Radial Nerve Anatomy - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 ต.ค. 2024
- Dr. Ebraheim’s educational animated video describes the anatomy associated with the radial nerve.
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Radial Nerve Anatomy
The radial nerve arises from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus and lies posterior to the axillary artery. The radial nerve receives branches from each nerve root from C5-T1. The radial nerve courses on the posterior wall of the axilla and lies on top of the subscapularis, the teres major, and the latissimus dorsi muscles. All three of these muscles (subscapularis-upper & lower subscapular n., teres major-lower subscapular n., latissimus dorsi-thoracodorsal n.) are supplied by the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. The radial nerve continues into the posterior compartment of the upper arm. The radial nerve then gives three branches in the axilla: branch to long head of triceps, branch to medial head of triceps, posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm. Some books show the position of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm may be higher than the branches to the triceps. The profunda brachii artery arises from the axillary artery. The radial nerve next travels through the triangular interval with the profunda brachii artery posteriorly. The radial nerve is bound proximally by the teres major, medially by the long head triceps, and laterally by the humeral shaft. It contains the profunda brachii artery and the radial nerve. The radial nerve enters the upper arm between the long head and the medial head of the triceps and then it runs towards the spiral groove of the humerus. The spiral groove is a thin, bare area of bone that lies in the upper 2/3 of the back of the humerus between the lateral and medial heads of the triceps. There are posterior safe zones of the humerus 10cm distal to the lateral acromion and 10cm proximal to the lateral epicondyle. Four branches arise from the radial nerve within the spiral groove. In the posterior approach, if the surgeon follows these cutaneous nerves proximally, it will lead to identification of the radial nerve itself. The radial nerve passes through the lateral intermuscular septum enters the anterior compartment of the arm above the elbow joint. Anteriorly, it runs between the brachialis and brachioradialis muscle anterior to the lateral epicondyle. This is the site for exposure of the radial nerve anteriorly (between the brachialis and brachioradialis muscles anteriorly). The radial nerve gives branches to supply the lateral part of the brachialis, brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, and the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscles. The radial nerve is vulnerable to injury below the spinal groove when there is a fracture in the distal third of the humeral shaft. Injury to the nerve will cause wrist drop. At about the level of the lateral epicondyle, the radial nerve begins to divide into the deep branch and the superficial branch of the radial nerve. The anconeus muscle is also innervated by the radial nerve. The posterior interosseous nerve (deep branch) enters the extensor compartment of the forearm between the two heads of the supinator muscle. The ulnar nerve enters the forearm by passing through the two heads of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and the median nerve enters the forearm by passing through the two heads of the pronator teres muscle. The area in which the posterior interosseous nerve passes through is called the “Arcade of Frohse” and this area is often a site of entrapment of the nerve. The posterior interosseous nerve supplies these muscles on the radial side and dorsal surface of the forearm: posterior interosseous n., posterior interosseous n. passes through the supinator m., extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, and abductor pollicis longus. The posterior interosseous nerve does not supply cutaneous sensation and it is purely motor nerve. Injury to the posterior interosseous nerve will lead to inability of the patient to extend their fingers or “hitchhike” the thumb. During recovery from posterior interosseous nerve injury, the extensor digitorum muscle is the first one to recover and the extensor indicis is the last muscle to recover. The superficial radial nerve runs deep to the brachioradialis muscle. The superficial radial nerve continues until about 5cm above the wrist where it immerges from underneath the brachioradialis muscle, piercing the deep fascia and lying between the brachioradialis and the extensor carpi radialis longus muscles, then descending towards the anatomical snuff box. The superficial radial nerve is a sensory nerve supplying the majority of the dorsum of the hand. The sensory areas involving the cutaneous branches of the upper arm and forearm, and the superficial sensory radial nerve are shown here. Wartenberg’s Syndrome is characterized by entrapment of the superficial branch of the radial nerve above the wrist.
Always very clear, easy to listening to and concise.
I also appreciate the similarity of the entrance into the forearm of the median and ulnar nerve!
Sir.. Its really amazing.. By ur teaching.. Iam a medical student.. And waiting for every post from u.. Its easy to understand and keep remembering..
You have made medical school a lot easier. THANK YOU!
Thanks again Dr. Ebraheim, I've been learning and watching your videos over the course of about two years off and on and have learned so much from you! You are one amazing person - thanks for sharing your gifts with the world!
I am radiologist and I loved your videos.Congratulation
Just a note between approx.: 4:16 and 9:23 describing the Radial N.'s posterior cutaneous nerve of the arm and the lower lateral cutaneous nerve of the arm. Labeled as it should be at the 4min, but reversed incorrectly at the 9min portion. It has made me even pay more attention to pick it up. Your presentations are a gift.
Your videos are so informative,I am a resident of plastic surgery.I love to watch ur videos cause through them I can enrich my knowledge .
