When you do read this comment you’re going to need to do a little research if it makes you want to try what I’m going to suggest. What you said about rocks being dry on the inside reminded me of a thing in the chemistry of rocks and minerals called “water of hydration”. It is in regard to the fact that many minerals do contain water attached to the chemical components of the mineral which can be driven off, completely changing the crystal structure and behavior of the material. Think of the difference between limestone, quicklime and slaked lime. Normally heat is used to drive water out of a rock, but can you do it with pressure too?
@@drshoe8744 Just heat really, with pressure you're probably just gonna spray molten lava everywhere! (Which would be pretty cool with the cylinder that has the tiny opening!)
To turn such minerals into actual rock instead of compressed powder, you need to apply pressure AND heat. Without raising the temperature to at least a few hundred °C (more is better), you'll only crush the crytals instead of fusing them together. My recommendation would be to first crush it to max. pressure to let the hardened piston do its work, then blast it with a blowtorch for at least 10-20 min. Let it cool slowly to room temperature, the result should be a little closer to a rock. Trying to get metastable ice VII btw. is a very interesting idea. Again, I would recommend to hold the pressure for a few minutes after crushing the water to give it time to move through all the phase transitions. As a high pressure seal, you probably wont get good results with rubber. Use a soft metal instead (try lead or copper).
im no scientist but to me it makes since to heat the rocks up first and then crush them. because we have already seen what no heat does, it it turns everything into powder. when things are red hot they get gooey. it seems like it would be harder to get millions of fine little rock powder pieces to connect to each other than 2 or 3 rocks. to keep them as rocks and not turn things into glass.
@@infernaldaedra True but pressure counteracts the effects of heat. That's why they can make hot ice by raising the pressure like that; conversely, you can make water boil at subzero temperatures with a vacuum chamber. I'm afraid OP is right; they'll need more heat for this to work.
I was a machinist for a company that made the solid tungsten carbide dies that US synthetic used to make synthetic diamonds. I got a tour of the lab and it was really cool. Crazy huge hydraulic rams pushing in from every direction onto a tiny can filled with carbon. Then pass electricity through it to heat it.
@@jtcustomknives Yeah. . .I'm pretty sure we don't want to encourage these two to start running electricity through their experiments. I've been watching this channel and the Beyond the Press channel for years. They're likely to go overboard and weld everything together. 😃
Maybe put a 20mm hole and piston on both sides of the 10mm hole and tungsten piston . Drilling these stacked holes should be relatively easy on the lathe .
have you thought about making the pressing tool a bit of a cone-shape ? that way it'll be harder for you to deform it going in, it'll also help focus the pressure into a smaller area if you also cut material of the cylinder itself for it to fit.
Using safety measures "so all of the problems stay inside of the box" is honestly a wonderful safety message. Sometimes things happen. Sometimes these things are Problems. Keep the Problems far away from you. Contain the Problems inside of a box.
Problem is to only heat the center and not the heavy containment cylinder around it . Also don't make the pistons so hot they weld themselves to the cylinder .
@@johndododoe1411 Yep; if you can treat the cylinder as almost a gasket, flexible at temperature but strong enough to still be worth using, and surround that by enough strong things, or pistons or whatever, to contain it, that would do. But that's obviously a very complicated thing to make... The next best would be some reasonably conductive yet very strong plugs, and running extremely high currents through them -- think spotwelder, but whole-tool sized, and water cooled around the band (cylinder) to keep it cold and strong. This would probably require molybdenum alloy; I'm not sure what else is anywhere near strong enough and also conductive enough to do the job, other than very specialty ceramic composites or carbides, and even then I'm not sure any Mo alloys are strong enough /and/ retain low resistance. Induction would be involved, but just a regular mains transformer will do. It would be in the 10kA range probably.
Honestly, this channel is better than other press channels I've seen. Your commenting on the important bits and letting the audience know exactly what you are doing. Trying to be scientific in your observations and communicating well. Kör hårt mina Finska vänner, hälsningar från Sverige
I remember reading somewhere that at the bottom of the Kola Superdeep Borehole, the biggest issue they had with going deeper was that the rock became sort of ductile like soft metal and tended to gum up the drill rather than break. Maybe under those circumstances, the sand would combine. Perhaps some sort of Gallium powder would be a good analog.
