Shark Queens: Rulers of the Ocean SPECIAL (Full Episode) | Shark Queens

แชร์
ฝัง
  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 ธ.ค. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 219

  • @endoraismygma
    @endoraismygma ปีที่แล้ว +72

    Allison is awesome. I always learn so much from her no nonsense delivery of info. Great episode.

  • @ExistingSmiles
    @ExistingSmiles 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +24

    Me and my little brother (2) love these shark videos :)

  • @alparslankorkmaz2964
    @alparslankorkmaz2964 ปีที่แล้ว +153

    sharks are amazing creatures. respect them

    • @ThePunisher-si8ex
      @ThePunisher-si8ex ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Yes but yo mama more amazin 😮

    • @exhumorr
      @exhumorr 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I adore sharks so much 💙🦈

    • @bargainbeauty7529
      @bargainbeauty7529 หลายเดือนก่อน

      They're killers 😂

    • @WOTM8
      @WOTM8 19 วันที่ผ่านมา

      @@bargainbeauty7529 exactly. they're best in our plates.

  • @boyblu2156
    @boyblu2156 ปีที่แล้ว +274

    Treating sharks like criminals is wild like hey we got a warrant you fit the description the dolphins told us were to find you

    • @TyrWu1f
      @TyrWu1f ปีที่แล้ว +27

      True that. And I don't like them mentioning reinforcing negative behavior to prevent sharks from potentionally becoming attackers. Seems like that's all ppl need to grab their torches and pitchforks and lead a hunt against sharks... Oh wait, we already do that.
      Side note, would be a good doc to flip it to profiling humans that torture, mutuilate and kill sharks.

    • @ToxPhy
      @ToxPhy ปีที่แล้ว +27

      Shark “infested” waters? Um…it’s called the ocean. They live there 😂

    • @eyesacthehoodrat
      @eyesacthehoodrat 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@TyrWu1fyou do know that you can’t train sharks?

    • @marshapieroni6677
      @marshapieroni6677 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I don't think they are doing that.

    • @marshapieroni6677
      @marshapieroni6677 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      ​@@ToxPhybut you know what they are saying. Some areas have many more sharks, right?

  • @turtlejeepjen314
    @turtlejeepjen314 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    I really appreciate watching this WITHOUT 30 minutes of commercials.💚

  • @AmandaLee-ew7lg
    @AmandaLee-ew7lg ปีที่แล้ว +36

    Sharks are an important part of the marine ecosystem. We need to learn to coexist with them.

    • @windelk.9500
      @windelk.9500 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You can do it without being too rough and establishing some compliance norms

    • @bargainbeauty7529
      @bargainbeauty7529 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Please, Elaborate on how they're an important part of our ecosystem...

    • @rachelsweetnam2852
      @rachelsweetnam2852 7 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Because they help take down sick and dying marine creatures and make the population healthy again. Take down invasive species in some cases. Also anywhere you don't find big sharks where you normally would in a marine setting you know something is out of balance with the ecosystem and its unhealthy or dying.​@@bargainbeauty7529

  • @rocioaguilera3555
    @rocioaguilera3555 ปีที่แล้ว +24

    Amazing animals and excellent video.
    Thanks

  • @hamadshafqat5364
    @hamadshafqat5364 ปีที่แล้ว +28

    This video has helped me so much. I would love to be a shark scientist and go expolore so much land. Thank you guys for this video!😊

    • @Fjk2134
      @Fjk2134 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      That would be amazing. There's 95 percent of the ocean that hasn't been discovered yet, so imagine different sharks they still haven't discovered yet and you end up discovering some of these creatures.

  • @Alicia-BG
    @Alicia-BG ปีที่แล้ว +39

    I'm really not convinced by the oldest "researcher". He reaches conclusions with too little information. How will he study the genetics of the sharks as it relates to their behavior and hierarchy with just 2 samples? Besides, that method of collecting the DNA (saliva) is questionable given the fact that it's collected underwater, sharks are not like humans that secrete a lot of saliva, and he didn't take steps to store the samples quickly to prevent loss. I think he's a bit of a show unlike the younger one that spends time observing and gathering specific information on individual sharks.

    • @JanvanGelder-y9l
      @JanvanGelder-y9l ปีที่แล้ว +1

      wait, researcher? Is he not a really bad actor then?

