NZ's should feel proud. This is such an awesome display and it sends chills watching people perform the haka. I'd love to see it LIVE though. HAKA's are awesome!!! btw i'm South African
@@draevenford1880 it is to be proud of, its a war cry, a competition between two teams, the mana is strong within it, you should be proud of it as its the staple of our country.
Instilling fear? It's just super cringey...imagine doing this useless dance Infront of other cultures of the similar era... vikings, European knights, Arab knights, samurais, the Huns, the Romans, the phcuking mongols. They'd just be some extra head count on a personal level for this poor attempt to scare anyone. Yukh.
It happened at Jonah Lomb’s funeral... Jonah passed November 18, 2015 I was heartbroken.. R.I.P. Jonah we miss you! th-cam.com/video/ovd3v0CPXJA/w-d-xo.html
In '97 I travelled across NZ from north to south bringing ice hockey and training to the locals. While there I met people who were second to none! If I were to live anywhere, other than Canada, it would be NZ. My heart is there. I met so many amazing people and had the honour of having the Haka performed in front of me several times. I consider myself privileged and will never forget it. You have found a way to weave history into current culture and make the rich cultural past a part of the present. Thank you to the people of New Zealand.
@@mikeyL575 Maori at least spell it right, also there are still Maoris in the all black. No one has a fucking mullet now you pleb, they used to be fashionable
@@atlasmade2957 Thank you for stating information I already knew. As alluded to fantasy, I assumed readers would be able to understand that. I will rephrase. Even though the Haka was used before battle, I would love to live in a World where differences could be settled by those who performed the best Haka. Better?
I'm a Maori and I don't think people trying to drown out the haka with singing is disrespectful. If I was on the opposite team I wouldn't want the All Blacks to get a mental advantage.
These are so incredibly moving. When I was in Primary 3, my teacher, Mr Torrance, taught us the first HAKA. He'd spent some time in New Zealand and it was a wonderful way to learn about the culture at such a young age. (7/8) Still one of my favourite memories of school.
People wondering why the other team look like they're about to cry...as well as it being intimidating its an honour to actually stand opposite the NZ team and witness the haka like that in person on the pitch some players do cry because to them experiences like this are what they've spent their life working towards. Scary...but an honour.
0:47 secs. After the intro and the first 'Hee', when the French respond by walking towards them, you can hear one of the NZ players say "yeah.. fuck yea, boi! " - he knows both teams are up for it. It must be a fantastic feeling being on either the giving or receiving end of the haka - knowing that you are at the top level of your sport. Those who think it has no part in rugby need to start watching something else
I used to work as a silver service waitress in a hotel and I was lucky enough to meet t head awesome gentlemen i spent the while weekend serving them three meals a day and I have never met such respectful and polite men they were a pleasure to serve coordinated with a rugby team from the UK who were down right nasty trying to grab us all and sing very disrespectful to all of our waitresses what an amazing group of men i thank you all from the bottom of my heart ❤❤ xxx xxx 😍😍😍
I'm too scared to play rugby but If I was the opposing team I would be terrified. The haka is such a powerful and tremendouly beautiful part of māori culture... I am in awe!!
I have always wondered what the words mean. And what does sticking out the tongue mean in their culture. It's always a pleasure watching the haka. It's really awesome.
Not 100% sure, but i think i remember reading that what the main caller says are usually just comands like slap legs point to sky, something along those lines
The Maori believed that eating their fallen enemies imbues them with their powers. The tongue sticking out is an insult. It means, "after I defeat you, I will consume you and your power."
@@scottwpilgrim oh my gosh, you just made that up, didn't you. Cannibalism wasn't as big as people think it was, and even then it wasn't to take on power, but rather to defile enemies. There's nothing more disrespectful than to crap your enemies out. There are many hakas, but the one the all blacks perform is specific to Ngati Toa, the tribe I am affiliated with. It was written by our ancestor Te Rauparaha. He was ruthless, and it was intended as a war cry, but hakas are also used in celebrations, funerals and other times of emotion. The sticking out of the tongue and eye rolling is called pukana. Yes, it is intimidatory, but it's the performer channeling their 'ihi'. They working themselves into a state to perform with the utmost passion. It's unhelpful spreading this nonsense about cannibalism, so I'm glad I could clear this up for you.
