Lithium Ion Batteries: Why They Explode
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 16 ก.ย. 2024
- Lithium ion batteries are all around us. In our homes, our cars, even on our person at nearly all times. And so when a cell phone, laptop, or car battery explodes it can rightfully be a cause for concern. However, there’s a lot that goes into the creation of any single lithium ion cell and even a small error at a given point in that process could lead to big problems during the battery’s life cycle. Greg Less, Michigan Engineering’s Battery User Facility’s Manager discusses not only why and how the lithium ion batteries that we all use so frequently might explode, but how researchers at the University of Michigan are trying to change the way batteries are made for a safer and more efficient future.
ABOUT THE PROFESSOR
Greg Less is the Senior Laboratory Manager at the UMEI Battery Fabrication and Characterization User Facility, responsible for the day-to-day operation of the laboratory. Greg received a doctorate in Chemistry from the University of Michigan. Prior to joining UMEI, he was a research scientist with battery companies T/J Technologies and A123 Systems.
It's not just the flammable electrolyte sir. The cathode contains transition metal oxides. Depending on the oxide mix, this decomposes between about 150 and 250+ Celcius releasing pressurized Oxygen Gas. This is why li ion fires can't be put out except by extreme measures. Oxygen and fuel are present in the same container, not too different from fireworks or gunpowder. Optimistic battery development companies tout all solid state Lithium Metal batteries as inherently safe due to no flammable organic solvents or polymer separator.
Sorry but Lithium Metal burns nicely in Air and Violently with water added. The metal oxides in the cathode are still a necessary to oxidize electrochemicaly the Lithium to generate electricity during discharge. This is just how Redox reactions work.
So now when the inorganic ceramic separator is breached for one of dozens of possible reasons, and the cell overheats
a different form of thermal runaway is likely to ensue. This time when the cells "rapidly disassemble" molten and or burning Lithium will be released. Water will Not be marginally useful as with current Li Ion batteries. Initially it will act as an accelerant releasing Hydrogen,
Lithium Hydroxide and Lots of Heat. Read: Horrible Fire.
Can they combust at typical temperatures and pressure? Or do they have to get hot?
Any information on how to diy a container that stores the battery outside and if explodes releases pressure and contain the fire ?
They do need heat but in rare cases they have been known to self ignite at room temperature even when not charging. Usually this is due to a defective separator, earlier mechanical damage, or metal dust particles puncturing the separator ie poor manufacturering practices. @@scandallpower
@@vmobile890
If I did I would be Rich!
Put my electric bike on charge downstairs about an hour ago. Heard a boom. Haven't gone down there. Watching TH-cam now. ;)
i apologizw for commenting now but what happened?
@@BlightedRascal The idiot probably burnt their house down
There might not be a downstairs for you to go to
lol
Rip
My big problem with lithium batteries is that people just don't even pay attention to any of the warnings... like the one that says you can't throw them away normally. I work for a trash company and we have TWICE had these damn things catch fire in the truck. DON'T TOSS YOUR CELL PHONE IN THE TRASH, this can cause a flaming trash truck to lay waste to your entire neighborhood. Even worse are laptops, power tool batteries and rideable toys like electric scooters etc. Well, they *would* be worse, except that unlike cell phones they are big enough that we see them go in and get rid of them before they get crushed.
Yup people are stupid, that's most of society for you, also overcharging batteries are most likely caused by people being lazy and not unplugging once done?
@@MrCharmz81 Na, battery chargers have safeguards against that, because how do we know when it's done? So, no, as long as it's all working properly, it's safe to leave them plugged in until you need them. Beware old battery chargers, though, because those safeguards can fail. THEN you can get an overcharged battery, and your first warning may be a fire. Oh, and do watch for any signs of swelling in the battery. If a battery starts to swell up, and it will push out against whatever device it's in so unless it's a pretty big machine you'll see the signs, GET RID OF IT, put it someplace cool with nothing flammable nearby--and AWAY from water, which will not help--and contact the manufacturer. Or maybe the fire department.
