I am very white (blue eyed ginger) but I am also Latina. I am often told that I can’t be both, as if my skin color makes it so I have to give up my culture. But I was born in Brazil and my first language was Portuguese. I understand I have a lot of privilege and advantages, but some Americans act like I’m faking being Latina to be exotic or some shit.
Dont let my fellow American put that false choice on you! They are literally stuck in black-white thinking, and will take generations to get out of that dead end.
@Ramsay Bolton Rich coming from a guy posing as Ramsay Bolton, a noble's bastard! He knew all about simultaneously being privileged and discriminated against.
Sounds like you’re race is Caucasian, but you are ethnically Brazilian. Even if you are first generation Brazilian, you’re Brazilian American. To have such rare recessive traits, odds are pretty good that your ancestors were predominantly European, in that what she mentioned, “Iberian” (Portuguese) mixing with northern European “Anglo Saxon). You are culturally Hispanic/Latin, but when you are lighter skinned than most Caucasians, it raises questions. Personally I question if Portuguese or Spaniards are Latin or Hispanic, since those who were born in those countries did not really mix with the natives of South America, and though influenced, have different cultures. But born and raised in Brazil, regardless of race makes you culturally, Brazilian. I would just tell people that.
Your patience is incredible. As an Irish person (like actually Irish, not Irish-American - very different ethnicity and culture!), it's enraging to hear when people try to conflate the Irish experience with the black experience in America. I had never heard of the 1863 riots and I'm disgusted but not surprised that immigrants tried to raise themselves up by tearing black Americans down. I might have to watch this video a few times to really catch all the nuance, and I love that. You don't dumb anything down and pack each video so full of useful information. And again, you have more patience and poise than I ever even hope to have!
I'm first generation (my mom's from Belfast) and it's shocking what some Irish Americans think about minorities. A few years ago Bernadette Devlin was invited to speak at some event in Boston for Saint Patrick's Day and they all assumed she was gonna give some feel good speech about Irish pride and she spent the entire time telling them that they're all hypocritical for being racist.
Thank you. Its irritating listening to nonsense over here like "Irish slaves", or the whole anti-irish issue in 19th century NYC, especially when irish immigrants and 2nd generation irish americans owned slaves or terrorized blacks because they were pissed off at President Lincoln. They felt they were better than us, and that attitude still lingers in some decendants in the US to this day.
@@nickc3657 And splitting hairs is different from counterarguing. It works for you only because you don't use that term - to you they're probably not 'thinkers' at all, but rather some other choice words. And yet the vid used that term, because it anticipated that that's what they'd actually be doing - being critical. You'd rather not think of their criticisms as 'thinking', despite that being what's involved, and hence choose to take 'curious overthinker' as a 'euphemism', rather than just a neutral description of what they're doing (well, somewhat, since the 'over' implies it's excessive, a strange attitude for an academic to promote). You wouldn't recognize it as such though, since ironically critically thinking about the video isn't something you're interested in, just uncritically celebrating it.
Yes. And LOL, just like the person who made the first comment people are so stuck in their ignorance and bias that they don't even listen to facts or research or history to learn something new and why things are hey way they are today. That's the whole reason it's called origins of everything
Err...this channel comes across as very preachy, albeit that's only partly due to the videos themselves while the other part is typically due to the fairly skewed (ideologically) community it's gathered around it that you see in the comments. And funnily enough, I can say this as someone who's not white and in fact comes from a place with a wealth of people's well-accepted as having ethnicities, including in this very video (India).
I'm not saying there's no bias. It's definitely coming from one side more than another, but rather than telling people what/how to think, she presents facts.
i'm second/third generation american from italy and poland. it's very hard to explain the ideas of ethnicity vs race to my older family members. They still feel they aren't as privileged as other whites (or even argue that they aren't white because they aren't "WASPs,") but in modern America, that is not the truth. they look back on the black people who they once shared poor neighborhoods with who were unable to escape due to systematic racism and judge them for not being able to do what they did, not realizing that their whiteness is what enabled them to get ahead. "If I could do it, so can they." They use this mindset as an excuse to have racist attitudes, and it's incredibly frustrating because they refuse to listen.
Ethnicity is a very interesting topic in US/ Latin American relations: Most people of Latin America don't really consider themselves a separate ethnicity all on their own until they move to the US/Canada. Prior to that, they're white, black, native, mixed, etc. Though there are definitely separate ethnic groups within Latin America such as the many native groups, jews, romani etc. So if, say, a mixed jew from Uruguay moved to the US, they'd have two separate ethnicities and one, or more, race.
Latino is a culture that anyone of any race can be a part of and their is a history of Life Education and anti Blackness throughout Latin America. Latin America has kind of behind on the implications place. For example Mexico is a great example. Or many Caribbean islands. It's very complicated and nuanced
Well, Hispanic/Latino isn't seen as a "Race" by the U.S. Census Bureau but as an ethnicity, people like the baseball player Miñoso or the famous actress Zoë Saldaña are both racially "African-Americans" but ethnically "Hispanic/Latino".
@@-haclong2366 african American is not a race. Its an ethnicity. Thats the issue. People use black and AA interchangeably but they are not. Black is the race. African American is the ethnicity. Its even mentioned in the video. Zoe would be Afro-whatever he country is. That would be her ethnicity. For example. She is black. Her ethnicity is Puerto Rican. Her nationality is Puerto Rican (once again this is an example, I dont know is she is PR). She is Afro Latino. Afro Latino = black. All African Americans are black but not all black people (especially on this side of the world) are African American. They're are different black ethncities in the African diaspora. Hispanic means soanish speaking and oesnt include Brazil. Latino is a culture thats does include brazil that anyone of any race can be a part of. These are basic anthropological definitions. Culture and ethnicity do have very similar definitions so i can understand where the confusion comes from. But thats why the census asks are you Latino or hispanic first and then asks your race. Like non black Hispanic or balck Hispanic for example. Most people who come to American and are black identify as their home nation like Nigerian American or Afro Domincan American. African Americans are a describes people descendant of slaves in the US with a unique culture and heritage.
This Irish mob riot and violent acts perpetrated against black people is explained by the Brazilian educator Paulo Freire, who wrote: "The oppressed, instead of striving for liberation, tend themselves to become oppressor" and "when the education is not intended to free people, the dream of the oppressed is become the oppressor" (this is my translation for the original phrase, so it can be known in english as other phrase, with the same meaning). The book "Pedagogy of the Oppressed" is a very good book.
Paulito didn't get it. The whole point was/is that new immigrants try to bond with caucasians in this country over their hatred for black people. It was true last century as it is true todaythen i've sat in spaces where black people were not part of the conversation , suddenly a foreigner would insult all black people out of the blue just to get kudos from caucasians.
@@AK-ne4og I thought that people would watch educational videos to learn, to not stay ignorant. I think that it hasn't started to have an effect on you yet. Keep watching . One day you will not be dumb. But today is not this day.
@@AK-ne4og Paulo freire was never implemented in the Brazilian educational system . If he had our educational system it would be better than it is now.
I knew the race laws were weird because my granny had a cousin who married a black man before mixed race marriages were legal in the United States because she was an Irish immigrant so she wasn't considered fully white in the eyes of the law.
@@c.powell8472 From what I know they had a pretty good lawyer, but most of their legal issues came from the fact that it was still legal to refuse housing based on race so they were regularly turned away from or chased out of areas frequently.
@@punkrockbenny Oh damn, you are right about that. I'm really curious now. Did your Grandma's last name some how get passed down to you? How did you get your current last name?
FYI Interracial marriage was governed by state law and many states never even had legislation prohibiting it. Some western states had laws that were turned over in late 19th early 20th century, but it was mainly a few southern states that were forced to allow interracial marriage by the Supreme Court. This is another big myth that people need to understand.
Please change the title to something like "what is ethnicity in the US?". The title is quite misleading as the video ended up being very American centric. The definition of ethnicity for Americans is a lot more complex than it is for the rest of the world, since Americans are ethnically mixed. One black American person might be a mix of Igbo, Yoruba, Wolof, Akan, Irish and English. These are all distinct ethnic groups. For an African their ethnicity is the group of people their share close heritage (lineage), region, distinct language and distinct traditions. So, their ethnicity would be, for example, Hausa or Somali or Beja etc. Even if they migrate to another country their future children will have their ethnicity as long as they marry their own ethnicity, otherwise that child's ethnicity will be mixed. That's why many people dislike interracial/inter-ethnic marriages/relationships. Ethnicity is not interchangeable with race. All the African ethnic groups mentioned above would be classified as "black" when it comes to their race.
OMG this is so much better than any other online video I have seen on this topic. I taught Sociology for 12 years and this is really well done. Bravo! I was almost afraid to watch and be disappointed. Thank you.
It's so sad how Americans are tend to confuse between Nationalities, Ethnicities, and Race. In place I'm from, Race are Europeans, African, Asian, Native American, etc. Nationalities are Mexican, American, Canadian, etc. Ethnicities are German, French, Italian, etc. It's easy to confuse Ethnicities and Nationalities, but the amount of "My race is Mexican" I heard from people on Internet is very concerning as Mexican is Nationality in my eyes.
Basically American classification: 1. White - actually not a race, just a subset of Caucasoid race, which is "light enough". Caucasians which are "dark enough" do not fit into this category. Basically "white" is a term of colorism. 2. Black - artificially lumping together different dark-skinned populations like "Negroid", "Pygmies" and "Capoid" (Khoi-San) people of Sub-Saharan Africa, some dark skinned Caucasians of North East Africa and "Australoid" people (Australian aboriginals, Papuans and Melanesians). Even though those groups have different anthropology, genetics and history... Not to say mixed-race people with any degree of "black" ancestry also fit here, if they look "black enough". 3. Asian - geographical term, lumps together all groups from 4/5 of Eurasia, which is beyond arbitrarily defined "Europe". 4. Native American - pretty good, all Natives of the Americas actually are a related population, BUT Eskimos (Inuits, Aleuts and others) are closer to Siberians, than other natives of the Americas. 5. Pacific Islander - lumps together Melanesians, Polynesians and Micronesians. 6. Hispanic and Latino - lumps together all people speaking Spanish and all from Latin America, independent of real race and ethnicity. Why do Spaniards fit in this category, Portuguese only sometimes do, and French and Italians do not? Basically America should get rid of that nonsense classification scheme.
European is not a race, there are Europeans of all races, German, Italian, French etc are not ethnicities, they are nationalities, cause those are nations. Your comment is factually wrong on so many levels
@S S I always thought I was more like the pink crayon but I was told growing up, and never heard anything different, people that look like me are white.
