Had a good friend working for his PhD for the Italian side of the project. The material science is insane. They used copper from old sunken ships for a lot of the hardware, because it is way less contaminated with radiation. Super interesting projects and marvelous engineering
You made me post my first youtube comment. Ever. ;) We use lead from sunken Roman ships. But that's super rare, so it's really only used in the CUORE experiment for some of the shielding, and for soldering stuff in some specialized applications, such as in CRESST. Old iron is too brittle. And copper can be made extremely clean using electrolysis (and even cleaner doing the electrolysis underground)
I normally watch you on my phone. But yesterday I walk in our living room and there you are in big screen TV, my grandson watching & listening to your every word! That's when we found out we both followed you on TH-cam! Your def multi-multi-gen, he's 11, I'm 63 - and we now watch together during his annual summer vacation with us! Great work! Priceless memories and conversations!
I'm so happy for you and your grandson. You both have someone to share ideas and theories. I start sharing mine with people and they usually tune out or get bored. You're both blessed to have each other. Now, to the observatory! :)
This is so beautiful! I hope my daughters inherited my interest in anything (Astro)physics. In a few years I will know. And you and your grandson discovering this by accident is a great story.
a well and good but it doesnt condone all the damage done by falsi and the insane K0^id mandates/lockdowns. There wasnt a bit of science in that hokum, just exertion of command and control. period.
""" Our model of the universe can't be wrong. The evidence has to be wrong. """ Dark matter in a nutshell. Imagine talking about the essence of science in the meta of extreme cases of pseudoscience. Imagine saying the same when someone's experiment to find god failed. If there is no way to disprove something it has no place in science what so ever. Tell me how to disprove dark matter or accept that it is BS.
@@MegaBanne I don't particularly care if dark matter gets thrown out or not. If we can refine general relativity so dark matter becomes unnecessary to explain what we see, GOOD! We've got a better explanation than we do now. If one of these experiments actually pans out and finds the stuff, also good! More interesting things to investigate.
"But at least we tried." What a great moment to end the video. That we may never discover the answer to some of our biggest questions, yet try anyway, is the core essence of scientific inquiry.
@@cheezynachos9668 Quantum mechanics, nuclear physics, space faring, all measurable in percentage of Earth's gdp. But we got microchips, solar panels, CT / PET scans / MRI, satellite communications... We are a much better off civilization than early 20th century's. Imagine how DM can affect our lives regarding energy, propulsion and materials alone!
Ehh! He's a flip flop. Especially by discounting legitimate Dark Matter observations like random Gravitational Lensing. He doesn't even mention it. It's clearly something and isn't bound by a name. Whatever this stuff is if harnessed would make that hologram Jaws in Back to the Future 2 possible and completely replace VR and monitors. The possibilities are endless. Flying Cars would be made possible too and making heavy objects (like buildings) very light.
@@coreym162 Either you've just thrown up your alphabet soup or you've put too much trust in science fiction to tell you what dark matter is. Dark matter isn't theoretical negative matter.
Incredible video! Just a small detail: Gran Sasso (the mountain over DAMA/LIBRA) is not in the Italian Alps, but in another mountain range called the Apennines.
@@bowhunter8532 Yeah, what use do we have for the knowledge of particles, we were completely happy with continuum. Electron? Useless... Neutron? What does it matter... Positron? That's clearly a made up particle...
Really loved this one, not only this being a question that has been haunting humanity for years but to see the excitement of the scientists in the field of study. I'm excited to see the result of the mirrored Dama/Libra! It might just indicate that they've been dectecting something else but the mere possibility that it will give similar results to its sister machine is life-changing.
It never stops to amaze me how one can build a detector for particles when we don't know what those particles are. It's like telling a person from the stone age to go and find metal.
we know what to look for because dark matter interacts gravitationaly, which is a thing we can measure. it's like being blind but looking for the fire because it radiates heat.
More like telling a person from the stone age that they might get a shiny surface from heating up certain rocks hot enough. So long as they keep seeing rock after the fact, they will try to better insulate the rock or try to find other samples. When one finally melts, they may see a semi-shiny surface and assume, correctly, that they are close. They will likely then try to perfect smelting techniques to get a better finish/metal over time.
"It may elude us. But at least we tried." And this statement alone should underpin everything we humans attempt in future. We learn more from our failures than we ever would with a success. Even knowing how something DOESN'T work is important. It closes off dead ends in learning and research. Every failure is important to learn from. Do not deride them, otherwise you avoid learning the real lessons.
@@Darkdaej It's almost as if the knowledge has been continuously advancing and modified to support the newest verified evidence and 'certain people' such as yourself refuse to see the reality and make blanket statements that only show how ignorant they are.
@@Darkdaej Scientific Integrity probably demands to inform yourself about the current wave of anti-science and lgbt-hate, I'd argue. As if Science-TH-camrs and Atheist-Channel werent alwready-and-anyway kinda closely similar, but now it's literally them who impose the issues dubbed 'Trumpism' and Extremism in general. Telltale Atheist informs/warns about LGBT-Issues, so?
@@Darkdaej I mean, LGBT are really endangered right-now thx to the Republicans. Even harmful Bills aside, Ben Shapiro is right-now doing a massive Misinformation-Campaign to bring Gay's and Trans-People back into the Closet.
@@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 If our technology has improved exponentially within a few lifetimes then those who speak of impossibilities must only be considering their own lifetimes which is self-centered and myopic, is it not?
0:40 "under a mountain in the Italian Alps .." -> zooms in to the Apennine Mountains - which is correct, Gran Sasso, where DAMA/LIBRA is located, is in the Apennine Mountains. They do not belong to the Alps though.
That's one of the great things about science: even if an experiment fails, it may still be a win because of the interesting data gathered in the process which in turn may lead to fascinating new discoveries. So the most important science quote isn't "Heureka!", but: "Hey, that's funny..." - because that's how _every_ expansion of knowledge begins. 🙂
Fascinating! Also, whoever is doing the visuals for Veritasium is doing an amazing job! The charts, the 3D models, and the animations look extremely well-done and really help you to understand the idea behind it. Cheers! Edit: thanks for the grammar lesson
This video was very informative and entertaining. I learned a lot about dark matter and the experiments that are trying to detect it. I especially liked the part where you explained how the SABRE project works and how it uses crystals to measure the recoil of atoms. The animations and visuals were also very helpful and engaging. Thank you for making this video and sharing your knowledge with us!.
Man, I just need to take a minute here. I’m physics graduate and at one time in my life, very recently actually, I used to want to be a scientist. When the time came around for me to choose my Masters, I chose to study Dark Matter. It was almost my whole life for nearly three years, but academia just wasn’t for me. Coupled with the pandemic, I quit for the sake of my mental health and am much happier now, but man. Hearing all the names of the experiments, of the physicists involved, the history and development of the theory… It takes me back you know? I still love physics, I still admired it and I still understand it. In a way, I miss it, but I don’t think I want to be a scientist. I’m happy just reading articles every now and then, remembering what I spent years studying, revisiting a huge part of my life. I kind of lost track here. Anyway, I just wanted to say thank you for the video. It almost feels like one last visit before leaving a place I know I’ll never be in again. Thanks
That's kinda sad but yeah absolutely alright, keep doing whatever you find happiness in! And if you think there really was something serious that held you back from pursuing your true interests, don't worry man you got this. You'll sure get it right this time.
Man, I feel you. I specialized in theoretical particle physics with dark matter in mind for my entire masters programm. Now I'm starting my thesis in nanooptics because I think I'm not cut out for writing down theories that might get experimentally checked several decades from now. I needed something more tangible you know? But I still miss the stuff. Nice to know that I'm not the only one.
I 100% agree with you, I recently finished my masters before running away from acadamia. It was interesting hearing about DAMA/LIBRA again in an optimistic light, i got so used to hearing people say, "yeah but no one else can repeat it" and dismissing it you forget that they have discovered something even if it is just tourists cause DM detector interference.
"it may elude us, but at least we've tried". This is so beautiful. That's why I love science. It's OK never to find out, but you've gotta try. Thanks for a great vid!!
Okay normally I would agree with you but "Dark Matter" is such an obviously false and dumb theory that I have to say all the money dumped into finding a clearly non-existent particle was truly wasted. It's a bad theory that tries to crowbar a mystical magical particle to fill in the gaps of our understanding of gravity on large scales. They were NEVER going to find one and surely that was obvious from the start.
there is much more important things to know right now, the money would be better spent dealing with useful work, rather than looking for something that is so elusive no one has made any observation of it.
I just wrote a massive thesis about dark matter'ss density within the universe (rather than detecting it on Earth, like this video is about)! I'm very glad that you mentioned Vera Rubin, the absolute legend, in the discovery of dark matter (4:26) -- she's often left out of the narrative for no good reason, but she is such a key and integral figure.
@@kevinpils4716 I wrote about the structure of low surface brightness spiral galaxies, getting my research group a couple steps closer to properly modeling our galaxies’ dark matter haloes! My thesis was a part of a larger project, working on evaluating core-cusp transformation of dark matter haloes. Hopefully, we’ll have it published within the next couple years :~)
@@bogbutter In my humble opinion, science started with the telescope/microscope for a reason. What you can't see (well) you can't test (well), and what you can't test is not science. Statistics aren't all powerful and won't fix a blurry image (it's not possible to zoom in the pixels of an image like in a movie), what they may actually do is create fake information (see ML up-scaling). So in conclusion, anything too big to see properly in detail (such as galaxies) or too small (such as the quantum world) is not science, and will not be science until we figure a way to see properly (one that doesn't rely on statistics). Until then we may have theories, but those ain't better than the theories we did in the past about the earth being flat. Instead of focusing on making theories and more theories, we should focus on making machines too see properly.
I don't think it gets said enough, whoever does your animations is simply amazing, They can convey even the most complex of ideas with simplicity and ease that even someone with no background in that relevant field can understand them.
Sometimes I feel ashamed to be a human, but sometimes I watch a Veritasium video and pride comes back. The means deployed to find the secrets of our universe are amazing. And it takes so much humility to say "it may elude us, but at least we tried"
@@Prowamfordihno Hard not to be when you see how humans treat each other. Look around every once and a while and you realize we haven't evolved much past our ape ancestors.
Calling your device a "Cosmic Hunter" with a comic sans-like font has me wanting one, even if I have absolutely no use for it. I loved the video, keep up educating and teaching people about everything this universe has to offer!
You would be surprised at how often comic sans appears as the MAIN FONT in legit very high level physics powerpoint talks. It's declining now but a few years ago it was just embarrassing how prevalent it was. Also, does that thing have an e-ink display??
I must add, one of the interesting facts about the Universe🌌 is, if the rate of expansion of the Universe would have changed just only by one part in a Quintillion after the Big Bang, a Quintillion is one with 18 zeros after it, 1,000,000,000,000,000,000, then, the Universe would have continued to expand or collapsed back on itself. That's what Scientists say. I think should check 'The Evidences of Creation (series)' from the channel 'Rational Believer', you might be enlightened more than ever.
WOW Derek what a brilliant, easy while thick, luminous while talking darkness, open episode of Veritasium You did! Simply Thank You. In the first animation you answered so many 'never dared to ask' questions i had about motus, speed, momentum of the Solar system travelling through empty space, and in the end a clever openess: let's see 🙏🏻❤️
This is an incredibly oblique yet straightforward comment, bulky in the edges, yet so thin in the middle. I almost couldn't see it even though it was so large.
