"Simulating erosion of a mountain": Wow that's neat "Simulating an ecosystem": Oh, that's pretty cool. "Simulating a Solar System": Wait, where is this going?
This was comfortable to watch. It's currently 2 am, the background was dark, brightness toned down and the planets were easily visible. Idk why I wrote this. This was just satisfying
Same lol. I am making a space game and I don't know how to do LOD and stuff so I keep every week or so check back to see if anyone has a decent tutorial on how lod works.
Everytime I watch a Sebastian video, I feel like such a dunce. But I am so hyped to see you try this. I remember watching the Outter Wild's documentary, & when Alex mentioned his solution for fixing floating point precision was to move everything to the player, I almost fainted from how genius that was!
I wonder if Wall-E just flew around semi-randomly for ever in space with a fire extinguisher, how long would it take for the fire-extinguisher stuff to create a planet (assuming the fire extinguisher has an infinite supply of stuff)? What would that planet be like? Could it stand up to an orbit around the sun?
@@ZachTheHuman I know i come late to the party, but here are my thoughts anyway: Judging by his own size, Wall-E's extinguisher contains around 3 litres of compressed foam, which normally takes 10 sec. to empty, so 0.3l/sec. As soon as the foam will flock together it will release almost all of the air inside, leaving the water and tensides which will then regain the same volume as the compressed form. Assuming that the extinguisher magically regenerates the foam it looses, it would take 2,319,356,774,070,000 (2 sextillion) years to create a ball of water the size of the moon, but it wouldn't have as much gravity as the moon. Of course this assumes that no water evaporates from this body of water, which is unrealistic. It's water without foam, as the gas will have separated rather quickly, floating away, as this planet wouldn't have enough gravity to hold an atmosphere. It would literally be a ball of water, or rather ice, if it orbits further away from its sun. But it would have no problem with orbiting.
I was going to make a joke about him basically recreating outer wilds, then he said that's exactly what he was doing and I was like oh ok this makes a lot more sense now.
@@milkywegian Well, the two binary planets closest to the star are also found in Outer Wilds, the second planet being a nice green one with a tiny moon is also true in Outer Wilds, a large planet with high gravity is also found in Outer Wilds (but that's pretty generic), and the ship design could fit right in with the rest of the ships found in Outer Wilds.That's everything I saw that screamed 'Outer Wilds' to me (before he revealed that it was based on Outer Wilds, of course).
It's interesting how you encountered the physics precision problem just like the Outer Wilds people did :D They fixed it by disabling any velocity changes to the player and just add all the forces in the opposite direction to everything else in the entire world! (Edit: Corrected game name thanks to Gulli)
@@Gulli03 Ohh shoot! Thanks a lot. Corrected! I just watched a couple episodes of the Outer Worlds ./noclip documentation and that was stuck in my mind. :D
They did the same treshold based recentering in Kerbal Space Program. That's because of floating point precision :) I had a different problem that I solved in the same way that you described, I was making a VR space thing, and when moving too fast the trigger collisions don't work very well. So I made the spaceship stay in the origin and applied the forces to everything else. It's causing a bit of problems with multiplayer, but I think I'll get to solve them soon!
We use floating points, which means that the "point" "floats", so you can either have 9999,9 or 99,999 or 9,9999... as the number gets bigger, its precision gets smaller - if you get into bigger numbers (aka far from origin), everything "shakes" because you need bigger precission than you currently have. So, everyone encounters that problem.
Here's an explanation of how they did the stars in Outer Wilds: The "stars" are actually just a particle system that follows the camera, the star particles are in a sphere shape around the camera. They set the particle system's layer to be in the back, behind all objects and UI in the world. Since they didnt move or rotate from your perspective it gives off the effect of stars really far away. A very interesting and effective way around the problem. You should apply it to your project!
@Gek Badass Not necessarily. If you want crisp stars, you would need a very high resolution cubemap, which will take up a lot more memory. Using particles to creates stars makes them detailed regardless of texture resolution and CPU/GPU power, with low memory consumption as well. Instancing and batching can be used to increase performance drastically, surpassing using a cubemap to achieve equal detail.
(Spoilers) Hmmm I wonder how they achieved the supernova then for each individual star, when you look at a star in the game you actually can see a bunch exploding, it's mentioned in one of the NPC's dialogue at the twin planets
Coding Adventure: Solar System Clouds Hydraulic erosion Simulating an Ecosystem Procedural Moons Atmosphere Dude we don't need to replace the universe yet
@Blayne Bradley In the game this video was based on - Outer Wilds - there's a big green planet that has tons of tornadoes and is a water world. I would highly recommend the game, it's my favorite of all time! If you want more information, make sure you find a *spoiler free* review or something because the game's progression is soley based upon what you know, so spoilers literately skip chunks of the game for you.
@@DrYoutubMAN THEORY ALERT THEORY ALERT SEBASTIAN IS THE CREATOR OF THIS UNIVERSE AND ALSO PRETENDS TO BE A HUMAN TO SEEM LIKE NORMAL BUT REALLY SEBASTIAN IS GOD WOULD YOU CARE TO JOIN MY RELIGION
Not a lot of channels are able to make coding sound so interesting, but damn you do it well! can't wait for more content, it's awesome to watch and really also good at teaching.
I love how he goes off topic every now and then and teaches you something super cool you never would of thought you were about to learn, then continues back to something super cool you clicked on to learn.
OMG i read that wrong... Mining... XD Make a 3d space exploration with procedurally generated minecraft like worlds XD Every player gets a planet they can modify and when they land on another planet they can ask for permission to edit the world otherwise they could only interact with it
OMFG I've taken astronomy classes before I went into programming (No luck on either so far), and at 7:10 when you showed the solar system paths from a planet center. my mind immediately rose to Geocentrism, It's so amazing on how a change of perspective can show this. Early astronomers were baffled by the loops, until Heliocentrism came around.