As an Indian (Punjabi), how tf am I supposed to identify with an 'Asian race', when I have very few physical similarities with a Korean, Mongolian, Uzbek or a Thai person lmao
I think this focuses too much on the view from the Americas. For the rest of the world, 'ethnicity' is not _so_ dependant on relatively recent migration or race, but more on centuries or even millennia old historical narratives of 'oneness'. Race is/was not necessarily significant, because historically, most ethnic groups were neighboured by other groups that looked pretty similar i.e. you can't reliably tell a Finn from a Swede based on appearance alone, nor Oromo people from Amharas. 'Ethnic groups' are/were generally marked by a distinct language (which not every member of the ethnicity necessarily speaks, but the mere fact it exists re-enforces a sense of historicity to the group e.g. the existence of Welsh as a language lends to a sense that Welsh people are distinct from English people). I don't think the idea of 'ethnicity' is as recent a concept as this video seems to suggest. The Romans and Greeks _adored_ talking about distinct groups of people who weren't necessarily politically united, but shared common linguistic and cultural traits (and generally a homeland) e.g. Germanic tribes, Thracians, Illyrians, Britons, Gauls...etc. And, as far as I can tell, other civilisations categorised people in along these lines as well. Sure, the _term_ 'ethnicity' is recent, but the idea of it is as old as humanity itself. Of course, this is definitely not to say ethnic groups are unchanging - pick any given one and you tend to see a long history of invasions, mass migrations and politics that can split, merge or otherwise fundamentally alter the socio-cultural boundaries of the 'group', but they are relatively persistent historically, particularly outside the Americas.
This focus on the US is because the US formally uses this, and expects others to conform to their definition of race/ethnicity in paperwork. Similar concepts exist elsewhere, (as you nicely point out) but this was a specific question :)
@@c.powell8472 the Romans thought that because the Celts lived in the cold it made them violent and vain, while people living south of the (in Africa) were lazy because of the heat. Only the Romans were perfect cos they lived in the perfect climate. Those stereotypes live on today - fighting Irish and lazy Africans!
I disagree with this (respectfully - I hope) I don't know where you are from but I'm going to assume Europe, correct me if I am wrong. I think because we are all aware of America's racism problem, we tend not to think about racism in our own countries, but I can tell you when polish people started coming to ireland, we were less than welcoming. And while it is true that you can't tell someone's country of origin as easily in Europe doesn't mean that we haven't tried. Have you ever seen old racist cartoons the British drew of the Irish for example. Then there is the way we historical treated the Jews (big nose joke was made even in Life Of Brian) to take a modern example those Polish I mentioned were stereotyped to have very very pale skin. Another example is in northern Ireland - I have a friend there that says she can tell a unionist from a republican in the space of 5 mins... Which is obviously nonsense. I can't speak for racsim I, like most white Europeans, do not really understand race in my own country because America really dominants the conversation. But for those reading this I do recommend "why I'm no longer speaking to white people about race" I can however say with some confidence that we have a long history of judging based on a ethinisity. Anyways this comment is so long and on my phone that I don't even know if it's a reply to yours!!! I just had some throughts about Europe and its history of categorising people. Reply if you also have thoughts or just have a nice day 😊😊😊
Neo Kaidu I don’t know any Black People. So you’ll have to keep asking. Or travel to the Netherlands yourself maybe you can find a Black Person. Good luck!
You are amazing! I know you probably get a lot of negative responses to the work you are doing, but please don't stop. I learn something from all of your videos and love you ground them in scholarship and not opinion. Good work!
I would like to also add ethnicity is used by the government to classify people. Example my grandparents are Chicano (essentially a mix of both Spanish and Native American). My family has been in southwestern US since it belonged to Spain. However, my grandparents birth certificate say Caucasian. Mine is Hispanic. The classification/subgroup of Hispanic/Latina didn’t necessarily exist in US government until later even people of my ethnicity have always been treated differently or discriminated against. I like the distinction of ethnicity because it serves as a reminder that Latino/Hispanic whatever you want to call us come from all races in all colors. Just want people to be aware because I have lighter skinned and darker skinned family and disheartens me when people argue with my lighter skinned family about being Latino/Chicano/Hispanic.
Carla MSM I was thinking of something cute that had to do with time travel or history. Since that’s what the channel is about. But I was thinking of “Paradox Phil” or “Timmy the time traveler” or something.
hmmm. this is complex. then how would you distinguish the shared cultural experience of black latinos with african americans? I am a white latina, and I share cultural experiences with white americans as well as all latins... if we retire "race" we negate some crossover spaces... what would I be called? white, or latina?
@@maryhayesphoto Our video host describes that ethnicities can be nested (arranged in tree structure). 'white latino' (if it meets the criteria for being an ethnicity - IDK) is a subset of White American and Latinos (the larger groups). Inheriting some characteristics from both larger groups and perhaps removing or replacing others.
There's nothing 'precise' about ethnicity. For instance, common heritage - how long? How many generations? 2? 3? 11? Besides, if one were to go by her definition, India's various castes could easily be branded as just various 'ethnicities'. They have shared identity, shared customs, long heritage and even often live in their own communities (by choice or force). I don't think too many people would be into that. Indeed, a whole swathe of vocation-based heritage (family / community jobs lasting many generations) across the world could could be classified as 'ethnicity', but aren't.
Massaman has released his map of World Ethnicities (which he seems quite proud of). He's got white latinos in there. I wouldn't read his comment section as he attracts a lot of nutbars (not me of course).
I find this channel amazing, I am from South Africa, as much as this may not fully relate to some of the historical issues in SA, I do find it helps to understand some issues especially when it comes to Europeans
These videos and thorough explanations are like brain candy. The host handles herself perfectly with great maturity. Thanks for the heads up on 'Say It Loud. "
Ethnicity isn't just something you "have", it's also something you *share*, not just within your ethnic group, but with others. I spent 6th through 9th grade (during the late 1960's) in a northern New Jersey neighborhood that was thoroughly mixed in every way possible. Nationalities, religions, wealth, careers, languages, clothes, the list goes on. When I started 9th grade (which was high school in my district), white was simply the largest minority. I felt special in that school, not because of my whiteness, but because I was clearly different from most of my classmates, which made me feel distinct and unique. In the middle of 9th grade, literally a month after the '60's ended, we moved to Michigan, to a town where 9th grade was part of junior high. Not only did I feel demoted, I also found myself in a uniform sea of white people, all of whom looked the same to me, the same *as* me. I lost my feeling of uniqueness, exchanged for being anonymous. The monochromatic and monolithic white culture was also confining, with everyone eating the same bland food, listening to the same music, wearing the same clothes. The pressure to conform to narrow definitions of identity was overwhelming. I didn't fit in. Back in my New Jersey neighborhood, "fitting in" wasn't even a thing. We just lived together, as neighbors, sharing our uniqueness and delighting in it. I knew songs in Yiddish, Greek, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Tagalog, German and more. (Well, mainly variations of the "Birthday Song", but still.) We also had an unwritten rule in that neighborhood: You only tell ethnic jokes about your own ethnic group. I collected WASP jokes, and if I heard a funny joke about another ethnicity, I'd share it privately with a friend in that group so they could tell it, for it wasn't mine to share publicly. Michigan was so impossibly different for me. Hearing whites tell black ethnic jokes felt strange, like the funny was killed and replaced with racism. Yet everyone swore they weren't racist. Confusing, to say the least. I was so glad when 9th grade ended. I longed to return to a high school. My new high school was still overwhelmingly white, but it had something else going for it: It was a center for exchange students. It helped, but each exchange student was pretty much an ethnic group of one, without their family around to build the group identity. Like me, most of them also were fish out of water. But I did get one thing out of it: By the time I graduated, I could exchange basic greetings in 7 languages! And I could swear like a sailor in 13 languages (including English). The swearing actually proved useful: When I was angry at someone and needed to vent, I'd simply curse in a different language. The person knew I was cursing, but had no clue what I was saying, and so couldn't take it personally. My favorite swearing language was Farsi, which sounds like poetry even when shouted in anger. The best language for insults was Brazilian Portuguese, especially if you wanted to take a macho fool down a peg. I graduated with a language for every situation! Of course, being able to swear so well meant there was only one path for me after graduation: I joined the US Navy, so I could swear *as* as sailor! This was the mid-'70's, when the Viet Nam War had just ended (yes, Viet Nam was two words back then), and the military was dealing with racism, sexism and drug problems. But once again I found myself in a melting pot, and felt so at home. Plus I also got to see the world and be unique in the best way possible: Just a few steps away from my ship and I was completely outside my own culture. Free. Truly unique. I have so many stories... Those experiences formed me, fundamentally determining my views of the world and the people in it. I wish I could implant my experiences in others, since words are so inadequate to describe their visceral reality. Ethnicity isn't simply something that makes us different: It's a huge part of what makes us *interesting*!
Odd that you would need ethnicity to make you feel special. Or maybe not, since some people require external markers for that feeling. What truly makes you unique is not superficial trappings but rather your character, your interests, your gifts as a human being.
This is a very interesting video, and now explains why in the US there is a massive divide amongst the Irish and blacks whereas in the UK you’ll find lots of black (mostly Caribbean) and Irish families mixed together and that is because in the UK both groups were ostracised and so formed their own community
Getting the poor and Disenfranchised to fight each other rather then ban together is what has always kept the 1% on top in our history and continues to keep them on top today.
In Trinidad and Tobago,and also Guyana, the major ethnicities are african and indian. Because of the mixing, in the last census they created a special "mixed" category of those two races only and another mixed category for other racial mixes; european, chinese, middle eastern, indigenous. The colloquial term for someone of afro-indo descent is "Dougla" and even with this category, there are different varieties as well depending on what features you retain from each eg. Complexion, hair type. A popular “dougla” Is actually Nicki Minaj (Real name Onika Maraj) It’s very interesting for a small island to be extremely diverse racially. Something we are very proud of :)
RG Fleuridor umm yeah, as in the nationality... if u thought the indigenous, they’re called by their tribal names. In this case, the Tainos and Kalinagos or Caribs and Arawaks
African isn't an ethnicity. It's a continent....lol. ethnicity is a small group of biologically related people. Like Yoruba, somali, amhara, soninke etc.
Can you make a video on American Imperialism/Colonialism? Would like to learn more about the expansion of the US and involvement in the Filipino fight for independence. Also it would be nice to view a video on the evolution of textiles in American society ( i.e., the popularization of denim and polyester.) Thanks and keep up the great vids!
love your channel don't know you but am enchanted by your intellect and your sincerity to inform/educate your fellow travelers. The journey may seem long but the trip is imho worthwhile if you travel like you do
This video is all about ethnicity in the United States and does not consider what people in other countries think of as ethnic. A more appropriate title for the video would be "What is Ethnicity in the United States?".
