Explaining Truck Gearing and Ratios! Why it matters! Ford RAM Chevy GMC
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 7 ก.ย. 2024
- #rv #towing #trucks
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From how I understand it, if the axle gear ratio is 4.30 to 1, the driveshaft rotates 4.3 revolutions to 1 revolution of the wheel.
Exactly.
Makes you wonder how fast those drive shafts spin dont it lol
JD's drive shaft spins 2717 revolutions per mile. 225/70R19.5s roll 632 times per mile x 4.30 revs per tire rotation = 2717. With a 0.674:1 6th gear his engine spins 1830rpm at 60mph(1 mile per minute) His first gear of 3.97:1 and 925lbft can generate a maximum of 3672lbft on the drive shaft, which at the axle is(times 4.30) is 15,790lbft(at 1800rpm). My 2020 6.7l has 1050lbft x 4.62:1 first gear(4851lbft) x 3.31 axle =16056lbft at the axle. My truck has a slight advantage off the line. The 10 speed makes a huge difference when comparing 4.30 to 4.30 in the f450s. 1050lbft x 4.62 x 4.30 = 20459lbft. Thats 5069lbft more, to start moving a load. Even though I have more torque(starting on the drive shaft) he has the at speed mechanical advantage at 60mph
4.30:1
2717 driveshaft rpms
3.31:1
2012 Driveshaft rpms.
JD's 4th gear(1.15:1) gives him 440hp@2800rpm(825lbft) at a speed of 53mph 825lbft x 1.15 x 4.30 = 4079lbf at the axle(not the ground) vs my 3.31 axle I would be at 1800rpm at 53mph in 7th closest gear(1:1) I have way more torque available but my Dana M275 axle doesn't have the capacity of his Dana M300(constant torque load) its no joke that my F350 SRW can tow 22,700lbs but that small compared to JD's 27.5k 5thwheel and 32.5k Gooseneck rating. The 10spd trucks will move the loads easier than the 6spds(more ratios)
This explains why my 4.30 gear ratio in my Tundra tows amazing but makes for less fuel economy.
I mean it has a .59 gear for 6th gear, one of, if not the tallest gear in any production trans. The tundra's fuel economy issues come from a lack of Lower gears as well as the engine design being really old. If you threw 4.30 gears on a 5.3 chevy with dfm and the 10 speed it would still do much better fuel economy wise.
@@james2042 I agree with most of what you are saying but the tundra engine design is not old by any means. Actually ahead of its time . That Chevy 5.3 you speak of is older technology. Push rod style v8 . 2 valve per cylinder.. Single cam variable valve timing . Tundra 5.7 has over head cams , 4 valve per cylinder. Dual vvt. Only thing it's missing is cylinder deactivation . Which is a great thing imo . Afm is a time bomb . They always end up having issues . That's the key to the Tundra 5.7 being one of the most reliable v8 engines out there. Plus the tune on the newer 18'+ Tundra has improved. I get 17 to 18 mpg all day long in my 2019 .
But a 5.3 can average over 20 mpg and out tow the Toyota.
@@brentvance3958 the 5.3 cannot out tow the Tundra . The better axle ratio plus more torque . Not sure how you get that idea . Drive both trucks and it's quite obvious . Tundra will blow away a 5.3 gm 1500 off the line when towing . My previous truck was a 2015 Sierra 1500 5.3 with the 3.73 ratio . Night and day difference .
@@EverydayJ1786 the chevy 5.3 makes like 20 less lb ft of torque for at roughly the same rpm with .4 less liters of displacement, so it makes sense. If you combine that though with the chevys 3.42 rear end in the tow package and the 4.69 first gear vs Toyotas 4.30 rear end and 2.6ish first gear, the chevy has a significantly lower first gear for the minor engine torque difference. Actually the first gear in the 10 speed is so low that when unloaded it usually starts off the line in second gear for fuel economy (its 2nd gear is about the same as Toyotas first)
Also while pushrods are the older tech they are making a comeback, Ford is switching back to pushrods with the 7.3 and upcoming 6.8.