To push the rods out, you could use some ball bearings that are slightly smaller than the hole. Each time you push one in, add another on top and push again.
Rocks are supposed to be formed with pressure and heat so if you increase both you might get it to work and actually make a sandstone without having to get it super hot if it has really high pressure.
There are sedimentary rocks. And sandstone is a sedimentary rock that is formed by a process that is called Cementation. Not by extreme pressure and heat. Where sand sediments have accumulated over a long period of time other minerals fill the gaps between the individual sand grains and cement it all together to what we call sandstone rock. There are Igneous rocks which are formed by crystallization (after it was melted), Rocks can also be formed by replacing carbon with minerals (for example petrified wood), And you have Metamorphic rocks, those once existed as igneous or sedimentary rocks, but have been subjected to varying degrees of pressure and heat within the Earth's crust. But it does require a lot of heat and pressure. In fault lines at the earths surface or close to the earths surface where we can watch them, and where there is no source of heat you can see that the immens pressure is turning the rock into a super fine powder. Over time it is slowly grinding it into a fine dust where the two different rocks slide against each other.
Do not know if this is something you can do but always thought it would be a neat experiment. Crushing rocks, or sand but putting epoxy in it. Do 2 different ones. One the epoxy cures at ambient pressures, and 2nd the epoxy cures at super high pressures. Keep up the great videos!!!
These experiments show how intense the unimaginable pressure and heat beneath the surface of the earth must be to cause rock to flow and diamonds to form.
when you will have longer rods with smaller diameter it will probably be good idea to make the cylinder larger so majority of the tungsten rod will already be inside. That way it will be less likely to bend or even if it explodes it will be mostly contained within the massive cylinder.
You could make even more pressure with a lever, and possibly make extraction easier. And some soft cloth for the sample to fall onto. And maybe even magnets to prevent the rods falling onto the sample
I don’t know if this is possible with a punch and die setup, but I feel heating the die and holding the rocks at pressure until the die cools would increase the cementation of the rocks.
I think you need to give it time to fuse. Anywhere from hours to years, depending on the chemistry of the rock particles. Increasing the temperature should speed up the process. If you double the temperature in degrees Kelvin then you should halve the reaction time. It's either that or one quarter the reaction time. Unless you cause a phase transition, such as melting some of the particles. Just a few ideas. Cheers :-)
Ok, so you can understand, you would need to get the point of pressure, to be able to heat the rock/sand/whatever, to near 1200 C, rock made in the earth is usually around 600c to 3000c, depending on the composition and depth in the earth. Remember, metal is rock, now if you mixed tin or aluminum or zinc with the rocks, it might under your pressure form, reach enough temperature to liquidize and then cool/bond.
You can try pressing sand + PET from plastic bottles (shredded into little pieces). Maybe you could form a composite rock recycling some plastic in the proccess.
What's interesting to me is how hot does this pressed rock get under pressure? A temperature probe would be necessary. One that survives the immense pressure of the press. That would probably be the most difficult. Great Channal❤👍
There is a company called Life Gems they make diamonds from the visra (from chest cavity) after partial cremation. The visra is fully charred, removed, and cooled. They then subject it to high pressure and temperature converting the carbon into diamond it is then faceted and mounted. My idea is to take charcoal and subject it to 300+ tons hopefully converting it to rock.
I think you should try different mineral contents. It looks to me, that you are using a silica type. It may take more than pressure to cause this mineral to stick together. What catalysts might be added to help the process?
what if you added cement and water and kept the pressure on the sample until it hardens, then compare it to a regular sample of concrete the same size and pressed them both, is a pressed sample better than a regular sample?
Couldn't you try to use a different binder than only water? I think wet fructose is kinda adhesive like. Not the strongest per se, but strong enough to be challenging to clean.
Sodium and potassium / chloride, bromide, and iodide will flow under hydraulic pressure. The heavier the atoms the easier the flow. Potassium bromide is a nice compromise (IR spectroscopy pellet).
