What Most Beginners Don't Learn About Multimeters (But Should)

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 15 ม.ค. 2025

ความคิดเห็น • 111

  • @JerseyMikeHVAC
    @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    My channel is all about spreading the wealth of knowledge rather than locking it up. If you'd like to help me in that mission, you can buy me a coffee here: buymeacoffee.com/jerseymikehvac

  • @RICHat22
    @RICHat22 21 วันที่ผ่านมา +7

    I was about to point out the obvious in the beginning. Then I remembered "beginners" in the title. I went to college for electronics. BUT, this is a very good point and video that most beginners in the trades probably are not taught. When I'm training someone I am very clear to point out that you have to have a reference, ground, neutral, etc to read the hot or positive. No ground, no true reading. That's how you get hurt. We save reading voltage drop for a later date. LOL. Good points.

  • @lawrenceatkinson
    @lawrenceatkinson หลายเดือนก่อน +29

    I almost skipped this video, thinking there was nothing he could probably say new to me; I am glad, I watched and learnt something new.

  • @EdW-e4w
    @EdW-e4w หลายเดือนก่อน +14

    I was an electronic tech for over 20 years before I retired and this video did a great job explaining just how to do voltage readings correctly and why. I have seen some weird effects related to improper grounds over the years and this was a great demonstration of some of the same things I had encountered.

  • @kevlar3750
    @kevlar3750 หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    Mike, you’re absolutely right… no one addresses this important topic. Well done sir!
    (Since you’re doing such a great job, maybe you could address two other hazards, like “open neutral”, and “back-feeding”, the latter which can come from improperly hooking up generators, or mixing power sources from different lines and breakers from your panel.)

  • @elgkas9928
    @elgkas9928 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +18

    What a great way to start a Saturday. Great video Mike, direct and to the point.
    And may I add that a cheap set of leads can cause unreliable readings. A good set of leads is important for correct diagnostics.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  2 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      Very very true!

    • @BrianG-x4u
      @BrianG-x4u หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Cheap probes? I don't trust those cheap ones. Best to but some cat 3 rated probes

  • @anthonyesposito7
    @anthonyesposito7 หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    This is a very good video I love when people go back to basics like this because it is easy to overlook these things when troubleshooting. You must know how your particular meter works too. For instance, the meter I use for work and others have certain limitations you need to know. My meter will read continuity with the tone on, but in that setting, it only reads up to a certain resistance if I turn the tone off, though resistances much higher can be read.

  • @garymucher4082
    @garymucher4082 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    A little interesting past story concerning multimeters. Decades ago now I was gifted with a Centech multimeter. And I was proud of it and wanted to show my wife what it does. So I took the meter and plugged both meter leads into the wall socket and to our surprise the entire meter popped very loud and jumped as well. A little smoke came out of the meter and it was toast...figuratively and literally. What I didn't know at that time was that Centech meter was in the off position. And for some strange reason, they built their meter to be in a shorted lead when circuit in the off position. So the circuits inside were vaporized off the board. I had to rebuild that meter to be able to ever use it. Since that time I own many Fluke meters and some other cheaper meters. But that experience with the Centech taught me a great lesson. Be careful how you use any meter...

  • @martywaynetheshepard103
    @martywaynetheshepard103 12 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    With all my personal research and non professional experience I have in which I was the guy growing up that put CD players and sound systems in friends cars. Always worked on my own vehicle and whatever breaks around the house. I still learned something from this short video so thank you brother!!!!!!!

  • @lgude
    @lgude หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Thank you. I learned to use a multimeter just by using it and know it often confused me. Until you showed 55volt reading I had no idea what would cause. Great insight into what people commonly fail to understand and then correcting it!

  • @sashasashasashasasha
    @sashasashasashasasha หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Great video Mike. Informative, easy to understand, good editing, and great audio. Everything you want in a TH-cam video.

  • @robdavis8307
    @robdavis8307 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Great video. Informative, to the point, no gimmicky BS, and good information.

  • @mike-oo8ok
    @mike-oo8ok หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    First thing to do with any multimeter is to check the continuity of the leads using. Ohms. A bad lead or probe could kill you as it would show a dengerized circuit.

  • @AmericanOne9621
    @AmericanOne9621 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    After spending a lifetime in electrical and retired thinking you know it all and along comes a man that blows you out of the water..... Good Video!!

  • @stevencossaboon3237
    @stevencossaboon3237 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Great video Mike. Thank you for the knowledge.