    • @Alicia-BG
      @Alicia-BG ปีที่แล้ว

      @@JanvanGelder-y9l that's why I used quotations. Lol

    • @DrgnLdyLizzie2001
      @DrgnLdyLizzie2001 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      There was probably more than two, they only showed the two "best" samples. I agree that they probably could have collected better samples, like skin or maybe even blood, but then again, given the size and type of the sharks they were working with, it might have been better that they did what they did.

    • @zackzittel7683
      @zackzittel7683 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Idk much about collecting DNA but I know they are able to identify the type of shark in shark attacks by taking samples from the surfboard/equipment and even the wound.

    • @marshapieroni6677
      @marshapieroni6677 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      They do a lot more than what you're watching. It's very interesting

  • @Nobody-h8h3c
    @Nobody-h8h3c 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    As much as I love learning about these awe inspiring animals, I'm sad how many "informational" documentaries use fear tactics with music and cuts to ads to make it seem like a shark is going to do wrong.

  • @dianamungai6413
    @dianamungai6413 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Thankyou for letting is access such awesome stuff online for free❤❤❤

  • @wickedcha4202
    @wickedcha4202 ปีที่แล้ว +14

    Us as humans are not that big.
    Some seals are bigger then us.
    I saw in one document that it is our urine that make the sharks aware of us. Along with the splashing and our heart rate sending off the electronic pulse that the sharks are aroused to inspect. With us on boards yes we do look like their food.
    If you decide to get in the ocean treat it with respect and acknowledge the animals in the water that could harm you.

  • @CeeHimself
    @CeeHimself 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Finally, the first smart guy who doesn't believe in that weak "Mistaken Identity" allegations! This footage brings so much light into most shark attacks! Watch and learn!

  • @soupapede
    @soupapede 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    I love how a huge portion of this video is just shark eugenics. lol

  • @angelitabecerra
    @angelitabecerra 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    We don't have a problem with even a few individuals. Y'all forget we're invading *their* territory.

  • @loyaldogpublishingllc915
    @loyaldogpublishingllc915 ปีที่แล้ว +25

    Such stunning creatures....I pray the ocean stays in perfect equalibrium 🙏😇

  • @ragnarlothbokjr7821
    @ragnarlothbokjr7821 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Now watching From mizoram India ❤❤❤

  • @loyaldogpublishingllc915
    @loyaldogpublishingllc915 ปีที่แล้ว +34

    The poor guy attacked in egypt was attacked by a 10 foot tiger shark who was pregnant and had no food in the digestive system. Sign of starvation...

    • @v4l3nt1n30
      @v4l3nt1n30 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

      i wonder if overfishing wasn't such a big thing, would a lot of these attacks never have happened

    • @melissaisin68
      @melissaisin68 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      That's sad!

    • @brandong42091
      @brandong42091 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      yea if they are in need of food anythings on the menu

  • @karlheinz4265
    @karlheinz4265 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Those people are right about sharks not attacking humans when I was swimming in the Med sea I encountered a 9 footer blue shark and had no problems at all with it. So it's true that only fewer sharks attack humans.

  • @_GODSFIGHTER
    @_GODSFIGHTER 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Sharks look awesome

  • @yamil.343
    @yamil.343 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    17 babies?? I’d be cranky too 😂

  • @Mina-Chan1
    @Mina-Chan1 18 วันที่ผ่านมา

    i love these videos so educational but entertaining, or maybe i just really like sharks lol >

  • @Jrh-rp7np
    @Jrh-rp7np 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    The science behind this is great and all that.. But,, now these sharks are associating divers with food,, Like they know the divers come in there will be food.. what happens when random divers out there with no food encounter a hungry shark,, will they get pushy to see if they have any???

  • @cHrisle18
    @cHrisle18 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    I love shark week

  • @quandellwigfall6724
    @quandellwigfall6724 ปีที่แล้ว +18

    Sharks 🦈 are very dangerous yet cool to watch but from a far. Cool documentary

    • @eyesacthehoodrat
      @eyesacthehoodrat 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      They’re not as dangerous as you’d think

    • @DrgnLdyLizzie2001
      @DrgnLdyLizzie2001 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      I have a LOT of respect for sharks. I think they're gorgeous, fascinating and just awesome, but I'm also more than a little scared of them, so I do us all a favor and stay out of the water with them. My sister went scuba diving off South Africa to see Great Whites, but me? I would have stayed on the boat . . . or shore.

  • @jean-claudecossette6841
    @jean-claudecossette6841 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thx you TH-cam, i love you!!!

  • @richardjordan6718
    @richardjordan6718 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    Sharks are like snakes,we have to live with them.Not hate or demonize them.