I love the humanizing elements in his editing. At 6:06 the star/gravity demo breaks and we get 4 seconds as an audience to see Derek in his living room doing something dumb for us. In my opinion, this is the necessary emotional break humans need to continue processing similar information in a large format. It takes 4 seconds of us laughing with you and the camera man to be ready for more hard-to-process information. Marcia Lucas would be proud
It's comforting to know that this kind of research is being done. The kind that doesn't have any clear economic purpose, but instead is just for the sake of the pursuit of knowledge.
There isnot a single research which don't have significant important. Sooner or later we are going to find the use of dark matter and it is gonna pay off. It just like 16th century people thinking what is gonna do good by learning about space and stars.
dark matter is actually just the medium in which consciousness exists, aka it is the soul. that is why it can be found in mountians/ancient volcanos where xinu deposited souls at the beginning.
You know that if you put Dark Matter in a translater to the german "dunkle Materie" you can actually hear how it is pronounced. I was laughing maniacally at "Dunkal Matteree".
I LOVE what Professor Lewis said at the end! "In science, we have to live with the possibility that...at some level we may never find the answer. It may elude us, but at least we tried." That is so profoundly true of science!
@@chaosordeal294 @vinvink Well, I am a scientist, but I do think that there are questions science can't answer. For example, WHY the big bang occurred. I think spiritual means can answer these spiritual questions.
Awesome to find this video on my TH-cam. I am a resident of Stawell Victoria where the Dark matter test is being conducted. I have always been curious as to what they’re actually looking for
I'm an engineer that just snagged a job at SLAC where I am working on a dark matter detector project and a cosmic microwave background radiation projects. I've always enjoyed your channel and it feels awesome to be working on something you made a video about.
I'm a PhD candidate working on DM and I think this video was great. I see so much discussion online where people assume scientists are just being narcissistic when we assume DM exists and that it must be like the new version of luminiferous ether theory, because they're not in tune with just *how much* **independent** evidence we have that is cleanly explained by particle DM. My only gripe with the entire video would be that I wish you had mentioned specifically that the idea of a particle "we can't see" or being "dark" isn't absurd in the slightest--I think part of why laypeople have gripes with the idea is that they think it's absurd that we could just posit something "invisible" is there. In reality, we already know of MANY particles that are similarly "invisible"--like neutrinos! In this context, "invisible" just means "doesn't interact with light" which is precisely true of neutrinos, and yet we are bombarded with trillions upon trillions of solar neutrinos every second from the sun. Unfortunately, we are not so lucky that DM is as easy to detect as neutrinos :)
Look I’m suspicious of dark matter theory because, if you’re going to try and invent an entire new class of particles that supposedly only interacts with matter/light through gravitational force alone, but there’s zero and I mean ZERO evidence that these supposed particles exist……… COULD (particle) dark matter theory turn out to be correct? Absolutely, yes, but forgive me for being suspicious of a theory that frankly has zero evidence in support of it We KNOW beyond reasonable doubt that there’s plenty of mass unaccounted for in our universe, this is true, and I also am suspicious as hell of MOND because (just like particle dark matter theory) it’s an ad hoc explanation with no real evidence to support its validity…… My basic point is this: Don’t think that the ‘opposition’ to dark matter theory is because it’s weird and people can’t ‘see it’ because quantum mechanics is absolutely weird as hell, but it’s true it gives very precise predictions and is verifiable and testable through endless experiments It is frankly unscientific at the core, to believe in particle dark matter theory as anything more than a POSSIBILITY, unless and until there is evidence for it We’ve spent years and billions of dollars building dark matter detectors and as of yet, nothing……… Again I’m not saying (particle) dark matter isn’t real, and it MIGHT be the best explanation we’ve so far come up with, but unless and until there’s actual evidence for it……. Forgive me for being a skeptic 🤷🏼♂️
Though, something does not exist until it is proven to exist. It is possible we will "will" dark matter into existence because of how well the concept fixes our problems, but it is due to something different entirely. All so fascinating.
14:14 I'm with this guy, it'd be really exciting if we ended discovering a whole new family of particles, but since they apparently don't interact with each other very strongly, the chance of anything showing up that isn't a fundamental-level particle is low.
I don't know - I'd say we know so little about dark matter at present that we can't rule out some exotic interactions between its particles other than just gravity. The simplest explanation is that it's bland and uniform, but that's not the only solution to what we see...
@@stephenholt4670 we don't know anything about dark matter. We don't even know if it exists. There are other hypothesis that explain the galaxy rotation curves, and make other valid predictions, and it doesn't rely on dark matter existing
but what if it's not dark matter but instead just a black hole that they are detecting and we just happen to orbit close to is every 6 months which is why the scan result peak in summer and drop off in winter
They only started data collection in early 2023, so it's probably going to be a while before results are published. Moreover there are other experiments trying to replicate the DAMA/LIBRA results, and one from south korea (COSINE-100) managed to "in a way" replicate the results. I put this in quotation marks because with their initial data analysis method they got a null result (aka: they found no signal whatsoever) but then they took their data and analyzed it with the somewhat particular data analysis method DAMA/LIBRA used in their publications and "found" a signal as well. Problem: This COSINE-100 signal is almost the inverse (the phase is flipped) of the original DAMA/LIBRA signal, so this is no good news for the dark matter theory as it might be some other effect. Or even worse, the signal might have been induced by the data analysis method itself and be completely arbitrary (low frequency noise generated by the photo multiplier tubes that is not modeled/compensated correctly). For more info just google "An induced annual modulation signature in COSINE-100 data by DAMA/LIBRA’s analysis method", the paper is freely available, short, and the non technical part relatively easy to understand
@@christophmayer3991so multiple detectors have been unable to replicate the results of DAMA, and when you apply the data analysis technique that they used to this other data, the pattern appears, out of phase. Not looking good for the validity of DAMAs results.
Wow I actually did a seminar on this last semester and especially held a presentation on DAMA/LIBRA. What might additionally be interesting to know is, that there are already two experiments currently running, which try to independently find the same signal as DAMA/LIBRA, named Cosine100 and ANAIS. Both have around three years of measuring time and are starting to become able to judge if the DAMA/LIBRA signal can be reproduced. So far the results of ANAIS seem to indicate no signal can be found, while Cosine is not yet able to make a clear statement, since the bestvalues for certain interesting parameters lie inbetween the zero hypothesis (there is no signal) and the DAMA/LIBRA finding. So right now the trend is leans towards the signal not being due to dark matter, but only time and more experiments will tell, if this ts the case.
If it isn't dark matter in the DAMA/LIBRA results, then what is it? EDIT: Wikipedia says that it could be a result of the data analysis procedure itself.
@@edtotman2952 they mentioned in the video that it could be caused by any sort of seasonal factors. it is possible that the climate above the facility somehow impacts the amount of particles that reach the detector.
Perhaps for english-speaking people, this is a more close approximation to the pronunciation: doonk-lair (without the r at the end) mah-tair-e-air (but no r at the end)
@@mark-alexanderschwarzbich4318 we use so much English vocabulary during our day to day communication, that the pronunciation is, at least for younger generations, usually not that bad
Just a note on geography. The Italian Alps are the mountains that separate Italy from France and Switzerland. The mountain range that goes down the spine of Italy is called the Apennines. DAMA/LIBRA is located under the Gran Sasso, specifically the Corno Grande, which at 2,912 metres of altitude is the highest peak in the range.
Great video Derek! I love how Geraint F. Lewis sums it up at the end. Thank you also for leaving the clips of how emotional scientists can be with their pet projects - good to remember.
Would like to say thank you to the team at Italy for collecting this data they were just showing us 20 years of data in two minutes shout out to you guys were the real heroes of the story
In this context "elude" means: "we have absolutely no scientific reason to believe dark matter exists, but we will never stop looking for it". Astronomers nowadays are absolutely delusional.
@@MegaBanne Incorrect. We have no direct evidence based on visual observation. You would be better served by saying things like "why did they call the discrepancy matter, when they have no clue what it was in the first place". Not that I expect you to understand what that means. Go back to kindergarten please.
@Don't Read Profle Photo You may delete the comment and channel so that others won't read your name. That's better than asking everyone to not read your name. 🙂
"History abundantly shows that people's views of the universe are bound up with their views of themselves and of their society. The debate in cosmology has implications far beyond the realm of science, for it is a question of how truth is known. How these questions are answered will shape not only the history of science, but the history of humanity." (Eric Lerner, 1992) One of the main reasons 'big bang' is pushed so ferociously is that it has been endorsed by the vatican.. "In fact, it seems that present-day science, with one sweeping step back across millions of centuries, has succeeded in bearing witness to that primordial 'Fiat lux' (Let there be light) uttered at the moment when, along with matter, there burst forth from nothing a sea of light and radiation, while the particles of the chemical elements split and formed into millions of galaxies ... Hence, creation took place in time, therefore, there is a Creator, God exists!" (Pope Pius XII, 1951) 300 years before this, 'the church' had Giordano Bruno publicly murdered for saying that space is infinite.. You 'do the math'.. NO! Please don't! This is why the erroneous ideas of 'infinity' are used in mathematics, specifically to confuse people into a misunderstanding of what infinitude actually means.. If space is infinite, 'god' cannot be..
Not only that is what blows my mind is also the fact that this thinking is so critical that try’s to reduce and contemplate all the ways that we could be wrong or misguided by what we thought it was what we measure but in fact is a completely different thing for example the gama rays and the decay of the atoms in the walls 🤯🤯🤯
I've seen a lot of stuff on TH-cam, including many math and science videos, and so much of it has started to seem repetitive to me. Someone works an integral, and everyone else does too, and at some point watching another video from a different youtuber shows that it's completely derivative. I think that's why I find Veritasium's channel so refreshing. It's interesting, very well put-together, and unique. It also presents ideas succinctly and isn't made up of mostly filler or explanations that proceed so slowly. Thanks again Derek and keep up the amazing work!
I love the fact that the neion detector, a piece of scientific hardware used for extremely specific cases regarding experimentation, uses comic sans for its title lol
It’s a really sad world where people just don’t give a damn if they butcher your language. Great job! It’s not like you can’t google the words for 5 seconds and check the spelling. Unsubscribed!
Yes! Lets undermine all his hard work to give us as much detailed information and a inside look at stuff we the common people would NEVER have a chance, because he botched a word not of his native tongue! Ingenious!
I love the bit explaining why the current consensus is for the existence of dark matter instead of our understanding of gravity being wrong or incomplete. It seems to be the number one question for people who have gained at least a cursory understanding on the phenomenon.
Same. I'm more wont to believe that our understanding of gravity is wrong rather than the existence of a large amount of invisible matter, but the explanation shows that there's more to it than just "our data is not lining up with our theories". I guess the thousands of intelligent physicists around the globe who know much more about this topic than any of us would have thrown away the dark matter hypothesis if there were no such convincing evidence.