Also as someone who drives a first gen 5.7 hemi with mds (works almost identically to afm) the reason those systems die is improper oil maintenance. If you do not do your oil changes on the dot, use clean filters and use the correct oil, it will destroy the lifters when in 4 cyl mode. Gotta remember failure bias is real with these trucks, you will hear from just about everyone who had an engine die but almost no one with one still running. GM already had their lawsuit over the original afm in the 06-09 days and even then it was like a 3-4% failure rate according to the case, and they fixed those problems from 10-18
Thank you for attempting to tackle this topic. I have met so many people who purchased half ton trucks thinking they could tow north of 10,000lbs but can’t due to gearing. A great example was a Ram dealer near me who ordered everyone of their 1/2 tons with the Hemi with the 3:21 gear which means their max towing is 8000lbs vs having the 3:92 which would allow that same truck to tow over 11,000lbs. I also find that some people have an antiquated view of gearing. I put a 4:56 in my Jeep and my old school neighbor thought that was crazy because in his day a 4:10 was a crazy racing gear with a 3 speed transmission. When I explained we are only turning just over 2000rpms at 70mph but we have a 6 speed manual on 35’s with two overdrive gears he was floored
Is there a reason why ram only offers 3.21 and 3.92 and nothing in between?
@@falconwaver -- Ram also offers a 3:55 as well. If you are only going to be towing a few weeks out of the year then a 3:55 would be a good choice as long as you are still in compliance with your weights. This configuration would offer the best towing and fuel economy. I wouldn't recommend anyone to purchase a 3:21 configuration to tow anything. They are simply geared to low to amount to anything.
@@jamesbass9797 apparently not in Canada.
@@falconwaver -- Apparently what's not in Canada?
@@jamesbass9797 You can only get the 3.92 or 3.21 up here on tradesman and longhorn, 3.92 is not available with etorque or laramie.
Transmissions are multipliers of torque. Rear gear times transmission gear gives you the number that you use to multiply the torque that the engine is producing at the rpms. Overall tire diameter is also a player in the formula.
Yup it clear as mud...........................
Great explanation. Now you need to explain operating rpm range of modern light duty diesels. V8 vs inline diesels. And the mechanical advange of gear ratios vs ground speed vs rpm. It's nice to know why a 6.7 Cummins cannot down shift at a certain speed and a duramax or power stroke can. Because of a broader rpm operation range they are capable of . Which can allow for a lower final drive ratio with the the same size tire and same trans ratios.
That would be a good comparison. A 2500 with a 3.73 a 3500 with a 4:10 and a 4500 with a 4:35. So people know why the gear ratio is important in towing.
Coming from the Rock Crawling world, axle gear ratios are critical. I went from a 3.73 to 5.13 but it’s more about getting power for big tires. On the road the change was like driving with no overdrive.
Hey JD, drivetrain engineer here. Happy to help with some additional considerations when it comes to diff/transmission ratio selections if it’s a topic you wish to revisit down the road
Sure. Email me your info bigtruckbigrv@gmail.com
Im an engineering student and think drivetrain would be a good place for me if powertrain doesnt pan out. How do you like it?
JD, very good video with good information on gearing and towing. I would recommend maybe a possible follow up video to this one giving the names of certain rear ends that offer the best in towing. Example: The differences between a 3:21 and 3:92. I believe that would compliment this video and the information in it with much more clarity. Thanks!
If you love mountain biking you need to come visit Bentonville Arkansas.
Lesson learned today, after watching this & the payload one is I need to bring you shopping for a truck lol. So look for one I find pretty 🤣 yes I'm girly that way then look at the sticker if it has enough payload 😂😄
Very cool way to make it easy to understand for those who don’t get it.