If you try and make ice 7 I think you would need to let it cool down before you try and remove it from the tooling, in fact I'd cool it to about + 2 degrees above freezing, but NOT any colder so you can confirm you've made it 👍
im not really optimistic on this one- I mean you could make olivine if you could do about 100x the pressure and leave it for 5000 years or more. It's easy! You just need water! :P
You guys are the best. Like, some of the only youtube figures that i would LOVE TO MEET!!! Keep being awesome, ill keep watching. From the US with Love!!!! ❤️🔥🤟🐺🫡
I got a bag of I could send you some of them and you compress them under high compression and get them to squash together because that's how they're formed
We are on filming trip at the moment so we are too busy to answer comments right now but hope you like the video!
bro i commented before you did lol
HEAT, you need Heat and Pressure to make Rocks into Rocks.
When you do read this comment you’re going to need to do a little research if it makes you want to try what I’m going to suggest.
What you said about rocks being dry on the inside reminded me of a thing in the chemistry of rocks and minerals called “water of hydration”. It is in regard to the fact that many minerals do contain water attached to the chemical components of the mineral which can be driven off, completely changing the crystal structure and behavior of the material.
Think of the difference between limestone, quicklime and slaked lime.
Normally heat is used to drive water out of a rock, but can you do it with pressure too?
@@drshoe8744 Just heat really, with pressure you're probably just gonna spray molten lava everywhere! (Which would be pretty cool with the cylinder that has the tiny opening!)
Maybe you shuld make rocks to clay to rock, so there is water to spread heat around when under pressure.
To turn such minerals into actual rock instead of compressed powder, you need to apply pressure AND heat. Without raising the temperature to at least a few hundred °C (more is better), you'll only crush the crytals instead of fusing them together. My recommendation would be to first crush it to max. pressure to let the hardened piston do its work, then blast it with a blowtorch for at least 10-20 min. Let it cool slowly to room temperature, the result should be a little closer to a rock.
Trying to get metastable ice VII btw. is a very interesting idea. Again, I would recommend to hold the pressure for a few minutes after crushing the water to give it time to move through all the phase transitions. As a high pressure seal, you probably wont get good results with rubber. Use a soft metal instead (try lead or copper).
At enough pressure the rocks will heat themselves
im no scientist but to me it makes since to heat the rocks up first and then crush them. because we have already seen what no heat does, it it turns everything into powder. when things are red hot they get gooey. it seems like it would be harder to get millions of fine little rock powder pieces to connect to each other than 2 or 3 rocks. to keep them as rocks and not turn things into glass.
Is a blow torch the same as a Crack lighter?
@@essentialjudge2279 Yes. 9/10 if someone carries big lighters they smoke crack
@@infernaldaedra True but pressure counteracts the effects of heat. That's why they can make hot ice by raising the pressure like that; conversely, you can make water boil at subzero temperatures with a vacuum chamber. I'm afraid OP is right; they'll need more heat for this to work.
You're really close to being able to make diamonds! You only need 50 000 bars, and to heat the coal to 1200°C
I was a machinist for a company that made the solid tungsten carbide dies that US synthetic used to make synthetic diamonds. I got a tour of the lab and it was really cool. Crazy huge hydraulic rams pushing in from every direction onto a tiny can filled with carbon. Then pass electricity through it to heat it.
@@jtcustomknives Yeah. . .I'm pretty sure we don't want to encourage these two to start running electricity through their experiments. I've been watching this channel and the Beyond the Press channel for years. They're likely to go overboard and weld everything together. 😃
You're forgetting about time in your calculations.
This isn't a calculation. It's more like a shopping list, and I guarantee that their refrigerator is already stocked up on time
Timeeeeee......
When you switch to Tungsten rods, please be careful, as those are super brittle, and have a *very* high likelyhood of exploding under pressure.
Maybe put a 20mm hole and piston on both sides of the 10mm hole and tungsten piston . Drilling these stacked holes should be relatively easy on the lathe .
NO DO NOT BE CAREFUL MAKE THOSE PUPPIES EXPLODE!!!!