Oh my god! Thanks so much for mentioning outer wilds. I bought it a few days ago on sale, and just finished it. It's genuinely one of the best games I've played! It scares me to think of a timeline where I didn't watch this video and check out the game. Anyone reading this, do yourself a favour and buy it, I've played a lot of games, and this one shocked me with how enjoyable it is!!!
@Sebastian At 5:00 when the Sun starts to wobble, this is essentially how exoplanets (planets around stars other than the Sun) are detected! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets#Radial_Velocity
That is one of the methods. There are a lot more exoplanets found with transit method. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets#Transit_photometry *yes it's the same wikipedia article don't blame me lol*
1:16 You accidentally re-invented a simpler cousin to "leapfrog integration" by first updating the velocities and then updating the positions with those velocities in the Newtonian equations. It's called "symplectic Euler". "Leapfrog integration" is as stable as that, but more accurate (though you only see that after a very long simulation time, for a solar system possibly thousands of years). So don't worry, you probably did it right.
@Yannick Kuhn Oh I haven't seen your comment, I just suggested the Verlet algorithm ! Which is maybe more stable? I am not a specialist abot numerical scheme though
@@SebastianLague The creators of Principia, an n-body gravity mod for Kerbal Space Program, used a 5th Order Runge-Kutta integrator to simulate orbits if I remember correctly. You should be able to find more info on their GitHub page, they have a folder with resources. Also, maybe it could be a cool idea to draw the predicted path of the spaceship as a line visible from the cockpit?
Coding adventures might be my favorite programming content on the platform! Looking forward to watching this while I edit, please keep up the great work!
“Space,” it says, “is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mindbogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space.” - Douglas Adams
This is gettig funny from how absurd it became. Seriously Sebastian, what the frog man? This Coding Adventure is the most over powered thing in coding I ever seen.
8:00 Me: Hmmmm... that looks like outer wilds 8:45 Sebastian: I've recently been playing a brilliant game called outer wilds. Me: surprised pikachu face
That's why similations are used. It's not that hard to simulate a basic solar system but explicitly calculating the paths of all the planets is pretty much impossible due to the differential equations involved. Simulations are a powerful tool
Maybe when you add things to the planets, you could try scaling the player down by a large margin to make the planets a lot larger. (not actual planet size, but something that could be habitable by some species at least) Just to see what it would end up like. Maybe to make a second little experiment game where you can calmly fly across space, like some of those truck driver games you can find online. Paying minimal attention to keep the ship runnng, something that you could busy yourself with in the background while chatting with some friends. Something with more of a focus on the journey than the destination.
As an aerospace engineer, I absolutely love this --- I've been wanting to take my engineering knowledge and love of orbital mechanics to make a game kinda like this, but I need to get a better hang of coding in Unity and C# first. Fantastic work! Love your videos man.
WOW... just... wow. The beauty of simplicity. You have in your hands the potential to create an unparalleled work of art. This is but the beginning, and already you have something that captures the imagination with its possibilities. I can't wait to see what you would do with it.
Judging by the "num steps" parameter on the script, it's probably as simple as repeatedly calling his update functions for a bit and making a line out of the positions. Pretty low computational cost with this few objects :)
@@svthal1 If using unity, you could render mesh procedurally, just little low poly spheres at a high sample rate to simulate a line. I've made some ridiculously high poly counts with DrawRenderMesh, it ends up being called every frame and the render thread gets big, but is very low cost to cpu since no GameObjects are created, and if it's the only thing running can perform very well in real time. Like... millions of triangles and barely a hit on your fps. And given how much he does this stuff I wouldn't put it past him to just have a bunch of DLLs using native code or compute shaders all pre-made that do various things.
I’ve been waiting to finish school before focusing on too many extra hobbies. But coding was always a desire of mine. I love your videos and watching you progress. I don’t intend to do anything major with it but your tinkering around videos are a perfect representation of just having fun with learning
You should make a game using everything you’ve learnt from coding adventures like the clouds or terrain deformation and include biomes, poles, planets/solar system and ai animals
I don't think his clouds would work for a planet based system seeing as they're a flat plane. He'd need to figure out a way to wrap a planet in clouds.
imagine being so upset about the current ability to travel to and explore our current solar system that you just make you own. but really though, i'm loving your content. i just started learning HTML, CSS and Javascript on my own so i can't really understand anything of the code itself, but you explain in a great way and you're so relaxing and nice to listen to.
Here's a tip: If the planet's orbital periods are multiples of each other you should get a stable system. If think it's similar to how harmonic oscillators work.
So so so great .... I have created my solar system in Unity today and this video just popped up in recommendation. You have calculated position manually that’s awesome. I was also trying to do it. But had many troubles. So I then just added initialforce instead initial velocity and boom no coding is needed for rotation. The idea of spaceship and you can land on it is awesome. You are amazing 💕
I know this isn't in the spirit of this video, but Nbody sims are an excellent example of where a first pass at OOP falls short. On each update if you're pulling the 'body' object you're pulling a bunch of stuff you don't need into cache. You can get *significant* (i.e. 2 orders of mag) speedup by moving to a cache-coherent data model for these things. Doesn't matter for small N but for bigish N it's a massive advantage. Still - rad video!
Imagine creating a big game using every coding adventure you did. For example, the atmosphere one, the clouds one, the ecosystem one, the procedural planets and moons one, without forgetting that one. You get it. That would be soo cool! I hope you will do something like that someday!