@@LimeyLassen If one were to go by her definition, India's various castes could easily be branded as just various 'ethnicities'. They have shared identity, shared customs, long heritage and even often live in their own communities (by choice or force). I don't think too many people would be into that. Indeed, a whole swathe of vocation-based heritage (family / community jobs lasting many generations) across the world could could be classified as 'ethnicity', but aren't.
Mendicant Bias nope she’s right. In MOST of the world ethnicity is cultural tradition. Of course there’s going to gray areas, because not everything is black and white. It’s a complicated topic.
@@blumedechaos7001 I'm not talking about what's considered ethnicity by people across the world, but rather just applying her definition to see how robust it is. She didn't say ethnicity is what people consider ethnicity, she gave a definition ('culture' could refer to almost anything, and is since it's used for identifiers as varied as language, religion, tribe, nation, etc.) And so if you were to simply take that definition at face value, a wide variety of things could be described as ethnicity (the samurai of Japan, for another example, despite that usually they're only considered a social class - but they did have their own culture and way of life, distinct from the rest of the Japanese population, and heritage). Saying it's complicated comes off merely as trying to make excuses for an inadequate definition. It would work if the gray areas were few and far between, but they aren't (vocation-based social groups, for instance, are everywhere). Ethnicity is something people think they've got mostly because of the 'I know it when it when I see it' effect i.e. they're so used to just ascribing it automatically. I'm deliberately not doing that, simply extrapolating from her explanation. Is it any wonder that almost all her examples, and what most people would ascribe to ethnicity, are more precisely 'national' identities (some current, some from past countries)? Yet she didn't say nationality is ethnicity - on purpose, as that would exclude loads of peoples, some differentiated by their religion (the Yazidis, for example), some by language (you'll find hundreds in PNG), etc. But by trying to be inclusive by not equating it with national origins (and this includes past nations, even if the ethnic group is currently subsumed such as in India), she's also potentially including a whole swathe of other things that aren't typically considered ethnicities (using the 'I know it when I see it' heuristic).
This is the best explanation of Ethnicity that I have ever heard in my life. I always struggled with understanding the entity of a group of people. Especially the feeling of belonging in that group or belonging in a set of groups. Going in another direction the assumption put on a group of people. Group X can't cook Group Y are great swimmers. It's majority statistics at its worst. This helps a bunch. Thank you!
I watched a movie called Gangs of New York, NOT ALL of it was TRUE but it is a Historical movie in my opinion and I learned a lot from it. Love how you talk a lot about that movie without even talking or mentioning that movie. A must watch.
This is really interesting, and a terrific brief lesson. Thanks! My family all came to the USA in the late 1800s, and all of them were Slavs. They were Poles, Rusyns (Lemkos), and Croats. While all were among the greater Slavic community, they are divided by Western, Eastern and Southern Slavs. Further complicating it is the injection of religion as cultural markers. Poles are most often Roman Catholic, while my Lemko family was Ukrainian Greek Catholic. In the Balkan countries that once made up Yugoslavia, you have Roman Catholics, Muslims and Eastern Orthodox creating huge cultural divisions among people who have more genetically in common than they'd like to believe they do. These religious markers are starkly aligned to how Yugoslavia was divided into different countries after the 1990s Balkan wars. Religion seems to meet the requirements of heritage and culture to further define/refine ethnicity. In the case of the Slavs, Is it fair to say that religion has created sub-ethnicities?
The podcast 'Scene on Radio' has a great series about the history of whiteness. They go into detail on the economic, political, and social aspects, and how whiteness has arbitrarily accommodated and rejected various ethnicities. The Virginia Colony, for example, made sure that John Rolf's descendants had an exemption carved out, making sure their native heritage didnt mess with their property rights.
Thank you for clearly explaining, with easy to follow examples, some of the most difficult concepts. I love learning and challenging myself to understand better, and your channel helps!
as a northeuropean from scandinavia, new geneological evidence has shown that the original scandinavians comes from 3 diffrent migrationgroups in the stone age, the western that was darkskinned with blue eyes, the eastern what was fairskinned with dark eyes, and the indo-european Yamnaya from the southeastern european steppe
Thank you for this video! It was very informative and explained well. I still find myself filling out forms that won’t let me check Hispanic for Ethnicity (when my mother is from Mexico and has Mexican parents) and Black/African American as my Race (My Dad’s ancestors are confirmed slaves). Suggesting that my ethnicity cannot be Hispanic and my Race African-American for some reason??? Edit: I just find it confusing that I have to choose when I have experienced both cultures and both are a big part of my life.
I think we should expand (political) representation to somewhere in-between race and ethnicity. Nations/cultures/races tend to have importantly nuanced ways of governing themselves, as in certain education styles, different languages, healthcare styles, deathcare styles and ways to include children and elderly. At the moment, the assimilatory American/Canadian (and, well, nation-state) models are trying to flatten and assimilate. Why can we not properly breakdown governance of childcare, eldercare, healthcare, deathcare and education into different nations' jurisdictions? Like, here in BC (British Cascadia as I like to call it), we have such a plurality of nations, each with active cultures surrounding how best to deal with these issues, why not just allow the school districts to be culturally-tied instead of regionally so? Let the other nations come together, govern themselves as they wish (which they already do, but now make it legitimate) and work alongside the current political foundations (provinces, territories, states). It would ease up on the province's (state's/territory's) finances by a lot if suddenly only a small group of people needed access to the provincially-run hospital or state-run schools. We do not need to remove the current structures (unless they become unused), we just need to decentralise and de-discriminate our governing.
I also think we need to end the reserve/ation system and just recognise that the United states and territories and Canada's provinces and territories are simply just a drawn-on layer on top of a rich tapestry of (often overlapping) Indigenous countries. Vast majority of First Nations (as well as Inuit, Métis and other Indigenous peoples) are still here... why can we not simply recognise their countries exist? Name them, locate them, work with them... Is that not nation-to-nation? ...I also think we should syphon all environmental, land, water, etc. laws to the Indigenous countries and their [Indigenous] legal traditions. Because we are all dead if we do not do something about the global climate catastrophe
Thats a lovely sentiment and one I wish we could afford to agree with, as a culture. Sadly we exist in a context where the artificial concept of race is still systemically implemented to hurt and oppress people, and pretending that it doesn’t exist, or that it doesnt influence us, is about as useful to the real people who are hurt because of race as sticking our fingers in our ears.
Duece, thank you for articulating your thoughts associated with the emoji you used. Originally you just posted 🤦🏾♂️, which wasn’t really helpful to the conversation. To all: I understand that not everyone will agree with my choice not to fixate on skin color, eye, color, and skull shape. I also understand that people are treated very differently because of those features, and that race has real-life consequences. My choice of perception is an attempt to celebrate unity rather than stoke the negativity that comes with division. I also respect those who prefer to stick with scientific classifications. Have a wonderful day.
I love the series - you offer very informative, well-documented primers on complex topics. I may be asking for the moon, but on this topic at least it might be helpful to reach outside of the American context. For most Americans, race has subsumed ethnicity (with the telling exception of Latinos, the one “ethnic” group that has contemporary salience), but in the much of the world ethnic differences are still paramount. I was born in Poland, and if they’d let me I’d put Polish down as my race. I don’t even know what white means as an identity - I recognize that I am treated better as a result of that (which is grotesquely unjust), but I kind of feel like I’m just passing all the time.
The crazy thing about that is if you put Polish down as a race today in America you would have a harder time getting the job. Which like you said is pretty grotesque.
I imagine that attitudes towards the Irish might have been born out of the dynamics of the relationship between Ireland and England, at least as far as the Americans of English descent are concerned.
Yes the Irish were called savages by the English during the potato famine when meny Irish immigrants moved to the slums in London and couldn`t find work.
Definitely were passed down. The other major factor was the wide majority of Irish that came to the US were Catholic, and America being a vehemently Protestant country presented major problems. It’s ironic because the Anglo Irish Protestants that came didn’t face much of the same discrimination at all.
As a polish american, most Americans of polish decent will in fact claim to be polish, not just white. The reason is that poles left Europe because of Russians invading Poland and wanting a better chance in life. Because of the Russification of Poland, polish is still taught in schools and spoken in the home of the decedents of these immigrants. This is why there is a strong connection to our history and pride in our people. Bad example at 5:30 to use polish. But loved the educational video.
I actually find race harder to define and ethnicity easier. Race is an annoying thing that's a social construct, I mean just take a look at Latin America where you would expect them to have a separate race but they don't. However they can't relate to the rest of their assigned race. Ethnicity however is easier and you can decide whether you want associate with your tribe, country, region or state.
Dave, they are usually identified physically as Jews. my uncle's wife very much looks like a jew and is consistently identified as such , she is a secular jew. But Hindu is not on a " want to be basis", its both its own ethnicity and religion, Hindi speakers aren't always Hindu and can even be muslims . Hindus are both distinct within the same nation but they also identify as asian .
¿Que? please expand on this. do you mean that Latino and Hispanic folks are not racist? I agree, if that's what you mean. They can have prejudice against others, but aren't racist. Cause white folks are the only ones that can be racist.. cause they hold they control stuff (in the U.S. anyway). This can change though.. Shout out to Alexandria Cortez-Ocasio❤
@@bigbluefrog latinos can be pretty racist. As anyone else can. I say this as a Chilean watching how other chileans mistreat immigrants in my country. Also some Latinos are white, so even by your standard we can be racist.
If one were to go by her definition, India's various castes could easily be branded as just various 'ethnicities'. They have shared identity, shared customs, long heritage and even often live in their own communities (by choice or force). I don't think too many people would be into that. Indeed, a whole swathe of vocation-based heritage (family / community jobs lasting many generations) across the world could could be classified as 'ethnicity', but aren't. You're right to be still confused. It means you weren't already clear about it before coming here, looking merely for confirmation of your worldview (unlike a lot of the people here in the comments).
