Building The 5-Axis CNC Machine in a Small Room: A DIY Journey. (part1)
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 19 มิ.ย. 2024
- #DIY#CNC#5axis#Awesome_CNC_Freek
Join me on a unique journey as I embark on the creation of a new 5-axis CNC machine from scratch. This series of videos promises to be an intriguing blend of craftsmanship, engineering, and determination, offering valuable insights for those interested in building their own machine tools.
Despite being in a regular room with no dedicated machinery or workshop space, I am confident about this project. Why? Because I have built a CNC machine and a CNC lathe in this very room before. This time, I'm upping the game by constructing a new 5-axis CNC machine - a challenge I'm eagerly looking forward to.
The focus of the first episode is the conceptualization and design of the machine. I believe in breaking away from convention and designing in a way that serves my needs best. The entire design process has been well-thought-out, with a strong focus on cost-effectiveness, improved machining speed, noise reduction, rigidity, and lightweight construction. This, I believe, will help those of you who are planning to build your own machines and are likely to face similar challenges.
The new 5-axis CNC machine is designed to be compact, lightweight, and powerful. Despite the limited space, I have managed to optimise the machine to fit within a 40 cubic centimeter area, which is remarkable. I aim to make the best use of the available space by creatively thinking through the machine's design.
A significant highlight of my design is the incorporation of a simple coolant system. Rather than going for a complex setup, I decided to drip the minimum amount of coolant required. This strategy, along with the 45-degree angle of the spindle, allows for better control of the coolant and ultimately leads to a more compact and efficient machine.
Besides the unique design of the machine, what makes this project intriguing is the fact that I am creating this machine with limited tools. I believe in making the best use of what I have, and my journey is proof that you too can build a machine tool from the comfort of your home.
I invite you to be a part of my project. Subscribe to my channel to stay updated on my progress, and if you're feeling generous, consider becoming a member to support my work. As a member, your name will appear at the end of the videos as a Patron, making you a part of this exciting journey. Stay tuned for more updates, and I'll see you soon in the next video where I will focus on the spindle unit.
Building The 5-Axis CNC Machine in a Small Room: A DIY Journey.
part1 Design • Building The 5-Axis CN...
part2 Design • Building The 5-Axis CN...
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Cooling can be done with alcohol mist (technical alcohol) (see DATRON company) or alcohol-oil mist
Thanks for the advice.
However, I am a bit afraid of highly flammable alcohol.
Because this machine of mine is used in a closet and it would be horrible if it ignites.
Can’t wait to see how it comes together
I'm waiting for your new project, I'm sure it will be very successful!
Спасибо! Очень интересная задумка! Будем ждать результатов с нетерпением!
a small tray under the cutting table would be very handy. in order to clean the chips quickly it will be necessary to place a tray . maybe the tray will also allow more coolant flow. sometimes temperatures above 100degrees Celsius can warp metals and even if it helps evaporate coolant the downside is warping , if precision parts are necessary. anyways i'm on the hype train and cant wait to see the next episode.
Thanks for your interest.
I agree with your opinion.
I think this design has some disadvantages, but I aimed for maximum effect under limited conditions.
There are a lot of things we won't know until it's completed.
If you plan to machine steel with this 24k spindle - you are run into the web of troubles. At first theese spindles has a very small torque at the low rpm, usually 10-12k is their usable minimum. You can solve it, partially, see the youtube vids, where people tune their VFD to give more amps at low speeds; thus work, but lead to enourmous heat production by the spindle core, so you can do this (I've almost done) by providing a great amount of coolant to the spindle, and make/buy a special chiller to keep coolant cold, because spindle, working in described conditions produces really much heat. The second big trouble will be spindle bearings. Theese spindles, they are built for speed, not for heavy duty. Usually they have 2 pairs of small bearings, sometimes none of them are real spindle bearings, which can take some torque on them. When you are machining something soft, including alu, you will not suffer much from this, but machining steel will kill bearings in such spindles very fast. Some of theese spindles has ceramic, special torque bearings inside, so they will last longer on steel. Maybe it's not too late for you to change your mind and choose another spindle for your new machine??
I have received similar comments from others.
Indeed, I am concerned.
I chose this motor because a larger spindle motor would not fit in the soundproof bock.
The end mill is supposed to be 3mm, so I am not sure if the load will be that great.
I have already purchased the motor, so I'll give it a try anyway.
Nice ideas. I hope you succeed. 5axis is more that most of us need but your ideas are great for 3axis machines as well.