You joking right, did you not see England players laughing at it. who's gonna be intimidated by white guys with bad mullets and shocking tashes. When they had huge maories in their team it actually intimidating.
@@barbarabrown6816 The original haka fairies didn't take it seriously. They too thought it was a bit of a laugh. See the doc on TH-cam. Seriously though, stunning???
@@barbarabrown6816 The Bagpipes are part of Scottish tradition but they're not allowed to come onto the field of play with the pipes playing. Why not? Biased beyond belief.
The most intimidating Haka ever is the Kapa o pango performance in 2005 against the South Africans and was led by Tana Umaga. That one was so chilling, you could see the fear in some of the South African players faces! Even the crowd weren't sure how to respond. The last bit was a true 'cut throat' move which was later changed for a 'drawing in of breath' so it doesn't seem so aggressive as in 2005.
He’s reacting to the French team walking forward, talking to his teammates. “Yeah fuck yeah boys”, he’s excited that the French have openly challenged their challenge, not at all a disrespectful thing, more so a sign of respect if anything. It’s how we talk in New Zealand lol
@@Letsmarchishere Kindaaa. It depends what haka they are performing. Ka Mate haka is the respectful haka. However, Kapa o pango (when they go on their knee's) is pretty much saying, "we are the all blacks and we are coming to destroy you". Kapo o pango is typically performed against the really good teams.
I love watching these and understand that back in the day this was used in war to intimidate the opponent. Being from the US, I get the reasons for the haka performers, but on the other side, they just all stand in a line. Is there a significance to how they are standing/reacting?
Lesa Hatley yea their quite strict on the rules on how the opposing team reacts during the haka. They're not allowed to turn their backs or encroach them while the Haka is performed.
Sonia, they can turn their backs if they choose to do so, Australia did that once and the ABs put 58 (I think it was 58) points on them.. not many Australia have never done that again. Teams respect what that haka is and they choose to stay and accept the challenge
I am obsessed with the haka, my suggested videos are just haka after haka after haka and I love it, sadly I am English so even if I do achieve my dream of being a pro rugby player, I still won’t be able to do the haka ☹️
Liam is the best at leading the Haka! However I love Tana’s Haka, not listed on this clip but it’s is just class. The haka now appears tame to what I was brought up watching! I love this tradition and long may it continue 👍🏻
@@lucy9196 Yeah, the woke pansies banned it, like it was inciting violence, when it had been performed for many many years, no issues but mana and respect. its about time people stood up against so called "authorities" and told them to take the back seat, they are put there to manage NOT over-rule and dictate
Imagine hearing that echoing all around you as you walk through the mountains alone in New Zealand
benburn5 i mean yeah pretty much nz
I would shit myself
Well, you'd want to be terrified, it's a war cry lol
You meen through mordor
I'd piss myself
NZ's should feel proud. This is such an awesome display and it sends chills watching people perform the haka. I'd love to see it LIVE though. HAKA's are awesome!!! btw i'm South African
Ahh yes we are proud
Usually the Haka is to greet people challenge them ,it’s performed in dances ,it’s not that much of to be proud tho.
@@draevenford1880 it is to be proud of, its a war cry, a competition between two teams, the mana is strong within it, you should be proud of it as its the staple of our country.
xd Caramello okay 👌
Haha thank you
Instilling fear in their enemies and gaining strength, unity, and power as a team. The energy is unmatched 👏🏽
what are they shouting tho.
Instilling fear? It's just super cringey...imagine doing this useless dance Infront of other cultures of the similar era... vikings, European knights, Arab knights, samurais, the Huns, the Romans, the phcuking mongols. They'd just be some extra head count on a personal level for this poor attempt to scare anyone. Yukh.
@@abdulahadshabbir2618 yeah for sure its not fear, this guys dont fear this. but its part of their culoture i guess
@@kebub1 respectable being culture but still I don't think it'd serve the purpose for any other culture except moaris themselves.
@@abdulahadshabbir2618 As far as I know, this is the dance of the maori people who lived in New Zealand. And there they constantly fought tribal wars.
I’m not even from New Zealand but this makes me feel patriotic as hell
So am i
The Haka never fails to reach somewhere deep in the psyche and the soul and manage to touch something in the human heart. Thanks for that trio.
Yeah, agreed... Super cringey.
