Excellent video! I would like to make a couple of points. Napoleon, being first and foremost an artillery office, made an important modification to cannon barrel construction. He noticed that the primertube, which is usually made of brass or copper (sometjmes even hollow quills) are blown out of the vent hole during firing, usually with much force. Occasionally, depending on the angle of the barrel, the spent primertube would hit one of the artillery men, usually in the face causing severe wounds, even to the point of losing an eye. He recommended that , when drilling the hole for the vent, instead of making it a perpendicular 90 degree hole to the bore, simply angle the drilling forwards a few degrees. This way, the spent primer tube is blown forwards of the gun, keeping the crew safer. It wasn't a perfect solution, but it did cut down in needless injuries. The other point was his preference for bronze cannon. Cast iron is fragile. If the gun is dropped on a hard surface it could crack internally. Also, they are subject to over heating (like all guns) and if you attempt to cool them down by quenching with water, it changes the crystal structure of the iron causing a weakness which will lead the cannon to explode. This happened at Fort Ticonderoga. Bronze, though it's expensive has no such problems. They are extremely safe and rugged; with very little maintenance. They almost never explode, with one notable exception. During the American Civil War, a metal foundry in the Confederacy turned out such poor quality bronze cannon, that nobody wanted to crew them. They exploded frequently.
Hollow quills? Not by this point, perhaps the Russians were making those. By the American Civil War wrought iron guns really proved their worth in numbers and accuracy, even some steel-barrel cannon, I almost feel bad for the Confederates in their struggles in even producing technology still inferior than what their enemy had.
For Five years Napoleon attended military schools after boarding school. He attended three schools: Autun aged 9? (where he spent three months and learnt sufficient French to enter military college), the military college at Brienne (where he studied for five years) and the military academy of Paris (1 year). Napoleon was trained as an Artillerist. It was his specialty. He officially entered the French Army at the age of 15 in October of 1784 when he entered Ecole Militaire in Paris as an artillerist. In 1785, at the age of 16, Napoleon graduated from the Ecole Militaire and became a Second Lieutenant in the French Army for artillery. The siege of Toulon was his first battle. Napoleon's greatest victory in my opinion was Austerlitz. December 2nd, 1805. What a soldier he was. That was Napoleon, a professional soldier. Like him or hate him, that's what he was. A successful, intelligent, gifted professional soldier. He had a good run regardless of the eventual outcome. OF course the Grande Armee at the time was outstanding, the best in all of Europe. Napoleon implemented the corps system and refined it. The Grande Armee was created from a 100,000 man force that was previously intended for the canceled invasion of Great Britain. He also had an outstanding number of talented, dependable Field Marshals. On 4 and 6 April 1814, at Fontainebleau, the marshals Ney, Lefebvre, Macdonald and Moncey put pressure on Napoleon to agree to abdicate due to the failed War of the Sixth Coalition. Some historians consider that this was a betrayal. Napoleon was exiled to Elba but 'escaped' and returned to France on February 26th, 1815. Generals Bertrand, Drouot, and Pierre Cambronne, and a force of 600 Imperial Guardsmen of various Regiments (the Barbary Pirates were still active at this time) went with him facilitated his return. (They were joined later by Marshal Berthier’s Aide de Campe, General Charles-Tristan de Montholon.) At Frejus, where Napoleon was to take ship to Elba (the Frigate, HMS Undaunted) he was joined by his sister Pauline. Napoleon’s ‘Mamluk’, Roustam and his valet, Constant, proved ‘inconstant’, and absconded. Napoleon left France with a treasury of 489,000 Francs, to enable him to ‘rule Elba as a monarch. This was supplemented by his treasurer, Peyrusse, sending 2.6 million Francs, and his second wife, Marie-Louise, sending 911,000F One of Napoleon’s abilities was his excellent memory. Upon landing at Portoferraio, Napoleon was met by the expected Guard, and cries of ‘Vive l’Empereur!’. At this point, he spotted and recognised a Sergeant in the crowd. He had given this man the Cross of the Legion d’Honneur for his bravery at Eylau in 1807. Thus the road to Waterloo called the 100 days or the War of the Seventh Coalition. June 18th, 1815 the Battle of Waterloo was fought.
You should have used other battles (which incidentally were Napoleon’s victories) to illustrate your words on his strategy, which used also speed and cavalry. Austerlitz would have been a much better example. Regarding Waterloo, Wellington thought he was close to losing, only saved by Napoleon’s additional troops not only defaulting but also allowing the Prussians to join…
US Civil War cannons are named for Napoleon the THIRD. Not Napoleon Boneparte. During the Crimea war US Observers, like McClellan, observed the French bronze cannons. France was then under N3rd. So when they started making those cannon in the USA they named it Napoleon... for N3rd.
Yeah thanks for pointing that out. This immediarly irked me in this video that they wrote Napoleon wrong on more than one occasion and that they threw the Napoleon cannon together with the 'original' Napoleon making it sound like he designed the cannon. While he was a brilliant battlefield commander and knew how to organize his staff and inspire his men, I dont think he was an outstanding engineer in and by himself. And while he influenced and modernized the organisation of Artillery and it's deployment on the battlefield, he didnt design any cannons.
God, This video is terrible in terms of technical aspects and the comments are even worse. First, the model he used is a fusion of the Gribeauval canon d'12 (note the handles on the barrel) with the M1857 12 pounder cannon-obusier (note the axle), Not only that, but it falls into the old myth that all old cannons were the same and that's why the Napoleonic era cannon was so good that it was used in the Civil War. And finally, none of these cannons participated in the battle of Waterloo, and yes the evolution of the Gribeauval system designated as the pattern of the the Systeme An XI.
The Total War video game taught me that it is usually better to have many small armies instead of one big army which costs too much and can only be at one place at a time. I believe Bonaparte is the best Total War player that has ever lived.
Not in my experience. And I've been playing Total war for years. I build multiple full-sized armies but I only ever have one in the field and then you get a moment. The rest I keep in settlements where they don't cost as much to maintain. It's only when they are on the March that they cost a lot of money. Then I use the army in the field to take settlements and defeat other armies. And if my army is defeated then I can take one of my reserve armies out of the settlements and attack whichever army defeated mine because they will not have enough time to recover. You can also disperse your individual units between settlements but within range of each other so that you can bring them all together to form one large army. And never ever lay siege. You take the settlement or you don't bother. Sieges last too long and your army is still in the field costing you money
Play EU 4 or other paradox games. They're more realistic than total war (albeit without live battles, but 1. That's total wars whole area of expertise and is copyrighted, 2 it's worth simulated battles for the realistic game mechanics.) Tws campaign map and game mechanics are just too underwhelming and boring for me, as someone who already mastered tws highest difficulties.