  • @garrybaker6485
    @garrybaker6485 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Insanely good video. The concepts of potential difference & reference point are red pills that set technicians apart.

  • @fernandodelrio4839
    @fernandodelrio4839 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Great job explaining!!!
    I have done electrical work for 55 years!
    I learned a lot on your video!
    Thank you!!! 👍👍👍

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน

      Glad to hear it! You're welcome!

  • @qblinden21
    @qblinden21 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Excellent video, thank you for sharing such informative information.

  • @trumpzilla4193
    @trumpzilla4193 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I don't know how to
    use a multi meter but this video has inspired me! I look forward to learning from your sample straightforward teaching!
    Many Thanks
    Winderdome Resort BC

  • @michaelharris785
    @michaelharris785 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Very good facts pointed out when using a multimeter to take voltage measurements. Thank you!

  • @Eddy63
    @Eddy63 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Good info ... Thx Sir

  • @fortyfourrobo544
    @fortyfourrobo544 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Great video! Thank you!

  • @jimboinsa
    @jimboinsa หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Excellent! You just gained a new subscriber after that explanation.

  • @kljljlklljlkj8925
    @kljljlklljlkj8925 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    GREAT LITTLE VIDEO! 👍

  • @grosengr
    @grosengr หลายเดือนก่อน

    Outstanding !!!, the last time I heard about the difference in potential was going through basic electronics in the USMC many years ago. Keep up the great work.

  • @andrewrussack8647
    @andrewrussack8647 28 วันที่ผ่านมา +2

    The intention of this video is sound. The explanation is not correct from 1:58. A multimeter in voltage mode does ‘make’ a single voltage measurement. It displays the difference in voltage between the two probe inputs to the meter. It DOES NOT do a calculation to compare each input with some external reference. At 2:23 we are back to the correct description.

  • @chuckg2016
    @chuckg2016 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Solid information and solid explanation here. 👍👍

  • @brianmcdermott2430
    @brianmcdermott2430 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Great info. , Mike. Thank you.

  • @pipers255
    @pipers255 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    This is the kind of explanation that you want to hear as a beginner thank you very much

  • @elikemohammed7181
    @elikemohammed7181 15 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Well done. 👍🏼

  • @brianshanahan3878
    @brianshanahan3878 8 วันที่ผ่านมา

    I learned something from this. Nice work!

  • @1kimdotcom
    @1kimdotcom หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Excellent video

  • @charlotteice5704
    @charlotteice5704 18 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    I really appreciate you explaining these things, I too think it is a very important concept for beginners to learn. However, I feel that you left out one essential part of that concept:
    Voltage _is_ potential difference. You cannot measure voltage on one single point because voltage is the difference in electron charge between two points. You cannot determine the difference between two things, which is what voltage is, by looking at only one of them. So per definition, there is no such thing as voltage at one point in the circuit.
    It's understandable that one would think it is that way because the way it's usually talked about does suggest that we measure a voltage at a single point, but in that case, there still is the necessary reference point, earth, it's just often left out because earth is the default reference point of sorts. Ultimately, we reach the same conclusion: always be aware of what you're using as a reference point when measuring voltage.

  • @57Dalv
    @57Dalv หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Excellent video - Thank you

  • @JohnDoe-ej1lw
    @JohnDoe-ej1lw 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Thank for this very important content Mike...meters and I never got along at the beginning of trade school 😂

  • @Electronzap
    @Electronzap หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Good info.

  • @u2tipsy
    @u2tipsy 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Sounds like part 1 of a Multimeter mini series (the pilot episode 🤣). The morning you woke up and said, "🤬 it! I'm going to make HVAC videos," was a gift from Creation. What's next? Resistance, continuity, frequency, or amperage? Regardless of the order, looking forward to more valuable context with high quality content.
    (not a paid actor)🤷🏽‍♂️

  • @rightlydivided
    @rightlydivided 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    love your videos Mike

  • @mattiëgs369
    @mattiëgs369 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Good to know from a newbie amateur inventor!
    Thnkx!

  • @BrianG-x4u
    @BrianG-x4u หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    I was a field tech with ATT a lot of guys i worked with didn't know basic electricity or how to use a meter.

  • @alirahal5900
    @alirahal5900 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Thank you.

  • @deanmartin1966
    @deanmartin1966 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    Good video

  • @Larry-d1c
    @Larry-d1c 18 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Also note, the AC voltage measurement is RMS voltage. This means in simple terms it's a trigonometric number in relationship to the AC voltage that is constantly changing. So if you're measuring something that's not a sine wave or no 60 hz, the meter can be very very inaccurate.

