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The quality of this broadcast is off the scale. I'm just not used to political discussions of this coherence because I'm used to the BBC with their dire, dumbed-down political coverage. Why is that Grant Williams can produce a calm, coherent, and informative broadcast, but the BBC (with all their resources - including MY licence fee) cannot?
@Philip Alexander Yes, true, but more than that. These guys have already made their money and, while I am sure they want to see RV a commercial success, they are also motivated by wishing to give something back. That is a rare quality nowadays. The BBC, by comparison, is fundamentally a control mechanism for the masses - ie the very opposite goal.
*NOTE* This is the first episode of a three-part series. The second episode will be released at 5PM EDT tomorrow, 9/6, and the third episode will be released at noon EDT on Saturday, 9/7. Watch the whole series in order here: th-cam.com/play/PL2-78gs9nRfOlCVUxOGx5JTCn3tF0CmkN.html
History. Much underrated and represents a void for most. Extrapolating from a place of ignorance has always ensured an upset/ surprise. Regardless of whether you are for or against, the nation state is set for a come-back and supranationalism is now in a decline with regard to legitimacy. You hit the nail on the head with 'empire'. The inflexible, unassailable EU can't last. It will be brought down in flames in the end. Conflict arises out of the arrogance of Brussels. The refusal of the EC to acknowledge the need for compromise is the beginning and end of it. they wear 'democracy' like a cloak of subterfuge. We can see through it now. Great episode guys.
by far one of the best if not the best i have ever watched and wanted to listen throughout without any distraction covering all angles and incorporating the historical facts, i hope these guys go on to produce more of these videos
Taken as a whole, the series of Real Vision Finance youtube presentations, are the most intelligent forum for ideas presented online. Each segment is a joy of clarity and comprehension. Bravo.
I'm Italian and there are several mistakes in this video: 1) In the previous election (the one which has made the league and 5 star into the governing parties) the main theme has been the immigrant from Africa and the euro/EU where somewhat of a minor theme: while the popularity of the 5 star might be in large part thanks to some anger against the EU (5 star is also popular because of the perceived corruption of the politicians and the whole burocracy), the popularity of the league (which the pools give as the first party in Italy) is in great part due to the easy solution that Salvini (the league leader's) proposed during the campaign. 2) Italy's economic problem have root in the '80. During that period the government were spending ludicrous amount of money which now have to be repaid, we have one of the highest public debt to GDP ratio in Europe and our economy has seen no growth for a long time. One year ago the EU allowed the Italian government for a 2.04% deficit; these money have been spent on three major things: (I'm not sure how to properly translate them in English without distorting the meaning so I won't), they are called "quota 100" which allows for early retirement, " reddito di cittadinanza (this translates literally to Universal basic income but it's not, is not universal but depends on the family income)" which is giving money to the unemployed while finding them another job (the part about finding job has yet to be properly implemented, for now we have only given money to the unemployed) and a "flat tax" for income below a certain threshold. Of these three the first two were supposed to have an amazing effect on our economy, they were sold by our politician (to both the citizens and the EU) as a way of restarting the growth of our economy. Guess what? No growth whatsoever thanks to these but still more debt which, unless the new government (oh yes, another government after a little bit over one year from the election; we had 18 government in the last 20 years) finds the money to repay (it's a bit more complicated than this, it involves a safety net with the EU which being the bad guy they are don't want us going into bankruptcy but whatever) will mean an increase of the tax on goods and services which will shrink our economy even more. 3) Italy by adopting the euro and having a stable currency has saved something around 200 billion euro in interest on our national debt. The incapacity of our politician to make something out of this is ours and ours only.
This has to be my favorite Real Vision video yet. Learning about the history of finance and how it impacts our world today is top-notch stuff. More of this style of content please!
Correct. Once you separate scarcity and effort (mining, separating, refining) from money it becomes currency, which often becomes highly speculative and far removed from its original intent.
This is documentary level quality the content, the history even the cinematography is very well done (Italy being beautiful definitely helps with the last one) Real Vision I will watch every bit of content you make if it is this level of quality.
The analysis on the Italian situation (and history) was just perfect. And the photography was breathtaking! It really managed to capture the beauty of Italy.