@@Cuestrupaster Yes but the thing is, like Echo.120 expands below, is that with what evidence we do have it seems to be much less likely that our theories have a fundamental issue with them. This thing always pops up in the comments on videos about dark matter, hence why I made the comment in the first place. And I do understanding why it's appealing to think that it must be the theories that are wrong, since we have no direct detection after 90 years of having seen the effect. The human mind likes pattern detection, and for the layman it seems like there is no pattern. But the scientific consensus on the matter has been formed by people who have spent *literal lifetimes* studying the topic. And the evidence they've found points towards dark matter being real, whereas the other other option has way less evidence. So surely it makes sense to pursue the one that has some merit to it, instead of going on a wild goose chase just because we've found nothing so far?
@@echo.1209 um...i guess, but they don't all agree. Check Sabine Hossenfelders videos on it. Basically, yes reject MOND but that doesn't mean its possible for a future theory to correct the disrepecy and nor do they know the exact candidate of dark matter to fit (none proposed quite work perfectly...). Plus, there are multiple other reasons to look at our theory of gravity from dark energy to disrepency with quantum mechanics anyway.
I love this so much! Dark matter is like failing your algebra test and then proposing to your teacher that there is a mysterious variable GG that exactly matches your error. Thank you!
Except that no matter how hard you try you always get the exact same error, and it shows up in everything from geometry to calculus. Eventually you start to think your teacher has rigged the tests
@@Jorza4daWorld rigged the solution by creating things to try an abuse and force an incorrect theory work. Give it up. Its pathetic and long since proven false. Science just reduses to allow anyone or thing outside the circle to come play with the jërks.
It's like trying to find a black cat in a dark room, especially if there is no cat. Sooner or later they will figure that out and stop searching for the stuff they made up in the first place.
@@Hkouggbmha The "u" is pronounced kind of like the "oo" in "book". The "e" at the end of "Dunkle" is pronounced like the unstressed "e" in "the". The stress in "Materie" is on the first "e" (which is pronounced a bit like "é" in "café") and the "i" and "e" at the end are pronounced separately, so like muh-TÉ-ri-uh
Hi Derek, I'm an Italian Mathematical Physicist and I'm a big fan of your videos. There is a little mistake at minute 0.44: the center for particle physics at Gran Sasso is located in the chain of mountains called "Appennini", not the "Alps", which are in the north of Italy :) It's not an important mistake, but I know how perfectionist you are, so I wanted to tell you that LOL. Thanks for your very interesting videos! Take care, Edoardo.
i'll never forget when i really learned the effect of dark matter. i was doing some newtonian physics problems, and one of them was to determine the rotational rate of the solar system relative to the milky way galaxy. if you use newtonian math, you get a wildly different number compared to the actual observed period. the answer in the physics book also had the newtonian value as the "correct" answer. the book was wrong probably because the chapter was on newtonian physics, and more specifically rotation, and it was easier to just print the answer you get from taking that approach. i compared my work to the observed value though, and it drove me insane until my professor explained that the answer is MUCH faster because of dark matter. we are hauling ass compared to what we should expect
I love the idea that their world has played out so exactly the same as ours that they actually have the same English language, except by some quirk they call themselves "dark matter" and call us "regular matter"
I remember scientists thinking LIGO was gonna be totally useless too… And now they’re detecting mergers of black holes damn near constantly. So much so that its become a science all its own.
@@ericalorraine7943 lookup Priscilla Dearmin-Turner, this is her name online, she's the real investment prodigy since the crash and have help me recovered my loses
@@davidhudson3001i just lookup her name online and found her accreditation on FINRA and SEC, she seems really solid. I leave her a mail on her webpage, thank you🙏
A CNBC news host spoke so highly of the💕 woman Priscilla Dearmin-Turner and her loss prevention strategies been trying to get to her ever since didn’t know she was so accessible
I have a ton of respect for Dirk but the way he butchered the word "Dunkle Materie" is really hilarious. I was listening to it without watching and then checked my phone screen to look how the word looks and i cracked up 😂
Knowing what he was trying to say, and hearing "Dankel Matterie" was bizarre. I am confused how this can happen on a channel that focuses on research. It's not like there aren't phonetic spellings, tts softwares and native speakers to help with the pronounciation.
Veritasium.. outstanding work. Really well explained and I truly can't help but respect the fact that you actually reference your sources in the description, instead of just saying "facts" which other channels seem to produce with no attempt at reference. Thank you and great work!
or simply put the detectors range is less then they realize and as the earth orbits around the sun earth gets close enough to detect dark matter well and then scan results drop off as we get further away from it
@@CamFlies yeah I know our dark matter detectors have a limited range if that's the case or it could be a black hole and as the earths orbit brings it close to it that's setting the detectors off and they drop off as we orbit away from the hole during the year you know fun times
14:41 "If God gave me the Great Book of Physics, and there were two sections, section A and section B, one for the luminous matter and one for dark matter, and they didn't talk to each other, I would say that was a very peculiar universe." - Prof. Getaint Lewis, Sydney Institute for Astronomy
If dark matter is influencing the speed of heavenly bodies, does it matter that it isn’t interacting directly with the particles we know about? It may still be necessary for the universe to operate as it does. Literally anything can exist if it doesn’t interact with our senses or with the matter we know of, though for a scientist, who would naturally want to be able to observe and categorize everything that exists, it must be frustrating to know of potential matter that is elusive. It’s interesting that he looks for function in the universe.
@@AbsentMinded619 You're right in that the laws of physics don't necessarily have to fulfill a purpose, they just can't make the rest of the universe stop working, just like evolution. But I would still call that peculiar, in the sense that we don't really know how the universe came to exist with these laws instead of different laws.
@@AbsentMinded619 it's not literally anything if it doesn't interact. It's literally not anything we know of, which eliminates probably about 1/5 of anything it could be. :) But seriously, it does kind of narrow it down.
probably the only thing of relevance in the original statement, is that it only seems peculiar to us... but how many universes have we even started to study yet? one. kinda hard to say something is peculiar with a sample size of one.
Lord Rutherford (most famous New Zealand scientist and father of nuclear physics) famously (or infamously) said that all science is either physics or stamp collecting. And so, in an ironic twist, the Nobel Prize that he won was awarded not for physics but for chemistry - oh snap! But Rutherford wasn't entirely wrong. All the physical, even the biological sciences boil down at their most fundamental level to physics. Chemistry can be seen as a kind of applied physics, biology can be seen as a kind of applied chemistry. A massive oversimplification for sure, but not wrong. And so, for instance, biophysics is a thing - and at places like Cornell, you have the synchrotron, previously used for cutting edge particle physics, instead being used as an x-ray light source for things like crystallography of viruses and such...
@@cv990a4 Well, you can boil down science to two fundamental questions: * HOW does THAT work? - And you end up with something relating to physical laws and theories. Or * HOW did we end up here? - Which boils down to some form of History or Archeology or other human stuff. And yes, it's a gross over simplification for humorous reasons.
One of the main reasons 'big bang' is pushed so ferociously is that it has been endorsed by the vatican.. "In fact, it seems that present-day science, with one sweeping step back across millions of centuries, has succeeded in bearing witness to that primordial 'Fiat lux' (Let there be light) uttered at the moment when, along with matter, there burst forth from nothing a sea of light and radiation, while the particles of the chemical elements split and formed into millions of galaxies ... Hence, creation took place in time, therefore, there is a Creator, God exists!" (Pope Pius XII, 1951) 300 years before this, 'the church' had Giordano Bruno publicly murdered for saying that space is infinite.. You 'do the math'.. NO! Please don't! This is why the erroneous ideas of 'infinity' are used in mathematics, specifically to confuse people into a misunderstanding of what infinitude actually means.. If space is infinite, 'god' cannot be..
Aaaaannnnddddd... this is why I switched from particle physics to condensed Matter physics. I personally do not have the patience to run an experiment that is like this. Intentionally trying to detect something that doesn't interact much by definition sounds like a frustrating experience. The same goes for the the neutrino community. Lots of respect... from a distance....
...what do these guys do all day? They're waiting for a flash of light in a tube that may or may not happen, do they sit in a circle staring at the tubes?
@@msjsr9364 Yes. It is torture. Just trying to whip up more insane theories just to find something. As a tried and true neutrino hater, I can't even thunk what kind of special hell "DM" probing must be.
Meanwhile, in another part of the Universe: ‘I really like the idea that because 20% of the mass of the Universe is Dark Matter, maybe there is an entire Dark Standard Model if you like.’
Technically it's more like 15.63% if viewed from someone in the dark matter universe. But I like to think there's not just two guys out there speculating, but instead six guys all covering only 15.63% each, all looking for the other 84.37%.
I have to get this out: "Dunkle Materie" is literally just the German words for dark matter and every letter in it is pronounced in the order it's written and without any alterations
We cannot see the ubiquitous creation of matter 'particles', but they are happening everywhere as wave-motions of space.. "Commendation from NASA for research work at Massachusetts Institute of Technology on the Earth's atmosphere and the Moon's surface for navigation of the Apollo spacecraft to the Moon.. Dr. Milo Wolff has found the structure of the electron consisting of two spherical quantum waves, one moving radially outward and another moving radially inward. The center of the waves is the nominal location of the electron 'particle'. These waves extend infinitely, like charge force. All 'particle' waves mix and contribute to each other, thus all matter of the universe is interrelated by this intimate connection between the fundamental 'particles' and the universe. The natural laws are a direct consequence of this Wave Structure of Matter (WSM), thus WSM underlies all of science." "Mathematics has the completely false reputation of yielding infallible conclusions. Its infallibility is nothing but identity. Two times two is not four, but it is just two times two, and that is what we call four for short. But four is nothing new at all. And thus it goes on and on in its conclusions, except that in the higher formulas the identity fades out of sight." (Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe) "Today's scientists have substituted mathematics for experiments, and they wander off through equation after equation, and eventually build a structure which has no relation to reality." (Nikola Tesla) spaceandmotion
It's amazing that as human beings, we're becoming more tolerant of our mistakes in understanding science and accepting it as a part of the process of finding the truth. Dark matter might change how we think of gravity and the universe, but it was never all for nothing.
This also implies that it's a good thing that we're becoming increasingly distracted by things that don't immediately pertain to the betterment of our lives and seek to escape our limited existence by finding higher meaning or forever expanding our scope. The truth is that only the origin point of anything matters, and we cannot truly ascend past our origin point. I'm not sure what our origin point actually is, but even if we did get close to it we could still not pass it, nor could we pass the origin point of that origin point and so on. Learning can be nice, but why should we, as a species, tolerate all this distraction?
Unless we have an existing practical use of the theoretical dark matter, i still wont support such research. Higgs boson and nuclear fission for the win!
Is that a joke? Dark matter exists because astronomers could not change their view on how the universe works. We know that every scientific gravity model of galaxies and larger objects are wrong. We have observed this. Some can't just accept that they where wrong. They invent concepts like dark matter to avoid having to think critically. Dark matter is not a scientific concept. Since you can't test for its existence. Beliefs ahead of scientific findings. """ If there is a lack of observed matter then the observations has to be wrong. Since there has to be enough matter to save us from questioning out own dogma. """ - The mindset of astronomers. Astronomers can't accept ignorance.
@@tmtm6217 It's the right distractions at the right time that allow our species to protect itself from threats beyond earth. While ignorance is bliss, multiple asteroids, large enough to be considered 'hazards' for our planet, have approached and moved past earth at a concerningly close proximity over the past few years. If we were to remain in ignorance about space, how could we ever dream to protect ourselves from such existential threats? Just because an endeavour doesn't provide immediate 'value' doesn't mean that it isn't worthwhile.