Love the short explanation of origin offsets! I worked on autonomous cars and we had almost the exact same problem where the car would start behaving much worse further from its origin. Cool how some things transcend the physical and digital world
Omg... I'm not even of the area but I just loved the project and your passion about it. So happy about how you have explained everything. I'VE GOT IT ALL! Lovely work! ❤️
"I would like to experiment" "Maybe some procedurally generated planets" "The planets don't even rotate yet" good job but please. don't make me hope :'(
When I first saw that you made a universe sandbox-like engine that can simulate orbits, I was like "oh that's pretty cool" but then you added the ability to physically go in the universe and explore the planets you created and then I'm like "Oh my god that's awesome " and now you are planning to add stuff like lifeforms and now words can not describe my excitement for your next few uploads.
Whatever one may think of Star Citizen, I always thought it was wild that they went in there and rewrote to the positioning system to use 64 bit double precision floats. Fantastic video as always, Sebastian.
KSP resolves this precision issue (as well as issues with the rocket parts) by instead moving all of the planets *around* the player, keeping the spaceship at the origin. Also, the planets are on rails, but that takes the fun out of the whole exercise, doesn't it?...
@@TheAmazingCowpig IIRC, planets still won't be off the rails with Principia, but the orbit of your spacecraft will use N-body physics instead of Kepler orbits.
Peter Seres I'm pretty sure planets are off-rails in Principia; they specifically have to adjust the orbits of the Joolian moons from their original orbits, or else they'd cascade into Jool.
Through mashing a variety of space physics tutorials together I got some pretty good physics going but reducing all the relative positions and sizes of the celestial bodies to try and fit the whole solar system into a scene didn't work exactly as hoped. Most planets went into some kinda weird orbit around the Sun but poor Mercury always got ejected from the solar system. Looking forward to having a mess with the project files. Nice one for the excellent series!
the three bodies orbiting and pratically dancing with each other was an entertaining detail XD the music too lol. for real, it looks like they are juggling each other. super cool
I know it's been a year but I had the same exact thought as you and am actually trying to replicate that in unity using the code that he gave us, hopefully I'll be able to do it
Good idea but you got to be careful. When you scale down to much physics and movement gets less precise (what I mean is less “resolution” for numbers). Now Unity could get around or really make this less of a problem this by upgrading Unity to be a 64bit system (Use doubles instead of floats). Unreal Engine just upgraded to be 64Bit and I think Unity should as well.
Weren't the procedural planets based on Simplex noise derived from world space positions of the vertices? Moving these planets might result in constantly updated surfaces. Not sure though... But fixable
Just found this channel and I'm hugely impressed by everything. What you're doing, how well you explain it, how relaxing and easy you make it all seem... It's a good insight into some ways games and computers do things as well. And we get extra real-world information on the side. And I love the lines like the one about the purple planet people :D This is all-round quality content.
Very, very interesting and great presentation! However, shouldn't you use MovePosition for the rigidbodies instead of changing the position directly? I've got so many more questions. :) For example: Won't the orbits get unstable over time due to the floating point issues? Precalculated orbits and kinematic rigidbodies that move along those orbits might be able to circumvent that. There would still be issues with high velocities though.
I was inspired by this and started working on a solar system of my own! I made it so that not every body affects every other body-- I made a script called CelestialSystem so that, for example, a gas giant's moons wouldn't be affected by other planets and be thrown out of whack. Worked for me! Either way, very cool.
I am not a coder, no little to nothing about it. But I hecking love your channel and I get pretty excited when you post a new video. It's just very soothing hearing you go through your process. Very cool!
Hey Sebastian, cool video! I've been experimenting with orbital simulators myself, and a problem that I encountered is that modeling orbits with initial velocity and gravity, although more realistic and allowing for complex orbits, doesn't give neat cycles. In other words, orbits may drift over time. This is fine for a physics-driven game, but not too great when you need that precision. I found the following analytic method for orbit simulation in a university syllabus for astrophysics. It is not possible to directly express an orbiting body's true anomaly as a function of time, but there is a numerical method that, fortunately, is easily programmable. Firstly, compute the mean anomaly: M_a = 2*π(t - t0) / P Where t0 is the time at which the orbiting body is at its periapsis, IE the lowest point in the orbit. Then you can use the following function to compute the eccentric anomaly: const byte accuracy = 8; static float EccentricAnomaly(float meanAnomaly, float eccentricity) { float eccentricAnomaly = meanAnomaly; for(byte b = 0; b < accuracy; b ++) { eccentricAnomaly = meanAnomaly * (eccentricity * Mathf.Sin(eccentricAnomaly)); } return eccentricAnomaly; } where meanAnomaly is the value M_a as computed above, and the eccentricity is one of the Kepler orbit parameters, defining the oblateness of the orbit. You can then calculate φ, the angle in radians between the periapsis and the current position of the orbiting body. This can be used to construct a unit vector from the orbited body pointing at the orbiting body. You van compute φ as follows: cos φ = (cos(E)−1)/(1−e*cosE) where E is the eccentric anomaly. Now knowing φ, we know the direction to the orbiting body. The altitude (ie the magnitude of the vector between the orbited and orbiting body) is then found as: r = a(1 - e*cos(E)) Where 'a' is the semi-major axis, 'e' is eccentricity, and 'E' is the eccentric anomaly. Scaling the unit vector computed through φ with r, you finally find the position of the orbited object relative to the orbited object. This means that you can have all motion be local, which in turn makes the system fully compatible with your solution to spatial jitter (which is, interestingly enough, the same solution that Kerbal Space Program uses). This method doesn't allow for complex N-body simulations, but _does_ allow for massive parallelization. It can be implemented using Jobs and ECS for increased performance, or even with a compute shader to calculate thousands of orbits at once. I'm currently building an asset based on this method, which I hope to publish on the Asset store for free.
To find out the initial velocity, you can use the formula: velocity = the square root of (gravity * mass of central planet) / The distance between them. (G * m2) / r ! Thanks for posting this video!