Italian should be smart enough to think that after joining euro their economy is going down hill. Thanks for a fair conversation about ECC. Very informative.
Wow I'm pro European Union and usually the arguments against the Union are weak or racist but here we have a top level of discussion and points that actually make sense.
Great video, content not found on TV channels, thumbs up! France has pushed Europe to use a central currency after the war, the German DM was becoming too powerful. They have helped get Italy aboard with GMS to cover up the books to make it happen, so that France was suddenly not the weakest anymore in the project. Your video states that this monetary project has not been done before but the USA has strong rich parts and poor parts, the rich pay for the poor. And this is what the rich countries in Europe are not willing to do, at least nobody has asked them where to go with this European project and if they are willing to become poorer. And worse is coming, now the rich countries like Germany are underestimating the change in car industry, their biggest economic driver, yes I know they have just released a full electric Porsche for 180000 or something, but we are losing on a world scale we cannot imagine yet. Our democracy is killing us now, look at how democratic the brits are and where it leads to, nowhere? Huge loss of time and resources which should be going into productive economic drivers. So indeed the European bureaucracy and supremacy is the biggest cause for its demise, and the borders of Europe are at the weakest countries. Rome 2.0. Keep these flix coming, much appreciated.
Thank you for such an enlightening discussion regarding how Italian Finance and Politics fits into the European Union. My daughter lives in Rome and married to a Roman man. They have spoken about the Italian struggle of their financial position in the European Union, but I do not think they and many Italians fully understand the predicament they are in.
The irony of the European Union and a single currency is that the end result has become a sort of 'reverse reparations', with the poorer countries of Europe having to 'toe the debt line' of Germany. A system designed to reduce internal European possibilities of law might well lead to the next European conflict.
Where is the link to the full interview? I watched it in it’s entirety in the past and all of a sudden it cut out. Ir has RV locked it down into the paid subscription?
I will tell you why the banking system is a mess, not only Italy but all over the world because bankers are not supposed to be in the lending business in fact bankers have never been in the lending business. Bank's role is limited only in converting the customer's asset backed promissory note into a means of exchange and then reversing this transaction. If the banks limited this role they wouldn't be in any mess. the second reason is that speculation must not be allowed, conclusion interest charges on non existent loans and speculation is the root cause of all economic misery. All debts are a fraud of epic proportion, therefore all so called debts must be repudiated and start again by issuing real loans and no interest charges and banks must be owned by all the people and not by the few parasites.
Does anyone know why the currency union prevents them getting lower interest rates? I have a feel for it but id love to know the answer in more precise terms.
Capitalism may have self-correcting mechanism but when the environment in which capitalism is operating within is so artificial, so insanely managed those mechanism aren't allowed to work and thus we've fallen into this toxic debt wasteland where self-correction isn't seen as being an option. They will squeeze every last drop that they can before they throw the fruit to the ground to let it decompose and eventually bring about new life, Italy is simply caught in a complex mechanism of this debt-based monetary system.
All our latest Prime Minister: Mario Monti, P. Schioppa, Letta, Prodi, etc are unknown and unelected from italian vote but they took the power for many years and all of them comes from Bilderberg groupe... Similar happens to France Germany, Spain and Greece...
I'm French with an Italian mother, and half my family in Italy. I don't see what the EU could really do to help Italy. Despite the rhetoric, the EU has never punished an EU country. If the Italian government wants to run a crazy deficit, it can. How will that help Italy ? It will just make things worse. The bureaucracy and the widespread corruption and tax avoidance must be dealt with first. And I'm not talking about Italy becoming Germany or some northern country, of course that's not going to happen. But Italy should be able to become similar to France. I will watch the other videos now, I don't know if that is mentioned in them, but one consequence of the economic situation in Italy is that Italians don't make children. Not less children, but almost literally no children. I have cousins my age there, all of them are single children, none of them have children. In France, I have less uncles/aunts, yet I have more cousins, and tons of little cousins. It's night and day.
@@michaelm-bs2er I don't know. The 5 stelle movement/party started on the idea of fighting corruption, then it became something else entirely. And the one high end project they fought against was the refurbishment of the Genoa bridge that ended up in a disaster (I drove quite a few times on that bridge, including a couple weeks before it came down...). What I find surprising from a French perspective is that Italians are a close people to the French, yet the Italians don't seem to fight their government vehemently, no mass protests, it's like they're completely disillusioned by politics.