I worked as an undergrad on the CDMS collaboration 2 decades ago and as a grad student on the DRIFT-II experiment. We were always skeptical of DAMA/LIBRA. 😅 It’s so cool all these experiments are still going on.
Not only is this extremly interesting but the editing is top tier. 15 min flew through and at the end I was asking for more… when some video are not even 10 min long and feels like eternity even though they talk about subjeçt that interest me… great job 👍
I have a friend who is a theoretical astrophysicist. Because of her ability to explain these things in a way I can understand, I understood a LOT of this video very easily and already knew some of the concepts. As someone who was never an academic, that is wild to me!
Since we already know of particles that don’t interact with some of the fundamental forces, it makes more sense to me that there’s a particle that simply only interacts with gravity. Like, neutrinos only interact via the weak force and gravity, but we already know a lot about them; I doubt dark matter, if it interacted with either of the nuclear forces, could be so elusive.
But think about if a particle doesn’t interact with anything then it’s literally impossible to detect. If dark matter *only* interacts with gravity but on a minuscule level, then it’s going be incredibly difficult to detect on a small level. We’re only seeing the affects of dark matter on a astronomical level. Meaning it takes a ton of dark matter over a massive area to affect anything.
According to Tesla, there is no Gravity. Only Electro-Magnetism. And we know that it is not a Force, but rather an effect or a property of the matter itself. So in some sense your statement contradicts itself lol
6:03 This is why I love being a scientist myself. In the deepest dives, I still strive to maintain a good sense of the absurdity, the humorous reality of it all 😂... just being a big kid with far more questions than answers...❤️
@Martin Brei Polar rotation can be measured with a artificial horizon, it sees a 15 degree per hour tilt. But on a non rotating globe it does appear to be inertial.
@Martin Brei special relativity isn't useless! It is used to explain the marriage that is electromagnetism sufficiently correctly for undergraduate physics and for electrical engineering.
Thank you once again for your quality and amazing videos. I adore science, tech, history etc. I work at a hospital and have limited time to read and research things but your videos are always detailed and your explanations are both in depth yet concise that I get a nice scope into the subjects with my limited time. I can't stress how excellent your format and information is. I could sit and chat about these subjects for hours on end of given the chance. Thanks again Veratasium!
I feel like 50% of the world could barely explain how an audio speaker works, and yet there are people who are trying to peer into a "hidden world" to understand the symphony of physics which explains how our entire universe operates.
6:00 dude i love that dark matter analogy, specifically the water bottle. I've used this analogy before, but never with the water bottle component. Super clean and beautiful. Thanks.
I find that this channel gets the most complete watchtime per video from me. I've never skipped ahead even once when watching Veritasium. Shows how interesting these videos are! cheers
Really, after reading a couple of the comments including yours I didn't even bother wasting my time so thanks. Oh yeah u know it's not the actual Alps, it's another mountain called the.... yeah whatever
0:38 Small mistake: these aren't the Italian Alps (which are located in northern Italy). They are the Appenine mountains, which indeed host the laboratories of Gran Sasso, as you correctly pinpointed.
15:00 ohhhh yea. my astronomy/ physics teacher back from when i was in highschool made sure each year that one of THE FIRST THINGS he would tell EVERY class is "its ok to say 'i dont know' BUT ONLY if you make sure to add the word 'yet'..." to this day while im not good when it comes to taking mesurements hence why im not the sort of person to want to go research physics, i LOVE thinking about its concepts and trying to understand and pick apart the general interactions and understand them better as well as use the general to than fine tune some fun with the technical side of shitting around trying out things based on physics concepts and seeing what works and what doesnt. :D
The dark matter conjecture always reminds me of the 'ether' conjecture. A substance called ether/aether was formerly believed to fill the upper regions of space to explain the propagation of electromagnetic and gravitational forces.
It's sad that so much energy is misdirected into the theory of dark matter, but when all you have is a particle hammer, everything looks like a particle nail.
![แฉกลโกงงานวัด 2024 [ โกงมั้ยครับ ep.106 ] | DOM](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/taC5dpP3HXA/mqdefault.jpg)
Had a good friend working for his PhD for the Italian side of the project. The material science is insane. They used copper from old sunken ships for a lot of the hardware, because it is way less contaminated with radiation. Super interesting projects and marvelous engineering
That's so cool!
It is steel that they use from the ships that were sunk before the nuclear tests, or any iron that was made before then.
You made me post my first youtube comment. Ever. ;) We use lead from sunken Roman ships. But that's super rare, so it's really only used in the CUORE experiment for some of the shielding, and for soldering stuff in some specialized applications, such as in CRESST. Old iron is too brittle. And copper can be made extremely clean using electrolysis (and even cleaner doing the electrolysis underground)
BOLLOCKS
Wow
I normally watch you on my phone. But yesterday I walk in our living room and there you are in big screen TV, my grandson watching & listening to your every word!
That's when we found out we both followed you on TH-cam! Your def multi-multi-gen, he's 11, I'm 63 - and we now watch together during his annual summer vacation with us!
Great work! Priceless memories and conversations!
Wow! Great story!
Beautiful! My 4 year old daughter loves to watch "space videos" before bed and it's the best thing in the world.
I'm so happy for you and your grandson. You both have someone to share ideas and theories. I start sharing mine with people and they usually tune out or get bored. You're both blessed to have each other. Now, to the observatory! :)
I'm 75. Appeals to all, new brain or old.
This is so beautiful! I hope my daughters inherited my interest in anything (Astro)physics. In a few years I will know.
And you and your grandson discovering this by accident is a great story.
"It may elude us, but at least we tried."
The essence of science in one sentence!
a well and good but it doesnt condone all the damage done by falsi and the insane K0^id mandates/lockdowns. There wasnt a bit of science in that hokum, just exertion of command and control. period.
"""
Our model of the universe can't be wrong.
The evidence has to be wrong.
"""
Dark matter in a nutshell.
Imagine talking about the essence of science in the meta of extreme cases of pseudoscience.
Imagine saying the same when someone's experiment to find god failed.
If there is no way to disprove something it has no place in science what so ever.
Tell me how to disprove dark matter or accept that it is BS.
@@MegaBanne I don't particularly care if dark matter gets thrown out or not.
If we can refine general relativity so dark matter becomes unnecessary to explain what we see, GOOD! We've got a better explanation than we do now.
If one of these experiments actually pans out and finds the stuff, also good! More interesting things to investigate.
@@MegaBanne all models are wrong. Some are useful.
I would say the essence of science is learning. If we try, but don't learn, it's kinda pointless, right?
I am never not amazed at just how much Humans are able to find with nothing but just thinking.
I am not at all amazed at myself for my unremarkable reaction to comments like this.
Humanity is truly amazing :D
@@Idellphany Just wait until AI gets its turn !
Only way some things exist in the world.
Thinking, and then writing it down so other people can think about it as well.
"But at least we tried." What a great moment to end the video. That we may never discover the answer to some of our biggest questions, yet try anyway, is the core essence of scientific inquiry.
Its one hella cost research tho
@@cheezynachos9668 Quantum mechanics, nuclear physics, space faring, all measurable in percentage of Earth's gdp.
But we got microchips, solar panels, CT / PET scans / MRI, satellite communications... We are a much better off civilization than early 20th century's.
Imagine how DM can affect our lives regarding energy, propulsion and materials alone!
I liked that too. Cheers.
Ehh! He's a flip flop. Especially by discounting legitimate Dark Matter observations like random Gravitational Lensing. He doesn't even mention it. It's clearly something and isn't bound by a name. Whatever this stuff is if harnessed would make that hologram Jaws in Back to the Future 2 possible and completely replace VR and monitors. The possibilities are endless. Flying Cars would be made possible too and making heavy objects (like buildings) very light.
@@coreym162 Either you've just thrown up your alphabet soup or you've put too much trust in science fiction to tell you what dark matter is. Dark matter isn't theoretical negative matter.
Incredible video! Just a small detail: Gran Sasso (the mountain over DAMA/LIBRA) is not in the Italian Alps, but in another mountain range called the Apennines.
How did u even watch the video in 9 minutes?
Educational channel btw porcoddio
@@isagiyoichi5207 my brother in Christ, 2X does exist
@@djee_peetch the greatest gift given to humankind
Anyway he says it in the first minute
The deeper you dive into physics and cosmology the freakier it gets.
And none of it matters at all....
@@bowhunter8532 Yeah, what use do we have for the knowledge of particles, we were completely happy with continuum. Electron? Useless... Neutron? What does it matter... Positron? That's clearly a made up particle...
Same goes for TH-cam. ;)
@@bowhunter8532 *matters* (physics joke)
@@Kycilak Do you have Asperger's? Triggering you guys is too easy and hilarious.
Really loved this one, not only this being a question that has been haunting humanity for years but to see the excitement of the scientists in the field of study. I'm excited to see the result of the mirrored Dama/Libra! It might just indicate that they've been dectecting something else but the mere possibility that it will give similar results to its sister machine is life-changing.
It never stops to amaze me how one can build a detector for particles when we don't know what those particles are. It's like telling a person from the stone age to go and find metal.
Some stone ager did find metal, that is how the Copper Age began.
@@Foolish188 and that’s how the dark matter age of humanity will begin , dark tech ? 🤣
we know what to look for because dark matter interacts gravitationaly, which is a thing we can measure. it's like being blind but looking for the fire because it radiates heat.
More like telling a person from the stone age that they might get a shiny surface from heating up certain rocks hot enough. So long as they keep seeing rock after the fact, they will try to better insulate the rock or try to find other samples. When one finally melts, they may see a semi-shiny surface and assume, correctly, that they are close. They will likely then try to perfect smelting techniques to get a better finish/metal over time.
@@shukrantpatil I think they will just call it The Dark Age.😁
"It may elude us. But at least we tried."
And this statement alone should underpin everything we humans attempt in future. We learn more from our failures than we ever would with a success. Even knowing how something DOESN'T work is important. It closes off dead ends in learning and research. Every failure is important to learn from. Do not deride them, otherwise you avoid learning the real lessons.
Imagine that, scientists that aren't claiming they know everything... Big change from what we've been exposed to for the past 2 years...
@@Darkdaej It's almost as if the knowledge has been continuously advancing and modified to support the newest verified evidence and 'certain people' such as yourself refuse to see the reality and make blanket statements that only show how ignorant they are.
@@Darkdaej Scientific Integrity probably demands to inform yourself about the current wave of anti-science and lgbt-hate, I'd argue. As if Science-TH-camrs and Atheist-Channel werent alwready-and-anyway kinda closely similar, but now it's literally them who impose the issues dubbed 'Trumpism' and Extremism in general. Telltale Atheist informs/warns about LGBT-Issues, so?
@@Darkdaej I mean, LGBT are really endangered right-now thx to the Republicans.
Even harmful Bills aside, Ben Shapiro is right-now doing a massive
Misinformation-Campaign to bring Gay's and Trans-People back into the Closet.
@@loturzelrestaurant First...No they aren't. That statement is laughable.
Second...kinda off topic, no?
15:00 "But at least we tried."
I love that sentiment. I feel like that captures so much of humanity in it.
It seems strange to consider "not solvable" as a possibility. It's not going anywhere so we have plenty of time to discover it.