"Simulating erosion of a mountain": Wow that's neat
"Simulating an ecosystem": Oh, that's pretty cool.
"Simulating a Solar System": Wait, where is this going?
Upwards. Really, really quickly
"Becoming god by accidentally discovering the events that led to the big bang"
No Man's Sky
Spore 2
No Man's Sky lol
Judging by what Sebastian thinks is ugly, it would be an honor if he called my art ugly :D Awesome work!
Everything is relative ;P
@@MorgurEdits ;P
@Almost blank I think he meant when Sebastian called the spaceship ugly not the planets
@@jambie You are right, thanks :)
Tons Of Hun Studios He’s being humble.
Give this guy 20 more years and you will find "coding adventures: the matrix" in your feed
Yo just make 2d array
@@Kokurorokuko well he's not talking bout that Matrix
If he wills, 1 is enough...
@@Kokurorokuko And iterate over it and voila, we have agent Smith
He should heart this comment, it’s absolutely amazing..and original. I love this
"“If you wish to make an apple pie from scratch, you must first invent the universe.”" - Carl Sagan
One of my favorite quotes from carl
I vaguely remember some Netflix show with Carl Sagan. Does anyone remember the name of it? It had him standing on the giant universal calendar
Marinebiohazard cosmos
The Interesting Informer, Thank you!!
Was that a productive TH-cam reply section? A rare sight indeed.
8:02 "I opened up blender and made a rather ugly space exploration vehicle"
My attempt: *potato*
As opposed to his nofeatures cylinder sub when it was first made
Mine is just a holo cylinder
better than a Kale leaf
anshats your about page is soooo funny 😐
This is really fascinating, the universe is really lit tbh
Is it just me or does the Universe look THICC
Dani the universe needs a 'milky wayy' care to join! Lol
Try build an entire solar system..or you can't? jk... Unless?
Thanks!
@@SebastianLague keep up the great videos man, always love to see them!
This was comfortable to watch. It's currently 2 am, the background was dark, brightness toned down and the planets were easily visible. Idk why I wrote this. This was just satisfying
No i totally get you. This is really... nice
2030 Coding Adventure: Entire Alternate Universe.
Coding Adventure's Sky
2022: Galaxies
2027: Galaxy Clusters
but its procedural generated and has portals that lead to other universes
I mean, if you got infinite time, its possible
its a joke... he previously did coding adventures where he made portals and a procedural generated world.
Man I am so impatient for part 2 I came back to watch this again xD
Haha thanks for this reminder to stop lazing about and get back to work!
@@SebastianLague if you dont do it tomorrow i'll make my own solar system.. with black jack.. and hookers... you know what? Forget the solar system
Same lol. I am making a space game and I don't know how to do LOD and stuff so I keep every week or so check back to see if anyone has a decent tutorial on how lod works.
@@elnico5623 Bender?
Ben Jammin and Benjamin Long, do you guys know each other or something?
"One day they'll figure out that the sun is actually the center and its gonna make so much more sense" -- I spent way too long thinking about this
Society in the1400s
Yeah, but then the Church set fire to the guy who said that, so
@@zapdragon5942 I mean, the dude actually worked for the church.
@@zapdragon5942 No they didn't. I despise the catholic church but there's no need to lie about their actions. They were bad enough already.
It's funny because it's actually those same apparent retrograde movements that clued us into the fact that the planets orbit the sun.
Watching those planets twirl around each other was mesmerizing
This video highlights how easy it is for NASA to see a deep space body and calculate with 100% accuracy whether it would hit the earth or not...
Play Outer Wilds. If you like that sort of thing, you’ll love that game.
The music accompaniement for the sphere “dances” was a really good idea
Everytime I watch a Sebastian video, I feel like such a dunce. But I am so hyped to see you try this. I remember watching the Outter Wild's documentary, & when Alex mentioned his solution for fixing floating point precision was to move everything to the player, I almost fainted from how genius that was!
"The engines don't move the ship at all. The ship stays where it is and the engines move the universe around it."
Futurama 100.
There are thrusters on everything in the universe except the vehicle.
That's actually how floating point origins work
@@elektra81516 exactly!
@@okboing yep!!
“Does your ship meet all the safety requirements?”
“It has a fire extinguisher.”
PASS, ITS FULLY SPACEFLIGHT CAPABLE
I wonder if Wall-E just flew around semi-randomly for ever in space with a fire extinguisher, how long would it take for the fire-extinguisher stuff to create a planet (assuming the fire extinguisher has an infinite supply of stuff)? What would that planet be like? Could it stand up to an orbit around the sun?
@@ZachTheHuman I know i come late to the party, but here are my thoughts anyway: Judging by his own size, Wall-E's extinguisher contains around 3 litres of compressed foam, which normally takes 10 sec. to empty, so 0.3l/sec. As soon as the foam will flock together it will release almost all of the air inside, leaving the water and tensides which will then regain the same volume as the compressed form. Assuming that the extinguisher magically regenerates the foam it looses, it would take 2,319,356,774,070,000 (2 sextillion) years to create a ball of water the size of the moon, but it wouldn't have as much gravity as the moon. Of course this assumes that no water evaporates from this body of water, which is unrealistic. It's water without foam, as the gas will have separated rather quickly, floating away, as this planet wouldn't have enough gravity to hold an atmosphere. It would literally be a ball of water, or rather ice, if it orbits further away from its sun. But it would have no problem with orbiting.
@@valentinmitterbauer4196 Huh. Thanks, that was super cool, I wasn’t expecting anyone to really answer my question! Huge respect to you man. 🙌
I was going to make a joke about him basically recreating outer wilds, then he said that's exactly what he was doing and I was like oh ok this makes a lot more sense now.
Benjamin Anderson so, from now on every space game with orbital mechanics is outer wilds?