@@aesma2522 Thanks for replying. I can't understand why the 5 star movement would want to block the refurbishment of a major bridge. And this is a big problem Italy. Alot of the infrastructure and buildings need to be maintained/upgraded. From my own personal experience Italians don't seem to have much faith in politicians and don't seem to feel that political activism will achieve much. Maybe there are historical reasons for that. So you don't see mass protests or things like that from the Italians like you would from the French. I think the French more openly discuss/debate politics (correct me if I'm wrong) whereas Italians tend to discuss only with trusted friends/family.
@2:40 Human Nature. That's why. It doesn't matter how beautiful a place is. It's genetics. Babylon was an amazing place at one time. @5:22 My point exactly. People are not dumb. Politicians with too much power are. @6:52 Artificial lending standards existed waaaay before 2008.
By the time this video was made the Italian government has already changed.... However many considerations are still valid and spot on. Italy is like a lawn taken over by weeds, the only way to fix it is to dig everything out, till and reseed. But how do you do that with a country today?
33:00 will the EU really bail out the italian banks if it comes to it? EU = german tax payer, and AFAIK they're increasingly grumbling about paying for other people's finances.
I believe, that you should get some information about how the EU and the euro works. Italy and other countries have their representatives in Brussels and other cities where the EU institutions are located.
@ 22:09/22:11/23:40 ... CORRECTION: there is indeed a president for 'a single currency used by many seemingly contrary States co-operating/participating': the United States of America! (...note that this project (the EU) was after all originally termed the "United States of Europe''). Also, @19:46 it warms my heart endlessly to hear you say: '...as an English Man etc.'
Yes, as long as they don't peg the value to a foreign currency, maintain efficient taxation, and only "print " what the economy can use. ie gradual inflation can be achieved by a steady increase in the money supply.
You get two people in the financial world trying to explain what happened to Italy WHEN it was forced to join the EU, and you're left with them talking about the historical riches of Italy. What a SHAME those two people were!!
Almost all members of the American government presidents included, they come punctually from the CFR, whose members and financiers coincide often precisely with those of the Bilderberg and the Trilateral, demonstrating that it is always linked together. The system is unique, the ideology is unique, the objective is unique, but the variations may be different, depending on the range of action. The See US foreign policy and thus influence the whole world, like this how the RIIA is the executive arm of the British monarchy in foreign policy. David Rockefeller and his dynasty are the common denominator of all these parallel organisms.
Sounds like Holy Roman Empire politics and I mean the good stuff before the Habsburgs came in. The Franks and then later the Germans were always trying to hold Italy. Otto the Great of the Ottonian Dynasty, Frederick Barbarossa of the Hohenstaufen, etc., and many Italio-Bavarian Frankish noble families like the House of Welf which was divided among Welf who got Bavaria and later Saxony, and his little brother Fulco who would be the Dukes of Milan...interestingly, The House of Welf is related to the modern British Thrown through the Hanoverians of Brunswick. It's like modern Italy is in the old battled of Guelfs and Ghillberines (I didn't spell that last one right).
If this is an issue for the Euro how is the monetary problem also not an issue within the United States? Growth varies greatly by state, and is fuelling similar populism. I guess on a more concentrated level, the same dynamic is playing out between cities and the country.
The documentary has mentioned a lot as they have regional identity problems too. Different parts of Italy already had their strong local culture and identity before the establishment of Italy. Yet, US is always seen as a immigration country that people are not united by (same) race or culture but values of liberty, equality, etc.
Its rather weird that states manipulate the economy and currency. they meddle with things they should not. funny to see that people think this practice is advisable.