On that note i never see a garbage truck burn
@@theeraphatsunthornwit6266 Yeah well, see my original post. Especially the middle part. If this is your not-so-subtle way of trying to deny, I've gotta 'nope' ya.
Have to say... tonight I have watched several videos on the topic of lithium battery pack fires... Look at my laptop... cellphone.. differently now...I didn't realize that they could be that dangerous if something went wrong. I used to fall asleep with the laptop charging next to me...not any more....
Hehehe 😉
Great description and really interesting footage. Thank you
Thanks, I am really no wiser. Don’t be afraid to lay some science on us
What is worse?
1. A phone exploding in your pocket
2. A smart watch exploding on your wrist
3. A Bluetooth ear bud exploding inside your ear
3 lol
3 obviously
I dont know. I could live without hearing, but I couldnt without my dick...
@@Gentleman...Driver I don't know.. Chicks dig scars.
A car exploding in your garage when you are asleep.
Today lithium battery exploded and cought fire at my house. Thankfully I managed to extinguish the fire, but it was scary.
Was it in use, or was it just sitting idle? Like, do these things have to actually be powering a product/receiving a charge, or can they just spontaneously human combust sitting in their original, unopened packet, or in between uses?
@@SeriousSchitt It is very rare when something like this happens. So most people will never experience such a thing. But it can happen anytime, not only when charging or when powering a device. Although it is more likely it will happen when under load. If a device warns you to change your battery get either a new battery or a new device. Dont let your phone lying around in the sun. Most devices shut down for safety reasons when overheating, but you increase the chances of stressing the battery...
Did you use dry fire extinguisher?
Wouldn't that also increase maximum output also? Because you wouldn't have to worry about heat as much because you wouldn't increase the reaction rate much by increasing temp because the atoms in a solid are bound so heat wouldn't move them around as much, all you would have to do is worry about the melting point of the anode and cathode in theory because ceramics have very high melting points usually, so the melting point of Lithium would probably be your bottleneck.
Obviously in something like a phone or laptop heat is always a concern but in a Car you can have heat sinks etc to dissipate the heat because your not as worried about weight as long as you can get extra performance for that weight.
Here me out okay...here me out, a box or case that prevents explosions in planes...oooohhhhhh
Thank you so much for being extremely thorough and professional with this video. You covered everything and it's also a short video thanks.
Haha I see what you did there.
thx for the info chap. now i have a use for these old laptop batteries, fun
Very good, very informative.
I do wish though, that the lithium - Iron - phosphate batteries that are marketed as so much safer had been touched on (especially as I'm about to put a 10kWh one in my basement!).
Thanks.
My sons battery almost exploded as he was surfing the web but he felt and then saw it expanding, he stopped. I took it to get a new battery right away but you can still see a crack on the back where it was expanding.
We have a guy where I used to work who no longer has an ear due to a rechargeable battery in his headphones blowing up!
They need to make those damn batteries with non-flammable solvents
Better question: If these batteries are so dangerous why are they so common?
It's making China money
history is full of dangerous shit that is still used because of money nd profits
It’s the next wave of power generation until we figure out something better. Progress is often a crooked line and doesn’t always go straight north
@@simpleagain1but once you know it’s deadly you should stop marketing the product. Russian roulette that’s what this is
The vast majority of batteries are safe and will never experience a fault BUT if it does, and if like most Americans you live in a wooden home a battery fire could burn your house to the ground. We keep our ebike batteries in steel ammo cans. Just in case. We charge the batteries outside. No problems so far but we like our house. I'm eager for a non-flammable battery to reach the mainstream. Luckily our ebikes car be used with any battery type as long as it puts out 48V with a AH capacity of 12AH or larger.
Let us know if it ever explodes in or out of the ammo can
Hey there, just curious on your take on the pager strike in the middle east, how do you suspect it was achieved, and can lithium batteries as tiny as ones in a pager make an explosion that big?
