Your wife is correct, that Anuragnathid is EXCESSIVELY cute. In the preview image I thought it was a frog with wings. The interesting thing to me about the last 30 years of Paleontology is that so many animals have described that make the old speculative book "The New Dinosaurs" look incredibly tame. That long finned white shark ray thing also comes to mind.
The evidence of Torosaurus being the same thing as Triceratops has more wholes in it than the skull of Torosaurus. As pretentious as this will sound, I'm kinda surprised that this debate is still going on.
I remember I made a comment in a different video asking whether how many think torosaurus was just a more mature form of triceratops, all of them said no.
Spinosaurus may have used those dense bones to help hold their bodies underwater while they sculled at speed with their tail. Not saying they were super fast but they may have wanted some speed while chasing prey close to the bottom. Those bones may have helped stabilize them in flowing water. That sail might have caught a bit more of that flow than was maximally desirable but may have acted like a keel, preventing rolling.
5:52 the Spinosaurus moving like a hippo makes much sense: the flattened tail, the spinal sail and the webbed feets seems to point to an animal that was very stable while partially or fully submerged, being able to dart its head in any direction to snatch a fish without rolling over uncontrollably. When I see a Spinosaurus I think of a newt rather then a crocodile and given it was living in a wet river swamps, moving from a small island to another across shallow waters, the Hippopotamus comes to mind rather then a Lamantine. It was not true aquatic animal but was certainly very comfortable in the water
I am L.A., I work alone, I follow the data. Kind of an old noir thing. In the sixties I was hiking in the Santa Monica Mountains and I began to notice marine fossils in the sandstone. 1967.
And yes, John Williams outright stole most of his famous themes. The Superman March, for instance, is the Universal Pictures theme 1931-1932 with one note changed to the famous major seventh, which made the Superman theme just a little better so nice going, John, you changed one note. Don't get me started on Zep and Willie Dixon.
"T-Rex's little arms", in nature energy does not tend to be wasted on un-necessary things e.g. eyes in cave tetras. Perhaps a useful question is not why did they evolve small arms, but, rather why did they keep the little arms at all? My suggestion is toothpicks. Those big chompers were very high power tools, so, necessarily, they must have required regular maintenance. How did they get those pesky last chunks of triceratops out from between their teeth? Do the points of the claws match the gaps in the teeth?
I don't really buy into that T-Rex Hypothesis. If any interspecies pressure were to cause it I would think it was fighting amongst themselves instead, just imagine how much damage a T-Rex could do to another T-Rex if they were fighting over feeding rights or a mate and one of them had an arm that the opposing T-Rex could reach, he would probably rip it right off.
Smaller limbs are less likely to be injured at carcasses? Is this a problem for absolutely any carnivorous animal alive today? Wolves, hyenas, lions, vultures, African wild dogs...
It's nice that they are trying to think out of the box instead of using the same tired ideas, but this particular one is kind of dumb to me too. It's not exciting but I personally think weight distribution is to blame. Their heads started weighing so much so the arms started shrinking to stay balanced, but eventually the small size made them useless for most things you would use arms for, so they started shrinking even more.
Still unclear on the logic; how does removing and retracting the description of Ubirajara, and ignoring/barring the science done in that paper, promote "accessibility"? Science is for EVERYBODY... why restrict, limit, and impede the acquisition of knowledge by imposing geographic limitations?
I'm hearing the Jaws theme (composed by Sol Kaplan for The Doomsday Machine, Star Trek TOS season one - specifically the final climax scene where the Commodore flies the shuttle into the Planet Eater) and I'm seeing the Spinosaurus sail sliding through the waves. Some animator, please, do this scene.
That would be really hard to prove without medullary bone. But Thomas Carr's work on Tyrannosaurus gives a really good template to try and test that idea.
No one was able to answer my question, maybe you will: why people want so much Torosaurus to be an old Triceratops. Why no one is talking about a potential sexual dimorphism?
Hi there, I am looking for a recent paper on a find of soft tissue that sheds more light on the physiology of dinosaurs or other prehistoric animals. so specifically insight in physiology is important. Does anyone have a good paper for me? Great overview of papers coming out in this field! briljant idea actually! There should be something like this in my field (marine biology)..
There was a paper in November called "Intestinal preservation in a birdlike dinosaur supports conservatism in digestive canal evolution among theropods". Basically preserved digestive tract in a dromeosaur called Daurlong wangi. It showed that the intestines were aligned more like non-avian dinosaurs rather than birds. I go over it in my November 2022 video if you want a brief summary. The link to the paper is in the description of that video if you can't find it by googling.
Don't ask why Tyrannosaurs evolved short arms: ask why birds nearly always keep their wings folded at their sides when they are walking around. Clearly, bipedalism does not require assistance from front legs, when the head has been developed as the main weapon, by dint of big teeth or beak. If you can function effectively on the ground with just hind legs, tail, and teeth, then a full sized pair of front legs is just a waste of energy to keep holding up, and might actually get in the way of your teeth or beak when striking. Best fold them out of the way, like birds, or keep them juvenile while the rest of the body grows. Simple.
Your wife is correct, that Anuragnathid is EXCESSIVELY cute. In the preview image I thought it was a frog with wings. The interesting thing to me about the last 30 years of Paleontology is that so many animals have described that make the old speculative book "The New Dinosaurs" look incredibly tame. That long finned white shark ray thing also comes to mind.
The evidence of Torosaurus being the same thing as Triceratops has more wholes in it than the skull of Torosaurus.
As pretentious as this will sound, I'm kinda surprised that this debate is still going on.
Good thing is there is no that bullshit in Prehistoric Planet.