Since you are working in a closed box you have a added opportunity to recover the coolant. Providing a cold finger, over a basin should condense most of the coolant as the amount of vapour in the box will become high. Depending on what is cheapest you could use a Joule-Thompson cooler with a compressed nitrogen or air cylinder, a Sterling heat pump, a supply of dry ice or liquid nitrogen, a repurposed small desktop ice cube maker or even a Peltier effect dehumidifier. Only the cold finger has to extend into the soundproof box so it will not take away working volume.
Thanks for the advice.
There are probably several ways to deal with the steam during processing.
I am trying to come up with the simplest solution possible.
I will decide on a specific method once I am able to do the processing.
Очень интересная идея. Подписался, с большим удовольствием буду смотреть. Сам токарь, фрезеровщик и инженер недоучка. Жаль мой отец не дожил до наших дней. Он спец по электронике был, вручную платы делал для разных проектов. Нынешнее изобилие полупроводников и людей создающих из них невероятные вещи его бы очень порадовало.
I am very excited about this new project!
thanks
is great to see you are back again
It has been a long time since I have posted, but I think I have started an interesting project.
I myself have no idea how this machine will turn out in the end, as I will continue to tweak the design and add new ideas.
Please look forward to it.
Crazy , good luck !
楽しみにしています!
スーパーサンクスありがとう。応援してくれて嬉しいです。
次の動画も頑張ります。
@@a-cnc-f 潤滑油の刷毛(つまみ)にでも使ってくださいlol
Accessebility will be pain in the ass on this design. But cute one.
Very interesting design! I'd love to see it come to life!
I would highly recommend going all the way full blast with coolant. I work in a machine shop with a HAAS VF6ss, a UMC1000, and a TL1. If you have any amount of coolant on your workpiece, and I mean even a drop that you can't see, your chips will stick, and wont fall down naturally. Not using coolant to remove chips and letting them fall on their own won't work when your milling a pocket, or when at a 45 degree angle.
To solve the space issue, I have a possible solution:
Remove the existing soundproof box, but keep the materials. Use the same outer dimensions. Make an inner box out of aluminum sheetmetal, put a removeable mesh over it to keep the chips out, and have the bottom shaped to collect coolant to a single point. Run the flow from the tray to a resevoir, then to a pump, and then back up to your nozzle. When you go to install the inner box, pack the space between the two layers with soundproofing material.
Thanks for the advice.
I think you are right, using enough coolant has a lot of merit.
However, my machine is more about downsizing.
I also try to keep it lightweight.
The more complicated the structure, the more likely it is to fail.
Self-built machines are easy to cause various problems, so maintenance needs to be easy to do.
I want to make the most effective system with the simplest possible structure.
@@a-cnc-f
You make a fair point about your size and compexity constraints. You're a lot more sensible then me in that regard, as I would just make something that fills up my entire garage, and then complain about a lack of space and an empty wallet.
Yes very good project. Hello from France.
Nice, looking forward!
OMG, I really hope this is a complete series. There are people who made their own cnc 3 axis and now want to upgrade. I made it till the 4th axis. I whould really love to make my own cnc 5 axis. I think most difficult part is the electronic and its firmware. I hope it is as easy as 3axis o 3D printers.
Very interesting design, as always. I'm concerned about the fact that the largest mass in motion is acting as a driver for the entire cantilevered assembly to behave like a giant oscillator. Any sort of brace that completes the triangle from the upper edge above the trunnion down to the base will improve this effect exponentially. Hope you will keep this in mind if it starts vibrating unexpectedly. Good luck!
BONUS
I am really looking forward to this series! I love the thought you put into the design constructs. Bell notification is on!
Interesting design. Looking forward to the build.
A square hole in the table and a big distance between linear bearings - this is absolutely genius
Fascinating design, thanks for documenting your project
You earned my membership
Thank you for joining my channel membership.
I will do my best to live up to your expectations.
Makinenin bitmesini merakla bekliyor olacağım.
Wow, very interesting
Very interesting, and yes please show the full build and creation process! Interesting choice the 24000 rpm spindle, I would've guessed you would use a low rpm constant torque spindle because your main goal is to machine steel. You could use short single flute cutters at around 12k-14k rpm which should provide enough power from the 24k rpm spindle assuming it's 1.5+KW.
I think this is a very smartly designed machine, really impressive and I do think it's going to work!