If you defeat the enemy army all at once in a pitched battle, then yes, you can and should just siege the regions instead of attacking them because you won't lose any soldiers to depletion while waiting for a siege. if you have time, but you must make sure that you thoroughly defeat ALL their main fieled troops. Usually, they will accept unconditional surrender terms if you beat a large army in the field near the settlement. But if you can't beat their armies first, then yeah, like he said, don't wait for a siege, Just conquer it immediately if possible. But if you stomp the enemy, just wait because they need time to recover anyway. Also, while sieging, your units cost the same upkeep as when garrisoned in a settlement if they haven't moved this turn and because of the hidden game mechanics of "pillaging" and how supply lines actually work, also building forts is a good idea, they essentially act like settlements, allowing lower maintenance, cheaper recruitment, and significant defensive bonuses while preventing the enemy from moving nearby until its taken, also effects zone of control, sight range, etc. These are hidden game mechanics that apparently this other guy does not know about. (It's possible that these mechanics are only in the old games like medieval 2 or napoleon or Empire, not sure about the new ones as the mentioned ones are the only ones I play) Hope this helps as well. In the older games I mentioned, I literally know everything about the game mechanics, and I know how to use them to exploit the game and win on very hard every time. Some call it "cheating," I call it being a genius who uses the game rules to beat the game instead of as restrictions to my playing. Think of it more like taking economics before you invest in the stock market (or being martha stewart, lol). I guarantee you that on the older games (unless they patched or updated them), these tactics work every time. Please try it out for yourself. But please note that if they don't work, it's not because I am wrong but because they patched it or an update removed it. I promise I would not make this up, I'm just really good at exploiting game mechanics. I'm literally just trying to help people.
I once played a medieval 2 and empire long campaigns respectively on very hard and won without ever actually losing a single field army because of these exploits. However, just because I'm good at video games and exploiting mechanics doesn't mean I'm a real general because war is not like the games. Just because it worked on the game doesn't mean it's really going to work. But I do know and use accurate military battle tactics when I play, so that helps with the realism, I guess.
Наполеоновские орудия стреляли еще гранатами и картечью. Вместо показа движения войск, нужно было показать применение и действие разных снарядов. Napoleonic guns also fired grenades and grapeshot. Instead of showing the movement of troops, it was necessary to show the use and effect of different shells.
@@MichaelAMVM yep and now imagine if Blücher didn't come to Waterloo at the time and was a bit more late.. Wellingtons career wouldn't be in good condition
Some points: 1) France had a ton of allies as well. A bunch of his army came from minor German states, and even the major powers were allied to him at various times, with the exception of Britain. 2) The "Napoleon" cannon commonly used in the 19th century and especially in the ACW was named after Napoleon III, not Napoleon Buonaparte, 3) The AI badly mispronounced most of the proper names and any word that can't be found in a children's dictionary, and 4) At one point you misspelled *Napoleon*
Great use of animation to explain the function of a cannon and Napoleonic tactics. A few comments on slight errors: 1. when showing the 12 Kingdoms aligned against Napoleon, the exact same flag (Russian) is used for both Russia and Prussia and 2. @ 7:05 the captions identifying the Prussians and the Brits are written out next to the wrong flags. ie. the Union Jack is identified as Blucher's Prussians and the other flag (incorrectly Russian vice Prussian) is identified as Wellington's force.
Nepoleonic era canon is what you described. The "Napoleon" canons used in the american civil war were different and named for Napoleon III, the little corporal's nephew. They were a hybrid howitzer/field gun that fired explosive shells rather than just iron balls.
Thanks to the team for developing this beautiful video with an easily understandable visual representation in the backdrop of lucidly clear voice explanation. Please accept my third contribution as a small token of appreciation. I hope you remember me. My name is N.Clinton
Thanks Clinton for your contribution. We love you guys for your support 🙏🏻. When we started last year we never thought anyone would subscribe to our channel.
Uh, no. Gunpowder does not escape out of the cannon after the pricker is used, they pour a little down the vent hole and leave a little bit on top, then when they touch the gunpowder with a lighted "match" stick, it goes "poof" and goes down the vent hole and THEN it ignites the now pricked gun bag.
I'd like some more details of the types of ammunition used in the cannon. And I would have thought that the cannon-balls would have travelled considerably faster than 250 miles per hour. i know that the intent was for the balls to hit the ground and bounce around causing horrific injuries. Any info on calibres, recoil, ammo used, gunpowder types, portability etc.
This Waterloo campaign narrative totally leaves out the earlier Battle of Ligny, where Napoleon defeated the Prussians under Blucher and forced them to head East, away from Waterloo. No one needed to tell Blucher where the French army was on the day of the Battle of Waterloo, because he had just fought that army two days before, and knew the French would take on the British at Waterloo next. Napoleon erroneously thought the Prussians were on their way home after losing at Ligny, but they had doubled back and hit his right flank in the afternoon of the Waterloo fight. With Wellington holding firm at the French front, and Blucher enveloping his right, Napoleon had little choice but to retire.
A good video. I think it’s missing some details. If I recall correctly, the worm is used prior to the sponge and loading the powder charge to remove any remnants of the powder charge.
Yep, the 'explanation' of the workings of the canon is subpar at best. The person who wrote the script doesn't know enough about this to spot the numerous mistakes. Thinking that the "Napoleon Canon" has anything to do with Napoleon Bonaparte instead of Napoleon III is ludicrous.
6:33 could be wrong - but I don't think the ottomans were ever a part of the coalition with Russians. Because they had a war 1806-1812. Napoleon also wrote in support of the Ottomans crushing the Serb Uprisings as he saw them as under Russian influence
Also. I think you missed one thing; the charge is encased in a metal cage and there is a wooden 'Sabot" in front. When this explodes, the ball goes a long distance, but the wood splinters for very close up death, and the metal twists and breaks into shrapnel pieces for medium range meat bags to absorb.
You're mixing a couple of things here. The "Napoleon gun" used in the American Civil War has nothing to do with Napoleon Bonaparte except the name. It's a US 1857 version of a French field gun designed in 1853, decades after the Napoleonic wars, named "The Emperor's gun" in France and "Napoleon" in the US after the then current emperor of France, Napoleon III.