Great video, i loved it. I'm from Italy, right from just outside Florence. My family has always have been involved in financials from generations and, they all agree on pretty much what you both said. However, for some aspects that EU has brought us also several advantages. In fact I'm pro-eu for some reasons: Europe has not ever been in peace for so much time, we all have possibilities to travel, to study, to work and to live around Europe without limitations. The economic difficulties were in place for internal reasons since the '80 and it's worse now also for problems inside Italy like corruption, tax evasion, lack of innovation and general ignorance
1. La "pace" (se si escludono le tensioni della guerra fredda) l'hanno garantita gli Stati Uniti e la NATO, non l'UE. 2. Perchè prima dell'UE non si poteva uscire dai confini? fammi capire. Va bene, ad oggi c'è meno burocrazia per spostarsi, e qualche cazzatina come contentino tipo l'Erasmus, ma se non fossimo dentro l'Unione Europea e l'Italia potesse avviare dei piani di rilancio autonomamente, non ci sarebbe neanche bisogno di andare a studiare e lavorare all'estero. 3. Le difficoltà economiche di cui parli non esistevano negli anni '80, non nell'economia reale. L'Italia è stata per diverso tempo la quarta economia globale, a cavallo tra la fine degli anni '80 e l'inizio dei '90. Rispetto a quella tedesca, la manodopera italiana era maggiormente retribuita, tanto per avere un'idea. I problemi sono iniziati quando siamo entrati nel regime di cambio fisso. 4. Gli ultimi tre elementi cui citi non presentano nessuna correlazione con l'andamento di un'economia. La corruzione è dilagante anche in paesi che vanno meglio di noi, a partire dai cugini d'oltralpe. Siemens, Volkswagen, Deutsche Bank non accendono nessun campanellino? L'evasione fiscale porta semplicemente ad un ridotto controllo dello Stato nella redistribuzione del denaro pubblico, non ad una contrazione dell'economia reale. Quella è prodotta dall'elusione, ahimè ad oggi a norma di legge, perpetrata dai colossi multinazionali, non da Beppe l'elettricista che ti scala 20 euro se non gli chiedi la fattura. Sul terzo punto neanche rispondo, che cavolo c'entra l'ignoranza? Ignoranza di cosa? Boh, messa là proprio a caso.
To blame Brussels for Italian bureaucracy is not justified. Brussels is obviously not the reason for the differences between the Northern and the Southern European economies within the EU and the eurozone. Italy shouldn't have entered the Euro system because the Italian fiscal and political mentality does not fit into this system. Italy is mentally, socially and politically unable to conduct necessary political and economical reforms in time, so it needs a currency which can devalue from time to time like the Lira. Italy wanted to have the Euro but does not want (respectively is not able) to respect common eurozone rules. That is not the fault of Brussels but the fault of Rome.
But they didn't blame Brussels for Italy's beaurocracy. They said that that was an Italian problem. What they are saying is that there are other big problems caused by Brussels.
Hi, it was interesting, but Florence wasn't an independent Republic all the way to the 18th Century. The Republic of Florence was crushed by the Medici, the Pope and the Spanish troops in the beginning of the 16th Century. After that they created the Duchy of Tuscany, which was made Grand Duchy of Tuscany by Charles V upon the conquest of Siena and the final defeat of the pro-French Strozzi. The Grand Duchy included all the cities of today's Tuscany unless Lucca, that remained an independent state up until the 1840's.
Yes.., the main event is the" battle of scannagallo" close to my house almost 10 km, after 5 years Siena surrender to Florence and become the granduchy of Tuscany,.. But the imperial army lost also many battles at chiusi for example , was one of the most important and others success gaining back some of the most strategic castles in val di chiana.the main problems was the French help that arrive late, and also someone said that one of the Piero strozzi french officer betray him and his army.
Just a question. The Medici participated in crushing the republic of Florence? Why would they do that? Wouldn't they want Florence to remain independent from the Holy Roman Empire?
@@michaelm-bs2er Because they weren't ruling the city, they were exiled after the arrival of Charles IV of France and the Savonarola coup. The Pope that acted against the Republic of Florence was a Medici. Florence, as all the other central and northern italian cities, was independent and sovereign since 1160. They knew they couldn't keep the farce of the Republic with them as lords, so they went straight to the closest thing to a kingdom: a duchy.
Italy puts the minibot in place. Italy defaults {converts to zero percent perpetuals} on its state borrowing [the debts are far bigger and include pensions]. Italy then recapitalizes its banks with minibots. The ECB, Bundesbank are bankrupted. Game over for the Euro. Italy has the power if it wants to use it.