The analogy of the bicycle to a truck is good in understanding gear ratios. I ride road bikes or at least I did until I was hit by a pickup truck last year. Some people are more efficient spinning higher rpms others are more efficient at mashing big gears. In the same way some engines make more power at higher rpms (gasoline engines) while other engines are more powerful at lower rpms (diesel engines). With 10 speed transmissions which can have a lower first gear and a higher 10th gear with smaller jumps between the gears can get away with a taller rear end gear ratio and still tow and haul efficiently and have better fuel mileage. In the same way 12 speed cassettes or gears on the rear of a bicycle are becoming common place. In this case more is better! Good video and nice bike! I’m considering a mountain bike or gravel bike. I like my chances better with rattlesnakes and mountain lions than I do with drivers that text while driving!😂
Your analogy of engine RPM’s and the ‘Gear’ the computer selects for the transmission to turn the driveshaft is easily understood. Unfortunately your bike doesn’t have a differential which ultimately controls wheel rotations.
I think the differential gear ratio would have to be the front sprocket where the pedals are while the sprockets in the back is the gears in the transmission.
The crank is the engine, the gears on the wheel is the transmission and the axle is a 1 to 1 ratio to the wheel. One revolution of any gear makes one revolution of the rear tire.
when it comes to diff/transmission ratio selections, I see this when I read John Hwang's comment. A big also is I`ve watched your other videos. I`m confident I will learn, The Right tire size. I was told way back when to get one size larger for my auto . And buying good tires so far No one`s said No with warranties. doing homework on setting up My rig is cool. Great Channel
If you're really looking to tow, don't buy bigger tires. The bigger tires take a bit of power away. Stay stock and make sure you have the correct gears. Small tires actually get more torque to the ground.
Cool explanation about gear ratios, that can be applied to different things. Good one, thanks a lot.
Very good information, and a great job using the bike's gears as an example.
Nice bike, getting ready to get another N plus 1 :)
Question: I have a 2023 gen2 LZO 3.0L duramax with 3:23 gears. Could not get the 3:73 gears at the time. Is it worth paying to upgrade to the 3:73 or going to 4:10 gears? Being 4x4 I will have to do both the front and rear.
nice bike!
Yes sir 😎 rock on dude
Nice visual, for us visual learners. Thanks again
Great video and explanation. I tow a 9,000 lbs TT with a 6.4 hemi in a 2015 RAM 2500 with what I'm assuming is stock gear ratio and it struggles to do 30 mph on steep grades. It would make sense that upgrading to a 4.10 gear box would give me that extra torque needed in these situations? This truck should be able to handle this weight according to the towing chart. Disclaimer: it just got a brand new Jasper engine but the original engine had this same issue. Thanks again...
Which gear radio you think is better for towing? I have a 2017 ford F350 chassis cab with 4.10 ratio.
A 4.10 is great for towing horrible for fuel
I have the 2020 Ford F350, SRW. I HAVE THE 10 SPEED TRANSMISSION, I HAVE 3.55 GEARS, I wanted to get 3.73 gears but was not a option. I find they (3.73) are good all around gears for the towing I do.
Any reason why Ford does not offer this.
What people don't realize is all rear gears do is shift where your 1st gear engages and how low your engine can cruise at in your last gear. That 4.30 gets your torque converter locked up way sooner than a 3.31, but it also means you're cruising on the highway at higher rpms.
But everywhere in the middle is transmission dependent which is why they use 10 speeds now.
Side note the tundra's 6th gear is a .59:1 which is is the tallest gear I think I've seen in a trans, and was designed to give really low highway rpm capability to a truck with very aggressive gearing meant to be a daily driver. Even fords/gm new 10 speed has a .69:1 and .63:1 for overdrive but not as tall as toyotas
Every gear in Toyotas Trans in high compared to others. They had to use a 4.30...
I can't believe you don't have clipless pedals. My SPDs provide me with "limited slip" because, otherwise, my feet would always be slipping off when I ride.
Of course, this has nothing to do with gear ratios, but I just had to mention it.
😉😉😉
I removed my clipless pedals about 2 months ago to try the OneUp flats.
Carbon fibre frame, 29 inch wheels, 1x12 drivetrain. Mountain bikes sure have changed over the past decade. I prefer the old 3x8 drivetrain because the chain was still good and thick. I thought they shhould have stopped at 3x9. That 12 speed ringset will cost a pretty penny to replace.