@@milkywegian Well, the two binary planets closest to the star are also found in Outer Wilds, the second planet being a nice green one with a tiny moon is also true in Outer Wilds, a large planet with high gravity is also found in Outer Wilds (but that's pretty generic), and the ship design could fit right in with the rest of the ships found in Outer Wilds.That's everything I saw that screamed 'Outer Wilds' to me (before he revealed that it was based on Outer Wilds, of course).
@@milkywegian Can you really not see the similarities? Did you play outer wilds?
At first I was like "Oh it's like KSP" but it is true that Outer Wilds is more similar.
Outer wilds doesn't really have orbital mechanics beyond the planets
It's interesting how you encountered the physics precision problem just like the Outer Wilds people did :D
They fixed it by disabling any velocity changes to the player and just add all the forces in the opposite direction to everything else in the entire world!
(Edit: Corrected game name thanks to Gulli)
It's "Outer Wilds" not "Outer Worlds"
@@Gulli03 Ohh shoot! Thanks a lot. Corrected! I just watched a couple episodes of the Outer Worlds ./noclip documentation and that was stuck in my mind. :D
So pretty much the same Sebastian did but in a continuous way instead of a discrete one
They did the same treshold based recentering in Kerbal Space Program. That's because of floating point precision :) I had a different problem that I solved in the same way that you described, I was making a VR space thing, and when moving too fast the trigger collisions don't work very well. So I made the spaceship stay in the origin and applied the forces to everything else. It's causing a bit of problems with multiplayer, but I think I'll get to solve them soon!
We use floating points, which means that the "point" "floats", so you can either have 9999,9 or 99,999 or 9,9999... as the number gets bigger, its precision gets smaller - if you get into bigger numbers (aka far from origin), everything "shakes" because you need bigger precission than you currently have.
So, everyone encounters that problem.
Here's an explanation of how they did the stars in Outer Wilds:
The "stars" are actually just a particle system that follows the camera, the star particles are in a sphere shape around the camera. They set the particle system's layer to be in the back, behind all objects and UI in the world. Since they didnt move or rotate from your perspective it gives off the effect of stars really far away. A very interesting and effective way around the problem. You should apply it to your project!
@Gek Badass cubemap is limited by being a texture, particle system is more flexible
@Gek Badass Not necessarily. If you want crisp stars, you would need a very high resolution cubemap, which will take up a lot more memory. Using particles to creates stars makes them detailed regardless of texture resolution and CPU/GPU power, with low memory consumption as well. Instancing and batching can be used to increase performance drastically, surpassing using a cubemap to achieve equal detail.
As a person learning ROBLOX dev this isn’t possible I think
@@disrespecc9678 why would this not be possible?
(Spoilers) Hmmm I wonder how they achieved the supernova then for each individual star, when you look at a star in the game you actually can see a bunch exploding, it's mentioned in one of the NPC's dialogue at the twin planets
Coding Adventure:
Solar System
Clouds
Hydraulic erosion
Simulating an Ecosystem
Procedural Moons
Atmosphere
Dude we don't need to replace the universe yet
honestly with the amount of shit that has happened we might need to
Have you seen ours lately?!
Yet...
YET
look around you, yes we do
Am I the only person who was startled when he hit the green planet and didn’t go through into a water world with tornados? Damn I love that game.
damn too me a sec too long
@Blayne Bradley In the game this video was based on - Outer Wilds - there's a big green planet that has tons of tornadoes and is a water world. I would highly recommend the game, it's my favorite of all time! If you want more information, make sure you find a *spoiler free* review or something because the game's progression is soley based upon what you know, so spoilers literately skip chunks of the game for you.
real
In some future episode: So apparently the creatures are worshiping me as if I am god... Interesting
'Unfortunately, I had to put this thing on hold while I focus on more interesting projects. Bye, bye, little creatures.'
“Unfortunately that won’t make their lives easier”
So the Big Bang was the start of the simulation
@@DrYoutubMAN THEORY ALERT THEORY ALERT
SEBASTIAN IS THE CREATOR OF THIS UNIVERSE AND ALSO PRETENDS TO BE A HUMAN TO SEEM LIKE NORMAL BUT REALLY SEBASTIAN IS GOD
WOULD YOU CARE TO JOIN MY RELIGION
@@DrYoutubMAN Our whole universe was in a hot dense state-
This is amazing. I'd really love to see him combine a lot of his projects (procedural planets, ecosystems, etc) into a universe sandbox type game
wait its you, i was watching ur vids in 2017
hi sam
hi sam
hi sam
Not a lot of channels are able to make coding sound so interesting, but damn you do it well!
can't wait for more content, it's awesome to watch and really also good at teaching.
W-what are you doing here gromek?
did not expect you to be here
I love how he goes off topic every now and then and teaches you something super cool you never would of thought you were about to learn, then continues back to something super cool you clicked on to learn.
3:09 what happens with headphone wires when you put them in your pocket.
This is an underrated comment here have a like
It's all I can do
Best comment ever
Lmao
Headphone wires have three heavy ends, so this could actually be an interesting approach for studying the tangling of headphone cables.
“Because of this, among other grievances, I’ve decided to make my own solar system.”
Straight out of a Terry Pratchett novel
it really is lol
*makes a solar system IRL*
Coding Adventure: Outer Wilds.
Coding adventure : examining no man's sky by making one
Coding Adventure: Kerbal Space Program
Exactly what I was thinking.
None of those games use nbody physcis though.
Coding adventure: Piracy
Next video: Coding Adventure: Meaning of life
That's too easy. Print 42.
OMG i read that wrong...
Mining... XD
Make a 3d space exploration with procedurally generated minecraft like worlds XD
Every player gets a planet they can modify and when they land on another planet they can ask for permission to edit the world otherwise they could only interact with it
Cringy comment.
