Points from me on the head butt. My defense sucks and I flinch a lot. So to fix it I headbutt punches to get my nerves in control. Always confuses people :P
In 'A piece of meat,' by Jack London he describes the old boxer breaking his opponent's knuckle on his forehead, just like he broke his own knuckle on an old dude's head years before. Mike brings the old skool maneuvers :)
The elbow defense/offense technique I had actually seen in the 1990s from an Israeli soldier who taught martial arts at a school in Toronto. He was amazingly good at the elbow destructions and that was one of his favorite entries.
@@metrolinamartialarts you know what I remember Randy doing it in an early UFC and at the time he was training with the SBG guys out of Portland who were at the time making the transition from JKD Concepts to MMA gym...
The elbow with a high shield is something we practiced a lot as a "crash" - especially for wide loopy hooks or haymakers. Just dive in like a spear towards the inside of the arm or the chest just shy of the shoulder, then establish the clinch 'course. Love it!
My first question would have been ”well what about the body” with that elbow fang of death, but yeah Mike covered that. He’s actually a really good teacher for a guy who blocks punches with his face. I’m gonna try head-butting a jab next time I soar, wish me luck lads! (as well as the pugilist ladies out there).
if you want to see how boxers from the bare knuckle era/early gloved era "defanged the snake" take a look at the video Anti-Pugilism by Bartitsu Lab, it's a good one. Also since muay thai is born from a mix of muay boran and boxing, I wonder how many of those old boxing techniques have been kept.
Elbow defense is the best there is without gloves on or with MMA gloves honestly. Watch the video on the elbow jab / thrust of Gabriel Varga. You can elbow strike while guarding at the same time, its like wing chun but more defense efficient and only with one arm not two.
Definitely not just in Filipino Martial Arts. I was taught this in Northern Longfist. Method 4 of the "20 Methods" form. We ever going to get Avatar content? The music has me asking 🤣
This is literally my favorite way to crash into clinch is using the elbow like a horn or a spear. It's one of the best defenses against a sucker punch. You just cover, and ram into him with your elbow. The elbow up also protects the other side of my head from punches.
That elbow defense is common in military combatives. I've seen it called a "rhino" guard. Check out SOCP by Greg Thompson. You see it a lot as a foundation for extreme close quarters gun work and weapon retension, so well.
This is super useful and is getting added to my bookmarks. Monday I will start drilling with my coach using the opposite elbows, the head butt and the elbow clinch entry. These are super useful and practical. I use something like these when checking kicks. I tend to cross check and knee them at or just above the side of their knee. This also allows me to rotate my hips and side kick with their weight barring hip being the main target but really anywhere in the general area tends to take their balance.
To be a bit more specific about the checking/knee thing: I mostly use this with the front leg, in an "open guard", and obviously against low kicks. Those things suck so my strategy was to make them less likely to low kick on that side, if they switch stance so I will, by "attacking their weapon" with my knee. My goal is basically to do the obnoxious charley horse thing my older cousin used to do to me as a kid that would sometimes give me freaking dead leg. There is a spot on the inside of the leg just at the top of the knee area but closer to the back of the leg that if we hit right with our knee it could literally cause dead leg and even if we hit the general area right it hurts like mf. A few times of that and they'll start thinking twice about those super powerful low kicks. The hip rotation and side kick is pretty basic and is a lot like a "stabbing teep" but a side kick.
I watched one instructor I trained with spar with one of his students, and she guarded her head like this, and his fist struck dead on her elbow. She dropped to her heels clutching her elbow, and it took about a minute for her to recover, while he laughed it off. Not that this sort of thing isn't usually an effective defense, he just pointed out that he's conditioned his fists enough that if his fist meets her elbow, his fist will win. I think a lot of fighters assume that they don't really need to do hand conditioning because they're wearing gloves, but even in combat sports, I think it can make a huge difference not only in injury prevention, but in tolerating tactics intended to deter your willingness to strike.
@@metrolinamartialarts It was bare knuckle sparring, and he impacted directly on the hard part of her elbow. As far as I could tell, he literally just walloped the bone and left it bruised. Since it was bare knuckle, they weren't trying to hit each other with much force, but sometimes accidental hits like that landed fairly hard. Because most martial artists these days don't seem to do it much, I think a lot of people underestimate how big the difference is between conditioned and unconditioned fists. Your bones and ligaments respond to training as much as muscle. If you don't train your muscles or cardio, would you expect your body to hold up in a fight against someone who does? I think martial artists ought to think of conditioning body parts like the hands and shins in that context.