Is ethncity genetic? I know race isn't and is a constructed division formed during the period of African slavery but how do they get ethnic breakdown on DNA tests. Is it just that they get DNA samples from people who are in certain regions currently and then attribute that DNA if it's in your sequence to that ethnicity or is the ethnicity itself truly a genetic thing. Because in DNA testing I've noticed that there are no ethnic groups on this side of the world, the western side of the world besides Native American or indigenous. You don't see things like Puerto Rican or African-American or Anglo-Saxon American or anything of that nature. That's why I'm wondering if it's a genetic thing which is ethnicity or if it's just that since do the history of the western hemisphere of how mainly everyone on this side of the world is a mixture and multitude of things because everyone is an immigrant that they're cannot be any sort of Base ethnicity if you want to say it like that besides native groups because they've been here for hundreds of years. I know genetic differences and haplogroups give variance into our phenotypes but is that necessarily genetically different in terms of biological factors?
uhh they go by ancestral markers that they use for general continents and given we've mapped even more specific groups we can kinda pin down your ethnic origins due to how certain ethnic gorups were isolated form one another like geneticists find alleles in french populations they don't find in spaniard, or german populations.
@@Mabasei so it is the way I said it above essentially. They take DNA sampling from people in certain regions and then compare people who send a DNA test to there DNA or genetic database. Because when I look at some of DNA test that are commercial, besides the fact that they have different confidence ratings which I find out many people don't notice and they think that everything is set in stone, even though ironically ancestry DNA just updated their databases and millions of people's DNA ethnic makeup changed, I've also noticed that there is a area where it says the average makeup of a Finnish person from Finland or ghanian person from Ghana and even they won't be 100% ghanian or finish or British or whatever ethnicity you want to insert. Sometimes people are for the average person but I think I remember seeing that the average French person was only 94% French. It's very interesting. I do work in genealogy and study genetics and I was more asking these questions to Foster discussion within the comments but I am still learning myself as any scientist as always. Thank you for your response
I'd say not really. We can sort of pin down ethnicity using genetic markers because ethnicity is defined by your ancestors and the culture surrounding that. However we don't recognize the ethnicity solely by genetic markers but also the culture surrounding ones heritage.
@@ExatedWarrior so you would say not really to what? You would say that ethnicity is not genetic and is more based on Regional couplings and what we attribute as a an ethnicity through history Heritage and culture? I'm just trying to get clarification.
This was great! I work in transplantation, and I've been arguing this topic because it is a factor in determining demographics and ratings for success. The contracted rating agency decided, on their own, that Hispanics/Latinos are a sub category of the white race... even though the data is collected separately, so people can choose one or both/more. It skewed the data because the national data collection allows any race or ethnicity to be selected, so the rating agency started adding White to anyone who selected a Hispanic origin... regardless of how patients identified themselves. Besides being bad data management, I'm always annoyed by people thinking Spaniards immigrated to the Americas, and that the Natives aren't even considered, since most (non-Island) Hispanics range from 30-70% Native, 2-5% African, and 20-45% European.
I've watched 3 of your videos now. You are extremely well spoken and intelligent. I hope you're a professor somewhere teaching History. I hung onto every word you stated. I would love to be a student of yours if you are a professor. I'm sharing everything of yours that I've watched. Great info!!
So well put Danielle, as always. While the Irish and other white groups of people did have periods of persecution, most recently Jews, groups of white people do not deal with persecution today, while people of other colors still deal with this everyday. I come from a Jewish background and I know that when I meet people they do not generally immediately see my Jewishness and judge me, with preconceived thoughts, based on it. The same can not be said about people of color. Also there are major differences in severity that different groups have had to deal with, with persecution, it is not right to say Irish have dealt with the persecution of the same level that black people have, for as long as black people have.
Never saw you before. Very nice, but dense -- I have to listen a few more times. You hit a few of my sweet buttons. First (and biggest in my mind) -- LANGUAGE. There are two phrases I always think of when I think of race. One is a line from Cosi Fan Tutte (1789), where the cynical narrator says of those who profess undying love: "This kind of people is always the first to fall". The Italian is "Questa raza di gente ..." , where "raza" clearly means "class" or "type" of people. The second phrase is the Latin American name for Columbus Day -- The Day of the Race. This is clearly not a matter of phenotype, but only about common language. So it's always with a bit of a head-scratch that I recall learning race as geographically related body type. When did THAT happen? Who made that rule? (Ya know, "gender" also once meant "kind". By the time it got to me, it was a property of words in European grammar. Now it means "sex", and "sex" means "coitus". Language is slippery stuff.) BTW, at that time (when I was in grade school), the "races" came from the Americas, Africa, Australia, and Eurasia. The Eurasians were divided into Caucasoid and Mongoloid people at the Himalayas*. Back then, Indians were white people, just very dark - even darker than mid-easterners and Mediterraneans. But their eyes, noses, cheekbones, hands, bottoms and feet were the same as Europeans, so they didn't get their own race. I think they do now. Maybe it's an Equal Time thing. That's enough from me for a first volley, but I've gotta add that I had an interesting bit of language just tonight. My wife and I struck up some conversation with a fellow queue stander. Our sandlot friend used the phrase "ethnic Chinese" referring to my wife. I said "she's not ETHNIC Chinese. She IS Chinese. First generation American maybe, but I don't think you get to be ethnic Chinese unless you were born here and all your ancestors were from over there." I was happy to see you see things my way. (Ah, don't we love it when people agree with us!) Alas, I think this too is just a matter of the imprecision of [current?] language. So thanks. I look forward to seeing more of your things. *To THIS DAY I don't know why Europe and Asia are called continents. It's one giant land mass, not even two joined at the hip. Lately they've accorded the Indian region subcontinentship, but I don't think the Portugal-to-Korea (Iceland-to-Japan?) stretch deserves two whole continents, let alone three. (Unless there's a geological reason I don't know about. A known unknown.)
My ethnicity is Bengali. But I'm an Indian. However 'Indian' is not an ethnicity. It's a nationality. You have to understand that being a 'korean' is both an ethnicity and a nationality within Korea. But within India,the term 'Indian' is just a nationality and not at all an ethnicity or a race or language. It's just when Indians go abroad and permanently starts to live there,'Indian' becomes an ethnicity from nationality for other people who're viewing the Indians. As a result the abroad people never get to know the actual ethnicities of those Indians whether they're Punjabi,Bengali,Marathi,Gujrati, Tamilian,Telegu or Maliyali and the list goes on.
I'm half German British and half Chinese and grew up in a very white town near London. I used to be insecure about it, but of course there's no point in that. Because in the words of Phil Wang the comedian, "People have tried to tell me I'm a minority. I'm like, I'm both majorities, bitch. I'm alien and predator." 😂❤
God, I love you. This solidifies my thought process in such a way higher than I could ever have reached on my own. Just the complexity you were able to simplify made me happy.
I am very white (blue eyed ginger) but I am also Latina. I am often told that I can’t be both, as if my skin color makes it so I have to give up my culture. But I was born in Brazil and my first language was Portuguese.
I understand I have a lot of privilege and advantages, but some Americans act like I’m faking being Latina to be exotic or some shit.
@Ramsay Bolton See, now imagine if she didn't have that. How much worse it could be.
Dont let my fellow American put that false choice on you! They are literally stuck in black-white thinking, and will take generations to get out of that dead end.
@Ramsay Bolton Rich coming from a guy posing as Ramsay Bolton, a noble's bastard! He knew all about simultaneously being privileged and discriminated against.
@Ramsay Bolton Big words coming from a pile of dog poo XD! Everybody cheered for that scene.
Sounds like you’re race is Caucasian, but you are ethnically Brazilian. Even if you are first generation Brazilian, you’re Brazilian American. To have such rare recessive traits, odds are pretty good that your ancestors were predominantly European, in that what she mentioned, “Iberian” (Portuguese) mixing with northern European “Anglo Saxon). You are culturally Hispanic/Latin, but when you are lighter skinned than most Caucasians, it raises questions. Personally I question if Portuguese or Spaniards are Latin or Hispanic, since those who were born in those countries did not really mix with the natives of South America, and though influenced, have different cultures. But born and raised in Brazil, regardless of race makes you culturally, Brazilian. I would just tell people that.
Your patience is incredible. As an Irish person (like actually Irish, not Irish-American - very different ethnicity and culture!), it's enraging to hear when people try to conflate the Irish experience with the black experience in America. I had never heard of the 1863 riots and I'm disgusted but not surprised that immigrants tried to raise themselves up by tearing black Americans down.
I might have to watch this video a few times to really catch all the nuance, and I love that. You don't dumb anything down and pack each video so full of useful information. And again, you have more patience and poise than I ever even hope to have!
Loved reading your comment
I'm first generation (my mom's from Belfast) and it's shocking what some Irish Americans think about minorities. A few years ago Bernadette Devlin was invited to speak at some event in Boston for Saint Patrick's Day and they all assumed she was gonna give some feel good speech about Irish pride and she spent the entire time telling them that they're all hypocritical for being racist.
Thank you. Its irritating listening to nonsense over here like "Irish slaves", or the whole anti-irish issue in 19th century NYC, especially when irish immigrants and 2nd generation irish americans owned slaves or terrorized blacks because they were pissed off at President Lincoln. They felt they were better than us, and that attitude still lingers in some decendants in the US to this day.
What the hell are these posts on about?
They make no sense in relation to the video, other than talk of the Irish... 😕
@@punkrockbenny 😂😂😂😂YES!
“Curious over thinker” is one of the most brilliant euphemisms I’ve ever come across. Bravo!!
Lol
Tfw a channel promoting education and presented by an academic uses 'overthinking' as a dog-whistle to call out people...
Mendicant Bias dog-whistling is distinct from a euphemism.
@@nickc3657 And splitting hairs is different from counterarguing. It works for you only because you don't use that term - to you they're probably not 'thinkers' at all, but rather some other choice words. And yet the vid used that term, because it anticipated that that's what they'd actually be doing - being critical. You'd rather not think of their criticisms as 'thinking', despite that being what's involved, and hence choose to take 'curious overthinker' as a 'euphemism', rather than just a neutral description of what they're doing (well, somewhat, since the 'over' implies it's excessive, a strange attitude for an academic to promote). You wouldn't recognize it as such though, since ironically critically thinking about the video isn't something you're interested in, just uncritically celebrating it.
Mendicant Bias She did address their criticisms concretely though.
I love that you don't preach, you just educate.
Did we watch the same video? This seemed very much the typical preachy propaganda that is typical by outlets like PBS.
Yes. And LOL, just like the person who made the first comment people are so stuck in their ignorance and bias that they don't even listen to facts or research or history to learn something new and why things are hey way they are today. That's the whole reason it's called origins of everything
Err...this channel comes across as very preachy, albeit that's only partly due to the videos themselves while the other part is typically due to the fairly skewed (ideologically) community it's gathered around it that you see in the comments. And funnily enough, I can say this as someone who's not white and in fact comes from a place with a wealth of people's well-accepted as having ethnicities, including in this very video (India).
I'm not saying there's no bias. It's definitely coming from one side more than another, but rather than telling people what/how to think, she presents facts.