It's not a bug, it's a feature
Hanna @3:15 "This looks very professional." 😂😂😂
It is ridiculous how much enjoyment I get out of these videos…
have you thought about making the pressing tool a bit of a cone-shape ? that way it'll be harder for you to deform it going in, it'll also help focus the pressure into a smaller area if you also cut material of the cylinder itself for it to fit.
Using safety measures "so all of the problems stay inside of the box" is honestly a wonderful safety message. Sometimes things happen. Sometimes these things are Problems. Keep the Problems far away from you. Contain the Problems inside of a box.
First rule: Do not crush any of your body parts. Thank you, I did not know that.
I love his fascination with making his own rocks❤
Anni's laugh really is quite something. Also in the background at 5.24 when she says 'Oh no.' Is perfect.
Hanna.
They got divorced, Anne is not there anymore 😩
Oh right, my mistake. Still the point stands on the laugh and the 'Oh no.'.
Combine the press with an induction heater. Most rocks require high pressure and temperature to form.
Problem is to only heat the center and not the heavy containment cylinder around it . Also don't make the pistons so hot they weld themselves to the cylinder .
@@johndododoe1411 Yep; if you can treat the cylinder as almost a gasket, flexible at temperature but strong enough to still be worth using, and surround that by enough strong things, or pistons or whatever, to contain it, that would do. But that's obviously a very complicated thing to make...
The next best would be some reasonably conductive yet very strong plugs, and running extremely high currents through them -- think spotwelder, but whole-tool sized, and water cooled around the band (cylinder) to keep it cold and strong. This would probably require molybdenum alloy; I'm not sure what else is anywhere near strong enough and also conductive enough to do the job, other than very specialty ceramic composites or carbides, and even then I'm not sure any Mo alloys are strong enough /and/ retain low resistance.
Induction would be involved, but just a regular mains transformer will do. It would be in the 10kA range probably.
Honestly, this channel is better than other press channels I've seen. Your commenting on the important bits and letting the audience know exactly what you are doing. Trying to be scientific in your observations and communicating well. Kör hårt mina Finska vänner, hälsningar från Sverige
You have enough pressure, you just have to leave the sand in the press for a few million years to turn it into proper rock 🙂
i love this new series of compressing things together rather than letting them fly all over the place
3:19
@@Faesharlyn we dont talk about that...
Really interested to see if you can succeed to even at least make ice-6 with a hydraulic press 😁
This channel has truly hot the rock bottom.
I'll see myself out.
I remember reading somewhere that at the bottom of the Kola Superdeep Borehole, the biggest issue they had with going deeper was that the rock became sort of ductile like soft metal and tended to gum up the drill rather than break.
Maybe under those circumstances, the sand would combine.
Perhaps some sort of Gallium powder would be a good analog.
Fun fact: Freshly cast iron behaves the same way even if it has cooled down. The metal needs a few days to settle before machining properly.
To push the rods out, you could use some ball bearings that are slightly smaller than the hole. Each time you push one in, add another on top and push again.
Well, at least the sand is dry now. Exciting again, educational again, funny again! ...and even without explosions...
Greetz: you #1 fan!!
Yes, there are days when things don't explode on this channel :D
Rocks are supposed to be formed with pressure and heat so if you increase both you might get it to work and actually make a sandstone without having to get it super hot if it has really high pressure.
I love the cackles of laughter every time something breaks.
There are sedimentary rocks. And sandstone is a sedimentary rock that is formed by a process that is called Cementation. Not by extreme pressure and heat. Where sand sediments have accumulated over a long period of time other minerals fill the gaps between the individual sand grains and cement it all together to what we call sandstone rock.
There are Igneous rocks which are formed by crystallization (after it was melted), Rocks can also be formed by replacing carbon with minerals (for example petrified wood), And you have Metamorphic rocks, those once existed as igneous or sedimentary rocks, but have been subjected to varying degrees of pressure and heat within the Earth's crust. But it does require a lot of heat and pressure.
In fault lines at the earths surface or close to the earths surface where we can watch them, and where there is no source of heat you can see that the immens pressure is turning the rock into a super fine powder. Over time it is slowly grinding it into a fine dust where the two different rocks slide against each other.