We call this elbow Destructions, this is rooted in FMA , but used modified way by JKD concepts.. Paul Vunak , back in 80s , 90s pushed this idea.. different from here. In military system used by Seals , its called Rapid Assault Tactics. We have used this for a while , it flows with JKD idea of intercepting. JKD / FMA concepts blend well.
Not only does headbutting the punch relegate the damage to the reinforced skull front, but it also can cut off the last 5-25% of the punch where alot of boxers add in their final power. So if you cut off the last 10% of the punch sometimes you can get rid of maybe 30-40% of the power cuz they werent in their fully extended strike power zone.
Yup. People often think creating more space=safety. This is true at the extreme because if they don’t touch you, you aren’t gonna get hurt. But. Taking away space is another way to not get hurt. And the downside to moving away is you end up at a neutral zone. the benefit to taking away space is: you can go to work immediately.
I use that cover, well a variant of it, for self defense to close and get a clinch. I'll use it in sparring. I call it the 3 c defense. Cover, crash, clinch
After i read the title I'm freakin' excited for the vid! I've dedicated a lot of time to PFS and Kali so i'm curious how you're tiing it together. Let's go
Beautiful. I am addicted to you're content, all of you actually. I am jkd guy as well, and have a buntch of books and dvds from different sifus, this reminds me of Paul Vunak. Oh and Rodney Kings Crazy Monkey Defense
@@sharkparty1027 dude Gabe is a pro fighter who fights in multiple organizations with a lot of championships most people doesn't matter the style would get ate up in a fight or spar with him not to mention Gabe did videos with him and stuff so he obviously got something good going
Interesting this technique and the number of different things each guy was doing looks like stuff I use to do without even thinking about just as a natural re
This guard may be my new guard.. im completely blind in my right eye so theres no point in me not covering it up .. just wondering how i would strike out of it.. any1 got any advice?
I knew it! FMA ideas are universal. Combine JKD, FMA, Muay Thai and Jiu-Jitsu...and you are unstoppable. I'm waiting for your UFC debut, Ed! No one can beat that handsome face...literally! *LOL* ... I joke about that but seriously, I have a girlfriend and I like women and you should move to PA and umm... *oh I got it in there!* But seriously folks, always love your videos. And the awesome guests you have!
Of course! 🥰 Speaking of FMA, have you ever heard of Yaw Yan? Just watched a video on it -- th-cam.com/video/Qm7fyKVJHbQ/w-d-xo.html Very interesting! Edit: I rarely "like" videos--I know it helps the algorithm or whatever. I don't know why I don't, but I'm changing my habits, starting with this video! Thumbs up clicked! Woohoo! Partaaay! 🥳
@@metrolinamartialarts I've done it, I'm 6'1 other guy was slightly taller. The reason was there was a window behind me and I didn't want to go through it, my shoulder did go through it even though I braced. I had the tiniest scratch any other way I feel like I was getting cut a lot more.
@@metrolinamartialarts I was about 20 at my homies coffee shop and I like to show off and this guy was drunk and taking forever to sit down, just hovering over his seat pre-sit. so I pulled his chair out from under him for goofs. Big dude, mid thirties way closer to 200lbs than me. I knew I deserved it so I just ate it. I did make sure he didn't hurt himself on the chair if that counts for anything. He hit me once in a rage and then we were homies.
Hey, Ed, I have a question. I know one of your hands is basically a nub and your missing a finger on the other (Still squirming from your dirty tactic in Mike's dirty fighting video), but I wanted to know what if you have any difficulty putting on gloves on your nub
@@metrolinamartialarts Thanks for answering. I've always been infatuated with fighters who have a physical disability, if you don't mind me calling it that. I'm a Taekwondo student, and I remember seeing an old 60's Taekwondo video, and one of the founders had lost his hand in a war, yet could still fight.
@@metrolinamartialarts Oh, yeah--- I know it's not exclusive to JKD. I come from the Ted Wong lineage and we use elbows/destructions all the time. There's def crossover.