@@alyssam8550 Insofar as the history is concerned, sure I can agree with that.
her hair is amazing, looking healthy and full
It's profoundly beautiful and REAL! I'm proud of her!
Black girl magic ✊🏾
I was thinking the same thing💖
I love it how that's the only thing you got from watching an educational video.... Someone's fucking hairstyle. Wow.
@@tarynmosakowski3512 did she lie tho?
i'm second/third generation american from italy and poland. it's very hard to explain the ideas of ethnicity vs race to my older family members. They still feel they aren't as privileged as other whites (or even argue that they aren't white because they aren't "WASPs,") but in modern America, that is not the truth. they look back on the black people who they once shared poor neighborhoods with who were unable to escape due to systematic racism and judge them for not being able to do what they did, not realizing that their whiteness is what enabled them to get ahead. "If I could do it, so can they." They use this mindset as an excuse to have racist attitudes, and it's incredibly frustrating because they refuse to listen.
This is one of the most insightful and astute comments I have seen on TH-cam about the consequences of race and social mobility.
mads. Best comment ever
What an amazing comment.
mads those ppl are just ignorants , don’t worry
Wow. This is so sad and scary. How long will this mindset about blacks last? Geesh thanks for the comment.
Ethnicity is a very interesting topic in US/ Latin American relations:
Most people of Latin America don't really consider themselves a separate ethnicity all on their own until they move to the US/Canada. Prior to that, they're white, black, native, mixed, etc.
Though there are definitely separate ethnic groups within Latin America such as the many native groups, jews, romani etc.
So if, say, a mixed jew from Uruguay moved to the US, they'd have two separate ethnicities and one, or more, race.
Mark all that apply. Mixed and biracial isnt a race. One day race wont even be a thing but we arent theyre yet. Just live your best life
Latino is a culture that anyone of any race can be a part of and their is a history of Life Education and anti Blackness throughout Latin America. Latin America has kind of behind on the implications place. For example Mexico is a great example. Or many Caribbean islands. It's very complicated and nuanced
@@nikibronson133 saying biracial isn"t a race is kind of like saying Green isn"t a color. I hope what I said makes sense.
Well, Hispanic/Latino isn't seen as a "Race" by the U.S. Census Bureau but as an ethnicity, people like the baseball player Miñoso or the famous actress Zoë Saldaña are both racially "African-Americans" but ethnically "Hispanic/Latino".
@@-haclong2366 african American is not a race. Its an ethnicity. Thats the issue. People use black and AA interchangeably but they are not. Black is the race. African American is the ethnicity. Its even mentioned in the video. Zoe would be Afro-whatever he country is. That would be her ethnicity. For example. She is black. Her ethnicity is Puerto Rican. Her nationality is Puerto Rican (once again this is an example, I dont know is she is PR). She is Afro Latino. Afro Latino = black. All African Americans are black but not all black people (especially on this side of the world) are African American. They're are different black ethncities in the African diaspora. Hispanic means soanish speaking and oesnt include Brazil. Latino is a culture thats does include brazil that anyone of any race can be a part of. These are basic anthropological definitions. Culture and ethnicity do have very similar definitions so i can understand where the confusion comes from. But thats why the census asks are you Latino or hispanic first and then asks your race. Like non black Hispanic or balck Hispanic for example. Most people who come to American and are black identify as their home nation like Nigerian American or Afro Domincan American. African Americans are a describes people descendant of slaves in the US with a unique culture and heritage.
This Irish mob riot and violent acts perpetrated against black people is explained by the Brazilian educator Paulo Freire, who wrote: "The oppressed, instead of striving for liberation, tend themselves to become oppressor" and "when the education is not intended to free people, the dream of the oppressed is become the oppressor" (this is my translation for the original phrase, so it can be known in english as other phrase, with the same meaning). The book "Pedagogy of the Oppressed" is a very good book.
Paulito didn't get it. The whole point was/is that new immigrants try to bond with caucasians in this country over their hatred for black people. It was true last century as it is true todaythen i've sat in spaces where black people were not part of the conversation , suddenly a foreigner would insult all black people out of the blue just to get kudos from caucasians.
Thank you for confirming my point. Your example fits exactly the quotes that I've supplied.
Paulo Freire destroyed Brazilian education.
@@AK-ne4og I thought that people would watch educational videos to learn, to not stay ignorant. I think that it hasn't started to have an effect on you yet. Keep watching . One day you will not be dumb. But today is not this day.
@@AK-ne4og Paulo freire was never implemented in the Brazilian educational system . If he had our educational system it would be better than it is now.
I knew the race laws were weird because my granny had a cousin who married a black man before mixed race marriages were legal in the United States because she was an Irish immigrant so she wasn't considered fully white in the eyes of the law.
that is weird.. how did the government react since she wasnt black and wasnt considered .. white? ?? weird
@@c.powell8472 From what I know they had a pretty good lawyer, but most of their legal issues came from the fact that it was still legal to refuse housing based on race so they were regularly turned away from or chased out of areas frequently.
@@punkrockbenny Oh damn, you are right about that. I'm really curious now. Did your Grandma's last name some how get passed down to you? How did you get your current last name?
@@c.powell8472 I took my mom's last name, but I'm Irish on both sides. My mom came to the States when she was a toddler and my dad's Irish American.
FYI Interracial marriage was governed by state law and many states never even had legislation prohibiting it. Some western states had laws that were turned over in late 19th early 20th century, but it was mainly a few southern states that were forced to allow interracial marriage by the Supreme Court. This is another big myth that people need to understand.
Using this in my Sociology class for context when I teach the chapter on Race. 📚📓👍☺
Please change the title to something like "what is ethnicity in the US?".
The title is quite misleading as the video ended up being very American centric. The definition of ethnicity for Americans is a lot more complex than it is for the rest of the world, since Americans are ethnically mixed. One black American person might be a mix of Igbo, Yoruba, Wolof, Akan, Irish and English. These are all distinct ethnic groups.
For an African their ethnicity is the group of people their share close heritage (lineage), region, distinct language and distinct traditions. So, their ethnicity would be, for example, Hausa or Somali or Beja etc. Even if they migrate to another country their future children will have their ethnicity as long as they marry their own ethnicity, otherwise that child's ethnicity will be mixed. That's why many people dislike interracial/inter-ethnic marriages/relationships.
Ethnicity is not interchangeable with race. All the African ethnic groups mentioned above would be classified as "black" when it comes to their race.
OMG this is so much better than any other online video I have seen on this topic. I taught Sociology for 12 years and this is really well done. Bravo! I was almost afraid to watch and be disappointed. Thank you.
It's so sad how Americans are tend to confuse between Nationalities, Ethnicities, and Race. In place I'm from, Race are Europeans, African, Asian, Native American, etc. Nationalities are Mexican, American, Canadian, etc. Ethnicities are German, French, Italian, etc.
It's easy to confuse Ethnicities and Nationalities, but the amount of "My race is Mexican" I heard from people on Internet is very concerning as Mexican is Nationality in my eyes.
Basically American classification:
1. White - actually not a race, just a subset of Caucasoid race, which is "light enough". Caucasians which are "dark enough" do not fit into this category. Basically "white" is a term of colorism.
2. Black - artificially lumping together different dark-skinned populations like "Negroid", "Pygmies" and "Capoid" (Khoi-San) people of Sub-Saharan Africa, some dark skinned Caucasians of North East Africa and "Australoid" people (Australian aboriginals, Papuans and Melanesians). Even though those groups have different anthropology, genetics and history... Not to say mixed-race people with any degree of "black" ancestry also fit here, if they look "black enough".
3. Asian - geographical term, lumps together all groups from 4/5 of Eurasia, which is beyond arbitrarily defined "Europe".
4. Native American - pretty good, all Natives of the Americas actually are a related population, BUT Eskimos (Inuits, Aleuts and others) are closer to Siberians, than other natives of the Americas.
5. Pacific Islander - lumps together Melanesians, Polynesians and Micronesians.
6. Hispanic and Latino - lumps together all people speaking Spanish and all from Latin America, independent of real race and ethnicity. Why do Spaniards fit in this category, Portuguese only sometimes do, and French and Italians do not?
Basically America should get rid of that nonsense classification scheme.
European is not a race, there are Europeans of all races, German, Italian, French etc are not ethnicities, they are nationalities, cause those are nations. Your comment is factually wrong on so many levels
@S S at least in the US that isn't the definition of white anymore, it is solely based on skin color
@S S I always thought I was more like the pink crayon but I was told growing up, and never heard anything different, people that look like me are white.
As an Indian (Punjabi), how tf am I supposed to identify with an 'Asian race', when I have very few physical similarities with a Korean, Mongolian, Uzbek or a Thai person lmao
I think this focuses too much on the view from the Americas. For the rest of the world, 'ethnicity' is not _so_ dependant on relatively recent migration or race, but more on centuries or even millennia old historical narratives of 'oneness'. Race is/was not necessarily significant, because historically, most ethnic groups were neighboured by other groups that looked pretty similar i.e. you can't reliably tell a Finn from a Swede based on appearance alone, nor Oromo people from Amharas. 'Ethnic groups' are/were generally marked by a distinct language (which not every member of the ethnicity necessarily speaks, but the mere fact it exists re-enforces a sense of historicity to the group e.g. the existence of Welsh as a language lends to a sense that Welsh people are distinct from English people).
I don't think the idea of 'ethnicity' is as recent a concept as this video seems to suggest. The Romans and Greeks _adored_ talking about distinct groups of people who weren't necessarily politically united, but shared common linguistic and cultural traits (and generally a homeland) e.g. Germanic tribes, Thracians, Illyrians, Britons, Gauls...etc. And, as far as I can tell, other civilisations categorised people in along these lines as well. Sure, the _term_ 'ethnicity' is recent, but the idea of it is as old as humanity itself.
Of course, this is definitely not to say ethnic groups are unchanging - pick any given one and you tend to see a long history of invasions, mass migrations and politics that can split, merge or otherwise fundamentally alter the socio-cultural boundaries of the 'group', but they are relatively persistent historically, particularly outside the Americas.
It's because she's American. :] Your comment is very informative, tho! I didn't know that about the Romans..
This focus on the US is because the US formally uses this, and expects others to conform to their definition of race/ethnicity in paperwork. Similar concepts exist elsewhere, (as you nicely point out) but this was a specific question :)
Heritage
@@c.powell8472 the Romans thought that because the Celts lived in the cold it made them violent and vain, while people living south of the (in Africa) were lazy because of the heat. Only the Romans were perfect cos they lived in the perfect climate.
Those stereotypes live on today - fighting Irish and lazy Africans!