  • @Robinsontheo
    @Robinsontheo ปีที่แล้ว +14

    Wow, so dangerous! Watching from Sydney, Australia.

  • @JoyfulNerd400
    @JoyfulNerd400 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Sharks live in the ocean. We don’t. We don’t belong in the ocean. Sharks shouldn’t be killed because of mistaken identity. We should be the ones who are careful, not the other way around. Be a responsible swimmer.

  • @ianjesse8525
    @ianjesse8525 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    This reason you never find me swimming in larger water bodies me meeting this creature i would collaps

  • @jennyc1846
    @jennyc1846 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thanks guys that was fantastic!! and so interesting cheers from Western Australia...

  • @tillsdills5661
    @tillsdills5661 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Awsome episode experience 👌 😅

  • @mahidulmuhit6602
    @mahidulmuhit6602 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    happy to watch

  • @northerners2828
    @northerners2828 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    You can touch the queen. 😌

  • @kronotic
    @kronotic ปีที่แล้ว +69

    Orcas are the true rulers of the ocean. They eat these sharks for breakfast.

    • @SeniorJohnQPublic
      @SeniorJohnQPublic ปีที่แล้ว +8

      They generally only eat the shark’s liver.

    • @cornell833
      @cornell833 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Knaw they eat the whole shark 💪

    • @incineroar9933
      @incineroar9933 ปีที่แล้ว +3

      ​@@cornell833they really don't.

    • @kronotic
      @kronotic ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@SeniorJohnQPublic Which makes it even more savage.

    • @sweetcake3753
      @sweetcake3753 ปีที่แล้ว

      😂

  • @vlad-igor
    @vlad-igor ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Love this!!! ❤

  • @aapfades9781
    @aapfades9781 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    long live the queen🎉

  • @neuro.weaver
    @neuro.weaver ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Next time, GET A BIGGER BOAT!

    • @user-hf6cd7bc7t
      @user-hf6cd7bc7t 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I thought the same

  • @Raul1Silva
    @Raul1Silva ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Shout out to the cameraman

  • @georgecarberry9222
    @georgecarberry9222 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    This is a great documentary but there is no way at all to determine which shark will attack a human. In general size, gender & species is the best way to guestimate which shark will or might attack ppl. Even with the type of research being done in this documentary, there is just no way to tell whether any shark will or will not be likely to attack a human. There are far too many variables to consider.

  • @seanaudette8389
    @seanaudette8389 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I've always hated how they anger the shark by pulling the food away from there.

    • @leminjapan
      @leminjapan ปีที่แล้ว

      They have to get it within reach of the boat to tag it. Sharks don't get angry, lol.

    • @seanaudette8389
      @seanaudette8389 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      @@leminjapan
      Yeah let's assume we know what does and doesn't anger a shark. They will eat us. They hunt us. You will never convince me they mistake us for a seal

  • @anthonybernardfamily9258
    @anthonybernardfamily9258 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Screaming and crying 😭 I love this song so much it’s so cute and

  • @totoyoli7278
    @totoyoli7278 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    ❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤❤What an incredible and majestic creature.

  • @BladeRunner-td8be
    @BladeRunner-td8be ปีที่แล้ว +7

    "Shark Queens: Rulers of the Ocean" A Killer Whale/Orca = rulers of the ocean

    • @missmay713
      @missmay713 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      "Orca Queens:Rulers of the Ocean" would be a fun sequel

  • @jennifermedrano7918
    @jennifermedrano7918 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    How the heck do these people not get bit by not one shark ans there are so many but other people get bit?? Sharks are so mischievous and beautiful but yet one of my fears of dieing

  • @pgibby25
    @pgibby25 4 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Guys guess what sharks are my favorite animal ever 🦈

  • @controlledchaos64
    @controlledchaos64 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    So not used to hearing someone yelling “shark ! Shark”
    And everyone jumping in the water, not out of it lol

  • @Irate_Beau
    @Irate_Beau 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    sharks look like fleshy submarines and i love it

  • @DzikieZwierzeta
    @DzikieZwierzeta ปีที่แล้ว +3

    I like sharks

  • @JMuddy-kb9wl
    @JMuddy-kb9wl 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    This dude just said they can swim 20 feet per second. That’s wild fr

  • @Flying_Snakes
    @Flying_Snakes ปีที่แล้ว +18

    A young assistant is statistically safer in the water all day with the sharks than on the boat overnight with her professor.