I have a question regarding holding the elbow out pointing to the opponent like that. Especially since it covers the eye on that side, it looks like the body is pretty open. Are you able to see well enough to defend against that, or is it down to using movement to keep them backpedalling so they can't get the balance and distance right for a roundhouse or something?
Put your elbow up Now bring your arm down to cover your body. See how fast that was? Faster than someone can kick you. Every time there is a technique shown, someone will point out a ‘gap’. Unfortunately we have only 4 limbs, so there will always be something temporarily open.
@@RAPEDBYBLACKS Ordinarily yeah, but my point is if the elbow being up blocks vision to that eye, would you see the attack come in to block it, and is movement enough to mitigate that possibility. Not being That Guy, just making sure I'm getting it. I don't train anymore but I write, so wanted to make sure ^_^
This reminds me of that one chinese (i think?) fighter who used the iron face technique where he used the crown of his forehead to intercept punches and would discourage his opponents if i find the vid i saw ill edit and add the video title Edit: Yi Long is the fighters name. RAMSEY DEWEY posted a fantastic video on the technique check it out. “Yi Long Iron Head technique and why modern combat athletes should pay attention”
@@metrolinamartialarts its always awesome to see athletes thousands of miles away figuring out the same (or similar) ways to deal with situations in combat
The whole block with your forehead thing Icy Mike showed. Bas rutten has a story of doing that to a sparring partner going to hard. They broke there hand.
I’m sorry but hard2hurt knows very little about stand up striking. I used to think he was just old but it’s the way he analyzes fighting like a novice that exposed him. Brother your an amazing business man and 2x as successful in life as me. But you really need to dive in to the intricacies of striking (especially boxing)
Wow... this was a great idea for a video! It was a smart way to tie everyone's background together.
Yeah, brother. Thanks for everything 🙏🙏🙏
Points from me on the head butt. My defense sucks and I flinch a lot. So to fix it I headbutt punches to get my nerves in control. Always confuses people :P
@@tnktsinik btw. Bro don’t try that agasint anyone good lol
@@tnktsinik btw. Bro don’t try that agasint anyone good lol
@@timhughes3684 Why not? I might want brain damage
In 'A piece of meat,' by Jack London he describes the old boxer breaking his opponent's knuckle on his forehead, just like he broke his own knuckle on an old dude's head years before. Mike brings the old skool maneuvers :)
Real old school
The elbow defense/offense technique I had actually seen in the 1990s from an Israeli soldier who taught martial arts at a school in Toronto. He was amazingly good at the elbow destructions and that was one of his favorite entries.
I remember seeing it Randy Couture vs Gabe Gonzaga - with Randy using it defensively.
Glad to see it still around
@@metrolinamartialarts you know what I remember Randy doing it in an early UFC and at the time he was training with the SBG guys out of Portland who were at the time making the transition from JKD Concepts to MMA gym...
@@ianbrewster8934 everything old is new again
@@RAPEDBYBLACKS true dat
And Marciano Vs Archie Moore. Moore lost the fight but you see it a lot from him
There is too much knowledge coming from this meet up you guys had. I'm shocked(yet very thankful) this all is free
Hahaha thanks so much for watching
shhhh don't call too much attention to it being free
It is great that it’s free for us to watch but videos are monetised (not criticising)
The elbow spear entry looks a lot like some of the stuff from very early boxing where gloves where smaller or non-existent. Great video.
Thanks for watching!!
It’s very batman!🥷🏻🦇🦇🦾🥊💜
The elbow with a high shield is something we practiced a lot as a "crash" - especially for wide loopy hooks or haymakers. Just dive in like a spear towards the inside of the arm or the chest just shy of the shoulder, then establish the clinch 'course. Love it!
The crash is a great name for it!
Coach it is me ronaldo and that is the best vidio cause it helps uther peapole lurn how to defend their selves
Thanks Ronaldo!!!
Interesting elbow technique.
Coming from a karate background where empi techniques are a thing this are a really clever move.
Thanks for watching!
So that's what that bajiquan elbow is for...
Today we learned
My first question would have been ”well what about the body” with that elbow fang of death, but yeah Mike covered that. He’s actually a really good teacher for a guy who blocks punches with his face.
I’m gonna try head-butting a jab next time I soar, wish me luck lads! (as well as the pugilist ladies out there).