I disagree with this (respectfully - I hope) I don't know where you are from but I'm going to assume Europe, correct me if I am wrong.
I think because we are all aware of America's racism problem, we tend not to think about racism in our own countries, but I can tell you when polish people started coming to ireland, we were less than welcoming.
And while it is true that you can't tell someone's country of origin as easily in Europe doesn't mean that we haven't tried. Have you ever seen old racist cartoons the British drew of the Irish for example. Then there is the way we historical treated the Jews (big nose joke was made even in Life Of Brian) to take a modern example those Polish I mentioned were stereotyped to have very very pale skin. Another example is in northern Ireland - I have a friend there that says she can tell a unionist from a republican in the space of 5 mins... Which is obviously nonsense.
I can't speak for racsim I, like most white Europeans, do not really understand race in my own country because America really dominants the conversation. But for those reading this I do recommend "why I'm no longer speaking to white people about race"
I can however say with some confidence that we have a long history of judging based on a ethinisity.
Anyways this comment is so long and on my phone that I don't even know if it's a reply to yours!!! I just had some throughts about Europe and its history of categorising people. Reply if you also have thoughts or just have a nice day 😊😊😊
Living in The Netherlands for 10yrs. I’m referred to as American. Not Black American. I find that refreshing.
What do u think of the holiday Black pete
Neo Kaidu I think it’s a racist tradition that needs to be eliminated. Just like calling someone with dark skin Black. And you?
@@Orfeus3000 iam african i just wanted opinion from a black person that lives over there
Neo Kaidu I don’t know any Black People. So you’ll have to keep asking. Or travel to the Netherlands yourself maybe you can find a Black Person. Good luck!
Archetype Archetype
if you don't like the traditions then leave no one should change for foreigners
You are amazing! I know you probably get a lot of negative responses to the work you are doing, but please don't stop. I learn something from all of your videos and love you ground them in scholarship and not opinion. Good work!
I would like to also add ethnicity is used by the government to classify people. Example my grandparents are Chicano (essentially a mix of both Spanish and Native American). My family has been in southwestern US since it belonged to Spain. However, my grandparents birth certificate say Caucasian. Mine is Hispanic. The classification/subgroup of Hispanic/Latina didn’t necessarily exist in US government until later even people of my ethnicity have always been treated differently or discriminated against. I like the distinction of ethnicity because it serves as a reminder that Latino/Hispanic whatever you want to call us come from all races in all colors. Just want people to be aware because I have lighter skinned and darker skinned family and disheartens me when people argue with my lighter skinned family about being Latino/Chicano/Hispanic.
That teddy bear is so beautiful, it's distracting
I was also mesmerized by the hourglass.
Carla MSM now I can’t keep my eye off the bear since you mentioned it.
@@alf3488 He should be named, he's so cute.
Carla MSM I was thinking of something cute that had to do with time travel or history. Since that’s what the channel is about. But I was thinking of “Paradox Phil” or “Timmy the time traveler” or something.
Of course.. It's an German bear haha
Complex. I think it could be made somewhat easier if we just retire the term 'race'. Ethnicity is a much more versatile and precise term.
hmmm. this is complex. then how would you distinguish the shared cultural experience of black latinos with african americans? I am a white latina, and I share cultural experiences with white americans as well as all latins... if we retire "race" we negate some crossover spaces... what would I be called? white, or latina?
@@maryhayesphoto Our video host describes that ethnicities can be nested (arranged in tree structure). 'white latino' (if it meets the criteria for being an ethnicity - IDK) is a subset of White American and Latinos (the larger groups). Inheriting some characteristics from both larger groups and perhaps removing or replacing others.
There's nothing 'precise' about ethnicity. For instance, common heritage - how long? How many generations? 2? 3? 11? Besides, if one were to go by her definition, India's various castes could easily be branded as just various 'ethnicities'. They have shared identity, shared customs, long heritage and even often live in their own communities (by choice or force). I don't think too many people would be into that. Indeed, a whole swathe of vocation-based heritage (family / community jobs lasting many generations) across the world could could be classified as 'ethnicity', but aren't.
@@maryhayesphoto you would be of the Italic race since you are probably fully Spanish.
Massaman has released his map of World Ethnicities (which he seems quite proud of). He's got white latinos in there. I wouldn't read his comment section as he attracts a lot of nutbars (not me of course).
This series is so phenomenal. Concise and so revealing about so many things. #stan Danielle Bainbridge
I always feel like learning ẁith origin everything.
Cool, but I'm wondering about the origin of "ẁ" instead of "w". Frankly, I didn't know that that grapheme existed before today.
Welsh! -- cymraeg.llyw.cymru/services/Technology/howto/teipio-acenion/?lang=en
Nothing but good vibes when it's Danielle, and a Bavarian teddy bear on the screen! I love her work.
I find this channel amazing, I am from South Africa, as much as this may not fully relate to some of the historical issues in SA, I do find it helps to understand some issues especially when it comes to Europeans
These videos and thorough explanations are like brain candy. The host handles herself perfectly with great maturity. Thanks for the heads up on 'Say It Loud. "
The host is so pretty!
Niki Bronson right,skincare routine now
Where
Ethnicity isn't just something you "have", it's also something you *share*, not just within your ethnic group, but with others.
I spent 6th through 9th grade (during the late 1960's) in a northern New Jersey neighborhood that was thoroughly mixed in every way possible. Nationalities, religions, wealth, careers, languages, clothes, the list goes on. When I started 9th grade (which was high school in my district), white was simply the largest minority. I felt special in that school, not because of my whiteness, but because I was clearly different from most of my classmates, which made me feel distinct and unique.
In the middle of 9th grade, literally a month after the '60's ended, we moved to Michigan, to a town where 9th grade was part of junior high. Not only did I feel demoted, I also found myself in a uniform sea of white people, all of whom looked the same to me, the same *as* me. I lost my feeling of uniqueness, exchanged for being anonymous. The monochromatic and monolithic white culture was also confining, with everyone eating the same bland food, listening to the same music, wearing the same clothes. The pressure to conform to narrow definitions of identity was overwhelming.
I didn't fit in. Back in my New Jersey neighborhood, "fitting in" wasn't even a thing. We just lived together, as neighbors, sharing our uniqueness and delighting in it. I knew songs in Yiddish, Greek, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Tagalog, German and more. (Well, mainly variations of the "Birthday Song", but still.)
We also had an unwritten rule in that neighborhood: You only tell ethnic jokes about your own ethnic group. I collected WASP jokes, and if I heard a funny joke about another ethnicity, I'd share it privately with a friend in that group so they could tell it, for it wasn't mine to share publicly.
Michigan was so impossibly different for me. Hearing whites tell black ethnic jokes felt strange, like the funny was killed and replaced with racism. Yet everyone swore they weren't racist. Confusing, to say the least.
I was so glad when 9th grade ended. I longed to return to a high school. My new high school was still overwhelmingly white, but it had something else going for it: It was a center for exchange students. It helped, but each exchange student was pretty much an ethnic group of one, without their family around to build the group identity. Like me, most of them also were fish out of water. But I did get one thing out of it: By the time I graduated, I could exchange basic greetings in 7 languages! And I could swear like a sailor in 13 languages (including English).
The swearing actually proved useful: When I was angry at someone and needed to vent, I'd simply curse in a different language. The person knew I was cursing, but had no clue what I was saying, and so couldn't take it personally. My favorite swearing language was Farsi, which sounds like poetry even when shouted in anger. The best language for insults was Brazilian Portuguese, especially if you wanted to take a macho fool down a peg. I graduated with a language for every situation!
Of course, being able to swear so well meant there was only one path for me after graduation: I joined the US Navy, so I could swear *as* as sailor! This was the mid-'70's, when the Viet Nam War had just ended (yes, Viet Nam was two words back then), and the military was dealing with racism, sexism and drug problems. But once again I found myself in a melting pot, and felt so at home. Plus I also got to see the world and be unique in the best way possible: Just a few steps away from my ship and I was completely outside my own culture. Free. Truly unique. I have so many stories...
Those experiences formed me, fundamentally determining my views of the world and the people in it.
I wish I could implant my experiences in others, since words are so inadequate to describe their visceral reality. Ethnicity isn't simply something that makes us different: It's a huge part of what makes us *interesting*!
Odd that you would need ethnicity to make you feel special. Or maybe not, since some people require external markers for that feeling. What truly makes you unique is not superficial trappings but rather your character, your interests, your gifts as a human being.
I've been a nerd for generations! Danielle at PBS Digital Studios said so herself!
Clear as crystal. I've heard so many TH-camrs explaining concepts in various areas, but this lady has such a smooth pristine voice !
This is a very interesting video, and now explains why in the US there is a massive divide amongst the Irish and blacks whereas in the UK you’ll find lots of black (mostly Caribbean) and Irish families mixed together and that is because in the UK both groups were ostracised and so formed their own community
I love your content, but particularly love how you get right into the topic without long splashy intros to your channel!
Getting the poor and Disenfranchised to fight each other rather then ban together is what has always kept the 1% on top in our history and continues to keep them on top today.
Exactly division .
That becomes a problem when the top %1 is unstable. Maybe the top %0.01
She always has such smart, informed posts. Great stuff!
In Trinidad and Tobago,and also Guyana, the major ethnicities are african and indian. Because of the mixing, in the last census they created a special "mixed" category of those two races only and another mixed category for other racial mixes; european, chinese, middle eastern, indigenous. The colloquial term for someone of afro-indo descent is "Dougla" and even with this category, there are different varieties as well depending on what features you retain from each eg. Complexion, hair type. A popular “dougla”
Is actually Nicki Minaj (Real name Onika Maraj) It’s very interesting for a small island to be extremely diverse racially. Something we are very proud of :)
Indian from Asia right?
RG Fleuridor umm yeah, as in the nationality... if u thought the indigenous, they’re called by their tribal names. In this case, the Tainos and Kalinagos or Caribs and Arawaks
they did the same in singapore they have Chindians , a porte-manteau for the obvious. They have many others that i kept hearing about when i was there
African isn't an ethnicity. It's a continent....lol. ethnicity is a small group of biologically related people. Like Yoruba, somali, amhara, soninke etc.
@@najma2613 first i read "soninke" , for that alone you get a like there is also Kassonkhe . Mali4ever
10th generation die hard nerd here! You are amazing and a true gem!
That part killed me Lmfaoo
Can you make a video on American Imperialism/Colonialism? Would like to learn more about the expansion of the US and involvement in the Filipino fight for independence. Also it would be nice to view a video on the evolution of textiles in American society ( i.e., the popularization of denim and polyester.) Thanks and keep up the great vids!