Excellent video! Later this year, I'll be looking to buy a low mile, 2022 Ford F350 Super Duty 6.7 Crew Cab Dually, in either a Limited, Platinum, or a fully loaded King Ranch... I want the FX4 package & 4.10 gearing. I'll be using it to pull my 38 foot enclosed Sundowner gooseneck trailer, until I also buy a 48 foot enclosed gooseneck trailer at my car hauling company I now co-own with my former boss. I know the 3.55 gearing would be able to pull our car trailers without issue, but with 10 gears, and driving in the mountains quite a bit... I prefer to have the better acceleration, & the better pulling power the 4.10 gears offer. Anyway, thanks for making the video. I'll subscribe after this comment.
-Chris
This is a great video, but I do believe there is a slight misconception here. As you are talking about driveshaft rotation, thst happens post transmission / transfer-case. The final gear reduction happens at the differential. None of the transmission gearing matters if your final gear ratio at the axle is too high or too low for what you want the truck / car to do. The ring and pinion gear is the final gear before the tire rotates, it's the most important. 3.73 vs 4.88 can mean a fuel efficient truck or a truck that can pull a large load.
Great Video!!
Excellent explanation! Thank you.😎
Sounds like if you are going to haul heavy, you want the higher gear ratio. Did I get it right?
JD, I will soon be upgrading my truck and trailer. I have asked fir opinions on forums, but I’m getting all types of answers.
The fifth wheel we are looking at is roughly 13,500 unloaded. With that said, I want to upgrade to a f350 drw with the 6.7L. Knowing me, I am very likely to be removing the 31.5” stock tires and replacing with a more aggressive 34.5” tire. With that said, which gears would you select? 4.10 or 3.55.
Just get the cybertruck. Instant torque.
And get stuck half way up monte eagle with a dead battery towing your air stream 👍
Cybertruck isnt rated even half of what a f450 can tow and it costs more. even most semis have about 2200ftlbs of torque and they can pull a 60k trailer. dont need instant torque for what most vehicles can actually realistically tow.
i have a 2014 chevy silverado 1500 5.3l z71 6speed with 265x65x18. i want to install 20x10 rims in the rear. it has 3.08 in the diff. what gear ratio do i need. thnx
Hey JD, love the channel and the content you provide. Have you done any videos on the "Death Wobble" issue and, if not, can you help us to understand why this issue is so prevalent on Ford diesel trucks? Thanks!
7:46 There's probably a legitimate practical reason that I'm staying in first gear for a long period of time.
Heck I thought you were going to talk Truck. 4.10. Difference to a 3.77 ect..ect...ect ! . Not Bicycles. 🙄
I was confused by the video title too. Very good video explaining gearing ratios but I was hoping to learn about the differences between 6 speed, 8 speed and 10 speed transmissions and how they mesh with 3.42, 3.77, 4.10 rear ends etc.
What bicycle is that?
4.30 works good for Ford's new 7.3 . But the 6.7 only needs 3.55 = twice the twist of the gas.
My 95 7.3 has 4.10 probably doesn't need em but tows absolutely anything with em I got a 16 F550 v10 for work with 4.88 and that thing could use some more gear or a diesel lol
Great article. I am looking for help in finding the name of a suspension part that attaches to the rear leaf springs. You featured it months ago and I can't find it. It attaches to both ends of the shackles and acts like a torque arm. If you can remember the name, I would like to have it. Thanks guys.
5:22 The optimal amount of time to stay in a particular gear should be determined by the driver… Because the driver knows what's going on.
Gotta run that guy tubeless! And curious where you’re riding that you’re using flats? Nice bike :)
I have been giving this subject some thought with my limited knowledge. I’m going to be ordering a 3/4 or 1 ton pickup to pull a travel trailer with a gvwr of up to 12k. Since I will be ordering it I can get whatever gear ratio I want. I’ve thought a 4:10 would put my truck in the sweet spot between power/torque and fuel economy. I think Ford offers a 4:30. I would love to find a source of information that would educate me on things like gas engine size, transmission, rear gear ratio, and tire size that will help me make a proper decision. The last thing I want to do is spend a lot of money on an ordered pickup and screw it up by making an stupid/ uninformed decision. Anybody know of a reliable source?