Imagine the same thing done by the whole stadium
It would be fun to see this square off with the Islandic viking clap
Probably open a wormhole gateway to the marvel universe.
It happened at Jonah Lomb’s funeral... Jonah passed November 18, 2015 I was heartbroken.. R.I.P. Jonah we miss you! th-cam.com/video/ovd3v0CPXJA/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/video/Wz7DzheCeuQ/w-d-xo.html
Shit!
In '97 I travelled across NZ from north to south bringing ice hockey and training to the locals. While there I met people who were second to none! If I were to live anywhere, other than Canada, it would be NZ. My heart is there. I met so many amazing people and had the honour of having the Haka performed in front of me several times. I consider myself privileged and will never forget it. You have found a way to weave history into current culture and make the rich cultural past a part of the present. Thank you to the people of New Zealand.
Np problem mate and good on ya travelling nz but I have one question........ did you go to dunedin because that’s where I live
Haka sucks
Respect
I am with the hakka, all the way from canada
Why do the opposing team look like they're about to cry.
You'd understand if you were on the other end of the haka. The mana is strong
Check out the England's team reaction today. No crying men in that line up 😉
It's a pity NS didn't win
Check England 2019 Rugby World cup, their V defence destroyed the haka....
Adds to the drama you uncultured fuck.
The haka awakens the fiercer instincts of a warriors very soul!
Aka adrenaline
Yeah... I see Why
Haha! Didn't do much good against England today. 😂
0127351533
Good targets for a man with a gun.
One of the greatest sights in sports. All Black Haka... Simply breath taking
TheRanga1985
Matches the All Blacks’ status as the most successful team in the history of sport. Any sport....
Have you ever seen the Muay Thai Wai Kru in a packed Bangkok stadium when a title fight is taking place?
When they had huge mowries in their team, now its white men with mullets and shocking tashes it's actually laughable.
@@mikeyL575 Maori at least spell it right, also there are still Maoris in the all black. No one has a fucking mullet now you pleb, they used to be fashionable
Shut up mate 😂😂😂 God almighty 🤦🏻♂️🤦🏻♂️
Only fool would meet dothraki on a open plain
Stolen
I think he said it because Jason Momoa (Khal Drogo) performed the Haka at the Premiere of Aquaman
@@burnerburner8823 he didn't steal it, it's a reference.
dummy🤦🏽♂️😂💀
The Haka would’ve scared the life out of those cowards on horseback
I would love to live in a World where differences would be settled with a Haka-Off.
That would be nice! But the haka was a form of war cry in-front of your enemies before going to battle
@@atlasmade2957 Thank you for stating information I already knew. As alluded to fantasy, I assumed readers would be able to understand that. I will rephrase. Even though the Haka was used before battle, I would love to live in a World where differences could be settled by those who performed the best Haka. Better?
That would Have a lot less casualties overall. I'm for it
Should of gone to my high school. Haka off was standard 😂
@Allyson Alvaroz lmao
Its good that the audience was respectful
I'm a Maori and I don't think people trying to drown out the haka with singing is disrespectful. If I was on the opposite team I wouldn't want the All Blacks to get a mental advantage.
@@apomtaylor8054 yo hard
@@apomtaylor8054 Hey do you know which match was the 2nd one? The guy leading the haka has such a bone chilling tone. So piercing and scary!
@@Daniel-ld7xs liam messam is leading that. Just search up liam messam haka. He's my favorite
I was there for the first haka in this video, the way they slap her legs without any noise in the stadium, I was having goosebump
@Mickey Finn when i say without any noise in the stadium, that for the public, not the slaps, and yeah i was there for France / NZ in this top.
The 'fuck yeah boys' at 0:47 is wonderful
"The only way out is the way through" - Old Maori War Proverb
Yesterday, a member of all black came to my school🎵And then they showed us HAkA🎵I had a good time 🎵Thank you from Japan 🏈
Sounds like Haka is more crowd pleasing than the game itself.
Rugby > NFL
Nah NZ’s rugby is amazing to see as well, imo they play the most beautiful rugby after Fiji.
@@bokoe7469 i hope you're talking about 7's Rugby?
Yes
@@wrestler-kickboxer2524 NFL= Rugby for pussies...and I'm not a fan of either but I grew up around rugby competitions all my life.