  • @JaanLaht
    @JaanLaht หลายเดือนก่อน

    truly terrifying predators

  • @cathyheston3029
    @cathyheston3029 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Come on expectant ladies, how ferocious are our appetites? And already gone through it, remember....😊

  • @BridgeStamford
    @BridgeStamford ปีที่แล้ว +5

    I lost a finger

  • @DilliWasi10
    @DilliWasi10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Wow!

  • @Vasta.
    @Vasta. ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Interesting world next to us

  • @kingbumblebeetv
    @kingbumblebeetv 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    1:18 actually Bulls kill more

  • @kennethmcgeough6607
    @kennethmcgeough6607 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    When we get into a sea anywhere in d world we are in their habitat so " we're gone to need a bigger boat"

  • @Cr7Sui-ot9pz
    @Cr7Sui-ot9pz 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Im assuming your talking about the ORCA

  • @PeterChan-z3v
    @PeterChan-z3v ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Basil bag bua leaf orster sauce 10 tp water 75 percent bull meat slice crab sauce 13 tp msg 10 tp sugar 17 tp pot cook for 15 min low heat stove 5 tp black pepper

    • @PeterChan-z3v
      @PeterChan-z3v ปีที่แล้ว

      Rock lobster head Boston big

    • @PeterChan-z3v
      @PeterChan-z3v ปีที่แล้ว

      Boil

    • @PeterChan-z3v
      @PeterChan-z3v ปีที่แล้ว

      Cha onion green pepper 10 tp crush pepper 10 piece orster sauce 10 tp water half cup black pepper 6 tp

    • @PeterChan-z3v
      @PeterChan-z3v ปีที่แล้ว

      Pork

    • @PeterChan-z3v
      @PeterChan-z3v ปีที่แล้ว

      Squid pork one more

  • @sharonwhiteley6510
    @sharonwhiteley6510 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I know the health of the oceans depends on sharks.
    I will make them a deal. I will stay out of their oceans and they stay off my mountain

  • @pattydeavers4485
    @pattydeavers4485 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    15:57 so there just like people!!

  • @SharkyCuddle
    @SharkyCuddle ปีที่แล้ว

    Hugeee sharks❤

  • @altastromeyer6962
    @altastromeyer6962 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    11:20 Ninja, a local female Bull Shark in Fiji.

  • @karendeppe2275
    @karendeppe2275 10 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I felt rather disgusted when they spoke about healing and a wound. I am not happy about that. Uncomfortable with the idea that tagging hurts them. I thought it was painless.

  • @pumpkinpuna4087
    @pumpkinpuna4087 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    When a female shark is pregnant the pups will literally attack each other inside mommy. They are lethal before birth as well. When the pups are born their instinct is to swim as fast and as far as they can because the mother will eat them if she catches them. 😮

  • @TLe-nf9lo
    @TLe-nf9lo ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I just watched Jaws and watching this makes me anxious 😨

  • @zjzjbigfishcatches7740
    @zjzjbigfishcatches7740 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Big Mama 😂

  • @BaruchJW
    @BaruchJW ปีที่แล้ว +9

    I like sharks very much. Jehovah is the Creator

    • @ianjesse8525
      @ianjesse8525 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Let jehova be jehova but me and shark never be friends

  • @frankadjei53
    @frankadjei53 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Tiger shark wow

  • @marcelallenke26
    @marcelallenke26 ปีที่แล้ว

    What if the sound was more like heavy metal vocalist like Alex Terrible aligator growl as a deterrent....

  • @Tech_Publica
    @Tech_Publica ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The idea that you can do science by attaching numbers to your impressions is ... naive at best.
    Did they stop teaching what science is in schools?

  • @myreasonforlife.9511
    @myreasonforlife.9511 ปีที่แล้ว

    There real on land too! 😅

  • @gunbuckybucketman4578
    @gunbuckybucketman4578 ปีที่แล้ว

    Yeah, how about do it when the mating season hit? You'll get a face full of smaller males boldness.

  • @countessnic9809
    @countessnic9809 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Problem individuals 😂 Yyyyoooooo I can't 🤣 Sharks 🦈 are sharks. They attack, kill, feed.

  • @JoanMontes-r2b
    @JoanMontes-r2b 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Adeline Point

  • @AngeliqueASMR
    @AngeliqueASMR ปีที่แล้ว

    How can he get in the water with them and they not hurt him, I don’t get that

    • @miantrixx
      @miantrixx ปีที่แล้ว

      @@NastyAngel sharks also generally do not like the taste of humans, and if they do bite (usually because they mistake humans for seals), they usually spit out what they bite. fascinating stuff!