  • @htorres1stk
    @htorres1stk 28 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Brilliant!

  • @JanosHoyos
    @JanosHoyos 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Thx

  • @naturestrail2296
    @naturestrail2296 24 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Better than I expected!
    So, I'm confused on what exactly goes on when the ground is torn off the plug that causes the lower voltage reading? Can you explain that further? Thanks

  • @channelview8854
    @channelview8854 16 วันที่ผ่านมา

    I'm an industrial mechanic. The number one mistake i see other techs make is trying to read the hot wire voltage referenced to ground. But if the neutral is open or partially open, then the meter lies to you. Ive seen this dozens of times in 25 year career. Also, if you read more than a couple of volts between neutral and ground, you've got a problem

  • @imgadgetmanjim
    @imgadgetmanjim 26 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Subscribed. Thanks.

  • @gilhernandez13v
    @gilhernandez13v หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Thanks Jersey Mike

  • @fortyfourrobo544
    @fortyfourrobo544 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    How much should I spend on a multi meter for someone totally new to electricity?
    Thank you for your time.

  • @timothyjohnson4285
    @timothyjohnson4285 18 วันที่ผ่านมา

    An accurate, high quality Multimeter has transformed the world. Teach Jr. High students about basic physics, especially electricity.! A QUALIFIED INSTRUCTOR will open their world to incredible opportunities! 😊

  • @n085fs
    @n085fs หลายเดือนก่อน

    Advanced electricians only:
    Pause the video at 4:32.
    What happens if you try to "reconnect" the ground wire in the plug that's been mutilated by taking it to the workbench and wiring the ground wire to the neutral wire?, since ground and neutral are connected anyway in the panel.
    Bonus points if you label each V, A, and Ω at the worthwhile nodes in both on and off states.

  • @truthserum9157
    @truthserum9157 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Taking a reading across a closed contacts with the power on is how you read voltage drop, 0.0 volts is good.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      There is 0 potential difference and it is a good reading, but it's not a voltage drop. There are still 120 usable volts there when you move one of your leads to a proper reference point.
      Measuring close to zero across a closed contactor coil or energized motor windings is an actual voltage drop

    • @truthserum9157
      @truthserum9157 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @ by your logic I don’t believe you understand what a voltage drop is.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @truthserum9157 You need resistance to get a voltage drop. A switch doesn't provide that unless there is a problem with it.
      There is a considerable potential difference that occurs in a voltage drop, but potential difference alone is not a voltage drop.

    • @truthserum9157
      @truthserum9157 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@JerseyMikeHVAC being a motor control electrician in an industrial setting I’ve come across many instances voltage drop issues on contractors, switches, motor starters, all can be measured the way you did, top and bottom of of your switch, it’s not the way to measure voltage, but i was only pointing out that it was the proper way to measure voltage drop.

  • @richardcranium5839
    @richardcranium5839 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    here's a thought. unless you understand electricity and how it works the best meter in the world is useless.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Doesn't get any more true than that.

    • @michalwalenciak2478
      @michalwalenciak2478 29 วันที่ผ่านมา

      It's not useless. The guy is useless. On top of that if I know that I have the best electric meter at least I know that the problem is me.

  • @gideonlapidus8996
    @gideonlapidus8996 หลายเดือนก่อน

    when the switch is on, and you test the terminals of the switch, you are reading the voltage drop of the internal brass switch components, which is more or less zero.

  • @Wlladdd
    @Wlladdd หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thank you

  • @geralderdek282
    @geralderdek282 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    The modern multimeters are great but complicated. Its why I prefer my good old Triplett model 60 vom analog meter. Been serving me well for over 40 years now.

    • @dmakk861
      @dmakk861 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Back in the 90s we used Simpson analogs

    • @geralderdek282
      @geralderdek282 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @dmakk861 Simpson was a fine instrument.

  • @OldPapaBear
    @OldPapaBear หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Good ya. I like.

  • @waynegram8907
    @waynegram8907 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    If the DVM "didn't" measure the potential difference between the red probe and black probe, what would it be called since its not measuring the potential difference in voltage?

  • @channelview8854
    @channelview8854 16 วันที่ผ่านมา

    For a real beginner, some more experienced tech needs to grab some tape and put over the jack for measuring Amperes. Nearly 100% of new techs blow up their first meter by setting up to read current when they check a voltage source.