@@dangerfly Ignoramus et ignorabamus. We do not know and will not know.
yolo
@@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 If our technology has improved exponentially within a few lifetimes then those who speak of impossibilities must only be considering their own lifetimes which is self-centered and myopic, is it not?
@@dangerfly lol "plenty of time" we are in an extinction event, there is no guarantee on time for our species
Man, the quality of your content sets the bar and then some! Keep up the great work and congrats on the recent collaborations too!
Thanks for sharing this. I went to the mine site when they made the announcement of its first stage completion. They wouldn’t let me in though 🙂
this comment needs more likes!!!
🙂
tf 🫠
pinn
:(
"Anytime an astrophysicist puts the word dark in front of something it means we have no idea what we're talking about" -Neil DeGrasse Tyson
Well, in this case the word 'dark' is actually before something so 🤓☝
@@superplaylists1616 Well, you failed to take into account that it is actually immediately preceding so...
@@superplaylists1616 Because that NDGT joke was directly pertaining to dark matter..?
exactly
Lots of people didn't know what they were talking about until they did.
Some guy on the Internet.
Here's to hoping we get a dark matter detection in our lifetime! Cheers
There's more chance for us to find inteligent life in our own solar system than to find dark matter.
@@xdorijanx9 and where does that come from ?
Don't hold your breath
@@dannyarcher6370 Oooh, now that's fascinating.
Why? What are you gonna do with it? Sell it on ebay?
0:40 "under a mountain in the Italian Alps .." -> zooms in to the Apennine Mountains - which is correct, Gran Sasso, where DAMA/LIBRA is located, is in the Apennine Mountains. They do not belong to the Alps though.
Incredible video!
@Danko Kapitan you are on youtube bruh, just search for it
@Danko Kapitan alt f4
@Danko Kapitan win+shift+s
"It may elude us, but at least we tried."
That right there is what science is all about. Loved that quote.
Having evolved as sentient beings, in a universe where some things might never be detectable or provable, is the ultimate cosmic irony.
That's one of the great things about science: even if an experiment fails, it may still be a win because of the interesting data gathered in the process which in turn may lead to fascinating new discoveries.
So the most important science quote isn't "Heureka!", but: "Hey, that's funny..." - because that's how _every_ expansion of knowledge begins. 🙂
ok
Luminiferous aether has eluded us for almost 200 years.
But when you are well and truly aware of the electric universe model, it is pretty much the dumbest statement ever.
Fascinating! Also, whoever is doing the visuals for Veritasium is doing an amazing job! The charts, the 3D models, and the animations look extremely well-done and really help you to understand the idea behind it. Cheers!
Edit: thanks for the grammar lesson
Ivy Tello and Mike Radjabov are legends!
“Look well,” you say? I don’t know how a graph is capable of looking at things.
@@Logan_Roman Ah you're that guy
@@Logan_Roman At least he didn't say "They look sick." ;-)
Ye
This video was very informative and entertaining. I learned a lot about dark matter and the experiments that are trying to detect it. I especially liked the part where you explained how the SABRE project works and how it uses crystals to measure the recoil of atoms. The animations and visuals were also very helpful and engaging. Thank you for making this video and sharing your knowledge with us!.
Man, I just need to take a minute here.
I’m physics graduate and at one time in my life, very recently actually, I used to want to be a scientist. When the time came around for me to choose my Masters, I chose to study Dark Matter. It was almost my whole life for nearly three years, but academia just wasn’t for me. Coupled with the pandemic, I quit for the sake of my mental health and am much happier now, but man. Hearing all the names of the experiments, of the physicists involved, the history and development of the theory… It takes me back you know? I still love physics, I still admired it and I still understand it. In a way, I miss it, but I don’t think I want to be a scientist. I’m happy just reading articles every now and then, remembering what I spent years studying, revisiting a huge part of my life.
I kind of lost track here. Anyway, I just wanted to say thank you for the video. It almost feels like one last visit before leaving a place I know I’ll never be in again. Thanks
academia is switching your brain from analog to binary.
Conduct your own little experiments bro, if you can. Make humanity proud.
That's kinda sad but yeah absolutely alright, keep doing whatever you find happiness in! And if you think there really was something serious that held you back from pursuing your true interests, don't worry man you got this. You'll sure get it right this time.
Man, I feel you. I specialized in theoretical particle physics with dark matter in mind for my entire masters programm. Now I'm starting my thesis in nanooptics because I think I'm not cut out for writing down theories that might get experimentally checked several decades from now. I needed something more tangible you know?
But I still miss the stuff. Nice to know that I'm not the only one.
I 100% agree with you, I recently finished my masters before running away from acadamia. It was interesting hearing about DAMA/LIBRA again in an optimistic light, i got so used to hearing people say, "yeah but no one else can repeat it" and dismissing it you forget that they have discovered something even if it is just tourists cause DM detector interference.
"it may elude us, but at least we've tried". This is so beautiful. That's why I love science. It's OK never to find out, but you've gotta try.
Thanks for a great vid!!
But we must know, we will know!
Okay normally I would agree with you but "Dark Matter" is such an obviously false and dumb theory that I have to say all the money dumped into finding a clearly non-existent particle was truly wasted. It's a bad theory that tries to crowbar a mystical magical particle to fill in the gaps of our understanding of gravity on large scales. They were NEVER going to find one and surely that was obvious from the start.
that statement made me laugh .. It felt more like "than why bother"...
We have to live with possibility, we have to be optimistic, we have to hold our hopes to make it happen...
there is much more important things to know right now, the money would be better spent dealing with useful work, rather than looking for something that is so elusive no one has made any observation of it.
I just wrote a massive thesis about dark matter'ss density within the universe (rather than detecting it on Earth, like this video is about)! I'm very glad that you mentioned Vera Rubin, the absolute legend, in the discovery of dark matter (4:26) -- she's often left out of the narrative for no good reason, but she is such a key and integral figure.
The LSST was renamed after Vera Rubin, so she finally gets her recognition :) btw what exactly was your thesis about?
Discovered dark matter you say....
@@kevinpils4716 I wrote about the structure of low surface brightness spiral galaxies, getting my research group a couple steps closer to properly modeling our galaxies’ dark matter haloes! My thesis was a part of a larger project, working on evaluating core-cusp transformation of dark matter haloes. Hopefully, we’ll have it published within the next couple years :~)
@@bogbutter can I have your report?
@@bogbutter In my humble opinion, science started with the telescope/microscope for a reason. What you can't see (well) you can't test (well), and what you can't test is not science. Statistics aren't all powerful and won't fix a blurry image (it's not possible to zoom in the pixels of an image like in a movie), what they may actually do is create fake information (see ML up-scaling).
So in conclusion, anything too big to see properly in detail (such as galaxies) or too small (such as the quantum world) is not science, and will not be science until we figure a way to see properly (one that doesn't rely on statistics). Until then we may have theories, but those ain't better than the theories we did in the past about the earth being flat. Instead of focusing on making theories and more theories, we should focus on making machines too see properly.
I love this, it shows why astrophysics are the most raw form of existentialism.
I don't think it gets said enough, whoever does your animations is simply amazing, They can convey even the most complex of ideas with simplicity and ease that even someone with no background in that relevant field can understand them.
Looking at the description, it looks like some of them were done by different groups
Sometimes I feel ashamed to be a human, but sometimes I watch a Veritasium video and pride comes back.
The means deployed to find the secrets of our universe are amazing.
And it takes so much humility to say "it may elude us, but at least we tried"
yea you need to stop watching too much tiktok
Don't be dramatic
The atrocities and terrible treatment of one another are examples of the lows. Don't let those things distract you from the highs.
That is the human spirit we cant understand everything but we still want to learn
@@Prowamfordihno Hard not to be when you see how humans treat each other. Look around every once and a while and you realize we haven't evolved much past our ape ancestors.
Calling your device a "Cosmic Hunter" with a comic sans-like font has me wanting one, even if I have absolutely no use for it. I loved the video, keep up educating and teaching people about everything this universe has to offer!
Also it looks like a E-Ink display, do really want one now lol
You would be surprised at how often comic sans appears as the MAIN FONT in legit very high level physics powerpoint talks. It's declining now but a few years ago it was just embarrassing how prevalent it was. Also, does that thing have an e-ink display??
Comic sans is prevalent everywhere, it’s one of the worst plagues to hit mankind.
@@Muonium1 I mean of course physicists would use comic sans because Sans Undertale break physics
I must add, one of the interesting facts about the Universe🌌 is, if the rate of expansion of the Universe would have changed just only by one part in a Quintillion after the Big Bang, a Quintillion is one with 18 zeros after it, 1,000,000,000,000,000,000, then, the Universe would have continued to expand or collapsed back on itself.
That's what Scientists say.
I think should check 'The Evidences of Creation (series)' from the channel 'Rational Believer', you might be enlightened more than ever.
WOW Derek what a brilliant, easy while thick, luminous while talking darkness, open episode of Veritasium You did! Simply Thank You. In the first animation you answered so many 'never dared to ask' questions i had about motus, speed, momentum of the Solar system travelling through empty space, and in the end a clever openess: let's see 🙏🏻❤️
This is an incredibly oblique yet straightforward comment, bulky in the edges, yet so thin in the middle. I almost couldn't see it even though it was so large.
I love the humanizing elements in his editing. At 6:06 the star/gravity demo breaks and we get 4 seconds as an audience to see Derek in his living room doing something dumb for us. In my opinion, this is the necessary emotional break humans need to continue processing similar information in a large format. It takes 4 seconds of us laughing with you and the camera man to be ready for more hard-to-process information. Marcia Lucas would be proud
@bodoti qwiu
Not in this case.
There is no way for dark matter to fail.
You can't show that dark matter is wrong.
Yeah that was cool
It's comforting to know that this kind of research is being done. The kind that doesn't have any clear economic purpose, but instead is just for the sake of the pursuit of knowledge.
This is a very important point! It's not obvious that a civilization would pay for this.
amen brother
There isnot a single research which don't have significant important. Sooner or later we are going to find the use of dark matter and it is gonna pay off. It just like 16th century people thinking what is gonna do good by learning about space and stars.
Billions of dollars in grant money is not economic to you then?
dark matter is actually just the medium in which consciousness exists, aka it is the soul. that is why it can be found in mountians/ancient volcanos where xinu deposited souls at the beginning.
14:13 I love how excited Prof Urquijo is, when talking about dark matter and the possibilities!
This is by far the best video on dark matter I've ever come across.
You know that if you put Dark Matter in a translater to the german "dunkle Materie" you can actually hear how it is pronounced.
I was laughing maniacally at "Dunkal Matteree".
There are a lot of people who speak German he could've asked, too :)
I'm pretty sure he thought it was a french word and he typed in into the french google translate
4:14
That cave and the whole experiment is some serious engineering. The amount of work that must have gone into that is insane
It's like constantly being like "aha, that could affect the result!! better take EVERY PRECAUTION EVER"
That's a mine. Caves are natural.
Check out the LZ project - a similar detector that uses liquid xenon in a crostat a mile underground in an abandoned gold mine in south dakota
things like this are the reason to got to mars as we as a civilised world learn from it and better are living standards ect.
@@TheJamesRedwood thanks, Neal DeGrasse Tyson.
I LOVE what Professor Lewis said at the end! "In science, we have to live with the possibility that...at some level we may never find the answer. It may elude us, but at least we tried." That is so profoundly true of science!
love that! and in a way, the concept of 'never' is only when we've given up or when humans cease to exist.