I would love to see some discussion about the Indigenous countries the USA is colonising right now and how that is being done in more detail, too!
I would also love to see how the Philippines engaged in internal colonialism to incorporate Mindanao and Sulu archipelagos.
love your channel don't know you but am enchanted by your intellect and your sincerity to inform/educate your fellow travelers. The journey may seem long but the trip is imho worthwhile if you travel like you do
Meneer Bugg, You are afrikaans.
Who else is here during the racial tensions in America following George Floyd's death?
Yep
pretty much everyone?
So glad you’re back!! You’re so informative! Thx you
This video is all about ethnicity in the United States and does not consider what people in other countries think of as ethnic. A more appropriate title for the video would be "What is Ethnicity in the United States?".
Yeah? What's different?
@@LimeyLassen If one were to go by her definition, India's various castes could easily be branded as just various 'ethnicities'. They have shared identity, shared customs, long heritage and even often live in their own communities (by choice or force). I don't think too many people would be into that. Indeed, a whole swathe of vocation-based heritage (family / community jobs lasting many generations) across the world could could be classified as 'ethnicity', but aren't.
Mendicant Bias nope she’s right. In MOST of the world ethnicity is cultural tradition. Of course there’s going to gray areas, because not everything is black and white. It’s a complicated topic.
I do not agree. Almost the same could be told about Germany, Russia, Ukraine (the countries I familiar enough with).
@@blumedechaos7001 I'm not talking about what's considered ethnicity by people across the world, but rather just applying her definition to see how robust it is. She didn't say ethnicity is what people consider ethnicity, she gave a definition ('culture' could refer to almost anything, and is since it's used for identifiers as varied as language, religion, tribe, nation, etc.) And so if you were to simply take that definition at face value, a wide variety of things could be described as ethnicity (the samurai of Japan, for another example, despite that usually they're only considered a social class - but they did have their own culture and way of life, distinct from the rest of the Japanese population, and heritage). Saying it's complicated comes off merely as trying to make excuses for an inadequate definition. It would work if the gray areas were few and far between, but they aren't (vocation-based social groups, for instance, are everywhere). Ethnicity is something people think they've got mostly because of the 'I know it when it when I see it' effect i.e. they're so used to just ascribing it automatically. I'm deliberately not doing that, simply extrapolating from her explanation. Is it any wonder that almost all her examples, and what most people would ascribe to ethnicity, are more precisely 'national' identities (some current, some from past countries)? Yet she didn't say nationality is ethnicity - on purpose, as that would exclude loads of peoples, some differentiated by their religion (the Yazidis, for example), some by language (you'll find hundreds in PNG), etc. But by trying to be inclusive by not equating it with national origins (and this includes past nations, even if the ethnic group is currently subsumed such as in India), she's also potentially including a whole swathe of other things that aren't typically considered ethnicities (using the 'I know it when I see it' heuristic).
This is the best explanation of Ethnicity that I have ever heard in my life.
I always struggled with understanding the entity of a group of people. Especially the feeling of belonging in that group or belonging in a set of groups.
Going in another direction the assumption put on a group of people. Group X can't cook Group Y are great swimmers. It's majority statistics at its worst.
This helps a bunch. Thank you!
The background music makes me think of wii games lol
I watched a movie called Gangs of New York, NOT ALL of it was TRUE but it is a Historical movie in my opinion and I learned a lot from it. Love how you talk a lot about that movie without even talking or mentioning that movie. A must watch.
This is really interesting, and a terrific brief lesson. Thanks! My family all came to the USA in the late 1800s, and all of them were Slavs. They were Poles, Rusyns (Lemkos), and Croats. While all were among the greater Slavic community, they are divided by Western, Eastern and Southern Slavs. Further complicating it is the injection of religion as cultural markers. Poles are most often Roman Catholic, while my Lemko family was Ukrainian Greek Catholic. In the Balkan countries that once made up Yugoslavia, you have Roman Catholics, Muslims and Eastern Orthodox creating huge cultural divisions among people who have more genetically in common than they'd like to believe they do. These religious markers are starkly aligned to how Yugoslavia was divided into different countries after the 1990s Balkan wars.
Religion seems to meet the requirements of heritage and culture to further define/refine ethnicity. In the case of the Slavs, Is it fair to say that religion has created sub-ethnicities?
In Balkans Croatians and Slovenes in are Catholics, Serbs are Orthodox, Bosnians are Muslims
It's 3:26 a.m. and I have to go to work in a few hours but can't put phone down because your content is so informative.
The podcast 'Scene on Radio' has a great series about the history of whiteness.
They go into detail on the economic, political, and social aspects, and how whiteness has arbitrarily accommodated and rejected various ethnicities. The Virginia Colony, for example, made sure that John Rolf's descendants had an exemption carved out, making sure their native heritage didnt mess with their property rights.
Thank you for clearly explaining, with easy to follow examples, some of the most difficult concepts. I love learning and challenging myself to understand better, and your channel helps!
I was hooting and clapping like this video was my favorite song lol, thanks for making this
as a northeuropean from scandinavia, new geneological evidence has shown that the original scandinavians comes from 3 diffrent migrationgroups in the stone age, the western that was darkskinned with blue eyes, the eastern what was fairskinned with dark eyes, and the indo-european Yamnaya from the southeastern european steppe
Thank you for this video! It was very informative and explained well. I still find myself filling out forms that won’t let me check Hispanic for Ethnicity (when my mother is from Mexico and has Mexican parents) and Black/African American as my Race (My Dad’s ancestors are confirmed slaves). Suggesting that my ethnicity cannot be Hispanic and my Race African-American for some reason??? Edit: I just find it confusing that I have to choose when I have experienced both cultures and both are a big part of my life.
Indian, Bengali. From Kolkata with love girl.. you are one of the best teacher in TH-cam. Huge Fan of your videos. Looking forward for new content 😊..
I think we should expand (political) representation to somewhere in-between race and ethnicity. Nations/cultures/races tend to have importantly nuanced ways of governing themselves, as in certain education styles, different languages, healthcare styles, deathcare styles and ways to include children and elderly. At the moment, the assimilatory American/Canadian (and, well, nation-state) models are trying to flatten and assimilate. Why can we not properly breakdown governance of childcare, eldercare, healthcare, deathcare and education into different nations' jurisdictions? Like, here in BC (British Cascadia as I like to call it), we have such a plurality of nations, each with active cultures surrounding how best to deal with these issues, why not just allow the school districts to be culturally-tied instead of regionally so? Let the other nations come together, govern themselves as they wish (which they already do, but now make it legitimate) and work alongside the current political foundations (provinces, territories, states). It would ease up on the province's (state's/territory's) finances by a lot if suddenly only a small group of people needed access to the provincially-run hospital or state-run schools. We do not need to remove the current structures (unless they become unused), we just need to decentralise and de-discriminate our governing.
I also think we need to end the reserve/ation system and just recognise that the United states and territories and Canada's provinces and territories are simply just a drawn-on layer on top of a rich tapestry of (often overlapping) Indigenous countries. Vast majority of First Nations (as well as Inuit, Métis and other Indigenous peoples) are still here... why can we not simply recognise their countries exist? Name them, locate them, work with them... Is that not nation-to-nation?
...I also think we should syphon all environmental, land, water, etc. laws to the Indigenous countries and their [Indigenous] legal traditions. Because we are all dead if we do not do something about the global climate catastrophe
Yes! all that... I could not habe pour it more eloquently; or really eloquently at all😁. So yes.. I think these are all very good ideas!
This channel is excellent! Thank you for this great content!
As far as I'm concerned, there's one race (human), and everything else is an ethnicity and/or nationality.
🤦🏾♂️Ugh... Humans are a species.
Thats a lovely sentiment and one I wish we could afford to agree with, as a culture. Sadly we exist in a context where the artificial concept of race is still systemically implemented to hurt and oppress people, and pretending that it doesn’t exist, or that it doesnt influence us, is about as useful to the real people who are hurt because of race as sticking our fingers in our ears.
Safiya Raheem says the mixed mongrel 😂💀
Duece Lee Productions they don’t hear you through bro , they are whitewashed dummies
Duece, thank you for articulating your thoughts associated with the emoji you used. Originally you just posted 🤦🏾♂️, which wasn’t really helpful to the conversation. To all: I understand that not everyone will agree with my choice not to fixate on skin color, eye, color, and skull shape. I also understand that people are treated very differently because of those features, and that race has real-life consequences. My choice of perception is an attempt to celebrate unity rather than stoke the negativity that comes with division. I also respect those who prefer to stick with scientific classifications. Have a wonderful day.
I love the series - you offer very informative, well-documented primers on complex topics. I may be asking for the moon, but on this topic at least it might be helpful to reach outside of the American context. For most Americans, race has subsumed ethnicity (with the telling exception of Latinos, the one “ethnic” group that has contemporary salience), but in the much of the world ethnic differences are still paramount. I was born in Poland, and if they’d let me I’d put Polish down as my race. I don’t even know what white means as an identity - I recognize that I am treated better as a result of that (which is grotesquely unjust), but I kind of feel like I’m just passing all the time.
The crazy thing about that is if you put Polish down as a race today in America you would have a harder time getting the job. Which like you said is pretty grotesque.
I imagine that attitudes towards the Irish might have been born out of the dynamics of the relationship between Ireland and England, at least as far as the Americans of English descent are concerned.
Yes the Irish were called savages by the English during the potato famine when meny Irish immigrants moved to the slums in London and couldn`t find work.
Definitely were passed down. The other major factor was the wide majority of Irish that came to the US were Catholic, and America being a vehemently Protestant country presented major problems. It’s ironic because the Anglo Irish Protestants that came didn’t face much of the same discrimination at all.
As a polish american, most Americans of polish decent will in fact claim to be polish, not just white. The reason is that poles left Europe because of Russians invading Poland and wanting a better chance in life. Because of the Russification of Poland, polish is still taught in schools and spoken in the home of the decedents of these immigrants. This is why there is a strong connection to our history and pride in our people. Bad example at 5:30 to use polish. But loved the educational video.
I actually find race harder to define and ethnicity easier. Race is an annoying thing that's a social construct, I mean just take a look at Latin America where you would expect them to have a separate race but they don't. However they can't relate to the rest of their assigned race. Ethnicity however is easier and you can decide whether you want associate with your tribe, country, region or state.
@PBS Origins,
Thank you for this informative video.
~Mackyle Wotring
What about the biological (DNA) aspects of ethnicity?
Cancelled
Thankful for these videos
A note that ethnoreligions are a thing, which is why someone can be ethnically Jewish, Hindu, etc. if they want to be.
