How is Immunotherapy Used to Fight Cancer? | Dana-Farber Cancer Institute | Science Illustrated
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 มิ.ย. 2015
- How does immunotherapy fight cancer? If you take the brakes off the immune system, you can unleash an attack on cancer cells. That's the theory behind PD-1/PD-L1, a vitally important immunotherapy discovery illustrated in this video.
You can learn more about the PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and how Dana-Farber Cancer Institute is using immunotherapy here: www.dana-farber.org/Newsroom/P...
Transcription:
Hello, and welcome to Dana-Farber Science Illustrated. Today, we’re going to be taking a closer look at how scientists use drug agents to help our immune system discover cancerous cells.
Our bodies are made up of trillions of cells, which work together to keep us healthy. One group of white blood cells, known as T-cells, act as our own, personal guards. They patrol our bodies relentlessly for signs of infection or other diseases and attack them aggressively. While on patrol, T-cells use specialized protein receptors on their surface to latch onto cells and fully inspect them for signs that they may be cancerous. Once they’ve made a confirmation, T-cells summon an attack on diseased cells. However, sometimes the T-cells aren’t able to recognize the bad cancer cells, and they never attack. Scientists have found that many cancer cells carry proteins that act like masks and allow them to blend in with healthy cells. One protein in particular that cancer cells use for this deception is called PD-L1. When T-cells use their PD-1 protein to latch onto cancer cells’ PD-L1 protein, they’re fooled into thinking that cancerous cells are actually healthy ones. They then leave the cancer cells alone and allow them to go on multiplying in the body. Scientists realized that if they could find a way to block PD-L1 on cancer cells, then the T-cells could unleash an attack on them. This discovery led to the development of drugs made from natural, human antibodies that block PD-1/PD-L1 protein interaction. The T-cells are then able to recognize the cancer cells and begin their attack.
Thank you for joining us on this brief look at the exciting field of Immunotherapy. For more information, visit discovercarebelieve.org. And, until next time, this has been Dana-Farber Science Illustrated. - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
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For 18 months I’ve been treated at Dana Farber for stage 4 melanoma using a
checkpoint inhibitor like in the video. So far, so good. It doesn’t work for everyone, but it gives us a chance to live longer fuller lives with a disease that used to end badly and rather quickly. Thanks for putting this video together, it’s actually very helpful for explaining to family and friends what is going on. Bravo!
Awesome breakdown for regular non-doctor people
Impressed by the cute and vivid drawings applied in the video to state what is immunotherapy and how does it work to fight cancers. Besides with cancers, such therapy is also studied on other diseases like CLL.
Creative illustration about how Immunotherapy works!
i got stage 4 lung cancer and no PD-1 in my blood. Started the clinical trial recently and in just 2 months, the cancer has significantly shrunk via CT scans. Not sure how this is working without PD-1 but it is. Working with M.D. Anderson clinic in Houston.
Gary Stumpf Great news !
Gary, my 38 year old brother was just diagnosed with stage III B. Please keep up posted on your journey. We are considering immunotherapy since he does have PD-L1.
From what I understand, PD-1 has to be expressed on the T cells that are already inside the tumor in your lung, not necessarily those floating around in your blood. The T cells sitting inside the tumor (known as Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes or TIL) have the ability to destroy the tumor but because of PD-1 /PD-L1 interaction between T cells and cancer cells, they are effectively paralyzed. The checkpoint drug prevents or blocks that interaction and the T cells then get to work killing the tumor.
Fabulous. I'm about to have my 2nd infusion here in Chicago. Used to live by MD Anderson, and you are in great hands.
Any updates on anyone who commented on here? How are you all doing now. Did the treatment work?
Amazing video, so appreciative
Really interesting, thanks!
Thanks for the video
*How is immunotherapy used to fight cancer?*
If you take the brakes off the immune system, you can unleash an attack on cancer cells. That's the theory behind PD-1/PD-L1, a vitally important immunotherapy discovery illustrated in this video. bit.ly/1fk8rSQ
#DanaFarber #Cancer #immunotherapy #precsionmedicine #checkpointinhibitors
Thanks for this great explanation
This is wholesome thank you
Thank you very much! You made that very understandable!
Really usefull, thank you
Good info, tq
Thank you !
1:58 I think Atezolizumab binds to PD-L1 receptors to keep the T-cells active right, the video shows that Atezolizumab is bound to PD1.
Correct me if i'm wrong.
How about for kidney failure patients, pls advise
No, oncology patients (certain tumor types) only right now to my knowledge.
background music is waaay to distracting
My father after diagnosed with melanoma of advanced stage started immunotherapy and on his 4th day after the first application passed away. Before applying it, please take in consideration that there are many cases that show that this treatment can be life threatening because of its side effects. The immune system while rebooted can attach other organs and cause death.
I am sorry to hear that. Did he die from adverse reaction to the immunotherapy drug or from the cancer ?
Sorry to hear that. It's often the only viable option. Is for me. They say they can catch any adverse side effects including autoimmune reactions in bloodwork and reverse them with other drugs.
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-.- hm
Some of the scientists involved in this research are female. I'd never know it from your illustrations.
Seriously? You must be alot of fun to hang out with (rolling my eyes.) This is a cartoon on how these therapies work. Get over your gender issues. This is to help patients understand the basics of T-cells and PD-1/PD-L1. It's a cartoon.
Aw..I am sorry that the bigoted Dana-Farber Institute wasn't being inclusive enough. I hope that in future illustrations an adequate number of scientists are portrayed as gay or trans too.
I absolutely agree - it would be great to include more than old white men as scientists. I hope your message is taken seriously by the creators.
@@DoubleGauss Sério isso?
Não seria por competência?
Acorda povo meu!!!
@@432_nine Cadê os jovens cientistas? Usando outros químicos? Gostaria de vê-los em destaque por merecimento, competência!!! Gratidão
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