I guess running a compressor in your apartment isn't going to work as they produce too much noise. That's what I use to run coolant and airblast (mistbuster style) to the workpiece and cutting zone. I'm not constrained by noise and space much though. But I don't have access to industrial tools either aside from my diy 750x1500x200mm build space cnc, a drill press, angle grinder, diy 3D printer and bandsaw. I love building machines and am considering building a smaller much more rigid one for machining small steel parts with a high torque low rpm spindle, possibly a toolchanger. 5 axis would be nice.
I'm also interested in how you do 5 axis cam, how to set it up for your machine etc. Do you use free software or licensed something that's affordable?
ありがとうござました！
Thanks for your interest.
Several people have commented on the spindle selection.
I didn't insist on 24k, but this spindle was the largest size spindle that could be used for machines under 400mm square.
Since I consider 3mm to be the main end mill we use, we thought it would be sufficient torque.
You seem to be the same kind of person as I am.
As for CAD and CAM, I think the FUSION360 is the best, but the problem is that you have to use a paid subs.
As a solution, I try to make original G-code and produce programs without using CAM.
I wish there was a CAM that was free and supported 5 axes.
@@a-cnc-f Hi, great little project, will be following along. I recently bought a CAM program that does up to 5-axis ... Desk Proto from the UK. They have a hobby license which is priced at 248 Euros, about 25% of the full license price. I bought it because I'm planning on adding single and dual rotary axes to my Carbide3D Shapeoko 5 Pro CNC Router, but first I am putting together the motion control electronics from Vital Systems ... the 6-axis HiCon Integra controller. I have already purchased the Mach4 software program. I can't use the supplied Carbide Motion control program because it is limited to 3-axis motion (because of GRBL). Cheers.
Sorry, I missed your reply.
Thanks for the promising information.
I was quite seriously looking for CAM software that supports 5-axis.
There are a lot of excellent software out there, but they are all very expensive and I was having a hard time finding the right one.
If it supports 5 axes at this price, it seems to be worth the purchase.
@@a-cnc-f That's also very impressive to be able to write raw 5 axis gcode! I understand your choice of spindle now thanks! I use 4mm because they break a little less often. And 6mm for larger pockets in wood.
Waiting !
One feature that I like about the PocketNC is that the C axis is based around an ER40 collet. it makes work and fixture holding very adaptable.
You are an active member of the linuxcnc forum?
I remember you from your picture.
I really admire people like you who have a wealth of knowledge and are willing to share it.
I am honored that you are interested in my project.
By the way, regarding the ER40, I was thinking of copying PocketNC, but I wanted to make the C-axis as thin as possible, so I decided not to use a collet.
However, I am planning to make a fixture to fix the collet using an angle.
@@a-cnc-f Because of your ingenious geometry, the C axis can be thick in the middle and thin at the sides.
Also, it would be unusual, but the collet could be reversed, with the thin end towards the spindle, if that helps the design.
The inverted nuts, as used by Pocket NC, also would help. I used the same style here: th-cam.com/video/fym44wESy8U/w-d-xo.html
Sorry.
I didn't realize this message was blocked.
I watched your video.
It is wonderful.
The C-axis of my machine is 35mm thick and I need to put the worm wheel and bearing inside the φ100mm.
With a cross bearing, maybe it is possible.
I still have some time before I start making the c-axis, so I will think about it again.
Very cool design. Well done! 👍
Deseo ver la parte de calibración de esta super cnc☺️👌
I will eventually post a parts list on my blog.
I like the unconventional approach, good luck
Жде́м продолжение!!!
For cooling I suggest repurposing a cheap airbrush. You can use a powerfull airblast and set the needle to deliver very minimal quantity of coolant (oil or even alcohol, much cleaner). You will be amazed to how far you can go with only some drops of coolant.
I think it is very effective to use air and mist oil to cool, remove cutting chips, and lubricate as you suggest.
However, I will be using this machine in a normal room and I don't want to fill the room with oil mist.
Also, it requires the use of a compressor, which is a large piece of equipment.
Another problem is that it is technically more difficult to reliably mist the oil.
However, your suggestion is very effective and may be the best method under the right circumstances.
Wouldn't there be a chance of the alcohol igniting if the temperature got too high?
I too think alcohol is dangerous. Especially since my soundproof box is located in a closet and a lot of my clothes hang on the top side.
If it ignites it would be horrible.
@@a-cnc-f If you vent some Nitrogen into the build box you would have almost no fire risk while the box is closed. I made a comment above detailing ways to recover the lubricant and having alcohol as an option is good because it is not messy. Using N2 JT or LN cold finger would both provide nitrogen to displace air from the box.