It was cool to see you working with Jamie Hyneman. That and that 5 meganewton press at the uni was crazy.
Do not know if this is something you can do but always thought it would be a neat experiment. Crushing rocks, or sand but putting epoxy in it. Do 2 different ones. One the epoxy cures at ambient pressures, and 2nd the epoxy cures at super high pressures. Keep up the great videos!!!
Epoxy is cheating . These experiments are like crushing coal into diamonds by focusing pressure into a tight space .
Curing epoxy under immense pressures might make it super hard. or not harden at all :D we need to find out!
3:17 yep. my favorite moment.
These experiments show how intense the unimaginable pressure and heat beneath the surface of the earth must be to cause rock to flow and diamonds to form.
The wear and tear analogy was just perfect🤭
when you will have longer rods with smaller diameter it will probably be good idea to make the cylinder larger so majority of the tungsten rod will already be inside. That way it will be less likely to bend or even if it explodes it will be mostly contained within the massive cylinder.
You could make even more pressure with a lever, and possibly make extraction easier. And some soft cloth for the sample to fall onto. And maybe even magnets to prevent the rods falling onto the sample
I don’t know if this is possible with a punch and die setup, but I feel heating the die and holding the rocks at pressure until the die cools would increase the cementation of the rocks.
I think you need to give it time to fuse. Anywhere from hours to years, depending on the chemistry of the rock particles. Increasing the temperature should speed up the process. If you double the temperature in degrees Kelvin then you should halve the reaction time. It's either that or one quarter the reaction time. Unless you cause a phase transition, such as melting some of the particles. Just a few ideas. Cheers :-)
3:54 "I think it's getting looser when you like push things through"
Hopefully you can get ice 7 accomplished
Thank you so very much for sharing your life!
"That's probably like more than enough!" 😆
Press a drill bit into billet of aluminium and see if it rotates as it cuts in. Pre drill 20mm to hold bit.
Use a thermal imaging camera so we can see the increase in temp for different subjects
You should try this using coal and heating up the whole thing under pressure. Try to make a diamond.
It takes a long time at sustained heat and pressure. This process is well known and synthetic diamonds are readily available.
"rock and stone brother" "Rock and stone forever"
-Deep rock galactic
Off Topic: was watching a video with Jamie Hyneman and Pekka... and then Laurie showed up! So that was unexpected 😊
turning rock into rock. Genius.
"there's some wear and tear from pushing things out" - me after Taco Bell
Yes, that’s how metamorphic rock is made.
Metaphoric rock perhaps?
@@stuartl949 Absolutely. Heat is the key, along with high pressure.
@@georghammerschmid8577pressure is a variable in all stone production
Next you’re going to tell me you can make diamonds, if you just add some heat and carbon!
That would take one hell of a hydraulic press.
2:59 🤣 🤣 🤣 🤣
Ok, so you can understand, you would need to get the point of pressure, to be able to heat the rock/sand/whatever, to near 1200 C, rock made in the earth is usually around 600c to 3000c, depending on the composition and depth in the earth. Remember, metal is rock, now if you mixed tin or aluminum or zinc with the rocks, it might under your pressure form, reach enough temperature to liquidize and then cool/bond.
It's so epic that you got to meet and work with jamie hyneman
Welcome to the HYDROOLIK PRESS CHENNEL!
You can try pressing sand + PET from plastic bottles (shredded into little pieces).
Maybe you could form a composite rock recycling some plastic in the proccess.
I think as soon as you release the pressure from ice 6 or 7 that it will turn back to liquid.
best content on youtube
What's interesting to me is how hot does this pressed rock get under pressure? A temperature probe would be necessary. One that survives the immense pressure of the press. That would probably be the most difficult.
Great Channal❤👍
You should use carbon fiber parts, I hear they stand up to pressure very well.
Don't believe in all the ads :D
You got to do the squeeze with with the garnet heat and pressure is how there made from Mica
You should use round carbide inserts top and bottom to insure maximum pressure is applied without the softer steel material locally deforming.
Sounds like you got a new ol'lady..🧐🤗
Would it be possible to use damp sand and leave it under pressure for a time, say overnight?
did you squeeze the water out of the wet sand at 5:36?