These are so incredibly moving. When I was in Primary 3, my teacher, Mr Torrance, taught us the first HAKA. He'd spent some time in New Zealand and it was a wonderful way to learn about the culture at such a young age. (7/8) Still one of my favourite memories of school.
same
I'll never get enough, and the respect is beyond words 🖤💯
That second one is so intense. I get goosebumps everytime they do it. When that fist goes to ground, that's the end of you and your team.
Absolutely brilliant. It's a good way of psyching up some spiritual energy.
I love these guys so much they're incredible!!
absolute
goosebump
material.!
always a treat to see & hear.. 😊
& i’m from across the ditch.
🙏✌️🇦🇺
As an Australian rugby fan that is so used to the results I have this thing in my heart that just jumps when I hear The Haka.
@Mickey Finn where are you from?
1:45 Jesus that was loud
I love it!! I love when traditions are kept. We unite this world as individuals, not by becoming one kind of people.
🙋🏼♀️👍🏻👏🏻
Me: *Throws paper at the quiet kid*
The quiet kid: 3:41
Me: 3:52
😂
This got me dying🤣🤣🤣
LMAO THIS SHIT IS SO FUNNY
😂😂😂😂
Hahahahahaha
People wondering why the other team look like they're about to cry...as well as it being intimidating its an honour to actually stand opposite the NZ team and witness the haka like that in person on the pitch some players do cry because to them experiences like this are what they've spent their life working towards. Scary...but an honour.
0:47 secs. After the intro and the first 'Hee', when the French respond by walking towards them, you can hear one of the NZ players say "yeah.. fuck yea, boi! " - he knows both teams are up for it. It must be a fantastic feeling being on either the giving or receiving end of the haka - knowing that you are at the top level of your sport. Those who think it has no part in rugby need to start watching something else
For me it's the best part of rugby
With a c bomb 2 seconds later 🤔
I would love to see England answer this with some intense, close formation Morris dancing.
Since warriors before they make sound and dance to be prepared before they set up their minds in war and this one is a good examples.
would like to see this live one day would be absolutely amazing
Me too ... will buy you a beer 😄
強いから、尚更かっこよい
I used to work as a silver service waitress in a hotel and I was lucky enough to meet t head awesome gentlemen i spent the while weekend serving them three meals a day and I have never met such respectful and polite men they were a pleasure to serve coordinated with a rugby team from the UK who were down right nasty trying to grab us all and sing very disrespectful to all of our waitresses what an amazing group of men i thank you all from the bottom of my heart ❤❤ xxx xxx 😍😍😍
3:31 "what have I gotten myself into"
New Zealand unique people salute from Serbia!
Chur mah g
Cheers
Me and the boys when we see another school on a field trip
Stop it😂😂
Lame... 🤦♂️
Peace was never an option
Awesom every time I watch the haka it makes the hairs on the back of my neck stand up
観客が静かにしてるのいい
I'm not a rugby fan , but watching the all blacks haka just bring me chills and respect for the sport!!
It's evident that the whole crowd loves the haka and even the tv crew brought a big mic so that it can be heard clearly. 😛
If a Polynesian War Dance doesn't put the fear of God in you, I simply don't know what will.
Chills.. Total and utter chills.
It sound building up their spirit and confidence...
素晴らしく雄々しく、男らしい!
did anyone else hear that “yeah fucc yeah boys” in the first haka 🤣🤣
Yep 😂
1:56 he knew it was over even before the game started
Loll
I'm sooo glad will see Haka here in Japan soon👍
がんばってがんばっていこー!というのは昔日本の軍隊がマオリ族に教えた言葉だそうですね
chibi meta どこ情報ですか?
👀👀👀
I'm too scared to play rugby but If I was the opposing team I would be terrified. The haka is such a powerful and tremendouly beautiful part of māori culture... I am in awe!!
2nd one was so chilling! His tone is scary!
I have always wondered what the words mean. And what does sticking out the tongue mean in their culture. It's always a pleasure watching the haka. It's really awesome.
Kopana Which I dont Kbow The Full Reason But I Am Still Maori Living The Amazing Country Called Aoteroe
Not 100% sure, but i think i remember reading that what the main caller says are usually just comands like slap legs point to sky, something along those lines
The Maori believed that eating their fallen enemies imbues them with their powers. The tongue sticking out is an insult. It means, "after I defeat you, I will consume you and your power."