Ah, just invent a god and that explains everything.
@@chaosordeal294 I'd like to think we've outgrown our imaginary sky daddies.
@@chaosordeal294 @vinvink Well, I am a scientist, but I do think that there are questions science can't answer. For example, WHY the big bang occurred. I think spiritual means can answer these spiritual questions.
Awesome to find this video on my TH-cam. I am a resident of Stawell Victoria where the Dark matter test is being conducted. I have always been curious as to what they’re actually looking for
I have been to Victoria once, it's close to Rome and the colosseum. Ah, Italy....
I'm an engineer that just snagged a job at SLAC where I am working on a dark matter detector project and a cosmic microwave background radiation projects. I've always enjoyed your channel and it feels awesome to be working on something you made a video about.
Ur a lucky hard working man keep it up man
I'm a PhD candidate working on DM and I think this video was great. I see so much discussion online where people assume scientists are just being narcissistic when we assume DM exists and that it must be like the new version of luminiferous ether theory, because they're not in tune with just *how much* **independent** evidence we have that is cleanly explained by particle DM.
My only gripe with the entire video would be that I wish you had mentioned specifically that the idea of a particle "we can't see" or being "dark" isn't absurd in the slightest--I think part of why laypeople have gripes with the idea is that they think it's absurd that we could just posit something "invisible" is there. In reality, we already know of MANY particles that are similarly "invisible"--like neutrinos! In this context, "invisible" just means "doesn't interact with light" which is precisely true of neutrinos, and yet we are bombarded with trillions upon trillions of solar neutrinos every second from the sun. Unfortunately, we are not so lucky that DM is as easy to detect as neutrinos :)
My prediction: A simple discovery by the JWT will finally put an end to DM. Better have a backup plan.
Look I’m suspicious of dark matter theory because, if you’re going to try and invent an entire new class of particles that supposedly only interacts with matter/light through gravitational force alone, but there’s zero and I mean ZERO evidence that these supposed particles exist………
COULD (particle) dark matter theory turn out to be correct? Absolutely, yes, but forgive me for being suspicious of a theory that frankly has zero evidence in support of it
We KNOW beyond reasonable doubt that there’s plenty of mass unaccounted for in our universe, this is true, and I also am suspicious as hell of MOND because (just like particle dark matter theory) it’s an ad hoc explanation with no real evidence to support its validity……
My basic point is this: Don’t think that the ‘opposition’ to dark matter theory is because it’s weird and people can’t ‘see it’ because quantum mechanics is absolutely weird as hell, but it’s true it gives very precise predictions and is verifiable and testable through endless experiments
It is frankly unscientific at the core, to believe in particle dark matter theory as anything more than a POSSIBILITY, unless and until there is evidence for it
We’ve spent years and billions of dollars building dark matter detectors and as of yet, nothing………
Again I’m not saying (particle) dark matter isn’t real, and it MIGHT be the best explanation we’ve so far come up with, but unless and until there’s actual evidence for it……. Forgive me for being a skeptic 🤷🏼♂️
Fascinating!!
Though, something does not exist until it is proven to exist. It is possible we will "will" dark matter into existence because of how well the concept fixes our problems, but it is due to something different entirely.
All so fascinating.
This is not just about it being invisible but also intangible and only interacting through gravity.
14:14 I'm with this guy, it'd be really exciting if we ended discovering a whole new family of particles, but since they apparently don't interact with each other very strongly, the chance of anything showing up that isn't a fundamental-level particle is low.
I don't know - I'd say we know so little about dark matter at present that we can't rule out some exotic interactions between its particles other than just gravity. The simplest explanation is that it's bland and uniform, but that's not the only solution to what we see...
@@stephenholt4670 we don't know anything about dark matter. We don't even know if it exists. There are other hypothesis that explain the galaxy rotation curves, and make other valid predictions, and it doesn't rely on dark matter existing
A theory suggests that Dark matter could be normal fermions sitting on higher dimensions of the universe
but what if it's not dark matter but instead just a black hole that they are detecting and we just happen to orbit close to is every 6 months which is why the scan result peak in summer and drop off in winter
@@raven4k998 ? what lol
So, a year down the road since this was posted now: have they been able to reach any sort of conclusion in Melbourne? Thanks for updating us, Derek.
They only started data collection in early 2023, so it's probably going to be a while before results are published.
Moreover there are other experiments trying to replicate the DAMA/LIBRA results, and one from south korea (COSINE-100) managed to "in a way" replicate the results. I put this in quotation marks because with their initial data analysis method they got a null result (aka: they found no signal whatsoever) but then they took their data and analyzed it with the somewhat particular data analysis method DAMA/LIBRA used in their publications and "found" a signal as well.
Problem: This COSINE-100 signal is almost the inverse (the phase is flipped) of the original DAMA/LIBRA signal, so this is no good news for the dark matter theory as it might be some other effect. Or even worse, the signal might have been induced by the data analysis method itself and be completely arbitrary (low frequency noise generated by the photo multiplier tubes that is not modeled/compensated correctly).
For more info just google "An induced annual modulation signature in COSINE-100 data by DAMA/LIBRA’s analysis method", the paper is freely available, short, and the non technical part relatively easy to understand
@christophmayer3991 Thanks for the updates!
@@christophmayer3991thanks so much for this!!
@@christophmayer3991thanks
@@christophmayer3991so multiple detectors have been unable to replicate the results of DAMA, and when you apply the data analysis technique that they used to this other data, the pattern appears, out of phase. Not looking good for the validity of DAMAs results.
As a german speaking person i think your pronunciation at 4:15 is EPIC. Still more than wrong :D
Jokes aside as always an incredible video
Was about to comment this aswell :D
Just looked in the comments for that reason 😝 Sounds more French than German I think (as a native German speaker)
It's just beautiful. Duncle Muttery.
he pronounced it like it was french ... but people in switzerland also speak german (sort of :P)
should be Duhn-kleh Mah-te-ri-e
This channel is just such a gift.
True
Real
Wow I actually did a seminar on this last semester and especially held a presentation on DAMA/LIBRA. What might additionally be interesting to know is, that there are already two experiments currently running, which try to independently find the same signal as DAMA/LIBRA, named Cosine100 and ANAIS. Both have around three years of measuring time and are starting to become able to judge if the DAMA/LIBRA signal can be reproduced. So far the results of ANAIS seem to indicate no signal can be found, while Cosine is not yet able to make a clear statement, since the bestvalues for certain interesting parameters lie inbetween the zero hypothesis (there is no signal) and the DAMA/LIBRA finding. So right now the trend is leans towards the signal not being due to dark matter, but only time and more experiments will tell, if this ts the case.
where do i get updates on the experiement he talked about in the video?
God bless the guy who decided to call it ANAIS ehauheauehauhaeauheuhuhue
If it isn't dark matter in the DAMA/LIBRA results, then what is it? EDIT: Wikipedia says that it could be a result of the data analysis procedure itself.
@@Cuestrupaster I read the 2 studies as cousin anus haha
@@edtotman2952 they mentioned in the video that it could be caused by any sort of seasonal factors. it is possible that the climate above the facility somehow impacts the amount of particles that reach the detector.
Thanks!
Your pronunciation of “Dunkle Materie” (“dark matter” in German) has me in tears. 😂
„duncle materiiiiiiiii“
Perhaps for english-speaking people, this is a more close approximation to the pronunciation:
doonk-lair (without the r at the end)
mah-tair-e-air (but no r at the end)
I was searching for this comment 😀
Somehow I'm disappointed, I had expected Derek to not blunder on this 😉
odd German word in an English sentence - to native English speakers 🧐 - to native German speakers 🤡
I wonder if it's the same way around also?
@@mark-alexanderschwarzbich4318 we use so much English vocabulary during our day to day communication, that the pronunciation is, at least for younger generations, usually not that bad
Just a note on geography. The Italian Alps are the mountains that separate Italy from France and Switzerland. The mountain range that goes down the spine of Italy is called the Apennines. DAMA/LIBRA is located under the Gran Sasso, specifically the Corno Grande, which at 2,912 metres of altitude is the highest peak in the range.
Is that the one that's causing problems to the local water supplies?
I appreciate the research and information you provided in this video. It's enlightening and thought-provoking. Thanks for sharing!
What a beautiful journey Derek. More than a decade in the youtube growing up and getting older with Veritasium. Keep up the good work!
Great video Derek! I love how Geraint F. Lewis sums it up at the end. Thank you also for leaving the clips of how emotional scientists can be with their pet projects - good to remember.
Would like to say thank you to the team at Italy for collecting this data they were just showing us 20 years of data in two minutes shout out to you guys were the real heroes of the story
Would like to say your grammar is impeccable service
@@LuciferMorningstar666-e1s sez u
I always wondered how they'll go about (dis)proving its existence, since I assumed that we had no devices to measure it.
The experiment at 5:30 is simply brilliant and explains the concept so well.
"it may elude us, but at least we tried." The essence of experiment expressed in a single sentence.
ok
ok
In this context "elude" means: "we have absolutely no scientific reason to believe dark matter exists, but we will never stop looking for it".
Astronomers nowadays are absolutely delusional.
@@MegaBanne but what if they find dark matter Or something
@@MegaBanne Incorrect. We have no direct evidence based on visual observation.
You would be better served by saying things like "why did they call the discrepancy matter, when they have no clue what it was in the first place". Not that I expect you to understand what that means.
Go back to kindergarten please.
The logics and knowledge of science of these guys is just mindblowing!
And V. is doing an excellent job to make the dumb of us understand.
@Don't Read Profle Photo Don't worry, I won't.
@Don't Read Profle Photo You may delete the comment and channel so that others won't read your name. That's better than asking everyone to not read your name. 🙂
@@lorenzoblum868 it does dark though
Speak for yourself
"History abundantly shows that people's views of the universe are bound up with their views of themselves and of their society. The debate in cosmology has implications far beyond the realm of science, for it is a question of how truth is known. How these questions are answered will shape not only the history of science, but the history of humanity." (Eric Lerner, 1992)
One of the main reasons 'big bang' is pushed so ferociously is that it has been endorsed by the vatican..
"In fact, it seems that present-day science, with one sweeping step back across millions of centuries, has succeeded in bearing witness to that primordial 'Fiat lux' (Let there be light) uttered at the moment when, along with matter, there burst forth from nothing a sea of light and radiation, while the particles of the chemical elements split and formed into millions of galaxies ... Hence, creation took place in time, therefore, there is a Creator, God exists!" (Pope Pius XII, 1951)
300 years before this, 'the church' had Giordano Bruno publicly murdered for saying that space is infinite..
You 'do the math'.. NO! Please don't! This is why the erroneous ideas of 'infinity' are used in mathematics, specifically to confuse people into a misunderstanding of what infinitude actually means.. If space is infinite, 'god' cannot be..
Not only that is what blows my mind is also the fact that this thinking is so critical that try’s to reduce and contemplate all the ways that we could be wrong or misguided by what we thought it was what we measure but in fact is a completely different thing for example the gama rays and the decay of the atoms in the walls 🤯🤯🤯
I've seen a lot of stuff on TH-cam, including many math and science videos, and so much of it has started to seem repetitive to me. Someone works an integral, and everyone else does too, and at some point watching another video from a different youtuber shows that it's completely derivative. I think that's why I find Veritasium's channel so refreshing. It's interesting, very well put-together, and unique. It also presents ideas succinctly and isn't made up of mostly filler or explanations that proceed so slowly. Thanks again Derek and keep up the amazing work!