Although the pressures you are creating are massive, they are paltry compared to what mother Earth can achieve! :)
I love Finn English.😹
The rocks were eckstremely dangerous and needed to be dealt with.
Add some shells 🐚 crabs 🦀& bugs 🪳🪲maybe a lizard 🦎& make some fossils 😂
Perfect for the Sauna.
There is a company called Life Gems they make diamonds from the visra (from chest cavity) after partial cremation. The visra is fully charred, removed, and cooled. They then subject it to high pressure and temperature converting the carbon into diamond it is then faceted and mounted.
My idea is to take charcoal and subject it to 300+ tons hopefully converting it to rock.
And that is how gem fusion was inspired
Try paper turn into wood😅
Good video by the way😮😊
Oh man, if you can take the Ice 7 out... That would be _super cool._
(Pun intended)
I think you should try different mineral contents. It looks to me, that you are using a silica type. It may take more than pressure to cause this mineral to stick together. What catalysts might be added to help the process?
That tool is 1/10 the radius of the previous one. That mean 1/100 the surface, or 100 times the pressure.
For that, you need tungsten tools.
what if you added cement and water and kept the pressure on the sample until it hardens, then compare it to a regular sample of concrete the same size and pressed them both, is a pressed sample better than a regular sample?
No part of concretes strength is it’s slight compressibility
@@edwardcarrington3531 your missing the point
It would have no bubbles and therefore near zero strength. It would be like chalk.
You need to heat them up, maybe 1000c+ we used crushed rocks and sand underneath buildings it does not fuse together from weight alone.
Try leaving the Rock compressed at max over night or more if u would like the longer the better
Couldn't you try to use a different binder than only water?
I think wet fructose is kinda adhesive like. Not the strongest per se, but strong enough to be challenging to clean.
Coal would be an obvious contender for this experiment, it needs around 850Kpsi to turn into diamond :P
Use an induction heater and presto! Lol
Press concrete power?
Were this in the vacuum of space, it might have worked 😂
Try removing the bevel on the end of the rollers. That's letting stuff wedge its way between the roller and the hole.
Sodium and potassium / chloride, bromide, and iodide will flow under hydraulic pressure. The heavier the atoms the easier the flow. Potassium bromide is a nice compromise (IR spectroscopy pellet).
Try squishing some liquid glass and keep it undrr pressure as it cools
If you try and make ice 7 I think you would need to let it cool down before you try and remove it from the tooling, in fact I'd cool it to about + 2 degrees above freezing, but NOT any colder so you can confirm you've made it 👍
Marble and limestone should do the thing, marble is practically a liquid
I see a Nobel Prize coming for the first person to solidify water using only pressure. Get your formal wear cleaned.
Do some cold welding with different metals
Next video:
Can you fuse atoms together?
I think if you want to turn it into rock probably have to hold the pressure on with some heat at the same time for a little amount of time
You should also try lava rock.
How am i so fucking early especially since i just thought of this channel again after like 3 years
I feel that
Is it just me,or is that not the normal girl?
Many comments, but you could try softer rocks, like limestone powder or gypsum. They would crush easier
im not really optimistic on this one- I mean you could make olivine if you could do about 100x the pressure and leave it for 5000 years or more. It's easy! You just need water! :P
You guys are the best. Like, some of the only youtube figures that i would LOVE TO MEET!!! Keep being awesome, ill keep watching. From the US with Love!!!! ❤️🔥🤟🐺🫡
I am shredding stuff daily & unboxing bank vaults 💲
Great video! Can rocks be extruded into pelleted rock?
Silicates maybe
I got a bag of I could send you some of them and you compress them under high compression and get them to squash together because that's how they're formed
Would have been so funny to see a diamond pop out. 🤣
What about using lava or molten glass😁
Molten glass sounds interesting and possibly
Rock and Stone brotha
Try making a cappuccino puck with the press and see if it would even brew.
You need to let the pressure set on it for a while to even come close to making a rock
Thanks for this very good video ❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️😃😃😃😁😁😁💕💕💕👍🏻👍🏻👍🏻👌🏻👌🏻👌🏻