Report back your findings! Lol
if you want to see how boxers from the bare knuckle era/early gloved era "defanged the snake" take a look at the video Anti-Pugilism by Bartitsu Lab, it's a good one. Also since muay thai is born from a mix of muay boran and boxing, I wonder how many of those old boxing techniques have been kept.
Yeah, that's a good question
Elbow defense is the best there is without gloves on or with MMA gloves honestly.
Watch the video on the elbow jab / thrust of Gabriel Varga. You can elbow strike while guarding at the same time, its like wing chun but more defense efficient and only with one arm not two.
If you wanna learn more about defending GOOD watch Dustin Porier fight, he is a shell king. Gabriel Varga is also extremely good at shelling up.
@@ElDrHouse2010 I mean, Gabe is in this video so it makes sense lol 😆 😂
Definitely not just in Filipino Martial Arts. I was taught this in Northern Longfist. Method 4 of the "20 Methods" form. We ever going to get Avatar content? The music has me asking 🤣
Nice!
Ah j'adore les videos comme ça,là c'est des choses et des opinions très importantes pour les bastons,mec et merci à tes potes 👍👍👍
Dang, that was a really good video with lots of info jam packed into it. Good job man
Thanks for watching!!
Awesome 👏🏽 Awesome 👏🏽
Thank - You
Thank you for watching!
This is literally my favorite way to crash into clinch is using the elbow like a horn or a spear. It's one of the best defenses against a sucker punch. You just cover, and ram into him with your elbow. The elbow up also protects the other side of my head from punches.
That elbow defense is common in military combatives. I've seen it called a "rhino" guard. Check out SOCP by Greg Thompson.
You see it a lot as a foundation for extreme close quarters gun work and weapon retension, so well.
Makes sense
Great video! I really enjoyed seeing all these takes on this concept.
Thanks so much!!
This is super useful and is getting added to my bookmarks. Monday I will start drilling with my coach using the opposite elbows, the head butt and the elbow clinch entry. These are super useful and practical. I use something like these when checking kicks. I tend to cross check and knee them at or just above the side of their knee. This also allows me to rotate my hips and side kick with their weight barring hip being the main target but really anywhere in the general area tends to take their balance.
To be a bit more specific about the checking/knee thing: I mostly use this with the front leg, in an "open guard", and obviously against low kicks. Those things suck so my strategy was to make them less likely to low kick on that side, if they switch stance so I will, by "attacking their weapon" with my knee. My goal is basically to do the obnoxious charley horse thing my older cousin used to do to me as a kid that would sometimes give me freaking dead leg. There is a spot on the inside of the leg just at the top of the knee area but closer to the back of the leg that if we hit right with our knee it could literally cause dead leg and even if we hit the general area right it hurts like mf. A few times of that and they'll start thinking twice about those super powerful low kicks. The hip rotation and side kick is pretty basic and is a lot like a "stabbing teep" but a side kick.
Ooo Jared had some good points there
He Def did!
Great stuff and I'm watching instead of doing work. That's dedication. 😆
Haha thanks!
That entry looks very similar to the bull entry in lethwei. Dave Leduc talks about it on his channel. Great video guys! As always love the content.
Thanks for watching!!
That elbow to closing in is also a bajiquan move to enter takedown I think
That's cool
I watched one instructor I trained with spar with one of his students, and she guarded her head like this, and his fist struck dead on her elbow. She dropped to her heels clutching her elbow, and it took about a minute for her to recover, while he laughed it off. Not that this sort of thing isn't usually an effective defense, he just pointed out that he's conditioned his fists enough that if his fist meets her elbow, his fist will win. I think a lot of fighters assume that they don't really need to do hand conditioning because they're wearing gloves, but even in combat sports, I think it can make a huge difference not only in injury prevention, but in tolerating tactics intended to deter your willingness to strike.
Interesting. Maybe hit her funny bone?
@@metrolinamartialarts It was bare knuckle sparring, and he impacted directly on the hard part of her elbow. As far as I could tell, he literally just walloped the bone and left it bruised. Since it was bare knuckle, they weren't trying to hit each other with much force, but sometimes accidental hits like that landed fairly hard.
Because most martial artists these days don't seem to do it much, I think a lot of people underestimate how big the difference is between conditioned and unconditioned fists. Your bones and ligaments respond to training as much as muscle. If you don't train your muscles or cardio, would you expect your body to hold up in a fight against someone who does? I think martial artists ought to think of conditioning body parts like the hands and shins in that context.