Mr. Ford has used the same approach in his Ford T putting the gas tank above the engine in order to use gravity and natural flow + save money on a gas pump( which was one of the most expensive components at that time). During the public demo of his vehicle the backing up of a hill was required to get fuel. 😁😁
I didn't know it had that idea in your car.
@@a-cnc-f Well, it's not my car. Ford T was the first success of Ford( 110+ years ago) and the foundation of his empire and modern car manufacturing approach. 😁
Красивое решение☝
The best way to dampen the sound is a sandwich made of sheets of glass and elastic foam.
It certainly seems to work.
It might be a promising way to improve the performance of the current soundproofing box.
Интересный вариант для звука Hi-End...
Good luck!
I will watch the process with great interest, because I myself plan to create an epoxy-granite milling machine.
I wish you success with your project as well.
I’m curious about how much the dimensions of this design can be modified. I have a very specific project in mind. First, the medium is wood, not metal. Second , the object has a strange envelope, it is roughly 12cm X 12cm X 35cm. One of the advantages of building the machine myself is that no affordable 5-axis router/mill can accommodate a build volume like that. But no design can be arbitrarily changed in any dimension, without the possibility of introducing stresses that will overburden tolerances. I don’t have the same space constraints and I can build or buy a sound-proof enclosure, which will also help with dust management. It would be helpful if during your videos, you discussed the impact of modifying the dimensions of your design. Do you plan to share your CAD data? That would be helpful in exploring the impact of increasing the dimensions as necessary. This video is a fantastic find for me, and I will definitely join via Patreon or whatever is most helpful.
Thanks for your interest.
The advantage of building your own is that you can design it as you like.
I wasn't sure if you were thinking of making a machine out of wood or a machine for cutting wood.
I think this is a problem with my English skills.
I don't think I can say anything at this stage about the impact of changing the design.
It is not finished to begin with, and I still don't know what this design actually is.
I do plan to release a 3D model in the future, but only after the design is more finalized.
Wow, even now just considering this video, there has beeen a lot work behind this project. Thank you for sharing your journey with us. By the way, it would be awesome if you did a quick tutorial of how to use the CNC for people who don't know much about CNCs. Are you thinking about sharing the design files? Greetings from Türkiye(Turkey).
One of the concepts of this machine is to make the design easy to produce.
In fact, the main purpose of this project is to create an online course for building this machine.
In the online course, I will show everything.
The majority of TH-cam viewers watch videos for entertainment, so I will create a video that suits that purpose.
But for those who want to produce it, they need an online course designed to produce it.
I don't think an air cooled 24k spindle is a good fit for wanting to machine steel. The volume of air moved by a fan is directly proportional to RPM, whereas the heat generated is roughly proportional to the torque of the motor (not the power.) So at 12000 RPM, you will only have half the available torque and 1/4 the rated power of the spindle.
On the other hand, drip cooling of the workpiece like that can be rough on tools. The thermal cycling can cause micro fracturing. Some tooling manufacturers recommend just air blast for cooling and chip evacuation with steel.
What you say is correct if I focus only on optimal steel processing.
This machine needs to be designed for minimum space, minimum equipment, prevention of scattering of cutting chips, weight reduction, noise reduction, etc.
Also, if you are not satisfied with the performance of the motor, I can replace it with the same size φ80 2.2kw water-cooled spindle.
Awesome CNC Freak = *HERO* 👏
What voice over software do you use?
Speechelo
This is insane! Where are you from?
Japan
Hello, do this motors would have any feedback or it is just one way transmission: you tell it where to go and hope it will set in place? Thanks
I will send you a link to the spindle I purchased.
s.click.aliexpress.com/e/_DBurq8h
a problem with those 24k rpm spindles is, they have very low torque under for example 12k rpm. Better suited would be a spindle with 12k rpm and 4 phases instead of only 2 phases, which doubles the torque of the spidle.
I was going to use a 12K motor like you said, but since the size of the machine needed to be less than 400mm square, that motor was too big, so I gave up.
@@a-cnc-f oh okay
In order to use 5-axis RTCP, a post processor and a CNC controller are important. What CNC controller did you use in your previous videos? What controller are you currently using for this machine? Also, the post processor needs to be 5-axis capable, how do you solve this?
You can use TCP with linuxcnc and fusion360.
@@a-cnc-f which fusion360 Version are you using? Machining Extension costs 1700 a year.
@@christianthier3457 He may be a student. Student license unlocks the whole suite I believe(?)
Hi! Very interesting project again. What are you going to do with the old one?