I don't think they love anything, but perhaps their own image... For the most part they can't make heads or tails of how and why the world is structured the way it is. They have no real appreciation of history, which isn't so much their fault but a feature of this now crumbling system.
@what logic like a steel trap! The answer to your first question is implicit; contained in the question...? In a word- context. Without context understanding can't be formed...its just information. Your last point is only half right. The world is structured by people with power... built upon layers upon layers of legal/ monetary/ institutional/ etc. heritage of societal structures (of power)... if you don't understand how much history affects your everyday then you have served example of my first post perfectly; we forget our history at our peril. You don't seem to have any need for a historical context- maybe you consider it irrelevant? PS. In the 'western' democracies ultimate power and legitimacy resides in the 'people', even if they choose to surrender it in ignorance. All the BS in the british parliament of late has all been about trying to subvert exactly that legitimacy...
I'm young (30) and a libertarian. Less government, more liberty. I don't need nor do I want to be told how to run my life. So long as I abide by some basic principles that don't infringe upon the lives of others I feel that I know precisely how I should be and why I feel that way. It feels like many people simply want to be told what to believe, they yearn for it. Those people aren't free and those people usher in bloated, unsustainable governments.
He mentioned Italy currently has interest rates of around 4% (22:54), while Germanys are at around 0. How is that possible, aren't the interest rates for credits from the ECB fixed for the whole of the EU?
Almost all members of the American government presidents included, they come punctually from the CFR, whose members and financiers coincide often precisely with those of the Bilderberg and the Trilateral, demonstrating that it is always linked together. The system is unique, the ideology is unique, the objective is unique, but the variations may be different, depending on the range of action. The See US foreign policy and thus influence the whole world, like this how the RIIA is the executive arm of the British monarchy in foreign policy. David Rockefeller and his dynasty are the common denominator of all these parallel organisms.
Despite the CFR it plays an important role in decision making taken by the Government, it remains unknown to many citizens and this is because in the list of its members there are the leaders of all the major American media: of the New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Wall Street Journal, of NBC, CBS, ABC, FOX, Time, Fortune, of Business Week, by U.S. News and World Report and many other major ones newspapers. One of the best kept secrets concerns the agreement with which a group of large companies multinationals, all belonging to the Bilderberg, the Trilateral or the CFR, controls the global flow of information, deciding what we see in television, listen to the radio, read in magazines, on books or on the internet. The veracity of all this the reader finds it finding himself for the first time struggling with this information. Testifying before the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs on CFR member James Warbung said: "Whether we like it or not, we will have a world government. The only question that arises is to know if this world government will be established with consent or by force ".
I dissagree, the EU is a fantasy, Germany's problems and interest are not Italy's, Europe doesn't share the same culture, the same ideas, the same interest, the same weaknesses, they shouldn't share the same currency since they don't share the same deflation, unemployment, inmigration, you can't use the same interest rates for all members. It's a flaw that has already failed, its just a matter of time to be officially announced. Nobody respects the limits and laws of the EU, everyone is breaking them, look at Poland.
Well, we have been waiting for the UK to leave for 3 years now. They don't see to be able to make up their mind. The real problem is that there are real advantages to be part of the club (free trade) as well as real costs (fee, EU bureaucracy). UK wants the advantages without the costs. This is not going to happen. So UK is between a rock and a hard place and cannot choose. The rest of the EU is just waiting.
@Tom H well, I am more than happy to see the UK go, it will be better for the EU in the long run. It's just that the short term cost is very high for everyone, and that is what spooks your MPs. They are not treacherous, I think. They are afraid.
The newly founded USA started as a confederacy and the states could not agree how to handle the war debt from fighting the English. Perhaps the EU members should renegotiate how the EU government should be organized.
Govern"ments" are a completely illegitimate form of human relations and diplomacy. I cannot find a single legitimate government on this planet can you?
Only halfway decent leaders for isolated periods. It's currently not possible with the way Carbon Based Units behave. However to have them fend for themselves as individuals is even worse for the same reason.