We call this elbow Destructions, this is rooted in FMA , but used modified way by JKD concepts.. Paul Vunak , back in 80s , 90s pushed this idea.. different from here. In military system used by Seals , its called Rapid Assault Tactics.
We have used this for a while , it flows with JKD idea of intercepting. JKD / FMA concepts blend well.
Very familiar with it! Uncle Vu is a pioneer on a lot of this blending
Not only does headbutting the punch relegate the damage to the reinforced skull front, but it also can cut off the last 5-25% of the punch where alot of boxers add in their final power. So if you cut off the last 10% of the punch sometimes you can get rid of maybe 30-40% of the power cuz they werent in their fully extended strike power zone.
Yup. People often think creating more space=safety. This is true at the extreme because if they don’t touch you, you aren’t gonna get hurt. But. Taking away space is another way to not get hurt. And the downside to moving away is you end up at a neutral zone. the benefit to taking away space is: you can go to work immediately.
Tend to agree here! Good points
I use that cover, well a variant of it, for self defense to close and get a clinch. I'll use it in sparring. I call it the 3 c defense. Cover, crash, clinch
Nice
@@metrolinamartialarts it's the one semi cool name I've come up so I'm proud of it haha
Nice, In Muay Thai, we called this Elbow technique “Tad Mala” it’s both defense and offense.
Oh very cool!!
I concur
After i read the title I'm freakin' excited for the vid! I've dedicated a lot of time to PFS and Kali so i'm curious how you're tiing it together. Let's go
I call those invasion elbows my "Bull Horns"
Nice
#hard2hurt and DEFANG THE SNAKE. ✅🐉nice. Very interesting and intelligent take on that technique.
Thanks!!!
Beautiful. I am addicted to you're content, all of you actually. I am jkd guy as well, and have a buntch of books and dvds from different sifus, this reminds me of Paul Vunak. Oh and Rodney Kings Crazy Monkey Defense
Very much so!
Gabe beat the crap out of this JKD guy in sparring. Of everyone, JKD guy was the most useless vs Gabe. Let that sink in.
@@sharkparty1027 of everyone? Lol ok buddy
@@sharkparty1027 dude Gabe is a pro fighter who fights in multiple organizations with a lot of championships most people doesn't matter the style would get ate up in a fight or spar with him not to mention Gabe did videos with him and stuff so he obviously got something good going
Interesting this technique and the number of different things each guy was doing looks like stuff I use to do without even thinking about just as a natural re
Reaction during sparring
That's awesome
Kudo has entered the chat. Kudo has opened a private conversation with icy mike
The blocks for body blows resemble karate blocks
Gabriel thinking like Batman in The Dark Knight
Haha yeah he is
WOW been waiting for you to discuss this 😃
Thanks much!!
Bareknuckle boxing had some elbow techniques dangerous for the opponent’s hands.
100% no padding can f your hand up
This guard may be my new guard.. im completely blind in my right eye so theres no point in me not covering it up .. just wondering how i would strike out of it.. any1 got any advice?
Get close, throw some punches, knees. Experiment
ramon dekkers uses this guard.
Joe lewis and jerry rhome taught us this in the 80s
Nice!!
I knew it! FMA ideas are universal. Combine JKD, FMA, Muay Thai and Jiu-Jitsu...and you are unstoppable. I'm waiting for your UFC debut, Ed! No one can beat that handsome face...literally! *LOL* ... I joke about that but seriously, I have a girlfriend and I like women and you should move to PA and umm... *oh I got it in there!* But seriously folks, always love your videos. And the awesome guests you have!
Lol as always thanks for watching 🤣🤣
Of course! 🥰 Speaking of FMA, have you ever heard of Yaw Yan? Just watched a video on it -- th-cam.com/video/Qm7fyKVJHbQ/w-d-xo.html Very interesting!
Edit: I rarely "like" videos--I know it helps the algorithm or whatever. I don't know why I don't, but I'm changing my habits, starting with this video! Thumbs up clicked! Woohoo! Partaaay! 🥳
The elbow technique is called the spear.
I think that's a good name
#metrolinamartialarts ✅💯that was a good one.
Is that Legend of Korra in the background???
Good ear!