@@ExtremeMadnessX I have yet to see Prehistoric Planet, so I would hope so.
Hi zeke.. love the monthly reviews
Woah that owl 🦉 looking night hawk looking bat type mini Pterosaur is AWESOME!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
You: Anurognathids
Me: P O R G !!!
You're not wrong. We need that crossover art
March was just another really good month for Paleontology and as always I love it so much
I remember I made a comment in a different video asking whether how many think torosaurus was just a more mature form of triceratops, all of them said no.
Spinosaurus may have used those dense bones to help hold their bodies underwater while they sculled at speed with their tail. Not saying they were super fast but they may have wanted some speed while chasing prey close to the bottom. Those bones may have helped stabilize them in flowing water. That sail might have caught a bit more of that flow than was maximally desirable but may have acted like a keel, preventing rolling.
5:52 the Spinosaurus moving like a hippo makes much sense: the flattened tail, the spinal sail and the webbed feets seems to point to an animal that was very stable while partially or fully submerged, being able to dart its head in any direction to snatch a fish without rolling over uncontrollably.
When I see a Spinosaurus I think of a newt rather then a crocodile and given it was living in a wet river swamps, moving from a small island to another across shallow waters, the Hippopotamus comes to mind rather then a Lamantine. It was not true aquatic animal but was certainly very comfortable in the water
Yeah, I think that makes more sense too. There's also still a lot of debate. Our May video touches on a few more papers discussing Spinosaurus.
I am L.A., I work alone, I follow the data. Kind of an old noir thing. In the sixties I was hiking in the Santa Monica Mountains and I began to notice marine fossils in the sandstone. 1967.
And yes, John Williams outright stole most of his famous themes. The Superman March, for instance, is the Universal Pictures theme 1931-1932 with one note changed to the famous major seventh, which made the Superman theme just a little better so nice going, John, you changed one note. Don't get me started on Zep and Willie Dixon.
Eating behaviour of T-rex - short limb hypothesis is 'a bit unlikely'. It is also hard to swallow
"T-Rex's little arms", in nature energy does not tend to be wasted on un-necessary things e.g. eyes in cave tetras. Perhaps a useful question is not why did they evolve small arms, but, rather why did they keep the little arms at all? My suggestion is toothpicks.
Those big chompers were very high power tools, so, necessarily, they must have required regular maintenance. How did they get those pesky last chunks of triceratops out from between their teeth?
Do the points of the claws match the gaps in the teeth?
I don't really buy into that T-Rex Hypothesis. If any interspecies pressure were to cause it I would think it was fighting amongst themselves instead, just imagine how much damage a T-Rex could do to another T-Rex if they were fighting over feeding rights or a mate and one of them had an arm that the opposing T-Rex could reach, he would probably rip it right off.
Smaller limbs are less likely to be injured at carcasses? Is this a problem for absolutely any carnivorous animal alive today? Wolves, hyenas, lions, vultures, African wild dogs...
Yeah, it's an odd idea, and also ignores Megaraptora, unless they were the only large theropods to not feed communally.
It's nice that they are trying to think out of the box instead of using the same tired ideas, but this particular one is kind of dumb to me too.
It's not exciting but I personally think weight distribution is to blame. Their heads started weighing so much so the arms started shrinking to stay balanced, but eventually the small size made them useless for most things you would use arms for, so they started shrinking even more.
Still unclear on the logic; how does removing and retracting the description of Ubirajara, and ignoring/barring the science done in that paper, promote "accessibility"? Science is for EVERYBODY... why restrict, limit, and impede the acquisition of knowledge by imposing geographic limitations?
White guilt, mostly.
I'm hearing the Jaws theme (composed by Sol Kaplan for The Doomsday Machine, Star Trek TOS season one - specifically the final climax scene where the Commodore flies the shuttle into the Planet Eater) and I'm seeing the Spinosaurus sail sliding through the waves. Some animator, please, do this scene.
could it be that Torosaurus are adult male Triceratops?
That would be really hard to prove without medullary bone. But Thomas Carr's work on Tyrannosaurus gives a really good template to try and test that idea.
That bullshit is still going on?
No one was able to answer my question, maybe you will: why people want so much Torosaurus to be an old Triceratops. Why no one is talking about a potential sexual dimorphism?
They can tell the difference between male and female skeletons and the sexes are not nicely split between the two species.
@@M00nSlippers do you have ref please?
Hi there, I am looking for a recent paper on a find of soft tissue that sheds more light on the physiology of dinosaurs or other prehistoric animals. so specifically insight in physiology is important. Does anyone have a good paper for me? Great overview of papers coming out in this field! briljant idea actually! There should be something like this in my field (marine biology)..
There was a paper in November called "Intestinal preservation in a birdlike dinosaur supports conservatism in digestive canal evolution among theropods".
Basically preserved digestive tract in a dromeosaur called Daurlong wangi. It showed that the intestines were aligned more like non-avian dinosaurs rather than birds.
I go over it in my November 2022 video if you want a brief summary. The link to the paper is in the description of that video if you can't find it by googling.
So how much longer do we have until your April recap?
We are recording it this week, should be out next week
Don't ask why Tyrannosaurs evolved short arms: ask why birds nearly always keep their wings folded at their sides when they are walking around.
Clearly, bipedalism does not require assistance from front legs, when the head has been developed as the main weapon, by dint of big teeth or beak. If you can function effectively on the ground with just hind legs, tail, and teeth, then a full sized pair of front legs is just a waste of energy to keep holding up, and might actually get in the way of your teeth or beak when striking. Best fold them out of the way, like birds, or keep them juvenile while the rest of the body grows. Simple.
VO-CA-LI-ZA-TION, please...