As an italian businessman in Milan I strongly disagree with a lot of things that were said in the first half of this video about national politics and economics. The EU part was a lot more accurate except blaming the Union problem on stupidity and not national politics. I believe that the only way out is through, meaning that the only way to solve EU's problems is to unite more until we form a country. I think that this will happen at some time but right now some non european countries are against it (mainly USA) and many politicians from wealthier countries want to avoid the inevitable wealth redistribution that would come out of a stronger union.
Quali saranno i vantaggi/benefici per gl'imprenditori italiani come te se l'UE si unisce in un solo paese? Quali sono gli ostacoli più difficile per te del sistema attuale?
As a greek person I would say keep your opinions for yourself , I lived through this wretched week of the referendum , all of greece did and noone wants to go back to it. Go and hug your brexit and leave greece be.
He said it may be odd to have identity in Britian. It's not, obviously, lots of independant movements in Scotland. There,s always been a strong independance movement as he well knows or he should just stick to italian history. Personally, im a scot but like being part of the uk so im not a indy whinger, i just dont luke ignorance where someone like him should know better.
Interesting video but the interest rate economics are way off. Outside a currency union interest rates are also high if the economy is weak. Look at Argentina, South Africa and Turkey. They have low interest rates because their economy is weak. No they don't.
How come he say unemployment in Germany is low at the same time half million Italian working in Germany not make any sense at all ..lie another will lie...
I always get nervous when someone in the business community talks about "de-regulation" because they never get specific. Let's loosely define "regulation" it's rules that prevent businesses from polluting the water, treat workers with humanity and dignity, not as slaves, make sure the quality of the food you buy is safe, the restaurants you eat in are hygienic, etc. Business people need to stop throwing around the word "regulation" and "deregulation" and get more specific when talking about implementing one and throwing out the other....BTW Lack of regulation caused the Great Depression of 1929 and De-regulation is what caused the Financial Crisis of 2007/2008..... Ironically enough it was the de-regulation of those very same regulations after the first crisis which caused the second.....
Wow Grant, that is an excellent and fascinating 1st episode. Really enjoyed the drone visuals in the beginning and the carpool karaoke scene which followed in the car, you guys should have sung money money money by ABBA.
Even France should have not joined the Euro. The French economy is suffering because the Euro us the wrong currency for them. Germany should leave the Euro.
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The quality of this broadcast is off the scale. I'm just not used to political discussions of this coherence because I'm used to the BBC with their dire, dumbed-down political coverage. Why is that Grant Williams can produce a calm, coherent, and informative broadcast, but the BBC (with all their resources - including MY licence fee) cannot?
BBC is too busy protecting paedophiles.
Because the objective of the BBC is to confuse viewers.
They call it programming for a reason.
BBC is deep state
@Philip Alexander Yes, true, but more than that. These guys have already made their money and, while I am sure they want to see RV a commercial success, they are also motivated by wishing to give something back. That is a rare quality nowadays. The BBC, by comparison, is fundamentally a control mechanism for the masses - ie the very opposite goal.
You guys at Real Vision Finance make some of the most relevant (and classy) content on TH-cam these days. Great job and much thanks.
*NOTE*
This is the first episode of a three-part series. The second episode will be released at 5PM EDT tomorrow, 9/6, and the third episode will be released at noon EDT on Saturday, 9/7. Watch the whole series in order here: th-cam.com/play/PL2-78gs9nRfOlCVUxOGx5JTCn3tF0CmkN.html
Great video.
History. Much underrated and represents a void for most. Extrapolating from a place of ignorance has always ensured an upset/ surprise. Regardless of whether you are for or against, the nation state is set for a come-back and supranationalism is now in a decline with regard to legitimacy. You hit the nail on the head with 'empire'. The inflexible, unassailable EU can't last. It will be brought down in flames in the end. Conflict arises out of the arrogance of Brussels. The refusal of the EC to acknowledge the need for compromise is the beginning and end of it. they wear 'democracy' like a cloak of subterfuge. We can see through it now. Great episode guys.
by far one of the best if not the best i have ever watched and wanted to listen throughout without any distraction covering all angles and incorporating the historical facts, i hope these guys go on to produce more of these videos
This format is taking Real Vision to the next level. Well done guys, very well done.
Fascinating conversation. Extremely well made as well. Thanks!
with the Bardi’s banksters learned their big lesson. Never lend to a king you dont own.