I loved this video! Maybe I'm just getting old, but there's so much fascinating bits of our shared history to learn about and ponder, yet it feels like fewer and fewer care to do so. Hopefully, I'm just wrong, but I seriously appreciate your content! Especially getting to visualize the process of loading a x-pounder napoleon gun. As bronze was so often used, should an experienced crew keep their piece spitting four rounds per minute, the risk of the bronze simply melting down risked making their gun almost as dangerous to themselves as the enemy. Thanks again for the cool video!
Napoleon was also a very efficient state ruler : he had the genius of solving complicated problems with simple solutions. One good example is the civil code, called code Napoleon, who is still partly in use in France, and has been a model for many civil codes abroad. Among other Napoleon's creations still in use : the French 'departements' (counties), les lycées (high schools), la comédie française, etc
The Russians defeated Napoleon. The Russians burned their cities during the attack, they had to. Napoleon deployed his army in the cold winter. A small part of the soldiers returned.
Indeed, it wasnt just burning shit around, the priority was burning any food storage and destroy water sources. So it wasnt just buildings, it was also damaging soil and whatever the soldiers could use to feed themselves. I dont remember why the Russians did that, i think they were an small army back then or they were hella poor
So, Napoleon divides his troops into 4 groups of 2,500 with each facing a group of 5,000. Then Napoleon (somehow) maneuvers 2,000 each from three of the four groups to attack one of the 5,000 with 8,500 and wins. Question: After 2,000 French troops leave their original spots and abandon 500 French troops facing off against the 5,000 enemy troops, why didn't the three enemy groups with a 10:1 advantage simply wipe out the three French groups that were now severely depleted?
Probably his defense is also very good, which allows him to hold 10:1 disadvantage for a certain amount of time. Second guess is that this is some how hidden from the enemy eyes or the whole maneuver is so fast that he cannot respond properly.
That's the point, right? Consider the Waterloo campaign... Napoleon concentrated roughly 130,000 men in Belgium, leaving much smaller forces facing much stronger enemy armies (Russian, Austrian, German and Italian states, Swiss, Spanish... you name it, I think other than Sweden all of Europe would have invaded France one or two months later) and even so he faced two enemy armies outnumbering him roughly 2:1, and he expected to keep one of them occupied with an smaller force while defeating the other. Both strategically and tactically he relied on smaller forces containing much stronger enemies while he delivered a killing blow with local superiority. And he managed to make this kind of plan work once and again because of two things, first and perhaps most importantly speed; hitting first, hitting hard, keep hitting and moving fast and keeping the enemy unbalanced was essential (remember that any message had to carried by men riding horses and trying to find where the Hell general X and his army had gone since his last report - coordinating the movement of your own forces and knowing where the enemy forces were was HARD) and the other was a clear quality advantage that usually allowed weaker French forces to keep occupied the enemy for some time, avoiding combat if they were too strong, while Napoleon and the main army won a hopefully decisive victory. In other words, the French won while they were able to force their enemy to fight where they were superior while avoiding combat where they themselves were weaker... they not only moved faster and were very aggresive, they also had a general that in his best years was always two steps ahead. Hey, nobody said it was easy... or, as someone said while reviewing a Napoleonic wargame: 'Face facts boys, there was only one Napoleon; and even he managed to screw up in the end'.
Well have you seen smoke that cannon creates. There is no way to tell how many soldiers are there. Plus they were not fighting with swords but muskets with bayonets. 🤣
You don t understand anything if you forget what is a division and who were their commanders... What about the generals and the officiers in the Grande Armée ? A general has his autonomy
It did not work against the British they new about this tactic, so they were made sure every man could fire is musket, via two lines. So instead of the traditional 3 lines which could only bring two thirds of the battalion fire to bear the brits used 100% of their firepower. Also the French used attacking columns that had limited fire power but over whelming numbers, this is why napoleon used his artillery in such a manner, it never worked against he British army. 12 pound cannons were damn hard to move as well but in a static position were deadly.
Napoleon never used such strategy. Is a fact that he splited his army but in frontal confrontation all Corps were reunited to the main confrontation. In the first campaingns his stragy was to encicle the enemy in fast moviments. In the inperial phase, when he was facing a direct confrontation his strategy was deliberate week the flanks to be attacked by the enemy and make a powerfull frontal assalt in the enemy's center.
0:40 he was betrayed by his own soldier who defected on that faithful day? wait a min, is this fact or? because i always thought it was Talleyrand who was the 1
using bronze in a cannon is genius, I work with tools and Ive seen Non sparking impact sockets used in areas where there might be flammable material and those sockets go for thousands of dollars and also made of aluminum-Bronze alloy
My history teacher might be wrong, but he said the only ally Napoleon had was Denmark-Norway. That's crazy, if it's true, that he had 2 allied countries against 12... i kinda wish he got a pardon or something after all that. Also fun fact, WW1 was named WW1 (Technically it was named both "The First World War" and "The War to end all wars") because Britain meant "The Great War" should go to the Napoleonic War. Little did they know at the time that WW2 was right around the corner, but at least they predicted that there would be another World War. (I could write an even longer comment about this, explaining more in detail why they chose to call it "The First World War" instead of "The World War" but long story short, it was at first called "The Great War" but since they didn't want to repeat the mistake of calling a war something that couldn't be topped by name, they decided to name it WW1, Just in case a second one happened)
He had 90 guns in the "Grand Battery" that pounded the Allied lines before the attack of I Corps, but these were mostly 12-pounders. His army at Waterloo had more like 250 guns in total.
So at the battle of Waterloo, his enemies have around 3:1 advantage in troops number, he was betrayed by his own troops and even there is some mistakes of his sub-commanders (as I know) that lead him to this defeat. Which speaks loudly how good he was back then it comes to warfare.
Your figures are incorrect. At Waterloo, the French had approx 72,000 troops (mostly infantry, plus a large cavalry contingent). Opposing him were the allies under Wellington, consisting of one third British and two thirds, Belgian, Dutch and Hanoverian (German), totalling 68,000. These were the main two protagonists for the major part of the battle. The 45,000 Prussians arrived on the field late afternoon, early evening. More important than the numbers of men were the numbers of canon, which caused most casualties. Napoleon had 252 large canon, against Wellington's 156. The main thing about modern history, particularly military, is that precise figures were kept.