Simulating Meaning of Life, rather.
OMFG
I've taken astronomy classes before I went into programming (No luck on either so far), and at 7:10 when you showed the solar system paths from a planet center. my mind immediately rose to Geocentrism, It's so amazing on how a change of perspective can show this. Early astronomers were baffled by the loops, until Heliocentrism came around.
Oh my god! Thanks so much for mentioning outer wilds. I bought it a few days ago on sale, and just finished it. It's genuinely one of the best games I've played! It scares me to think of a timeline where I didn't watch this video and check out the game. Anyone reading this, do yourself a favour and buy it, I've played a lot of games, and this one shocked me with how enjoyable it is!!!
I love how he plays that tango music when 3 planets are rythmically spinning around each other
Relationships when everyone dates everyone
That's what I thought
These are my favorite videos on TH-cam.
3:10 my earbuds the second I put them in my pocket.
HAHAHAHA i'm dying xD
You have three ears?
@@kesleta7697 you have 2? how else will your eyes hear the music?
This is actually so cool. Outer Wilds is one of my favorite games so this was very interesting to watch.
I agree
@Sebastian At 5:00 when the Sun starts to wobble, this is essentially how exoplanets (planets around stars other than the Sun) are detected! en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets#Radial_Velocity
That is one of the methods. There are a lot more exoplanets found with transit method.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets#Transit_photometry
*yes it's the same wikipedia article don't blame me lol*
1:16 You accidentally re-invented a simpler cousin to "leapfrog integration" by first updating the velocities and then updating the positions with those velocities in the Newtonian equations. It's called "symplectic Euler". "Leapfrog integration" is as stable as that, but more accurate (though you only see that after a very long simulation time, for a solar system possibly thousands of years). So don't worry, you probably did it right.
Thanks for the info!
@@SebastianLague This is an amazing resource I've found for integration, especially to do with games. gafferongames.com/post/integration_basics/
@Yannick Kuhn Oh I haven't seen your comment, I just suggested the Verlet algorithm ! Which is maybe more stable? I am not a specialist abot numerical scheme though
@@SebastianLague The creators of Principia, an n-body gravity mod for Kerbal Space Program, used a 5th Order Runge-Kutta integrator to simulate orbits if I remember correctly. You should be able to find more info on their GitHub page, they have a folder with resources.
Also, maybe it could be a cool idea to draw the predicted path of the spaceship as a line visible from the cockpit?
@@adrienreynaud9668 The (Störmer-)Verlet algorithm _is_ the leapfrog algorithm. It just has many names, is all.
Coding adventures might be my favorite programming content on the platform! Looking forward to watching this while I edit, please keep up the great work!
“Space,” it says, “is big. Really big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mindbogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's a long way down the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space.” - Douglas Adams
Hitchhiker's guide ?
And yet, if your car could drive "up", it would only take a couple of hours to go to space.
i've been reading the first book,it's really good
@@ruroruro And then another few months just to get to the moon.
@@ruroruro I mean you are always in space lmao.
This is gettig funny from how absurd it became.
Seriously Sebastian, what the frog man? This Coding Adventure is the most over powered thing in coding I ever seen.
Coding Adventures has become one of those rare series on TH-cam where I instantly like the video before even watching it.
You make me feel inadequate as a Software Engineer. Which is exactly why I'm subscribed!
You and me both
God: this is perfect
Sebastian lague: hmm let me improve a few things...
8:00
Me: Hmmmm... that looks like outer wilds
8:45
Sebastian: I've recently been playing a brilliant game called outer wilds.
Me: surprised pikachu face
OUTER WIIILDS outer wilds is an amazing game and I am SO glad to see you playing around with some of the more basic concepts from it :3
Physics person: _tries to understand gravity_
Differential equations: *henlo*
That's why similations are used.
It's not that hard to simulate a basic solar system but explicitly calculating the paths of all the planets is pretty much impossible due to the differential equations involved.
Simulations are a powerful tool
programmer: _timeStep_
Maybe when you add things to the planets, you could try scaling the player down by a large margin to make the planets a lot larger. (not actual planet size, but something that could be habitable by some species at least) Just to see what it would end up like. Maybe to make a second little experiment game where you can calmly fly across space, like some of those truck driver games you can find online. Paying minimal attention to keep the ship runnng, something that you could busy yourself with in the background while chatting with some friends. Something with more of a focus on the journey than the destination.
I like this idea so much that I'm trying to make it myself. I already have the gravity done
Why is nobody talking about just how beautiful the planetary dance starting at 2:16 is? And how they go wild at 2:45? It's such a mesmerising scene
Me : struggle to make an fps camera
Sebastian: I made a universe simulation, cheers
As an aerospace engineer, I absolutely love this --- I've been wanting to take my engineering knowledge and love of orbital mechanics to make a game kinda like this, but I need to get a better hang of coding in Unity and C# first. Fantastic work! Love your videos man.
WOW... just... wow. The beauty of simplicity. You have in your hands the potential to create an unparalleled work of art. This is but the beginning, and already you have something that captures the imagination with its possibilities. I can't wait to see what you would do with it.
Next episode - Coding Adventure: Theory of Everything
11:04
“As you can see, everything is jiggling like there’s no tomorrow.”
This is an amazing string of words.
I'm *very* curious how you made that orbit visualizer, my guess is rendering line segments one at a time, but regardless it looks fantastic!
I would guess he is calculating the orbits first and then rendering them.
Judging by the "num steps" parameter on the script, it's probably as simple as repeatedly calling his update functions for a bit and making a line out of the positions. Pretty low computational cost with this few objects :)
@@svthal1 If using unity, you could render mesh procedurally, just little low poly spheres at a high sample rate to simulate a line. I've made some ridiculously high poly counts with DrawRenderMesh, it ends up being called every frame and the render thread gets big, but is very low cost to cpu since no GameObjects are created, and if it's the only thing running can perform very well in real time. Like... millions of triangles and barely a hit on your fps. And given how much he does this stuff I wouldn't put it past him to just have a bunch of DLLs using native code or compute shaders all pre-made that do various things.
