Manual Transmission Function

How does a Manual Transmission work and what do the insides look like?
Mongo model of a manual transmission shows the insides and how the gears move. This example was made from an old Suzuki RM250 - dirt bike transmission
KEEP IN MIND: This is just an example. Many manual transmission are different. Many have synchronizers, helical gears, some have planetary gears, most have reverse (idler gear to reverse direction) some don't have all the gears meshed (constantly moving)
A RM250 had a 2 stoke engine and made lots of power this is why all the gear ratios are so high. Also dirt bikes are very light weight. the heavier a vehicle the lower the gear ratios need to be.
To determine a gear ratio its best to count the gears teeth to get the exact ratio.
Input gear = x
output gear = y
Gear ratio = y/x
Example: first gear has the smallest input gear and a largest output gear. if we count the teeth we get - Input=13 Output=28 so we divide 28/13=2.15 (rounded 2 places). This means for 1 rotation on the output shaft, the input shaft will rotate 2.15 times. On a car there is usually an over drive. Overdrive has the largest gear on the input shaft and smallest gear on the output shaft. An example would be - Input=20 Output=18 so we divide 18/20=0.9. This means for 1 rotation of the output shaft, the input shaft will rotate .9 times.
High gears - the gear ratio is very close to 1:1 - example: 2.15:1 is high
Low gears - the gear ratio is very far from 1:1 - example: 4.10:1 is low
In this RM250 transmission 2.15 is the lowest gear ratio (Low gear) and 1:1 is the highest gear ratio (High gear)
Hopefully this video helps you understand the inside of a Manual transmission a little better.
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