Dave, they are usually identified physically as Jews. my uncle's wife very much looks like a jew and is consistently identified as such , she is a secular jew. But Hindu is not on a " want to be basis", its both its own ethnicity and religion, Hindi speakers aren't always Hindu and can even be muslims . Hindus are both distinct within the same nation but they also identify as asian .
Hinduism is not an ethnoreligion.
Wonderfully informative. I'm so glad I discovered this series.
Remember Latino and Hispanic are not races. Thank you
¿Que? please expand on this. do you mean that Latino and Hispanic folks are not racist? I agree, if that's what you mean. They can have prejudice against others, but aren't racist. Cause white folks are the only ones that can be racist.. cause they hold they control stuff (in the U.S. anyway). This can change though.. Shout out to Alexandria Cortez-Ocasio❤
@@bigbluefrog latinos can be pretty racist. As anyone else can. I say this as a Chilean watching how other chileans mistreat immigrants in my country. Also some Latinos are white, so even by your standard we can be racist.
Everyone can be racist SMH
@@turtle2720 I had a typo. Reread.
@@bigbluefrog I had a typo. Reread.
Huge fan of this channel! Keep up the interesting topics! Maybe one on canned/preserved foods and their origins ?
What does a ethnic group makes a ethnic group? I honestly still don’t understand
Being of similar (regional and cultural) decent.
It's more about culture. Language, religion, food, clothes, etc.
@@lavitorroja2632 you forgot common heritage
If one were to go by her definition, India's various castes could easily be branded as just various 'ethnicities'. They have shared identity, shared customs, long heritage and even often live in their own communities (by choice or force). I don't think too many people would be into that. Indeed, a whole swathe of vocation-based heritage (family / community jobs lasting many generations) across the world could could be classified as 'ethnicity', but aren't. You're right to be still confused. It means you weren't already clear about it before coming here, looking merely for confirmation of your worldview (unlike a lot of the people here in the comments).
I know I’m late, but I love that you just explain it from a neutral kind of point.
this video was extremely america-centric and did not really answer what an ethnicity is at all.. misleading title tbh
but as said in the opening statement it is about america not everybody else
Thank you very much. Your presentation is absolutely FABULOUS. Flawless!
So next time a white person of Anglo origin marries a Italian, ima call it "interracial couple" just to bug them.
😂🤣 Invite me and I’ll join.
I literally just started my race, ethnicity and inequality class so this is perfect timing
Is ethncity genetic? I know race isn't and is a constructed division formed during the period of African slavery but how do they get ethnic breakdown on DNA tests. Is it just that they get DNA samples from people who are in certain regions currently and then attribute that DNA if it's in your sequence to that ethnicity or is the ethnicity itself truly a genetic thing. Because in DNA testing I've noticed that there are no ethnic groups on this side of the world, the western side of the world besides Native American or indigenous. You don't see things like Puerto Rican or African-American or Anglo-Saxon American or anything of that nature. That's why I'm wondering if it's a genetic thing which is ethnicity or if it's just that since do the history of the western hemisphere of how mainly everyone on this side of the world is a mixture and multitude of things because everyone is an immigrant that they're cannot be any sort of Base ethnicity if you want to say it like that besides native groups because they've been here for hundreds of years. I know genetic differences and haplogroups give variance into our phenotypes but is that necessarily genetically different in terms of biological factors?
uhh they go by ancestral markers that they use for general continents and given we've mapped even more specific groups we can kinda pin down your ethnic origins due to how certain ethnic gorups were isolated form one another like geneticists find alleles in french populations they don't find in spaniard, or german populations.
@@Mabasei so it is the way I said it above essentially. They take DNA sampling from people in certain regions and then compare people who send a DNA test to there DNA or genetic database. Because when I look at some of DNA test that are commercial, besides the fact that they have different confidence ratings which I find out many people don't notice and they think that everything is set in stone, even though ironically ancestry DNA just updated their databases and millions of people's DNA ethnic makeup changed, I've also noticed that there is a area where it says the average makeup of a Finnish person from Finland or ghanian person from Ghana and even they won't be 100% ghanian or finish or British or whatever ethnicity you want to insert. Sometimes people are for the average person but I think I remember seeing that the average French person was only 94% French. It's very interesting. I do work in genealogy and study genetics and I was more asking these questions to Foster discussion within the comments but I am still learning myself as any scientist as always.
Thank you for your response
I'd say not really. We can sort of pin down ethnicity using genetic markers because ethnicity is defined by your ancestors and the culture surrounding that. However we don't recognize the ethnicity solely by genetic markers but also the culture surrounding ones heritage.
@@ExatedWarrior so you would say not really to what? You would say that ethnicity is not genetic and is more based on Regional couplings and what we attribute as a an ethnicity through history Heritage and culture? I'm just trying to get clarification.
@@nikibronson133 Ya, that's closer to how I'd think about it.
YAAAAAAAAASSSSSSS Thank you for making this!!!!
This was great! I work in transplantation, and I've been arguing this topic because it is a factor in determining demographics and ratings for success.
The contracted rating agency decided, on their own, that Hispanics/Latinos are a sub category of the white race... even though the data is collected separately, so people can choose one or both/more.
It skewed the data because the national data collection allows any race or ethnicity to be selected, so the rating agency started adding White to anyone who selected a Hispanic origin... regardless of how patients identified themselves.
Besides being bad data management, I'm always annoyed by people thinking Spaniards immigrated to the Americas, and that the Natives aren't even considered, since most (non-Island) Hispanics range from 30-70% Native, 2-5% African, and 20-45% European.
Thank you for this video!
I've watched 3 of your videos now. You are extremely well spoken and intelligent. I hope you're a professor somewhere teaching History. I hung onto every word you stated. I would love to be a student of yours if you are a professor. I'm sharing everything of yours that I've watched. Great info!!
tks to Danielle and the OoE Team =)
You present so well. I enjoy your videos, most informative. Thank you.
I like this series. And this host is good. Two thumbs up.
I really like her video's..she is great at explaining things.💞 keep up the awesome work!
Thank you for explaining the diff between race and culture. I've been wondering this for years.
So well put Danielle, as always. While the Irish and other white groups of people did have periods of persecution, most recently Jews, groups of white people do not deal with persecution today, while people of other colors still deal with this everyday. I come from a Jewish background and I know that when I meet people they do not generally immediately see my Jewishness and judge me, with preconceived thoughts, based on it. The same can not be said about people of color. Also there are major differences in severity that different groups have had to deal with, with persecution, it is not right to say Irish have dealt with the persecution of the same level that black people have, for as long as black people have.
Never saw you before. Very nice, but dense -- I have to listen a few more times. You hit a few of my sweet buttons.
First (and biggest in my mind) -- LANGUAGE. There are two phrases I always think of when I think of race. One is a line from Cosi Fan Tutte (1789), where the cynical narrator says of those who profess undying love: "This kind of people is always the first to fall". The Italian is "Questa raza di gente ..." , where "raza" clearly means "class" or "type" of people. The second phrase is the Latin American name for Columbus Day -- The Day of the Race. This is clearly not a matter of phenotype, but only about common language. So it's always with a bit of a head-scratch that I recall learning race as geographically related body type. When did THAT happen? Who made that rule? (Ya know, "gender" also once meant "kind". By the time it got to me, it was a property of words in European grammar. Now it means "sex", and "sex" means "coitus". Language is slippery stuff.)
BTW, at that time (when I was in grade school), the "races" came from the Americas, Africa, Australia, and Eurasia. The Eurasians were divided into Caucasoid and Mongoloid people at the Himalayas*. Back then, Indians were white people, just very dark - even darker than mid-easterners and Mediterraneans. But their eyes, noses, cheekbones, hands, bottoms and feet were the same as Europeans, so they didn't get their own race. I think they do now. Maybe it's an Equal Time thing.
That's enough from me for a first volley, but I've gotta add that I had an interesting bit of language just tonight. My wife and I struck up some conversation with a fellow queue stander. Our sandlot friend used the phrase "ethnic Chinese" referring to my wife. I said "she's not ETHNIC Chinese. She IS Chinese. First generation American maybe, but I don't think you get to be ethnic Chinese unless you were born here and all your ancestors were from over there." I was happy to see you see things my way. (Ah, don't we love it when people agree with us!) Alas, I think this too is just a matter of the imprecision of [current?] language.
So thanks. I look forward to seeing more of your things.
*To THIS DAY I don't know why Europe and Asia are called continents. It's one giant land mass, not even two joined at the hip. Lately they've accorded the Indian region subcontinentship, but I don't think the Portugal-to-Korea (Iceland-to-Japan?) stretch deserves two whole continents, let alone three. (Unless there's a geological reason I don't know about. A known unknown.)
This is so good. Thank you for this series!
Loved this video!
Her hand gestures are mesmerizing.
My ethnicity is Bengali. But I'm an Indian. However 'Indian' is not an ethnicity. It's a nationality.
You have to understand that being a 'korean' is both an ethnicity and a nationality within Korea. But within India,the term 'Indian' is just a nationality and not at all an ethnicity or a race or language.
It's just when Indians go abroad and permanently starts to live there,'Indian' becomes an ethnicity from nationality for other people who're viewing the Indians.
As a result the abroad people never get to know the actual ethnicities of those Indians whether they're Punjabi,Bengali,Marathi,Gujrati,
Tamilian,Telegu or Maliyali and the list goes on.
🧒🏽👦🏽👧🏽👨🏽🧔🏽♂🧒🏻👦🏻🧑🏻🧔🏻👦🧔♀🧔👧
IMHO - Just one race - The Human Race - Really did your research on this one 👍🏽👍🏻👍👍🏼
really enjoyed this video, thanks!
thank you for putting all of these together in one list
may there be many views and much discussion (of a polite nature)
Here before 5000 views, wow. And this is one detailed explanation, impressive.
So much. I want to listen again and again
cool video. thx to make that issue more clear
Wow, these are brilliant. I can just about keep up!
Sociology 101-the basics of ethnicity. Thanks for sharing this information
Thank you!!! I love your channel. I love your content!
Great stuff, as usual. Also got a kick out of "10th generation die-hard nerd".
You are such a talented educator ❤
I'm half German British and half Chinese and grew up in a very white town near London. I used to be insecure about it, but of course there's no point in that. Because in the words of Phil Wang the comedian, "People have tried to tell me I'm a minority. I'm like, I'm both majorities, bitch. I'm alien and predator." 😂❤
Your videos are awesome! Instant sub!
God, I love you. This solidifies my thought process in such a way higher than I could ever have reached on my own. Just the complexity you were able to simplify made me happy.