@@scottwpilgrim oh my gosh, you just made that up, didn't you. Cannibalism wasn't as big as people think it was, and even then it wasn't to take on power, but rather to defile enemies. There's nothing more disrespectful than to crap your enemies out.
There are many hakas, but the one the all blacks perform is specific to Ngati Toa, the tribe I am affiliated with. It was written by our ancestor Te Rauparaha. He was ruthless, and it was intended as a war cry, but hakas are also used in celebrations, funerals and other times of emotion.
The sticking out of the tongue and eye rolling is called pukana. Yes, it is intimidatory, but it's the performer channeling their 'ihi'. They working themselves into a state to perform with the utmost passion.
It's unhelpful spreading this nonsense about cannibalism, so I'm glad I could clear this up for you.
@Angus Mills jesus, that's actually kinda wholesome and motivational if its real
The chills you get watching this video
Great Sportsmanship. New Zealand people are Fantastic and loving People. From Australia Bro
That's the most quickest goosebumps I've ever got
So proud to be a New Zealander right now
Jag Thripp so proud to be English right now😉
@@2004HondaCivic. same here
@@2004HondaCivic. so proud to be South African right now.😉
I could watch this all the live long day ☺️
I get goosebumps man when I see the Haka
Simplesmente fantástico... Obrigado por vocês existirem!!! Rio de Janeiro.Brasil 👏 👏 👏 👏 👏 👏 👏
Still has to be the most intimidating thing in world sports
Kinda makes ya want to disembowel someone and eat a baby. oorah...
You joking right, did you not see England players laughing at it. who's gonna be intimidated by white guys with bad mullets and shocking tashes. When they had huge maories in their team it actually intimidating.
@@mikeyL575 only replying now cause you guys finally beat us?
Didn't do a great deal in Japan, though did it?
I noticed one guy didn't pull his tongue out at the right time. Cocked up the whole spell .
@@mikeyL575 Did you not see An england player get thrashed coz they disrespected the haka lol you dont laugh at another mans culture
I love the way French always get closer to the haka 😁
I might not be an All Black supporter but no doubt have the greatest respect for them and Love watching their games. #Respect
Welsh man here. Love it.
Love seeing these but gets you hyper and makes you want to do it
0:47 "yeah fuck yeah boyssss🎉!, CUNNTTS!
¡
New Zealend is the greatest rugby nation of all time. No one can defeat us! NO ONE!!!!
SealAngel springboks defeated you more than all other nations. You’re not invincible
Sheep shaggers
Thanos sorry what I can’t hear you over OUR rugby World Cup.
No Argument there... Go All Blacks
SealAngel fiji🇫🇯
Absolutely stunning !
A group of grown men making silly noises and pulling silly faces whilst prancing about is stunning??? Whatever floats your boat I suppose.
It’s part of their culture and tradition, so yes I stick by my comment .
@@barbarabrown6816 The original haka fairies didn't take it seriously. They too thought it was a bit of a laugh. See the doc on TH-cam. Seriously though, stunning???
@@barbarabrown6816 The Bagpipes are part of Scottish tradition but they're not allowed to come onto the field of play with the pipes playing. Why not? Biased beyond belief.
Have you even seen Kees Meeuws perform a haka? He alone is more intimidating than these 3.
来月、ラグビーワールドカップインジャパン。ハカが日本で見れる。こんな嬉しいことはない。
It would be great if you put when each of these were performed (on the video would be even better)
日本はラジオ体操でお返ししましょう( ^ω^ )
ラジオ体操第八十五〜!
This haka stuff gets me so fired up, all fear of death leaves, its turns me primal
This is the most intimidating dance ever frfr
オールブラックスの敵陣の全員の顔が戦場に行く前の兵士の覚悟を決めた顔みたいでかっこよすぎる
The most intimidating Haka ever is the Kapa o pango performance in 2005 against the South Africans and was led by Tana Umaga.
That one was so chilling, you could see the fear in some of the South African players faces! Even the crowd weren't sure how to respond. The last bit was a true 'cut throat' move which was later changed for a 'drawing in of breath' so it doesn't seem so aggressive as in 2005.
You said it
This is the Haka I keep hoping for - it was totally magnificently electrifying!!!!!