Wonderful video and as i said before your channel is the best of the best Architecture, engineering and almost everything the educational and the best source for informations and it's wonderful channel & job Thank you so much 🙏😊 Now in my humble opinion Napoleon defeat began from long time before even Waterloo i mean yes he might be the greatest strategists military commander but the most idiot arrogant the world ever known Paranoia and excessive pride blind him from seeing reality and take him to an imaginary world Making many mistakes, the first of which is colonial expansion He made the same mistake as the Roman Empire Rome was unable to maintain this expansion or its colonies, as it was forced to withdraw from them and abandon some of them Because of its inability to continue in those colonies This happened with Napoleon exactly The defeats suffered by the French army led by Napoleon played a decisive role in ending its legend The defeat he suffered on the walls of Acre Castle at the hands of Al-Zahir Al-Omari, the Ottoman ruler of Acre 🇵🇸✌️ And the liberation of Egypt from his grip at the hands of Muhammad Ali Pasha🇪🇬. And The horrific defeat he suffered in Russia 🇷🇺 🐻 led to his complete exhaustion and exhaustion France, resources, and even no ally or friend left that could help him because that Napoleon should be an example and The lesson learned from Napoleon is that no matter the challenges, No matter how big or powerful your enemy is, regardless of your circumstances and abilities Do not lose hope and continue working, putting in effort and resistance 😉👍 thank you so much 🙏
A precision: armies were not divided to follow ennemie amies. Logistics of those times allows only to move around 30.000 troups together. It was possible to group more only for a short time. So, it wasn't at all a mistake to divide his troups. But Napoléon was better to organize these mouvements...
Well explained how blackpowder artillery worked! Less well understood how empires work... The power you exert equals the power of resistance! That is: when realizing the advance of an "empire", the neighbouring powers will combine to check its hegemony... (carthage, rome, china, german empire... any guesses now?)😂
The oblique order (concentration of more troops in one area compared to the rest) is not napoleons idea. It's existed since at least Alexander the greats time. He just optimized its use to be more compatible for the time period.
Among the 12 nations that had to beat Napoleon and his Bonapartist empire, Prussia was one of them. They were humiliated by Napoleon, and yet, many years later, they humiliated France in the exact same way, albeit taking Paris and Versailles and uniting Germany under Prussian rule
SABOT - the word is French for "shoe," particularly a wooden one==and is pronounced SAY- BOH. It was not unusual to use a bit of rag for wadding between the Charge and Shot. In using the older Linstock ignition, you neglected to pour any gunpowder into the vent, to communicate with the charge in the barrel. After firing, you use a WET Sponge to extinguish any burning debris in the barrel. WHERE Did you learn your black-powder artillery??
Marshall Ney betrayed Napoleon by “accidentally” charging the British with a massive frontal cavalry charge. Imo this was no accident, Ney did this on purpose in order to ensure defeat. Ney wanted to get back at Napoleon for leaving him in Russia
Excellent video! I would like to make a couple of points. Napoleon, being first and foremost an artillery office, made an important modification to cannon barrel construction. He noticed that the primertube, which is usually made of brass or copper (sometjmes even hollow quills) are blown out of the vent hole during firing, usually with much force. Occasionally, depending on the angle of the barrel, the spent primertube would hit one of the artillery men, usually in the face causing severe wounds, even to the point of losing an eye. He recommended that , when drilling the hole for the vent, instead of making it a perpendicular 90 degree hole to the bore, simply angle the drilling forwards a few degrees. This way, the spent primer tube is blown forwards of the gun, keeping the crew safer. It wasn't a perfect solution, but it did cut down in needless injuries.
The other point was his preference for bronze cannon. Cast iron is fragile. If the gun is dropped on a hard surface it could crack internally. Also, they are subject to over heating (like all guns) and if you attempt to cool them down by quenching with water, it changes the crystal structure of the iron causing a weakness which will lead the cannon to explode. This happened at Fort Ticonderoga. Bronze, though it's expensive has no such problems. They are extremely safe and rugged; with very little maintenance. They almost never explode, with one notable exception. During the American Civil War, a metal foundry in the Confederacy turned out such poor quality bronze cannon, that nobody wanted to crew them. They exploded frequently.
Thank you
Inovation?
Hollow quills? Not by this point, perhaps the Russians were making those.
By the American Civil War wrought iron guns really proved their worth in numbers and accuracy, even some steel-barrel cannon, I almost feel bad for the Confederates in their struggles in even producing technology still inferior than what their enemy had.
...Yes?@@benjaminclamote7919
Thank you
For Five years Napoleon attended military schools after boarding school.
He attended three schools: Autun aged 9? (where he spent three months and learnt sufficient French to enter military college), the military college at Brienne (where he studied for five years) and the military academy of Paris (1 year).
Napoleon was trained as an Artillerist. It was his specialty.
He officially entered the French Army at the age of 15 in October of 1784 when he entered Ecole Militaire in Paris as an artillerist.
In 1785, at the age of 16, Napoleon graduated from the Ecole Militaire and became a Second Lieutenant in the French Army for artillery. The siege of Toulon was his first battle.
Napoleon's greatest victory in my opinion was Austerlitz. December 2nd, 1805.
What a soldier he was. That was Napoleon, a professional soldier. Like him or hate him, that's what he was. A successful, intelligent, gifted professional soldier. He had a good run regardless of the eventual outcome.
OF course the Grande Armee at the time was outstanding, the best in all of Europe. Napoleon implemented the corps system and refined it. The Grande Armee was created from a 100,000 man force that was previously intended for the canceled invasion of Great Britain. He also had an outstanding number of talented, dependable Field Marshals.
On 4 and 6 April 1814, at Fontainebleau, the marshals Ney, Lefebvre, Macdonald and Moncey put pressure on Napoleon to agree to abdicate due to the failed War of the Sixth Coalition.
Some historians consider that this was a betrayal.
Napoleon was exiled to Elba but 'escaped' and returned to France on February 26th, 1815.
Generals Bertrand, Drouot, and Pierre Cambronne, and a force of 600 Imperial Guardsmen of various Regiments (the Barbary Pirates were still active at this time) went with him facilitated his return.
(They were joined later by Marshal Berthier’s Aide de Campe, General Charles-Tristan de Montholon.)
At Frejus, where Napoleon was to take ship to Elba (the Frigate, HMS Undaunted) he was joined by his sister Pauline.
Napoleon’s ‘Mamluk’, Roustam and his valet, Constant, proved ‘inconstant’, and absconded.