Other issues can be using more than one rechargeable lithium ion battery and having one cell self-donate to another cell with a lower charge. This can lead to thermal runaway. There's also the case where a totally perfect cell gets traumatically ruptured. It's somewhat amazing that we don't have more thermal runaways given the chemistry, but then again I don't think that I've ever had a lithium ion battery that didn't eventually develop deformation. I've had Chromebooks bulge in the center of the keyboard and an LG phone that was literally torn apart by a swelling battery. The potential is always there.
The scar bigger than my head from an e-cig battery coming in contact with keys in my pocket, when the cover on the battery was damaged... Agrees.
It vented like a model rocket engine out the front of my jeans.😶THOSE SAME CELLS IN THE LAST FRAME😶
I store my digital thermometer in its original box. Took it out and held it over the frying pan to measure the chicken and the extra lithium battery that comes with it plopped out. How it landed on the stove and not IN the pan, I don't know. I taped that battery to the top of the box.
Very well done Video I’m impressed
Do these things have to actually be powering a product/receiving a charge, or can they just suffer spontaneous human combustion, sitting in their original, unopened packet, or in between uses?
So poor quality manufacturing is a major problem, but that's often unavoidable given where vendors are sourcing the batteries. it would be useful to inform people what they can do to protect themselves.
Or damage to a good battery
Why not put temperature sensors next to the battery and if the temperature crosses a threshold generate a warning so the consumer can put the device away before it explodes?
If you are going to charge your EV inside your garage, then install a smoke alarm over your car that is interconnected to the other smoke alarms in your house. That way, when the battery goes into thermal runaway whilst charging - and don't delude yourself that "that will never happen to me" - at least you will be woken up so you dont burn to death in your sleep. And despite what Musk says, it happens to LFP batteries, too.
Imagine a crazy guy put this thing in a car😂
thanks for the explination!
I love how people who consider themselves as responsible go out and buy this garbage based purely on popularity. Everyone is doing it so it must be ok.
geez, INFORMATION, many thanks to you
Thanks for the warning dude.....
But why such a rapid increase in explosions and fire in recent years?
So, Samsung was not assassinated, so to speak, because it was purely a coincidence that it's batteries were made with flaws ?
Cosmo John Yeam
Well yes and no, if they were taking all the precarious they should have or more precisely the third party they sourced the batteries from was then there should not have been wide spread problems like they had.
If you have a 1 or 2 out of 10,000 that go bad then that can be somewhat forgiven as bad luck as long as it can be resolved, 1 in 1,000 there is something seriously wrong with your manufacturing which should have been caught before you sold them and the Samsung should not have used a new design on a top tier phone.
Etheoma Shows that a giant be destroyed by poor quality assurance by its outsourcing partners
When I charge my Moto z play droid it gets hot. Is that bad?
No. All batteries release heat when charged, as does the current en route to the battery.
Motorola phones have Turbochargers that pump a lot of power into the battery, releasing more heat than most. If it got so got that you couldn't touch it, then I'd be concerned.
How about just using different batteries in the mean time so that homes and buildings don't go up in flames and ash???
Battery explode because shit happen. But no worrie, our team of expert work hard so that your children toys are safe. Forget about the cars.
Wat
What about traction batteries of Lithium Po technology? Will it also burst?
If at all possible always charge outdoors well away from any combustibles.
I live in the Texas heat. If I have a flashlight that has one of these batteries in my glove box, will it explode in this heat and make my car catch fire?
Maybe but at least you’ll meet jesus and you can complain to him directly what fake christian fraudulent assholes greg abbott and ken paxton are
Lithium melting point is 356.90 Fahrenheit (180.50 Celsius)
We need get something much safer then lithium something does not explode
Just yesterday here in hwaseong South Korea, June 24, at 9am in the morning 22 people died due to lithium battery explosion inside the factory 😢
😣✝️🙏🏼♥️
To Greg Less and Kelly O’Sullivan: your subject is regarding Lithium Ion batteries, but you show products that use lithium polymer pouches. There is a significant technical and practical distinction. Not sure why you mix these. Second, your video of a detonating laptop is a sensational exaggeration and is especially shameful because you represent a reputed university that takes this technology with utmost seriousness.