Chargeeeeeeeeee! Athaaaaaaaak! Gracias hermano por esa carga de energía!
Anyone hear someone swear when the French started walking forward
Ye
Sounded like he was edging them on in english, "yeah fuck yeah you ... cunts"
He’s reacting to the French team walking forward, talking to his teammates. “Yeah fuck yeah boys”, he’s excited that the French have openly challenged their challenge, not at all a disrespectful thing, more so a sign of respect if anything. It’s how we talk in New Zealand lol
Tarren brava I'm a Māori and I find this extremely disrespectful to my culture. I don't know how you can not find this offensive
I think it might be a coach on the side hyping up his team “yeah fuck yeah boys... cunts”. Probably picked up on the mics on the side.
何か涙💧出ます。見ているだけで、迫力すごくて。
ただ、ただカッコいい。
ラグビー詳しくないけど、何か力が沸いてくるってゆーか、やる気になってくる。
何だろうね、ラグビーは今回のWCで初めて見たニワカだけど、魂の叫びというか熱いものが感じられてすごく胸に迫ってくる。
The best thing about this is that it’s shared culture with ever NZ player performing it together as a team. This is unity not division
Imagine going to war and shit and the enemies waiting you doing this... Not a very warm feeling inside I assume!
Maori battalion came out of the trenches doing the Haka and forced a german retreat in Africa... And you can see why.
@@brvplord9067 They also did it during the gallipoli campaign and the turks described them as demons.
Le deuxième est magistral !! 👊👊👊
Will never understand why the camera pans to the other team during the Haka
I love the haka, but I also love the solidarity of other teams to the haka. I like to see both.
@作画Lizzard98- the fear and also respect
I very respect with them....
Just like me a native Borneo,we share our Austronesia ancestors....
Their blood is my blood too....
SALAM SATU DARAH....
2:39 When ur mom tells u to get off the video games
Just watching it gives me goosebumps
cant imagine the mental situation of opponent while they haka
Two fingers, mate
I love how you can tell the opposition in the first clip was into it.
This is a reminder. You are about to play the All Blacks.
Can't wait for the video of the Intimating White HAKA
I love haka... Really impressed love you black
Superb stuff from the All Blacks
ハカってカッコいいよな
Always an amazing spectacular display .
Even I don't understand what they say but it seems very intimidating to me.
It's actually honoring the opposite team and spectators
@@Letsmarchishere Kindaaa. It depends what haka they are performing. Ka Mate haka is the respectful haka. However, Kapa o pango (when they go on their knee's) is pretty much saying, "we are the all blacks and we are coming to destroy you". Kapo o pango is typically performed against the really good teams.
Just imagine one second a full stadium singing a haka all together
I love watching these and understand that back in the day this was used in war to intimidate the opponent. Being from the US, I get the reasons for the haka performers, but on the other side, they just all stand in a line. Is there a significance to how they are standing/reacting?
Lesa Hatley yea their quite strict on the rules on how the opposing team reacts during the haka. They're not allowed to turn their backs or encroach them while the Haka is performed.
Sonia, they can turn their backs if they choose to do so, Australia did that once and the ABs put 58 (I think it was 58) points on them.. not many Australia have never done that again. Teams respect what that haka is and they choose to stay and accept the challenge
Imagine you going into an empty room and all of a sudden the lights turn on and these guys doing the hawks right in front of you.
Haka is just amazing
I am obsessed with the haka, my suggested videos are just haka after haka after haka and I love it, sadly I am English so even if I do achieve my dream of being a pro rugby player, I still won’t be able to do the haka ☹️
Liam is the best at leading the Haka! However I love Tana’s Haka, not listed on this clip but it’s is just class. The haka now appears tame to what I was brought up watching! I love this tradition and long may it continue 👍🏻
Tana's one from their first Kapa o Panga yeah??
There have actually been restrictions placed on the haka since then
Tysharne Royal really??? what a joke!!
Yeah dont remember all the facts but im sure that there was a complaint it was coming off too violent (eg.The thumb to throat)
@@lucy9196 Yeah, the woke pansies banned it, like it was inciting violence, when it had been performed for many many years, no issues but mana and respect. its about time people stood up against so called "authorities" and told them to take the back seat, they are put there to manage NOT over-rule and dictate
2:33 when your mother told you there's only fruits for desert