    • @ryanblanchard2508
      @ryanblanchard2508 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yeah unless you’re the guy in Egypt who was fully consumed on film by a starving pregnant tiger shark.

  • @loyaldogpublishingllc915
    @loyaldogpublishingllc915 ปีที่แล้ว

    Maybe sharks are more likley to attack if they are sick?

    • @ryanblanchard2508
      @ryanblanchard2508 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      No, it’s actually the opposite. Google is your friend.

  • @boyblu2156
    @boyblu2156 ปีที่แล้ว

    Imagen locking a shark up for its crimes put into a small fish tank 3 meals a day only lol

  • @windelk.9500
    @windelk.9500 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    maybe they are just stressed out by how us human disrupt and harass their environment

  • @heartlesschild9366
    @heartlesschild9366 17 วันที่ผ่านมา

    teeth to identify bloodlines 👩🏾‍🔬

  • @Youngathearttravelers
    @Youngathearttravelers 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Sharks are the elephants of the ocean. Matriarchs.

  • @hmoo7482
    @hmoo7482 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I’m going to dive tomorrow why this video 😂

  • @mikevoisine2886
    @mikevoisine2886 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    You're gonna need a bigger boat

  • @grunhilde6778
    @grunhilde6778 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    orca : yummy

  • @Michael-Todd87
    @Michael-Todd87 ปีที่แล้ว

    Seals see a bunch of humans roll up to their island and start chumming the Water for sharks. .
    Sure they loved that.
    I don't understand why we need to interfere so much with animals.
    Maybe it helps but I don't see how.
    I love the idea of conservation and all that but that's not what most of this is.
    Studying great whites for thirty years?
    For what?
    That didn't throw anything off for those sharks?
    I Love the footage and shark week rocks but I think most people and "scientist" cross all sorts of lines.
    In the name of science?
    Yeah right.

  • @amylamb3893
    @amylamb3893 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Why must we always try to give animals human characteristics? Doesn't make sense.

  • @MichaelSchlink-kf3xt
    @MichaelSchlink-kf3xt 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Sad to say orcas learned tonic immobility placed upon sharks by accident from watching a technician at Orlando’s “Sea World” a technician performing it on a shark. Orcas that witnessed it and were later released taught it to other Orcas. Humans are to blame for their behavior.

  • @kerryjackson8849
    @kerryjackson8849 7 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Why? Leave them alone!

    • @user-hf6cd7bc7t
      @user-hf6cd7bc7t 6 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      We are studying them tf

  • @ZeroOneBimon
    @ZeroOneBimon 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I like clems Dream. My New Dream is to Meet clem

  • @GangstaVic
    @GangstaVic ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Shark meat is good 🍖🍛 😋

  • @toddrochel9282
    @toddrochel9282 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is ridiculous, sharks are a wild animal!!
    Doesn't matter if you know them or not!
    You are going to be lunch soon!!
    Tigers, snakes and beans have eaten there owner!!
    Why would shark be different!!

    • @Literallygort
      @Literallygort 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Sharks dont like the taste of human

    • @huhs112
      @huhs112 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You watched too much jaws and other fake videos

  • @Despond
    @Despond ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Yeah yeah we get it female power. Jesus, they had to remind us about 100x then another 100x in 10secs at the end.

  • @damonkelly5318
    @damonkelly5318 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Love this awsome as, also let's be real if you think you understand any female species you have defently lost ya mind 😂😂😂

  • @anthonybernardfamily9258
    @anthonybernardfamily9258 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    You’re welcome 😇 you have no right of self harm and I will not let you be a burden for others to see in your eyes 👀 I will never 👎 forget your love 💕 I will always be grateful here

  • @Sarah-s4e
    @Sarah-s4e 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Don't get swallowed up by the female shark!!! Lol

  • @bradyenglebert3671
    @bradyenglebert3671 18 วันที่ผ่านมา

    So

  • @cornell833
    @cornell833 ปีที่แล้ว

    Nonthing better than swimming with 🦈

  • @MeganMarchesano
    @MeganMarchesano 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Park

  • @sharethelove5034
    @sharethelove5034 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    In South African water, those sharks are predisposed to eating humans. It was them who cleaned up the ocean when all those poor African people, but called slaves. It was the sharks who set the balance.