I’ve been waiting to finish school before focusing on too many extra hobbies. But coding was always a desire of mine. I love your videos and watching you progress.
I don’t intend to do anything major with it but your tinkering around videos are a perfect representation of just having fun with learning
Dude ive been following you for a while now and every video i find from you is more impressive then the last
Awesome stuff!
Thanks Nick!
@@SebastianLague how wholesome
Petition to rename this series to "Sebastian's Bizarre Coding Adventure"
Please don’t do that....
No.
You tought it was a working code but it was me, errors!
You should make a game using everything you’ve learnt from coding adventures like the clouds or terrain deformation and include biomes, poles, planets/solar system and ai animals
Yo dawg, I heard that heat kills viruses! So I made a game that makes your computer catch fire so you can play while you disinfect yourself!
He'd need one crazy supercomputer for that one
Seeing as his PC could barely handle the clouds, this will not happen
I don't think his clouds would work for a planet based system seeing as they're a flat plane. He'd need to figure out a way to wrap a planet in clouds.
imagine being so upset about the current ability to travel to and explore our current solar system that you just make you own. but really though, i'm loving your content. i just started learning HTML, CSS and Javascript on my own so i can't really understand anything of the code itself, but you explain in a great way and you're so relaxing and nice to listen to.
1:50 every video i'm curious how you use line renderer etc. to debug or show/ predict movement like this???
I think it's Gizmos instead of LineRenderer
its both. Debug.DrawLine while in Edit mode and LineRenderer enabled while in playmode.
I can't figure out how to configure a line renderer to work with this lolol
Am I the only one who was smiling throughout the whole video because of how cool this is
Here's a tip:
If the planet's orbital periods are multiples of each other you should get a stable system.
If think it's similar to how harmonic oscillators work.
It's called orbital resonance
This is what makes me feel happy
I am grinning like a child in a toy store.
So so so great .... I have created my solar system in Unity today and this video just popped up in recommendation. You have calculated position manually that’s awesome. I was also trying to do it. But had many troubles. So I then just added initialforce instead initial velocity and boom no coding is needed for rotation. The idea of spaceship and you can land on it is awesome. You are amazing 💕
2:00 anyone else who found the orbits and music together just absolutely beautiful? Something about it mesmerized me.
He sounds so excited when he explores stuff in his own game - it's really awesome!!
Exactly what I've been waiting for
2:22 just beautiful.. And to think, this is how our planets move around our moving star, in real life.
I know this isn't in the spirit of this video, but Nbody sims are an excellent example of where a first pass at OOP falls short. On each update if you're pulling the 'body' object you're pulling a bunch of stuff you don't need into cache. You can get *significant* (i.e. 2 orders of mag) speedup by moving to a cache-coherent data model for these things. Doesn't matter for small N but for bigish N it's a massive advantage. Still - rad video!
Imagine creating a big game using every coding adventure you did. For example, the atmosphere one, the clouds one, the ecosystem one, the procedural planets and moons one, without forgetting that one. You get it. That would be soo cool! I hope you will do something like that someday!
8:10 *NASA wants to know your location*
2:55 me trying to dock inn KSP
How to tie a knot
This series is cool - but the ecosystem video was by far my favourite.
Same! Put the ecosystem on the planets
@@match_mc114And then, after 10000 cycles put some species from one planet to another!
Hard disagree. These are much more interesting and cool.
@@homeyworkey Same, the ecosystem one was probably one of my least favourites :>
@@dot32 There's another channel that does very similar things too, forgot their name though. They're a blue blob (you will know him if you know him)
Love the short explanation of origin offsets! I worked on autonomous cars and we had almost the exact same problem where the car would start behaving much worse further from its origin. Cool how some things transcend the physical and digital world
Omg... I'm not even of the area but I just loved the project and your passion about it. So happy about how you have explained everything. I'VE GOT IT ALL! Lovely work! ❤️
I’m happy you enjoyed it!
"these masses actually cancel out."
Einstein has entered the chat.
"I would like to experiment"
"Maybe some procedurally generated planets"
"The planets don't even rotate yet"
good job but please.
don't make me hope :'(
It's actually something he already did in the past, there's a whole series about it on his channel
Quarantine has me watching a dude play god and create a solar system of his own, Nice.
When I first saw that you made a universe sandbox-like engine that can simulate orbits, I was like "oh that's pretty cool" but then you added the ability to physically go in the universe and explore the planets you created and then I'm like "Oh my god that's awesome " and now you are planning to add stuff like lifeforms and now words can not describe my excitement for your next few uploads.
Whatever one may think of Star Citizen, I always thought it was wild that they went in there and rewrote to the positioning system to use 64 bit double precision floats. Fantastic video as always, Sebastian.
KSP resolves this precision issue (as well as issues with the rocket parts) by instead moving all of the planets *around* the player, keeping the spaceship at the origin.
Also, the planets are on rails, but that takes the fun out of the whole exercise, doesn't it?...
The concept of moving everything relative to yourself is embedded everywhere, OpenGL "moves" it's camera around the same way
I mean, if you want to take the planets off-rails in KSP, there's always Principia for proper n-body physics.
@@TheAmazingCowpig IIRC, planets still won't be off the rails with Principia, but the orbit of your spacecraft will use N-body physics instead of Kepler orbits.
Peter Seres I'm pretty sure planets are off-rails in Principia; they specifically have to adjust the orbits of the Joolian moons from their original orbits, or else they'd cascade into Jool.
th-cam.com/video/1RtMMupdOC4/w-d-xo.html
When I finished watching the whole episode.