Napoleon left France with a treasury of 489,000 Francs, to enable him to ‘rule Elba as a monarch. This was supplemented by his treasurer, Peyrusse, sending 2.6 million Francs, and his second wife, Marie-Louise, sending 911,000F
One of Napoleon’s abilities was his excellent memory.
Upon landing at Portoferraio, Napoleon was met by the expected Guard, and cries of ‘Vive l’Empereur!’. At this point, he spotted and recognised a Sergeant in the crowd. He had given this man the Cross of the Legion d’Honneur for his bravery at Eylau in 1807.
Thus the road to Waterloo called the 100 days or the War of the Seventh Coalition. June 18th, 1815 the Battle of Waterloo was fought.
I just know napoleon from meme
Very nice addition from you Vic. Thank you very much.
You should have used other battles (which incidentally were Napoleon’s victories) to illustrate your words on his strategy, which used also speed and cavalry. Austerlitz would have been a much better example.
Regarding Waterloo, Wellington thought he was close to losing, only saved by Napoleon’s additional troops not only defaulting but also allowing the Prussians to join…
Have you ever gave serious consideration in creating your own channel...?
Perhaps this name would do "Just Napoleon"...
Military officers in Europe all used the same fighting strategies. Napoleon knew what to expect from his enemies and how to counter them.
As I understand it, it's called a Napoleon cannon, cuz if you stand at the muzzle end you'll get Blownaparte...
lol
@@specializededucation Thank you, sir!
@@afwalker1921 well deserved i forcefully exhaled through my nose
@@specializededucation Snort!
😀👌👍😄
You accidently used the russian flag for the prussians
and the French flag is flipped at 1:02
To be fair, it is only one letter off lol
@@nothernstar2576 The flag of France used to have red on the left instead of the right
@@caroleansoldier382 only for a short time. During Napoleon's time it already stabilised to blue-white-red
The last 3 minutes sorta drifted away from the title topic, with no mention of the Napoleon cannon.
US Civil War cannons are named for Napoleon the THIRD. Not Napoleon Boneparte. During the Crimea war US Observers, like McClellan, observed the French bronze cannons. France was then under N3rd. So when they started making those cannon in the USA they named it Napoleon... for N3rd.
Yeah thanks for pointing that out. This immediarly irked me in this video that they wrote Napoleon wrong on more than one occasion and that they threw the Napoleon cannon together with the 'original' Napoleon making it sound like he designed the cannon.
While he was a brilliant battlefield commander and knew how to organize his staff and inspire his men, I dont think he was an outstanding engineer in and by himself.
And while he influenced and modernized the organisation of Artillery and it's deployment on the battlefield, he didnt design any cannons.
Then again, Napoleon III only took that name to indicate him being descended from Napoleon.
His own name was Charles-Louis.
@@MajorCoolD the name is gribeauval cannon
God, This video is terrible in terms of technical aspects and the comments are even worse.
First, the model he used is a fusion of the Gribeauval canon d'12 (note the handles on the barrel) with the M1857 12 pounder cannon-obusier (note the axle), Not only that, but it falls into the old myth that all old cannons were the same and that's why the Napoleonic era cannon was so good that it was used in the Civil War.
And finally, none of these cannons participated in the battle of Waterloo, and yes the evolution of the Gribeauval system designated as the pattern of the the Systeme An XI.
The Total War video game taught me that it is usually better to have many small armies instead of one big army which costs too much and can only be at one place at a time. I believe Bonaparte is the best Total War player that has ever lived.
Not in my experience. And I've been playing Total war for years. I build multiple full-sized armies but I only ever have one in the field and then you get a moment. The rest I keep in settlements where they don't cost as much to maintain. It's only when they are on the March that they cost a lot of money. Then I use the army in the field to take settlements and defeat other armies. And if my army is defeated then I can take one of my reserve armies out of the settlements and attack whichever army defeated mine because they will not have enough time to recover. You can also disperse your individual units between settlements but within range of each other so that you can bring them all together to form one large army. And never ever lay siege. You take the settlement or you don't bother. Sieges last too long and your army is still in the field costing you money
Play EU 4 or other paradox games. They're more realistic than total war (albeit without live battles, but 1. That's total wars whole area of expertise and is copyrighted, 2 it's worth simulated battles for the realistic game mechanics.) Tws campaign map and game mechanics are just too underwhelming and boring for me, as someone who already mastered tws highest difficulties.
If you defeat the enemy army all at once in a pitched battle, then yes, you can and should just siege the regions instead of attacking them because you won't lose any soldiers to depletion while waiting for a siege. if you have time, but you must make sure that you thoroughly defeat ALL their main fieled troops. Usually, they will accept unconditional surrender terms if you beat a large army in the field near the settlement. But if you can't beat their armies first, then yeah, like he said, don't wait for a siege, Just conquer it immediately if possible. But if you stomp the enemy, just wait because they need time to recover anyway. Also, while sieging, your units cost the same upkeep as when garrisoned in a settlement if they haven't moved this turn and because of the hidden game mechanics of "pillaging" and how supply lines actually work, also building forts is a good idea, they essentially act like settlements, allowing lower maintenance, cheaper recruitment, and significant defensive bonuses while preventing the enemy from moving nearby until its taken, also effects zone of control, sight range, etc. These are hidden game mechanics that apparently this other guy does not know about. (It's possible that these mechanics are only in the old games like medieval 2 or napoleon or Empire, not sure about the new ones as the mentioned ones are the only ones I play) Hope this helps as well. In the older games I mentioned, I literally know everything about the game mechanics, and I know how to use them to exploit the game and win on very hard every time. Some call it "cheating," I call it being a genius who uses the game rules to beat the game instead of as restrictions to my playing. Think of it more like taking economics before you invest in the stock market (or being martha stewart, lol). I guarantee you that on the older games (unless they patched or updated them), these tactics work every time. Please try it out for yourself. But please note that if they don't work, it's not because I am wrong but because they patched it or an update removed it. I promise I would not make this up, I'm just really good at exploiting game mechanics. I'm literally just trying to help people.
I once played a medieval 2 and empire long campaigns respectively on very hard and won without ever actually losing a single field army because of these exploits. However, just because I'm good at video games and exploiting mechanics doesn't mean I'm a real general because war is not like the games. Just because it worked on the game doesn't mean it's really going to work. But I do know and use accurate military battle tactics when I play, so that helps with the realism, I guess.
Bringing a full stack army to the battlefield is easy.
Maintaining it is a whole different thing.
Наполеоновские орудия стреляли еще гранатами и картечью. Вместо показа движения войск, нужно было показать применение и действие разных снарядов.