That the avatar music in the background?
Good ear!
this is supposedly how Donnie Yen accidentally broke Mike Tyson's fist on the set of Ip Man 3 lol
Oh dang lol
As usual I think Mikes stuff works. You really can eat shots pretty easy if you try to dome them like that.
Yeah, he has solid stuff. Plus he's shorter so it's a bit easier.
@@metrolinamartialarts I've done it, I'm 6'1 other guy was slightly taller. The reason was there was a window behind me and I didn't want to go through it, my shoulder did go through it even though I braced. I had the tiniest scratch any other way I feel like I was getting cut a lot more.
@@ComicusFreemanius oh wow
@@metrolinamartialarts I was about 20 at my homies coffee shop and I like to show off and this guy was drunk and taking forever to sit down, just hovering over his seat pre-sit. so I pulled his chair out from under him for goofs. Big dude, mid thirties way closer to 200lbs than me. I knew I deserved it so I just ate it. I did make sure he didn't hurt himself on the chair if that counts for anything. He hit me once in a rage and then we were homies.
Hey, Ed, I have a question. I know one of your hands is basically a nub and your missing a finger on the other (Still squirming from your dirty tactic in Mike's dirty fighting video), but I wanted to know what if you have any difficulty putting on gloves on your nub
It's not bad - the folds in the Finger pocket well.
@@metrolinamartialarts
Thanks for answering. I've always been infatuated with fighters who have a physical disability, if you don't mind me calling it that. I'm a Taekwondo student, and I remember seeing an old 60's Taekwondo video, and one of the founders had lost his hand in a war, yet could still fight.
Mike's an expert at "breaking game" lol... totally unexpected but great move!
For sure
We do this in JKD though 🧐
But it's not exclusive to JKD - and due to Guro Dan's influence on FMA and JKD there's bound to be cross over
@@metrolinamartialarts Oh, yeah--- I know it's not exclusive to JKD. I come from the Ted Wong lineage and we use elbows/destructions all the time. There's def crossover.
I have a question regarding holding the elbow out pointing to the opponent like that. Especially since it covers the eye on that side, it looks like the body is pretty open. Are you able to see well enough to defend against that, or is it down to using movement to keep them backpedalling so they can't get the balance and distance right for a roundhouse or something?
Put your elbow up
Now bring your arm down to cover your body. See how fast that was? Faster than someone can kick you.
Every time there is a technique shown, someone will point out a ‘gap’. Unfortunately we have only 4 limbs, so there will always be something temporarily open.
The crashing in should stifle it
@@RAPEDBYBLACKS Ordinarily yeah, but my point is if the elbow being up blocks vision to that eye, would you see the attack come in to block it, and is movement enough to mitigate that possibility. Not being That Guy, just making sure I'm getting it. I don't train anymore but I write, so wanted to make sure ^_^
@@Shindai I can tell you don’t train
This reminds me of that one chinese (i think?) fighter who used the iron face technique where he used the crown of his forehead to intercept punches and would discourage his opponents if i find the vid i saw ill edit and add the video title
Edit: Yi Long is the fighters name. RAMSEY DEWEY posted a fantastic video on the technique check it out. “Yi Long Iron Head technique and why modern combat athletes should pay attention”
That's very similar!!
@@metrolinamartialarts its always awesome to see athletes thousands of miles away figuring out the same (or similar) ways to deal with situations in combat
Nice
Thanks!
I block naturally like this
Nice!
"the rhino"
🦄?
The whole block with your forehead thing Icy Mike showed. Bas rutten has a story of doing that to a sparring partner going to hard. They broke there hand.
Yeah dude it sucks
Great video, background music was kinda overkill
Thanks for watching!
Bruce Lee taught me this
If someone does this, just go for a body shot or kick.
That's if they already showed their cards and didn't hurt em. But yeah to avoid it definitely mix it up
defang the snake & deflect the gay
😅🤣🤣
I’m sorry but hard2hurt knows very little about stand up striking. I used to think he was just old but it’s the way he analyzes fighting like a novice that exposed him.
Brother your an amazing business man and 2x as successful in life as me. But you really need to dive in to the intricacies of striking (especially boxing)
What he said about using the elbow as a weapon is just ridiculous.
Talk a big game for a guy with no videos and the most generic name ever. Thanks for your input Tom no body asked. 👍