TH-cam: This video was published 22 seconds ago
Ok, TH-cam. I think
Imagine if he had procedurally generates worlds with clouds, ecosystems, and boids
Through mashing a variety of space physics tutorials together I got some pretty good physics going but reducing all the relative positions and sizes of the celestial bodies to try and fit the whole solar system into a scene didn't work exactly as hoped. Most planets went into some kinda weird orbit around the Sun but poor Mercury always got ejected from the solar system.
Looking forward to having a mess with the project files. Nice one for the excellent series!
the three bodies orbiting and pratically dancing with each other was an entertaining detail XD the music too lol. for real, it looks like they are juggling each other. super cool
3:24 It would be great to see a tutorial on the orbit visualisation you have here.
I know it's been a year but I had the same exact thought as you and am actually trying to replicate that in unity using the code that he gave us, hopefully I'll be able to do it
Good idea but you got to be careful. When you scale down to much physics and movement gets less precise (what I mean is less “resolution” for numbers). Now Unity could get around or really make this less of a problem this by upgrading Unity to be a 64bit system (Use doubles instead of floats). Unreal Engine just upgraded to be 64Bit and I think Unity should as well.
Kerbal Space Program: *exists*
Sebastian Lague: I'm about to end this mans whole career
Why didn’t you just add your planet generation to the planets?
I think thats something he is setting up for :) I also hope he does that
"just" :D
"If it were so easy"
Weren't the procedural planets based on Simplex noise derived from world space positions of the vertices?
Moving these planets might result in constantly updated surfaces. Not sure though... But fixable
@@kffire12 it's not that difficult, the only rough part would be importing the generation files and tweaking them a bit.
Just found this channel and I'm hugely impressed by everything. What you're doing, how well you explain it, how relaxing and easy you make it all seem... It's a good insight into some ways games and computers do things as well. And we get extra real-world information on the side.
And I love the lines like the one about the purple planet people :D
This is all-round quality content.
Amazing to see the start of so many wonderful coding adventures from this project!
Very, very interesting and great presentation! However, shouldn't you use MovePosition for the rigidbodies instead of changing the position directly? I've got so many more questions. :) For example: Won't the orbits get unstable over time due to the floating point issues? Precalculated orbits and kinematic rigidbodies that move along those orbits might be able to circumvent that. There would still be issues with high velocities though.
11:34 You basically just made The Planet Express Ship from Futurama.. The ship stays still but the space around you moves.
Friggin personalized notifications, I didn’t get notified
Got it fast anyway xD
@@Saleca Heck yeah dude
It's nothing personal.
I was inspired by this and started working on a solar system of my own! I made it so that not every body affects every other body-- I made a script called CelestialSystem so that, for example, a gas giant's moons wouldn't be affected by other planets and be thrown out of whack. Worked for me! Either way, very cool.
I am not a coder, no little to nothing about it. But I hecking love your channel and I get pretty excited when you post a new video. It's just very soothing hearing you go through your process. Very cool!
"But there's a fire extinguisher, so at least it's safe."
Hey Sebastian, cool video! I've been experimenting with orbital simulators myself, and a problem that I encountered is that modeling orbits with initial velocity and gravity, although more realistic and allowing for complex orbits, doesn't give neat cycles. In other words, orbits may drift over time. This is fine for a physics-driven game, but not too great when you need that precision. I found the following analytic method for orbit simulation in a university syllabus for astrophysics.
It is not possible to directly express an orbiting body's true anomaly as a function of time, but there is a numerical method that, fortunately, is easily programmable.
Firstly, compute the mean anomaly: M_a = 2*π(t - t0) / P
Where t0 is the time at which the orbiting body is at its periapsis, IE the lowest point in the orbit.
Then you can use the following function to compute the eccentric anomaly:
const byte accuracy = 8;
static float EccentricAnomaly(float meanAnomaly, float eccentricity)
{
float eccentricAnomaly = meanAnomaly;
for(byte b = 0; b < accuracy; b ++)
{
eccentricAnomaly = meanAnomaly * (eccentricity * Mathf.Sin(eccentricAnomaly));
}
return eccentricAnomaly;
}
where meanAnomaly is the value M_a as computed above, and the eccentricity is one of the Kepler orbit parameters, defining the oblateness of the orbit.
You can then calculate φ, the angle in radians between the periapsis and the current position of the orbiting body. This can be used to construct a unit vector from the orbited body pointing at the orbiting body. You van compute φ as follows: cos φ = (cos(E)−1)/(1−e*cosE)
where E is the eccentric anomaly.
Now knowing φ, we know the direction to the orbiting body. The altitude (ie the magnitude of the vector between the orbited and orbiting body) is then found as: r = a(1 - e*cos(E))
Where 'a' is the semi-major axis, 'e' is eccentricity, and 'E' is the eccentric anomaly.
Scaling the unit vector computed through φ with r, you finally find the position of the orbited object relative to the orbited object. This means that you can have all motion be local, which in turn makes the system fully compatible with your solution to spatial jitter (which is, interestingly enough, the same solution that Kerbal Space Program uses).
This method doesn't allow for complex N-body simulations, but _does_ allow for massive parallelization. It can be implemented using Jobs and ECS for increased performance, or even with a compute shader to calculate thousands of orbits at once.
I'm currently building an asset based on this method, which I hope to publish on the Asset store for free.
I lost you like 5 words in
Imagine if that taught mathematics like this in school! I would of actually paid attention.
I have that with every science/math/coding video on youtube.. this is so much better explained than those boring textbooks.
To find out the initial velocity, you can use the formula: velocity = the square root of (gravity * mass of central planet) / The distance between them.
(G * m2) / r ! Thanks for posting this video!
Whoa, the planets are dancing tango really well!