Napoleonic guns also fired grenades and grapeshot. Instead of showing the movement of troops, it was necessary to show the use and effect of different shells.
Grape shot was a navy term land artillery it's called Canister
The velocity of a 12 pounder is closer to 1000 mph or 1480 feet per second ( about shotgun speed )---- not 250 mph as stated
I was looking for this comment. 250mph wouldn't take the heavy ass ball very far. lol
Napoleon was finished way before Waterloo, in Russia when he lost his horses.
No, he was finished one year later at Leipzig
@@Moh-dn8dg There wouldn't have been a Leipzig if he had horses.
@@MichaelAMVM yep and now imagine if Blücher didn't come to Waterloo at the time and was a bit more late.. Wellingtons career wouldn't be in good condition
Some points: 1) France had a ton of allies as well. A bunch of his army came from minor German states, and even the major powers were allied to him at various times, with the exception of Britain. 2) The "Napoleon" cannon commonly used in the 19th century and especially in the ACW was named after Napoleon III, not Napoleon Buonaparte, 3) The AI badly mispronounced most of the proper names and any word that can't be found in a children's dictionary, and 4) At one point you misspelled *Napoleon*
also someone REALLY fricked up the Prussian flag...
The Model 1857 Napoleon cannon is the pinnacle of smoothbore artillery technology (field gun, anyway)
All the more reason why AI channels suck
Great use of animation to explain the function of a cannon and Napoleonic tactics. A few comments on slight errors: 1. when showing the 12 Kingdoms aligned against Napoleon, the exact same flag (Russian) is used for both Russia and Prussia and 2. @ 7:05 the captions identifying the Prussians and the Brits are written out next to the wrong flags. ie. the Union Jack is identified as Blucher's Prussians and the other flag (incorrectly Russian vice Prussian) is identified as Wellington's force.
Nepoleonic era canon is what you described. The "Napoleon" canons used in the american civil war were different and named for Napoleon III, the little corporal's nephew. They were a hybrid howitzer/field gun that fired explosive shells rather than just iron balls.
Thanks to the team for developing this beautiful video with an easily understandable visual representation in the backdrop of lucidly clear voice explanation. Please accept my third contribution as a small token of appreciation. I hope you remember me. My name is N.Clinton
Thanks Clinton for your contribution.
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@@Aitelly this guy is so generous
Instructions unclear, mauled by shamblers and runners.
@@FangTheManokit fellow g&b'er
HAHAHAHAHAHHAHAAHAHHAHAHAAH NAWWWWWWWWW RIP BRO
@@insertusername221same
Guts & Blackpowder fans when they see weaponry from the 18th century (Its a Roblox reference!!!!!)
@@thedogmen. yea gnb is just 1800s but zombi so funni when reference to gnb
Uh, no. Gunpowder does not escape out of the cannon after the pricker is used, they pour a little down the vent hole and leave a little bit on top, then when they touch the gunpowder with a lighted "match" stick, it goes "poof" and goes down the vent hole and THEN it ignites the now pricked gun bag.
@@mutteringmale what happens if it's raining?
@@kjhnsn7296 The same thing if it's on a submarine as a deck gun, or in a space ship firing at Klingon raiders.
I'd like some more details of the types of ammunition used in the cannon. And I would have thought that the cannon-balls would have travelled considerably faster than 250 miles per hour. i know that the intent was for the balls to hit the ground and bounce around causing horrific injuries. Any info on calibres, recoil, ammo used, gunpowder types, portability etc.
This Waterloo campaign narrative totally leaves out the earlier Battle of Ligny, where Napoleon defeated the Prussians under Blucher and forced them to head East, away from Waterloo. No one needed to tell Blucher where the French army was on the day of the Battle of Waterloo, because he had just fought that army two days before, and knew the French would take on the British at Waterloo next. Napoleon erroneously thought the Prussians were on their way home after losing at Ligny, but they had doubled back and hit his right flank in the afternoon of the Waterloo fight. With Wellington holding firm at the French front, and Blucher enveloping his right, Napoleon had little choice but to retire.
A good video. I think it’s missing some details. If I recall correctly, the worm is used prior to the sponge and loading the powder charge to remove any remnants of the powder charge.
Yep, the 'explanation' of the workings of the canon is subpar at best. The person who wrote the script doesn't know enough about this to spot the numerous mistakes.
Thinking that the "Napoleon Canon" has anything to do with Napoleon Bonaparte instead of Napoleon III is ludicrous.
6:33 could be wrong - but I don't think the ottomans were ever a part of the coalition with Russians.
Because they had a war 1806-1812.
Napoleon also wrote in support of the Ottomans crushing the Serb
Uprisings as he saw them as under Russian influence
Османы объединялись с русскими во время войны Второй коалиции - флоты действовали вместе в 1799 году
@@sirgray2322 Спасибо, я не знал!
Ottomans have defeated napoleon somewhere near north africa or sum shi
Napolean. Napolean. Napolean. Napolean. Napolean.
Exactly. Amazingly sloppy video!
Человек,торт и коньяк!)))
It's NAPOLEONE. He was Italian, from Tuscany. His parents emigrated to Corsica, and when he was 5 years old, Corsica became French territory.
@@erosgritti5171 Yes, and it's not Napolean?
@@erosgritti5171 bro learn history, corsica was french when Napoleon is born. Stop cry he his not italian
...and that's when the French realized they were better than everybody else!
Great video, thanks, I thoroughly enjoyed it.
Also. I think you missed one thing; the charge is encased in a metal cage and there is a wooden 'Sabot" in front. When this explodes, the ball goes a long distance, but the wood splinters for very close up death, and the metal twists and breaks into shrapnel pieces for medium range meat bags to absorb.
You're mixing a couple of things here. The "Napoleon gun" used in the American Civil War has nothing to do with Napoleon Bonaparte except the name. It's a US 1857 version of a French field gun designed in 1853, decades after the Napoleonic wars, named "The Emperor's gun" in France and "Napoleon" in the US after the then current emperor of France, Napoleon III.
I loved this video! Maybe I'm just getting old, but there's so much fascinating bits of our shared history to learn about and ponder, yet it feels like fewer and fewer care to do so. Hopefully, I'm just wrong, but I seriously appreciate your content! Especially getting to visualize the process of loading a x-pounder napoleon gun. As bronze was so often used, should an experienced crew keep their piece spitting four rounds per minute, the risk of the bronze simply melting down risked making their gun almost as dangerous to themselves as the enemy.