But why are today's batteries More flammable then ever before?
Brilliant
Came to see exploding batteries. Disappointed. Go Green.
good
Theses batteries are such a fucking disaster. Imagine when all cats wre electric and they crash. Imagine giant battery banks connected to the power grid
The trick to recharge the ( thousands ! ! ) of vape batteries , discarded everywhere ! is simply NEVER to charge more than 4.2 Volts ( so do NOT connect direct to 5 Volt USB outlet ! ) .... safe ... ( tried - n - tested ) ...... DAVE™🛑
Electric cars would have come earlier but had to wait for battery technology to catch up. Faster charging and capacity has been achieved but still need to be lighter and smaller.
batteries are constantly holding back a variety of technological advances
@@jarencascino7862 🤷♀️
@@simpleagain1 🤷
I have no intention of buying an EV ever. It's a stupid idea to me. A small power tool blew up like a warzone in the shop, and my mind was made. If a small one like that goes off like a bomb, I do not want to see 2 two EVs crash into each other when they're batteries goes from the front to back of the car and under the car where all the rocks, ice and road debris could puncture the battery.😅 good luck getting out of there alive
@@gustavemoreau2562exactly!
🙏🙏
Time to break up the silence on Motorola Malaysia and the 252 Kg of Ion Lithium batteries that were onboard in bulk in a consignment container on MH370. Yes that is MH370 the most infamous passenger plane that disappeared after having been seen by on fire four completely independent witnesses at different location on its diverted path : one malaysian fisherman, an oil rig Vietnamese worker, an Indonesian and one british woman solo sailing.
Add to this that 2 cargo airplanes are known to have crashed because of Lithium Ion batteries fires, It is almost certain that this was the cause of the MH370 accident. An explosion of 252 Kg of Lithium Ion could be similar to a missile hitting a passenger plane. Solvent fire also releases toxic fumes.
Regulation have changed it's no longer allowed to ship batteries in bulk. They have to be specially packed.
Can someone please tell him how to pronounce "processES" please? Not processies.
Pronouncing it like that is often used in tech lingo. And according to Merriam-Webster, it's accepted. The difference between the two is just which syllable is stressed.
what if i told you, "shut up"?
They Explode ? Only few of pour quality .
Nope
Why does LiPO4 suck so bad? Forget to cut your lights off and then the battery is history.
All li ion batteries "suck so bad" when over discharged below 2 volts or so. Why? The anode current collector is copper foil. The copper foil dissolves/electroplates throughout the cell thus poisoning it permanently.
Uh,,,ain't this the same type of battery they want to put into these new Tesla electric cars???what a bad idea
they already done it so be like your granny when you got your license and say "Man the road sure is a whole lot more scary with you there".
Gasoline is a lot more flammable. Most cells vent if something goes wrong. The Tesla models have a lot of redundancy and safety features to prevent an absolute failure of the battery except in extreme circumstances. The reality of present battery tech is that it’s safe, Very safe in 99.99% of cases, but potentially explosive in if crushed or in the .01% of failures
Jh T oh btw these are also in mobile phones, laptops, etc. and a lot of people sleep next to those what a bad idea.
TheHotcrumbs Gasoline is always burned in an oxygen containing environment, it has to be because any fire needs oxygen and your engine is no different. While a battery fire is a lot harder to put out, those fires happen far less frequently than gasoline fires following an accident. There is, without a doubt, work to do to make these batteries as safe as possible, but we’ve already come along way to do so.
WHY ARE YOU WRITING IN CAPITAL LETTERS WHY U DO NOW RESERCHHH
Lithium batteries can explode , But the protections available today make it almost never happen ! Is this really a big concern ? Really ???
Almost never is more frequent than you say. I see reports weekly