I could not have put it better myself. Derek is indeed a diamond in the dirt.
true
Yeah this stuff is great. Though it's hard to comprehend anything past a surface level understanding if you don't go through the tedious math yourself
@@g.3521 Yes, for sure!
I love the fact that the neion detector, a piece of scientific hardware used for extremely specific cases regarding experimentation, uses comic sans for its title lol
As a german I couldn't help but burst out laughting when he mispronounced "Dunkle Materie" in every way possible, thoroughly enjoyed it.
It’s a really sad world where people just don’t give a damn if they butcher your language. Great job! It’s not like you can’t google the words for 5 seconds and check the spelling. Unsubscribed!
I was looking for that comment. I first thought it was some kind of French term until I realised xD
Yes! Lets undermine all his hard work to give us as much detailed information and a inside look at stuff we the common people would NEVER have a chance, because he botched a word not of his native tongue! Ingenious!
sehr lustig
@@oOQCLQOo the spelling is correct - just the pronunciation is far off. It is funny - nothing more.
please never stop making these videos, theyre so easy to understand
I love the bit explaining why the current consensus is for the existence of dark matter instead of our understanding of gravity being wrong or incomplete. It seems to be the number one question for people who have gained at least a cursory understanding on the phenomenon.
Well there are a lot of things that we "know" that can be wrong... in phisics most of them comes to gravity, and time...
Same. I'm more wont to believe that our understanding of gravity is wrong rather than the existence of a large amount of invisible matter, but the explanation shows that there's more to it than just "our data is not lining up with our theories". I guess the thousands of intelligent physicists around the globe who know much more about this topic than any of us would have thrown away the dark matter hypothesis if there were no such convincing evidence.
@@Cuestrupaster Yes but the thing is, like Echo.120 expands below, is that with what evidence we do have it seems to be much less likely that our theories have a fundamental issue with them.
This thing always pops up in the comments on videos about dark matter, hence why I made the comment in the first place. And I do understanding why it's appealing to think that it must be the theories that are wrong, since we have no direct detection after 90 years of having seen the effect. The human mind likes pattern detection, and for the layman it seems like there is no pattern.
But the scientific consensus on the matter has been formed by people who have spent *literal lifetimes* studying the topic. And the evidence they've found points towards dark matter being real, whereas the other other option has way less evidence. So surely it makes sense to pursue the one that has some merit to it, instead of going on a wild goose chase just because we've found nothing so far?
@@echo.1209 Precisely! It's very appealing to look for explanations elsewhere.
@@echo.1209 um...i guess, but they don't all agree. Check Sabine Hossenfelders videos on it. Basically, yes reject MOND but that doesn't mean its possible for a future theory to correct the disrepecy and nor do they know the exact candidate of dark matter to fit (none proposed quite work perfectly...). Plus, there are multiple other reasons to look at our theory of gravity from dark energy to disrepency with quantum mechanics anyway.
I love this so much! Dark matter is like failing your algebra test and then proposing to your teacher that there is a mysterious variable GG that exactly matches your error. Thank you!
Except that no matter how hard you try you always get the exact same error, and it shows up in everything from geometry to calculus. Eventually you start to think your teacher has rigged the tests
@@Jorza4daWorld rigged the solution by creating things to try an abuse and force an incorrect theory work. Give it up. Its pathetic and long since proven false. Science just reduses to allow anyone or thing outside the circle to come play with the jërks.
@@Jorza4daWorld Maybe the teacher does not know either.
But still we accept his rule as absolute truth, even though there's something wrong with it.
It's like trying to find a black cat in a dark room, especially if there is no cat. Sooner or later they will figure that out and stop searching for the stuff they made up in the first place.
Well, you just discovered a neutrino
As a german, the way you pronounced "Dunkle Materie" made me laugh out loud, it literally translates to "dark matter" btw.
whats the correct pronunciation
@@Hkouggbmha The "u" is pronounced kind of like the "oo" in "book". The "e" at the end of "Dunkle" is pronounced like the unstressed "e" in "the". The stress in "Materie" is on the first "e" (which is pronounced a bit like "é" in "café") and the "i" and "e" at the end are pronounced separately, so like muh-TÉ-ri-uh
Yeah, I started laughing as well. :D
dankel maateriiiee
@@JNSchneider ma-Té-ri-uh?
Hi Derek, I'm an Italian Mathematical Physicist and I'm a big fan of your videos. There is a little mistake at minute 0.44: the center for particle physics at Gran Sasso is located in the chain of mountains called "Appennini", not the "Alps", which are in the north of Italy :) It's not an important mistake, but I know how perfectionist you are, so I wanted to tell you that LOL. Thanks for your very interesting videos! Take care, Edoardo.
i'll never forget when i really learned the effect of dark matter. i was doing some newtonian physics problems, and one of them was to determine the rotational rate of the solar system relative to the milky way galaxy. if you use newtonian math, you get a wildly different number compared to the actual observed period. the answer in the physics book also had the newtonian value as the "correct" answer. the book was wrong probably because the chapter was on newtonian physics, and more specifically rotation, and it was easier to just print the answer you get from taking that approach. i compared my work to the observed value though, and it drove me insane until my professor explained that the answer is MUCH faster because of dark matter. we are hauling ass compared to what we should expect
Do you believe in a god?
@@hunter-speexz The god of atheism only exists if you don't believe in him.
@@thaknobodi That's not even remotely true lol
There is no dark matter. It's cosmic dust.
@@Hankyjane why cant we just like, see it then.
I imagine scientists made out of dark matter are setting up similarly complicated experiments to try to detect this mythical "regular matter"
😂
I love the idea that their world has played out so exactly the same as ours that they actually have the same English language, except by some quirk they call themselves "dark matter" and call us "regular matter"
That's racist.
we would be like dark matter to them
Dark matter doesn't interact with itself so I don't think it can form the same structures as ordinary matter
I remember scientists thinking LIGO was gonna be totally useless too… And now they’re detecting mergers of black holes damn near constantly. So much so that its become a science all its own.
@@ericalorraine7943
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ok
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A CNBC news host spoke so highly of the💕 woman Priscilla Dearmin-Turner and her loss prevention strategies been trying to get to her ever since didn’t know she was so accessible
I heard she always have a way of linking someone investment into something new and profitable?
I have a ton of respect for Dirk but the way he butchered the word "Dunkle Materie" is really hilarious. I was listening to it without watching and then checked my phone screen to look how the word looks and i cracked up 😂
As a German i can confirm that the pronounciation is completely wrong
I knew that someone pointed it out in the comments xD
Kinda hurt my german speaking soul
Knowing what he was trying to say, and hearing "Dankel Matterie" was bizarre. I am confused how this can happen on a channel that focuses on research. It's not like there aren't phonetic spellings, tts softwares and native speakers to help with the pronounciation.
Veritasium.. outstanding work. Really well explained and I truly can't help but respect the fact that you actually reference your sources in the description, instead of just saying "facts" which other channels seem to produce with no attempt at reference. Thank you and great work!
or simply put the detectors range is less then they realize and as the earth orbits around the sun earth gets close enough to detect dark matter well and then scan results drop off as we get further away from it
@@raven4k998 uhh?
@@CamFlies yeah I know our dark matter detectors have a limited range if that's the case or it could be a black hole and as the earths orbit brings it close to it that's setting the detectors off and they drop off as we orbit away from the hole during the year you know fun times
@@raven4k998 I fail to see the relevance of your comment to mine tho lol
@@raven4k998What does it have to do with the main comment ._.
14:41 "If God gave me the Great Book of Physics, and there were two sections, section A and section B, one for the luminous matter and one for dark matter, and they didn't talk to each other, I would say that was a very peculiar universe." - Prof. Getaint Lewis, Sydney Institute for Astronomy
If dark matter is influencing the speed of heavenly bodies, does it matter that it isn’t interacting directly with the particles we know about? It may still be necessary for the universe to operate as it does. Literally anything can exist if it doesn’t interact with our senses or with the matter we know of, though for a scientist, who would naturally want to be able to observe and categorize everything that exists, it must be frustrating to know of potential matter that is elusive. It’s interesting that he looks for function in the universe.
@@AbsentMinded619 You're right in that the laws of physics don't necessarily have to fulfill a purpose, they just can't make the rest of the universe stop working, just like evolution. But I would still call that peculiar, in the sense that we don't really know how the universe came to exist with these laws instead of different laws.
@@AbsentMinded619 it's not literally anything if it doesn't interact. It's literally not anything we know of, which eliminates probably about 1/5 of anything it could be. :) But seriously, it does kind of narrow it down.
probably the only thing of relevance in the original statement, is that it only seems peculiar to us... but how many universes have we even started to study yet? one. kinda hard to say something is peculiar with a sample size of one.
I feel like physics is and has always been the most daunting, bottomless sect of science as a whole.
well physics is the science of everything, so it would be the most daunting logically.
Lord Rutherford (most famous New Zealand scientist and father of nuclear physics) famously (or infamously) said that all science is either physics or stamp collecting. And so, in an ironic twist, the Nobel Prize that he won was awarded not for physics but for chemistry - oh snap! But Rutherford wasn't entirely wrong. All the physical, even the biological sciences boil down at their most fundamental level to physics. Chemistry can be seen as a kind of applied physics, biology can be seen as a kind of applied chemistry. A massive oversimplification for sure, but not wrong. And so, for instance, biophysics is a thing - and at places like Cornell, you have the synchrotron, previously used for cutting edge particle physics, instead being used as an x-ray light source for things like crystallography of viruses and such...
@@cv990a4 Well, you can boil down science to two fundamental questions:
* HOW does THAT work? - And you end up with something relating to physical laws and theories.
Or
* HOW did we end up here? - Which boils down to some form of History or Archeology or other human stuff.
And yes, it's a gross over simplification for humorous reasons.
One of the main reasons 'big bang' is pushed so ferociously is that it has been endorsed by the vatican..
"In fact, it seems that present-day science, with one sweeping step back across millions of centuries, has succeeded in bearing witness to that primordial 'Fiat lux' (Let there be light) uttered at the moment when, along with matter, there burst forth from nothing a sea of light and radiation, while the particles of the chemical elements split and formed into millions of galaxies ... Hence, creation took place in time, therefore, there is a Creator, God exists!" (Pope Pius XII, 1951)
300 years before this, 'the church' had Giordano Bruno publicly murdered for saying that space is infinite..
You 'do the math'.. NO! Please don't! This is why the erroneous ideas of 'infinity' are used in mathematics, specifically to confuse people into a misunderstanding of what infinitude actually means.. If space is infinite, 'god' cannot be..
But That's what makes it so interesting though.
Being reminded that the sun is moving and earth is desperately trying to keep up is not what I needed today.
Aaaaannnnddddd... this is why I switched from particle physics to condensed Matter physics. I personally do not have the patience to run an experiment that is like this. Intentionally trying to detect something that doesn't interact much by definition sounds like a frustrating experience. The same goes for the the neutrino community. Lots of respect... from a distance....
...what do these guys do all day? They're waiting for a flash of light in a tube that may or may not happen, do they sit in a circle staring at the tubes?