Thanks again for the cool video!
Napoleon was also a very efficient state ruler : he had the genius of solving complicated problems with simple solutions. One good example is the civil code, called code Napoleon, who is still partly in use in France, and has been a model for many civil codes abroad. Among other Napoleon's creations still in use : the French 'departements' (counties), les lycées (high schools), la comédie française, etc
The Russians defeated Napoleon. The Russians burned their cities during the attack, they had to. Napoleon deployed his army in the cold winter. A small part of the soldiers returned.
Indeed, it wasnt just burning shit around, the priority was burning any food storage and destroy water sources. So it wasnt just buildings, it was also damaging soil and whatever the soldiers could use to feed themselves.
I dont remember why the Russians did that, i think they were an small army back then or they were hella poor
This video is better than the movie. Saw it few hours ago
7:04 umm this is correct for Waterloo but not the whole period.
I'd say the main enemy was usually Austria
ok
So, Napoleon divides his troops into 4 groups of 2,500 with each facing a group of 5,000. Then Napoleon (somehow) maneuvers 2,000 each from three of the four groups to attack one of the 5,000 with 8,500 and wins. Question: After 2,000 French troops leave their original spots and abandon 500 French troops facing off against the 5,000 enemy troops, why didn't the three enemy groups with a 10:1 advantage simply wipe out the three French groups that were now severely depleted?
Probably his defense is also very good, which allows him to hold 10:1 disadvantage for a certain amount of time. Second guess is that this is some how hidden from the enemy eyes or the whole maneuver is so fast that he cannot respond properly.
That's the point, right? Consider the Waterloo campaign... Napoleon concentrated roughly 130,000 men in Belgium, leaving much smaller forces facing much stronger enemy armies (Russian, Austrian, German and Italian states, Swiss, Spanish... you name it, I think other than Sweden all of Europe would have invaded France one or two months later) and even so he faced two enemy armies outnumbering him roughly 2:1, and he expected to keep one of them occupied with an smaller force while defeating the other.
Both strategically and tactically he relied on smaller forces containing much stronger enemies while he delivered a killing blow with local superiority. And he managed to make this kind of plan work once and again because of two things, first and perhaps most importantly speed; hitting first, hitting hard, keep hitting and moving fast and keeping the enemy unbalanced was essential (remember that any message had to carried by men riding horses and trying to find where the Hell general X and his army had gone since his last report - coordinating the movement of your own forces and knowing where the enemy forces were was HARD) and the other was a clear quality advantage that usually allowed weaker French forces to keep occupied the enemy for some time, avoiding combat if they were too strong, while Napoleon and the main army won a hopefully decisive victory.
In other words, the French won while they were able to force their enemy to fight where they were superior while avoiding combat where they themselves were weaker... they not only moved faster and were very aggresive, they also had a general that in his best years was always two steps ahead.
Hey, nobody said it was easy... or, as someone said while reviewing a Napoleonic wargame: 'Face facts boys, there was only one Napoleon; and even he managed to screw up in the end'.
Well have you seen smoke that cannon creates. There is no way to tell how many soldiers are there. Plus they were not fighting with swords but muskets with bayonets. 🤣
You don t understand anything if you forget what is a division and who were their commanders...
What about the generals and the officiers in the Grande Armée ?
A general has his autonomy
It did not work against the British they new about this tactic, so they were made sure every man could fire is musket, via two lines. So instead of the traditional 3 lines which could only bring two thirds of the battalion fire to bear the brits used 100% of their firepower. Also the French used attacking columns that had limited fire power but over whelming numbers, this is why napoleon used his artillery in such a manner, it never worked against he British army. 12 pound cannons were damn hard to move as well but in a static position were deadly.
Why does it say "american civil war" at the bottom left at 4:58
Looks like the Prussian Flag shows the Russian Coat of Arms. At 6:48 the Prussian and Russian Flag are identical . The Prussian Flag was black-white.
This was way better than the movie.
Yes, this is how we did it. I was a Napoleonic artillery man. AMA.
What is miles per hour? Is it the same as fathoms per fortnight?
The value they give is wrong anyway (like: way wrong).
So, the unit they used doesn't matter!
He was such great military commander he lost 400.000 men in a invasion of Moscow.
@@nightwing.3378 my thoughts exactly.
Napoleon never used such strategy. Is a fact that he splited his army but in frontal confrontation all Corps were reunited to the main confrontation.
In the first campaingns his stragy was to encicle the enemy in fast moviments.
In the inperial phase, when he was facing a direct confrontation his strategy was deliberate week the flanks to be attacked by the enemy and make a powerfull frontal assalt in the enemy's center.
How about a video on the German 88mm
Napoleon was Genius of Land warfare, not Naval Warfare. That's why French lost all naval battles with UK.
yeah he also never cammand the french fleet
0:40 he was betrayed by his own soldier who defected on that faithful day? wait a min, is this fact or? because i always thought it was Talleyrand who was the 1
Solid work!
thanks john
Interesting video. Napoleon was indeed a master of maneuver.
I'm very impressed , good one !
using bronze in a cannon is genius, I work with tools and Ive seen Non sparking impact sockets used in areas where there might be flammable material and those sockets go for thousands of dollars and also made of aluminum-Bronze alloy
Amazing,enjoy these very much Thank you
Excellent 👍👍
My history teacher might be wrong, but he said the only ally Napoleon had was Denmark-Norway. That's crazy, if it's true, that he had 2 allied countries against 12... i kinda wish he got a pardon or something after all that.
Also fun fact, WW1 was named WW1 (Technically it was named both "The First World War" and "The War to end all wars") because Britain meant "The Great War" should go to the Napoleonic War. Little did they know at the time that WW2 was right around the corner, but at least they predicted that there would be another World War. (I could write an even longer comment about this, explaining more in detail why they chose to call it "The First World War" instead of "The World War" but long story short, it was at first called "The Great War" but since they didn't want to repeat the mistake of calling a war something that couldn't be topped by name, they decided to name it WW1, Just in case a second one happened)
He turned Spain from a possible ally to an enemy. And He was conquering all those other countries except Britain.
Could you guys tell me how millimeter cannon napoleon is?
1:06 "armed to their teeth" 💀
bruh they armed so well
6:25 why does Prussia have the same flag as Russia? That's nit even its flag
What I find amazing is that he had 90 cannons. A single warship would have more fire power than his whole army.