Thank you Sir, wish you all the best!!!
Sir absolutely brilliant😍😍
lots of clarity thankyou
Thank you so much sir . Your videos are very informative
Thank you sir it was really helpful for my studies. Thank you very much^_^
Such a precise n brief presentations
It was really helpful thank you
You are amazing doctor 😃🌟💯
very well explained sir!!!
Simply excellent💯
Legend. ❤
Thank you sir
Really amazing
Extraordinary.
Yes it was very helpful. Thank you.
Thank you so much sir 💓
Great job ❤
Excellent
It was really v.great and helpful
Thank you very much 💙
Amazing stuff 👏 ❤
Thanks ✌️
Thank you so much sir
Just awesome 👌. Great work doc Thank u
Thank you so much
رحم الله والديك 🥀🥀🥀❤❤❤❤
Very needed
Good video for surgeon fir for quick review in emergency
Sir what is the problem if your arms and fingers you feel numbness
Thank you sir ✌️🥰
Very nice sir,thanks.
At 1:51
Profunda brachii artery is a branch of brachial artery and not axillary artery.
It was amazing
Nice information
Please can you make a video how to examine a DVT of lower limb and it's relevant examinations
very nice video sir
Thanks docs
Good, thanks
really amazing
awsome!
Thank you. What type of specialist do we go to for problems with the radial nerve?
Great video!!!!
1:55 Profunda brachii artery arises from the BRACHIAL ARTERY and not AXILLARY ARTERY
Thanku so much sir ......❤
It was awesome......Sir....Thanku😁😁
thank you Pr
Thank you sir
great 👍
@ 00:10... there is no C8 vertebrae but there is C8 nerve arises below the C7 vertebrae unlike other cervical nerves which arises above the corresponding vertebrae and are named accordingly.
the circle is a nerve root and not a vertebra
Hi Dr. about 14 years ago (i'm 29 years old) i suffered a compound frcture to my humerus and tore a good part of my radial nerve. i have some wrist droop and very poor thumb and index finger extension but an extension of all fingers is still slow. I notice my long head and lateral tricep and brachioradialis seem to be somewhat active but definitely smaller/less active than my healthy arm. I believe my extensor muscles in the forearm were most paralyzed. I'm looking for some tips on how to go about strength training this arm. Can I build muscle in my triceps and brachioradialis as they dont seem to be totally paralyzed. Can I build musle in the extensors even though they seem to be much more paralyzed? What surgical options could I consider? I really want to either naturally build muscle for size and support and or consider surgery options. Thank you!!
Steez, sorry to hear about your traumatic injury at such a young age. I'm not a doctor but I'm guessing if your muscles were denervated in your forearm, there's not a lot you can do to build the muscles back up, since the "switchboard" to these muscles were cut off. Since you are so young, there are some options for you, and you can discuss those with your surgeon, if you decide to do tendon transfers, for example, pronator teres to restore wrist extension; flexor carpi ulnaris/radialis or flexor digitorum superficialis transfer to restore finger extension and possibly palmaris longus/flexor carpi radialis to restore some thumb abduction and extension. You should seek out a surgeon skilled in tendon transfers and a good Occupational Therapist, preferable a Certified Hand Therapist (OT or PT) that can help you regain your motor function after surgery if you choose the tendon transfer route. Hope you are in good health.
Good day sir, I'm only asking how about the frozen shoulder what is the problem why have like that
sir what exactly is nerve root
Good day Sir my son got right hand injury while playing foot. Hos hand was dislocated. After restore hand few hrs he lost sensation in his finger now after 1 month of accident he recovery is seen but his finger can fold full but can't rise up fully only up to 70 percent also no power enough in finger physiotherapy is going on but if you can help mote on it will better.
How to solve that frozen shoulder problem
Sir my right hand is wrist drop please guide me
T H A N K YOU S I R from INDIA❤
radial nerve supply long and medial head of triceps of medial and lateral head
Deep Branch of radial nerve has a sensory branch called-N interosseous antebrachii posterior which innervates the hand joint.But the information is overall good.
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Hi sir.. 2yrs back met with an accident and my right shoulder head got fracture. I underwent surgery and post that I got wrist drop problem. I was told that radial , ulner, median nerve and compressed during surgery and that is the reason for wrist drop. It took 6 months for the problem to reach near normal. I still feel numbness in all my fingers. I can't lift my hand up. I need medical support to get cured. How can you help me sir??
R u fain now from wrist drop
hi, what about now? did you get full recovered?
Profunada brachii is a branch of brachial artery , not axillary branch 1:48
I had an injury where my arm was broken and the nerve severed, after surgery my hand is great at closing but I can't open my hand which I think you describe but I didn't get it. I guess it's wartenbergs
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U made the confused to understand and remember
think you Pr