@@msjsr9364 yes
@@msjsr9364 mostly they think about how to improve their detector
@@Sithisine ...to justify more funding
@@msjsr9364 Yes. It is torture.
Just trying to whip up more insane theories just to find something. As a tried and true neutrino hater, I can't even thunk what kind of special hell "DM" probing must be.
Meanwhile, in another part of the Universe: ‘I really like the idea that because 20% of the mass of the Universe is Dark Matter, maybe there is an entire Dark Standard Model if you like.’
based
Good thinking outside our infinite 📦
Technically it's more like 15.63% if viewed from someone in the dark matter universe. But I like to think there's not just two guys out there speculating, but instead six guys all covering only 15.63% each, all looking for the other 84.37%.
I have to get this out: "Dunkle Materie" is literally just the German words for dark matter and every letter in it is pronounced in the order it's written and without any alterations
We cannot see the ubiquitous creation of matter 'particles', but they are happening everywhere as wave-motions of space..
"Commendation from NASA for research work at Massachusetts Institute of Technology on the Earth's atmosphere and the Moon's surface for navigation of the Apollo spacecraft to the Moon..
Dr. Milo Wolff has found the structure of the electron consisting of two spherical quantum waves, one moving radially outward and another moving radially inward. The center of the waves is the nominal location of the electron 'particle'. These waves extend infinitely, like charge force. All 'particle' waves mix and contribute to each other, thus all matter of the universe is interrelated by this intimate connection between the fundamental 'particles' and the universe. The natural laws are a direct consequence of this Wave Structure of Matter (WSM), thus WSM underlies all of science."
"Mathematics has the completely false reputation of yielding infallible conclusions. Its infallibility is nothing but identity. Two times two is not four, but it is just two times two, and that is what we call four for short. But four is nothing new at all. And thus it goes on and on in its conclusions, except that in the higher formulas the identity fades out of sight." (Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe)
"Today's scientists have substituted mathematics for experiments, and they wander off through equation after equation, and eventually build a structure which has no relation to reality." (Nikola Tesla)
spaceandmotion
My poor ears
dóónkluh ma-tírree-uh
Besser formuliert als ich es könnte ^^
Ich muss mal kurz meine Ohren waschen gehen.
a simple Google Translate audio preview could have prevent this
What a great Veritasium video!
Let's take a moment and appreciate the people appreciating veritasium for his hard work and passion.
Will do... once I finish watching the actual video...
I appreciate that comment.
I appreciate this!
Let's take a moment and appreciate the people appreciating the people appreciating veritasium for his hard work and passion.
@Don't read profile photo we cannot read photos 🤣🤣
NGL i find it extremely disconcerting that the muon detector uses comic sans 12:01
It's amazing that as human beings, we're becoming more tolerant of our mistakes in understanding science and accepting it as a part of the process of finding the truth. Dark matter might change how we think of gravity and the universe, but it was never all for nothing.
This also implies that it's a good thing that we're becoming increasingly distracted by things that don't immediately pertain to the betterment of our lives and seek to escape our limited existence by finding higher meaning or forever expanding our scope. The truth is that only the origin point of anything matters, and we cannot truly ascend past our origin point. I'm not sure what our origin point actually is, but even if we did get close to it we could still not pass it, nor could we pass the origin point of that origin point and so on. Learning can be nice, but why should we, as a species, tolerate all this distraction?
Unless we have an existing practical use of the theoretical dark matter, i still wont support such research. Higgs boson and nuclear fission for the win!
@@tmtm6217 It's not a distraction it's just an expansion of our knowledge. How does this "distraction" harm or limit us in any way?
Is that a joke?
Dark matter exists because astronomers could not change their view on how the universe works.
We know that every scientific gravity model of galaxies and larger objects are wrong.
We have observed this.
Some can't just accept that they where wrong.
They invent concepts like dark matter to avoid having to think critically.
Dark matter is not a scientific concept.
Since you can't test for its existence.
Beliefs ahead of scientific findings.
"""
If there is a lack of observed matter then the observations has to be wrong.
Since there has to be enough matter to save us from questioning out own dogma.
"""
- The mindset of astronomers.
Astronomers can't accept ignorance.
@@tmtm6217 It's the right distractions at the right time that allow our species to protect itself from threats beyond earth. While ignorance is bliss, multiple asteroids, large enough to be considered 'hazards' for our planet, have approached and moved past earth at a concerningly close proximity over the past few years. If we were to remain in ignorance about space, how could we ever dream to protect ourselves from such existential threats? Just because an endeavour doesn't provide immediate 'value' doesn't mean that it isn't worthwhile.
The best youtube channel by far.
I worked as an undergrad on the CDMS collaboration 2 decades ago and as a grad student on the DRIFT-II experiment. We were always skeptical of DAMA/LIBRA. 😅
It’s so cool all these experiments are still going on.
12:43
Can't belive that even devices this complex and cool use Comic Sans as their font
Not only is this extremly interesting but the editing is top tier. 15 min flew through and at the end I was asking for more… when some video are not even 10 min long and feels like eternity even though they talk about subjeçt that interest me… great job 👍
I have a friend who is a theoretical astrophysicist. Because of her ability to explain these things in a way I can understand, I understood a LOT of this video very easily and already knew some of the concepts. As someone who was never an academic, that is wild to me!
Since we already know of particles that don’t interact with some of the fundamental forces, it makes more sense to me that there’s a particle that simply only interacts with gravity. Like, neutrinos only interact via the weak force and gravity, but we already know a lot about them; I doubt dark matter, if it interacted with either of the nuclear forces, could be so elusive.
What you said made a lot of sense, because still after watching the video I was confused. Thank you :)
But think about if a particle doesn’t interact with anything then it’s literally impossible to detect. If dark matter *only* interacts with gravity but on a minuscule level, then it’s going be incredibly difficult to detect on a small level. We’re only seeing the affects of dark matter on a astronomical level. Meaning it takes a ton of dark matter over a massive area to affect anything.
According to Tesla, there is no Gravity. Only Electro-Magnetism.
And we know that it is not a Force, but rather an effect or a property of the matter itself. So in some sense your statement contradicts itself lol
Well, that's what's supposed to be the dark matter, a particle that can interact only with gravity
@@stefanfilipov7254 except there is gravity, get your electric universe pseudo-science nonsense out of here.
"But at least we tried."
What a way to end a video....great work!
You just love spoiling things for people, don't you?
@@DaveZee823 sorry that I spoiled that the video would some day end....I too wished it would go in forever...
Also; he was Luke's father all along!
@@DaveZee823 It's not a spoiler, literally an open ended story. Besides when do you learn not to read the comments before watching the video?
I appreciate the effort in saying "Dunkle Materie", even if you kinda lost the l in Dunkle and ignored the latter part of Materie.
You are just amazing. I wish for more channel like yours. Thank you for your work.
Your comment is remarkable. I hope you write more just like it. Thank you for your work.
What you zoomed on is not the Alps, it’s the Appennini range. Specifically it’s the Gran Sasso mountain, as per the logo on the INFN footage.
Yep Appennini not Alps😁
and neither is that mine location an hour away from Melbourne. It's 2 and half hours away.
6:03 This is why I love being a scientist myself. In the deepest dives, I still strive to maintain a good sense of the absurdity, the humorous reality of it all 😂... just being a big kid with far more questions than answers...❤️
...or just being a big kid with lots of expensive high tech toys to play with!
Wow... I am moved by this. I have long felt the same way as my curiosity drives everything I do but I had never seen it put into words like this.
The humorous reality of it all - Indeed!!!!
:D This is a proof, that regular matter decays faster than dark matter :D PS: morning greetings with cup of a "dark matter" (coffee) in hand :D
That is one of the most fun things about learning!
“The Earth’s rotation in the solar system is at 60 degrees relative to the plane of the galaxy”
What a time to be alive.
@Martin Brei What are you talking about ?
@Martin Brei Polar rotation can be measured with a artificial horizon, it sees a 15 degree per hour tilt. But on a non rotating globe it does appear to be inertial.
@Martin Brei but then his biggest mistake was thinking special relativity was useless right? or no
now squeeeze that paper
@Martin Brei special relativity isn't useless! It is used to explain the marriage that is electromagnetism sufficiently correctly for undergraduate physics and for electrical engineering.
Whoever took those points on the original wave and connected that with to dark matter is a genius
Thank you once again for your quality and amazing videos. I adore science, tech, history etc. I work at a hospital and have limited time to read and research things but your videos are always detailed and your explanations are both in depth yet concise that I get a nice scope into the subjects with my limited time. I can't stress how excellent your format and information is. I could sit and chat about these subjects for hours on end of given the chance. Thanks again Veratasium!
I feel like 50% of the world could barely explain how an audio speaker works, and yet there are people who are trying to peer into a "hidden world" to understand the symphony of physics which explains how our entire universe operates.
le experts know everything! labcoat priests! lereddited!
Well that's a bit racist don't you think?
@@EternalDeath14 No. Not even one bit. Maybe in your mind, but no one else's.
100%
@@EternalDeath14 how???
6:00 dude i love that dark matter analogy, specifically the water bottle. I've used this analogy before, but never with the water bottle component. Super clean and beautiful. Thanks.
technically, it's more like adding mass across all parts of the "star spinner" rather than just at the low point, but for a simple thing, it's ok.
@@thomasneal9291 I appreciate the clarification, thank you.
You’re such a brilliant teacher. World class. Thank you.
I find that this channel gets the most complete watchtime per video from me. I've never skipped ahead even once when watching Veritasium. Shows how interesting these videos are!
cheers
Really, after reading a couple of the comments including yours I didn't even bother wasting my time so thanks. Oh yeah u know it's not the actual Alps, it's another mountain called the.... yeah whatever
@@TheAntsNest... uh? Are you sure you replied to the right person?
10:10 * sobbing * h-h-here... I'm right here...
😔
0:38 Small mistake: these aren't the Italian Alps (which are located in northern Italy). They are the Appenine mountains, which indeed host the laboratories of Gran Sasso, as you correctly pinpointed.
Yeah, I was like "Aaaand we are off to great start... again." x)
Also, buongiorno from your Western, Alps sharing neighbour! ;)
15:00 ohhhh yea. my astronomy/ physics teacher back from when i was in highschool made sure each year that one of THE FIRST THINGS he would tell EVERY class is "its ok to say 'i dont know' BUT ONLY if you make sure to add the word 'yet'..." to this day while im not good when it comes to taking mesurements hence why im not the sort of person to want to go research physics, i LOVE thinking about its concepts and trying to understand and pick apart the general interactions and understand them better as well as use the general to than fine tune some fun with the technical side of shitting around trying out things based on physics concepts and seeing what works and what doesnt. :D
The dark matter conjecture always reminds me of the 'ether' conjecture.
A substance called ether/aether was formerly believed to fill the upper regions of space to explain the propagation of electromagnetic and gravitational forces.
It's sad that so much energy is misdirected into the theory of dark matter, but when all you have is a particle hammer, everything looks like a particle nail.
Kinda ironic that Michelson and Morley will be proven right after all... with some slight adjustment of what the ether is.
but dark matter isn’t explaining electromagnetic forces, only gravitational
@@hgu The point I'm making is that sometimes things are made up to explain stuff.
@@DerNesor What exactly do you mean? Michelson/Morley experiment disproved ether. What do you mean they will be proven right? What did they claim?