Taken as a whole, the series of Real Vision Finance youtube presentations, are the most intelligent forum for ideas presented online. Each segment is a joy of clarity and comprehension. Bravo.
Incredible insights into historical reasons as to why Italy is unable to realise its potential. I found myself agreeing with everything.
I found this interesting but it was not about Italy's broken banking system at all. I would like to know about the history of that.
Great episode, love it, can't wait for next. Thanks!
ERRATA: Torino (Turin) was the first capital of Italy
Yeah plus italy was officially united on the 17th of march 1861, not that it changes much
Most of what he says is _superficial_ .
Like the EU Blake, it is really nonsense, if a politician make an hard choice to join the club the fault is his
ERRATUM!
I'm Italian and there are several mistakes in this video:
1) In the previous election (the one which has made the league and 5 star into the governing parties) the main theme has been the immigrant from Africa and the euro/EU where somewhat of a minor theme: while the popularity of the 5 star might be in large part thanks to some anger against the EU (5 star is also popular because of the perceived corruption of the politicians and the whole burocracy), the popularity of the league (which the pools give as the first party in Italy) is in great part due to the easy solution that Salvini (the league leader's) proposed during the campaign.
2) Italy's economic problem have root in the '80. During that period the government were spending ludicrous amount of money which now have to be repaid, we have one of the highest public debt to GDP ratio in Europe and our economy has seen no growth for a long time. One year ago the EU allowed the Italian government for a 2.04% deficit; these money have been spent on three major things: (I'm not sure how to properly translate them in English without distorting the meaning so I won't), they are called "quota 100" which allows for early retirement, " reddito di cittadinanza (this translates literally to Universal basic income but it's not, is not universal but depends on the family income)" which is giving money to the unemployed while finding them another job (the part about finding job has yet to be properly implemented, for now we have only given money to the unemployed) and a "flat tax" for income below a certain threshold. Of these three the first two were supposed to have an amazing effect on our economy, they were sold by our politician (to both the citizens and the EU) as a way of restarting the growth of our economy. Guess what? No growth whatsoever thanks to these but still more debt which, unless the new government (oh yes, another government after a little bit over one year from the election; we had 18 government in the last 20 years) finds the money to repay (it's a bit more complicated than this, it involves a safety net with the EU which being the bad guy they are don't want us going into bankruptcy but whatever) will mean an increase of the tax on goods and services which will shrink our economy even more.
3) Italy by adopting the euro and having a stable currency has saved something around 200 billion euro in interest on our national debt. The incapacity of our politician to make something out of this is ours and ours only.
Ad 3. Only countries that benefit from euro are Germany and Holland. If there wasnt euro- Italys currency shouldnt be stable. It should drop value.
Very interesting. One minor point - Turin was the first capital of United Italy in 1861.
Also he said Parthenon instead of Pantheon
This has to be my favorite Real Vision video yet. Learning about the history of finance and how it impacts our world today is top-notch stuff. More of this style of content please!
All money became a belief system when precious metals were withdrawn from the coinage.
Correct. Once you separate scarcity and effort (mining, separating, refining) from money it becomes currency, which often becomes highly speculative and far removed from its original intent.
@@macioluko9484 Something that is highly scarce, the volatility of its value is off the roof, not something you would want as a currency.
This is documentary level quality the content, the history even the cinematography is very well done (Italy being beautiful definitely helps with the last one) Real Vision I will watch every bit of content you make if it is this level of quality.
25:52 the only point were I got a bit distracted from this fascinating excursion and lost the thread of the conversation...
Yeah those long legs also caused my mind to go blank for a few seconds......
Wow - what an amazing show. As a finance person I need to visit Florence, Italy.....
The analysis on the Italian situation (and history) was just perfect.
And the photography was breathtaking! It really managed to capture the beauty of Italy.
Italian should be smart enough to think that after joining euro their economy is going down hill. Thanks for a fair conversation about ECC. Very informative.
6:23. He had a hard time mentioning the Jews. It’s ok to state facts. No need to be scared.
Those "facts" can get you ruined if mentioned.
Wow I'm pro European Union and usually the arguments against the Union are weak or racist but here we have a top level of discussion and points that actually make sense.