  • @233kosta
    @233kosta หลายเดือนก่อน

    People forget that the Volt is a unit of potential *difference*
    A Volt is _not_ an absolute unit, it is a *relative* unit. As in the relative difference in electrical potential between two points.
    To measure a difference, there has to be a difference to measure. When you're trying to measure two circuits which are electrically isolated from each other, there is no potential difference across them, therefore there's nothing to measure. Even though both may contain very high voltages inside them.
    A good example of this is using an isolation transformer to work on CRT equipment. There's anywhere between 7kV and 55 kV on the anode of a CRT. Some - maybe more. Yes, that's THOUSANDS of volts. With enough current behind them to stop your heart instantly if you toch the anode with one hand and a reference ground (for example an earthed metal table/etc.) with the other. The isolation transformer makes this sort of equipment safe to work on by taking away the reference ground. That means that even though there might be 55 kV inside the equipment, if you accidentally touch something you shouldn't, said 55 kV hasn't got anywhere to go, so you're relatively safe. You'd have to touch both the anode _and_ the chassis ground for current to flow.
    This also means that if you accidentally connect your scope probe's ground lead to a source of high current (rather than a skfnal reference ground), it won't blow up, as there's no potential difference between the hihh current source and earth ground (where the probe is also grounded to).

  • @mikeadler434
    @mikeadler434 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    👍👍

  • @zoom_h2625
    @zoom_h2625 หลายเดือนก่อน

    2:50 sorry you are measuring a current, when measuring Voltage. If there is no potential (or the potential is to low for your DMM, even over a switch (there will be a resistant of a milli ohm or lower) then the no current.
    If you are measuring amps (with out a clamp) than you are measuring Voltage…. 5:27 Both points have the same reference! The Starpoint of the transformer, the are just using different ways. First L to N, second is L to PE.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      You can't talk to beginners like this.

    • @zoom_h2625
      @zoom_h2625 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @ That’s just ohms law….

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน

      @zoom_h2625 Yes. I'm aware of that. Thank you.

  • @geoeconomics5629
    @geoeconomics5629 17 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

    Correct

  • @30rdmaga
    @30rdmaga 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    I cant wait for the day these videos aren't in another language to me. 😂 I have a lot to learn

    • @rainxp1318
      @rainxp1318 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Fr 💀

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Me too. Lol. You'll never know it all.

  • @jeffdege4786
    @jeffdege4786 15 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Not understanding potential difference isn't a lack of understanding how multimeters work, its a lack of understanding how electricity works.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  14 วันที่ผ่านมา

      This is absolutely true, but by framing it as something you need to understand about multimeters, I'm reaching a large audience of people using multimeters who don't know about potential difference. If I frame it as "How electricity works", I am only reaching people who are already approaching things correctly. Unfortunately, that's not the reality of our world. Some people are out there sticking DMM prongs into outlets taking voltage readings without fully understanding.

    • @ClifftopTragedy
      @ClifftopTragedy 13 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Something I was shown very young that really helped me to understand potential difference was my tutor rigged a pc to have 12v dc on one pin and connected the 5v to the other so that we got 7v potential. That really sunk it in.

  • @ThisOldMan-ya472
    @ThisOldMan-ya472 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Learn about the FLOW of electricity BEFORE attempting to use a multimeter.

  • @johndii2194
    @johndii2194 29 วันที่ผ่านมา

    If the box is not connected correctly then the meter will not read correctly.

  • @rickschlosser6793
    @rickschlosser6793 หลายเดือนก่อน

    One thing I will add. You are using a ‘True RMS’ meter.
    Accidentally put your meter onto DC Volts and measure your switch and it will show you zero volts.
    This is because the RMS is calculating the ‘average’ voltage and on sine wave AC power it will always average to zero volts.
    Be aware and don’t make this mistake!

    • @onradioactivewaves
      @onradioactivewaves หลายเดือนก่อน

      "True" RMS means that is has the voltage added in an integrating circuit to give a real value. Some meters may just read the peak voltage and dive by square root of 2, but this is only correct for pure sine 1waves. The RMS of other waveforms is different (e.g. square, triangle, harmonics in your sing, noise, etc.) and would show an incorrect reading if using the "pure sine wave dive by root 2" trick.

    • @rickschlosser6793
      @rickschlosser6793 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @ An integrating circuit is still calculating the average value, no?
      Agreed, it isn’t just a mathematical calculation off the ‘peak’, but it is still calculating an average based on more accurate data.