He had 90 guns in the "Grand Battery" that pounded the Allied lines before the attack of I Corps, but these were mostly 12-pounders. His army at Waterloo had more like 250 guns in total.
this is so cool after watching the movie
So at the battle of Waterloo, his enemies have around 3:1 advantage in troops number, he was betrayed by his own troops and even there is some mistakes of his sub-commanders (as I know) that lead him to this defeat. Which speaks loudly how good he was back then it comes to warfare.
Your figures are incorrect. At Waterloo, the French had approx 72,000 troops (mostly infantry, plus a large cavalry contingent). Opposing him were the allies under Wellington, consisting of one third British and two thirds, Belgian, Dutch and Hanoverian (German), totalling 68,000. These were the main two protagonists for the major part of the battle. The 45,000 Prussians arrived on the field late afternoon, early evening. More important than the numbers of men were the numbers of canon, which caused most casualties. Napoleon had 252 large canon, against Wellington's 156. The main thing about modern history, particularly military, is that precise figures were kept.
@@williamsoens9973 Before the prussians arrived, Wellington wanted to retreat. Without their help, Napoléon would won Waterloo
swapped annotations vs flags @ 7:03
(and yes - Russian Imperial flag was used for Prussia)
Great video. Thank you
I very much enjoyed your video and I gave it a Thumbs Up
Wonderful video and as i said before your channel is the best of the best Architecture, engineering and almost everything the educational and the best source for informations and it's wonderful channel & job
Thank you so much 🙏😊
Now in my humble opinion Napoleon defeat began from long time before even Waterloo i mean yes he might be the greatest strategists military commander but the most idiot arrogant the world ever known
Paranoia and excessive pride blind him from seeing reality and take him to an imaginary world Making many mistakes, the first of which is colonial expansion He made the same mistake as the Roman Empire Rome was unable to maintain this expansion or its colonies, as it was forced to withdraw from them and abandon some of them Because of its inability to continue in those colonies This happened with Napoleon exactly
The defeats suffered by the French army led by Napoleon played a decisive role in ending its legend The defeat he suffered on the walls of Acre Castle at the hands of Al-Zahir Al-Omari, the Ottoman ruler of Acre 🇵🇸✌️ And the liberation of Egypt from his grip at the hands of Muhammad Ali Pasha🇪🇬. And The horrific defeat he suffered in Russia 🇷🇺 🐻 led to his complete exhaustion and exhaustion France, resources, and even no ally or friend left that could help him because that Napoleon should be an example and The lesson learned from Napoleon is that no matter the challenges, No matter how big or powerful your enemy is, regardless of your circumstances and abilities Do not lose hope and continue working, putting in effort and resistance 😉👍 thank you so much 🙏
Good video. Wish you went into Wellington’s part a bit more.
Yes,thanks very much
tnxx❤
With this we complete San Sebastian 🗣🗣🔥🔥🔥
Commander Napolean💀
"It was in this moment he knew he fucked up" 😂
also known as the very early Sabot ammo
before the current Sabot ammo uses in tanks and Auto cannons
Cheer~~~a large, heavy piece of artillery, typically mounted on wheels, formerly used in warfare.😊
Thank you
Great job , thank you
Thanks!
Thanks to you too
Napoleon cannon? I would like to see a Napoleon Dynamite
4:10 "Sabot" is pronounced, "say-bow". (The "bow" part sounds exactly like "bow" from bow and arrow.)
Name of battle in The beginning of the video
I am fascinated that Aitelly didn't forget about the meme
Did you seriously misspell Napoleon in a video about Napoleon? 6:05
Yep!
That's the level of "expertise" of this guy.
great video as always, can you make a video about talking about chemical warfare and chemical weapons
Well done
A precision: armies were not divided to follow ennemie amies. Logistics of those times allows only to move around 30.000 troups together. It was possible to group more only for a short time. So, it wasn't at all a mistake to divide his troups.
But Napoléon was better to organize these mouvements...
That's interesting, thank you
Well explained how blackpowder artillery worked! Less well understood how empires work... The power you exert equals the power of resistance! That is: when realizing the advance of an "empire", the neighbouring powers will combine to check its hegemony... (carthage, rome, china, german empire... any guesses now?)😂
Love how he misspelled “Napoleon” at 6:05
The oblique order (concentration of more troops in one area compared to the rest) is not napoleons idea. It's existed since at least Alexander the greats time. He just optimized its use to be more compatible for the time period.
You can also use the explosive powder this cannon uses to make Napoleon Dynamite.
Job well done.
Among the 12 nations that had to beat Napoleon and his Bonapartist empire, Prussia was one of them. They were humiliated by Napoleon, and yet, many years later, they humiliated France in the exact same way, albeit taking Paris and Versailles and uniting Germany under Prussian rule
Good video
Where?
Napoleon Cannon was named after Napoleon II, the nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte who conducted the battles in your clip !!!!!
Revolutionary’s: oh dear, the royalists are rebelling
Napoleon who happen to be near by:
good job
Hi,can you do video about mehmet ii cannon during Constantinople conquest,really appreciate that. And your video is awesome.
Napoleon famously said, "God fights on the side with the best Artillery," which was true, Artillery is very bad ass
SABOT - the word is French for "shoe," particularly a wooden one==and is pronounced SAY- BOH.
It was not unusual to use a bit of rag for wadding between the Charge and Shot.
In using the older Linstock ignition, you neglected to pour any gunpowder into the vent, to communicate with the charge in the barrel.
After firing, you use a WET Sponge to extinguish any burning debris in the barrel.
WHERE Did you learn your black-powder artillery??
Marshall Ney betrayed Napoleon by “accidentally” charging the British with a massive frontal cavalry charge. Imo this was no accident, Ney did this on purpose in order to ensure defeat. Ney wanted to get back at Napoleon for leaving him in Russia
Nothing we can do
You just add 2 cartridge style, one is (gunpowder bag-shot-wax) second is everything fixed together but no wax
How did the author get two Russias?
Nice work!
(An animation of a RR Merlin's super charger and inter-cooler system would be nice. Its what gave a small engine such a big impact in WW2.)
ah the french always retreating
DUNCE
keyboard warrior
d1psh1t
@@AdrianDucao keyboard kid, go learn history
Always Informative... Can't miss your single video . 📈
Dhanyawad 🤝
0:26 thats not the flag of prussia lol
1.2 kw x 5 h = 6 kwh.
Enough for 20 miles.
GOOD IDEA!
Yo, the prussia flag looking sick. I wonder when prussia flag is yellow with that type of monarch eagle 🤔
No recoil?