I'm looking at buying a dually from Ford, either a F350 DRW or F450 (they all come DRW). In the dually's Ford offers a 3.55 and a 4.10 in a F350 and only a 4.30 in a F450. To be honest, if all that you are going to tow is a 12K GVWR vehicle, you do not need a 1 ton. You'd probably be fine with a F250 or F350 SRW.
@@stevenjefferys10 thanks for your input. However I do not intend to go with DRW. That would be way overkill. I don’t want the hassle of the extra width and it won’t fit in my garage. The reason I might go with a 1 ton is I want to be able to possibly transition to a 5th wheel in the future. I don’t want to have to replace the truck. I’m not talking about a 40’er designed for full timers. Same reason I want gas vs diesel.
@@rickbottoms7838 If I were in your shoes, I would go with the 1 ton and get the 4.10 gears or 4.30 if offered in the SRW, especially so in a gas motor. If you plan on getting bigger tires and going to re-gear it anyway past the 4.30, then don't spend the extra for the axle.
I have an F350 DRW diesel from 2006 that came with 4.30 LS stock and an Excursion V10 gas with 4.30 LS stock. The gas V10 struggles up grades roaring at 4k RPM, but does pull it. Albeit slowly. Tires are stock size.
It would depend if you are going with a diesel or a gasoline engine. If you are going with single rear wheel configuration, the diesel comes with a choice between the 3.31 and the 3.55 axle ratios. The 4.10 is only a choice in the dual rear wheel models. If you are buying a gas powered truck, then your choices are 3.73 as the standard axle ratio (3.55 on 7.3 powered F250), and an optional 4.30 axle ratio. Ram diesels are going to come with a 3.73 in their single rear wheel trucks as the lowest axle ratio, and in gas, they will have the option of a 4.10.
I'm watching this video in the lowest gear speed in order to get all that info as fast as I can.
Would you recommend 4.10 gears for towing a heavy fifth wheel?
3.73
High numbers = low gear, Low numbers = high gear! Simple huh! LOL!
Maybe one day gm will put an actual pulling gear in their hd trucks like the other big 2
They do you can order a GM with a 4.10
@@kevinmoran864 I didn’t think you could with the duramax and 10 speed
I guess I haven’t looked in a while you are right the 6.6 gas motor offers the gears in only a 3.73 and the 6.6 duramax in a 3.42
@@kevinmoran864 pretty disappointing isn’t it, wonder if a person could do a custom order?
5:35 A 10 speed transmission will ensure that you're never in the right gear at the right time.
Gear ratios. Bigger numbers mean more engine speed for less wheel speed. Done. XD
Now you need to really blow people’s minds and explain that sometimes, having a lower gear ratio can mean BETTER MPGs.
Not necessarily, I drove two different trucks that were the same horsepower with the same 12L engine with the same 14 speed transmission yet a different final drive ratio. One was doing 1,150rpm at 56mph and the other was doing 1,350rpm at 56mph and over the same run from Ireland to Luxembourg at the same weight with similar weather the truck at 1,350rpm averaged 9.5mpg over the run and the truck at 1,150rpm averaged 8mpg. The lower rpm truck was out of its sweet spot, it was running too lower rpm and required more gear changes to keep it sweet.
That a Hightower?
My knowledge of English is not enough to catch all the nuances of the information from this video. For some reason, the platform generates Vietnamese subtitles .... Translation from Vietnamese, of course, is such a thing. Alas and ah..... Very sorry!!!
I see some e*13 goodies on your Hightower.
Modern day automatic transmissions are just bad. And the more gears that they have, the worse that they are. They're geared towards fuel efficiency rather than practicality.
booooooo
He really doesn't know what he's talking about