    • @onradioactivewaves
      @onradioactivewaves หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@rickschlosser6793 it's taking samples, squaring that voltage and then adding them up in the integrating circuit, then taking the square root of that value. The same way you'd calculate it mathematically, hence "true".
      Also, the AC will be ignored when measuring DC, ut you still may get a small reading due to any DC offset.
      I hope that helps you to understand. Ppwer= V²/R, so we want the root mean square of the AC in order to give an equivalent DC voltage in terms of power delivery. Typically we want the RMS value, but capacitors for instance are rated in peak voltage from what I've seen, so you a 300V rated capacitor will blow on 277VAC (RMS) . For dielectric breakdown threshold we are concerned with peak values.

  • @possiblyreal-o6i
    @possiblyreal-o6i 14 วันที่ผ่านมา

    If the electrician who wired that metal box had done a good job, it would have been bonded and would not have shown the 55 volts you observed.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  14 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Yes, that is correct. But this is a tutorial. It was done intentionally to teach precisely that point.

  • @NONEYAZ
    @NONEYAZ หลายเดือนก่อน

    #1) Safety Is First! Watch The Jr.High School, Primitive Pete Films On What To Do And Not To Do For A Safe Work Environment!
    Removing Metal Jewelry, Tuck In Long Hair (In A Ponytail/Hair Net!), When Working With Tools And Wear Protective Gear, Etc!
    #2) Don't Be A Fool, Be Cool, Stay Out Of The Racket Of School, By Learning To Drool, Over Self-Help/D.I.Y Books And Videos That Are Cool, Lol!
    #3) Remind Your: Friends, Colleagues, Neighbor's, Relatives And Yes, Even The In-Laws, To Work As Safe As Whenever Possible!
    #4) Why Because, I Have Seen Horrific Things From: Stitched Cuts, Electrical Burns, Fingers, Hands, Arms, And Toes, All Removed, People Almost Scalped From Hair Caught In Power Tools And Equipment, Etc! All Because, People Wanted To Look Cool At Work, Were Lazy, Or Just Ignored The Basic Of Safety Rules! They All Believed Dumb Things Only Happen To, Other People! Until, It Was Them, That Bad Things Happened To!
    GOD Bless,
    Pa-Pow, Amen!
    😎 🙉🙈🙊 🇺🇸

  • @paulgrodkowski5839
    @paulgrodkowski5839 11 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Some guy there.

  • @dirtydandirty201174
    @dirtydandirty201174 28 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Bro turned the bass all the way up before he speaks,

  • @davidbrock2397
    @davidbrock2397 หลายเดือนก่อน

    If you learn electricity your muiltimeter will make sence to you. A voltmeter cannot teach you electricity.

  • @amigagr
    @amigagr หลายเดือนก่อน

    Stop with the "all this stuff they don't tell you" type of cleverness. In a proper school you learn all this from day one.

    • @JerseyMikeHVAC
      @JerseyMikeHVAC  หลายเดือนก่อน +9

      First off, not everyone goes to a proper school. Second, when I say, "multimeter tutorials", I'm talking about TH-cam. Third, I have spent my entire career taking guys under my wing when they come straight out of trade school and I don't think one of them truly understood any of this, or at best, vaguely recalled that lesson. You don't have to look any further than the other comments in this very video to see a comment along the lines of, "I remember this from trade school, but I didn't get it until now". For most of these guys, "proper school" is like drinking out of a firehose. It's overwhelming. Half of these schools are just money mills anyway.
      Say what you want, but most of what proper schools teach from day one, it leads to them having to learn it again day one in the field with me.

  • @garbo8962
    @garbo8962 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Cut my teeth on my dads great Simpson model 260 back in the 1960's then went to Fluke digital meters. CAUTIIN NEVER purchase or use any safety or test equipment made in lying cheating lack of quality control communist china. They money you might save not worth your safety or death if others. A coworker almost got electrocuted when he used a cheap combination capacitor / voltage tester. Was maybe 8 months old one only used a few times. The 480 volt circuit he tested did not pick up any voltage. He was rushing and should have first tested it on a know energized circuit, tested his circuit then retest on a know circuit. I always carried at least on replacement test lead & sparemeter fuses in my meter cases.

  • @HarveyWallbanger-ho2cq
    @HarveyWallbanger-ho2cq หลายเดือนก่อน

    Mul-tee meter

    • @jwm6314
      @jwm6314 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ...where you live. Not where he lives.
      Irrelevant thing to point out my dude.

    • @ErickvdK
      @ErickvdK หลายเดือนก่อน

      You're not yourself if you haven't had your cocktail...😊