Old machines are dismantled and some parts are reused.
Frames will be used as material for future crafts.
Nice effort, I wish you the best. However, just wanted to point out that the angled design you have is not new, if you look up the older LIECHTI cnc machines from Switzerland, from a few years back, you will see their cnc machines designed specifically for aerospace applications that are angled as well. Check it out.
I like this project the most, can’t wait the next video.
I see you are using Mesa board, I’m happened to be in Singapore, is there anyway I can buy Mesa board second hand or new ?
Any suggestion where in Singapore who sells ?
Trying to contact you by email but can’t find it.
You can buy it from mesa's official page. Shipping cost is expensive.
store.mesanet.com/index.php?route=product/product&product_id=338
@@a-cnc-f yes shipping cost is very expensive
Which is the biggest diameter of bit? 6mm on this small maschine? So you have high rpm even with steel. 30mm Endmill runs with 2k Rpm in 4140. So you go mostly over 10k rpm.
I am considering using a 3mm end mill for the main use.
The last machine we built also used 3mm as its main tool.
Chào bạn, Xem kênh bạn lâu rồi mà giờ mới biết bạn là người VN.
I am not Vietnamese, I am Japanese!
@@a-cnc-foh sorry for this confusion. because I see your drink is very similar to a beverage company in Vietnam
@@a-cnc-fyou live in singapore ?
yes
And we'll be here for the ride however long it is barring unforeseen global catastrophe.
我認為這個想法十分有趣，但是推薦使用閉環，否則非常容易發生位置錯誤而碰撞
You are right.
The stepper motors I already purchased are closed loop.
I used closed loop for the first time when I built a CNC lathe and it is very nice.
@@a-cnc-f 順帶一提，雖然切削液問題解決了，但是仍可能需要準備抽水馬達。
大功率的主軸馬達很容易發熱，沒有適當的散熱很可能會過熱導致停機甚至會失去它。
As for that, I'll have to start using it and see how it goes.
If there is a problem, it will need to be addressed.
Hi, nice project, I like it. But I'm concerned about the spindle motor Rpm. For steel you need to reduce the Rpm but at low Rpm torque may not be sufficient.
You are right.
24k is too early for steel processing.
The problem is torque.
It is hard to know what size endmill can be used with this spindle until you try it.
On the last machine I built, I mainly used 3mm end mills.
I am thinking mainly of 3mm this time as well.
It will probably be used for about 10k.
The motor seems to have more torque at low rpm, so I don't think it is necessary to use the highest rpm.
The machine is so small that using impregnated carbon fiber to laminate epoxy granite does not seem very expensive. Well, ready-made carbon tubes as reinforcement for epoxy granite are then in place.
I had decided to use epoxy granite for the base of the machine, but had not yet decided on the aggregate or reinforcement.
I will consider using carbon.
Thank you very much.
@@a-cnc-f mix milled carbon fibers in the epoxy.
I decided to give it a try.
I like your channel but can't say I'm a fan of the robot voice over
I don't speak English very well.
I think it would be more difficult to understand if I actually spoke in my own voice.^_^
@a-cnc-f yeh, for most people understanding Asians with a strong accent might not be easy.... but my wife is japanese 😊 and she mangles the English language on a daily basis. Kudos to you for making English videos 👍👍
is that you Tony ??
I'm not Tony, but I'm referring to Tony's video.
Changing the tool on the spindle will get very difficult....
It may be a little difficult to do, but if the spindle is moved forward in a position that does not interfere when changing tools, there should be no problem.
@@a-cnc-f The design looks absolutely amazing... i really hope you succeed it looks so awesome and unique....
will you share drawings?
Thanks for the superthanks.
The next video will start the actual production.
We will do our best to live up to your expectations.
Sorry, I did not answer your question.
I am thinking of selling this project as an online course and then for people to actually produce it.
It would include the complete 3D model! .
The 3D model will be released once all the details are finalized and I am absolutely certain that I can make it.
Does the voiceover sound robotic to anybody else?
Yes.
I am not a native English speaker, so if I were to speak with my own pronunciation, many people would not be able to understand me.
I hate to rain on your parade (an expression meaning I hate to be the bearer of bad news) but your A axis is going to get blocked by chip material unless you can get rid of period build up like with a vacuum.
As you say, this machine is designed to be compact, so it can not stock cutting chips so mach.
However, by placing a sheet underneath, the fillets can be easily removed.
@@a-cnc-f a tray would work, or a vacuum port on the door to suck the material out periodically. Looks like a great build.