Great video, content not found on TV channels, thumbs up!
France has pushed Europe to use a central currency after the war, the German DM was becoming too powerful. They have helped get Italy aboard with GMS to cover up the books to make it happen, so that France was suddenly not the weakest anymore in the project. Your video states that this monetary project has not been done before but the USA has strong rich parts and poor parts, the rich pay for the poor. And this is what the rich countries in Europe are not willing to do, at least nobody has asked them where to go with this European project and if they are willing to become poorer. And worse is coming, now the rich countries like Germany are underestimating the change in car industry, their biggest economic driver, yes I know they have just released a full electric Porsche for 180000 or something, but we are losing on a world scale we cannot imagine yet. Our democracy is killing us now, look at how democratic the brits are and where it leads to, nowhere? Huge loss of time and resources which should be going into productive economic drivers. So indeed the European bureaucracy and supremacy is the biggest cause for its demise, and the borders of Europe are at the weakest countries. Rome 2.0.
Keep these flix coming, much appreciated.
Thank you for such an enlightening discussion regarding how Italian Finance and Politics fits into the European Union. My daughter lives in Rome and married to a Roman man. They have spoken about the Italian struggle of their financial position in the European Union, but I do not think they and many Italians fully understand the predicament they are in.
The irony of the European Union and a single currency is that the end result has become a sort of 'reverse reparations', with the poorer countries of Europe having to 'toe the debt line' of Germany. A system designed to reduce internal European possibilities of law might well lead to the next European conflict.
Where is the link to the full interview? I watched it in it’s entirety in the past and all of a sudden it cut out. Ir has RV locked it down into the paid subscription?
Italian Banking and Austrian Economics are the bane of the world!
Very informative! Thanks again Real Vision Finance and keep up the great work! best wishes from The Netherlands
Great video guys thanks. Spot on about Brusssels. Banking system in Europe on life support system.
I will tell you why the banking system is a mess, not only Italy but all over the world because bankers are not supposed to be in the lending business in fact bankers have never been in the lending business. Bank's role is limited only in converting the customer's asset backed promissory note into a means of exchange and then reversing this transaction. If the banks limited this role they wouldn't be in any mess. the second reason is that speculation must not be allowed, conclusion interest charges on non existent loans and speculation is the root cause of all economic misery. All debts are a fraud of epic proportion, therefore all so called debts must be repudiated and start again by issuing real loans and no interest charges and banks must be owned by all the people and not by the few parasites.
Does anyone know why the currency union prevents them getting lower interest rates? I have a feel for it but id love to know the answer in more precise terms.
it'd be interesting to see a video like this about Brazil - the always "country of the future". I think it has some similarities with Italy's saga
Capitalism may have self-correcting mechanism but when the environment in which capitalism is operating within is so artificial, so insanely managed those mechanism aren't allowed to work and thus we've fallen into this toxic debt wasteland where self-correction isn't seen as being an option. They will squeeze every last drop that they can before they throw the fruit to the ground to let it decompose and eventually bring about new life, Italy is simply caught in a complex mechanism of this debt-based monetary system.
All our latest Prime Minister: Mario Monti, P. Schioppa, Letta, Prodi, etc are unknown and unelected from italian vote but they took the power for many years and all of them comes from Bilderberg groupe... Similar happens to France Germany, Spain and Greece...
I'm French with an Italian mother, and half my family in Italy. I don't see what the EU could really do to help Italy. Despite the rhetoric, the EU has never punished an EU country. If the Italian government wants to run a crazy deficit, it can. How will that help Italy ? It will just make things worse. The bureaucracy and the widespread corruption and tax avoidance must be dealt with first. And I'm not talking about Italy becoming Germany or some northern country, of course that's not going to happen. But Italy should be able to become similar to France.
I will watch the other videos now, I don't know if that is mentioned in them, but one consequence of the economic situation in Italy is that Italians don't make children. Not less children, but almost literally no children. I have cousins my age there, all of them are single children, none of them have children. In France, I have less uncles/aunts, yet I have more cousins, and tons of little cousins. It's night and day.
What do you think is the reason French are able to have more children and at an younger age than rest of the EU?
Just curious. Do you think there are some things about the French system that would be beneficial to the Italians if they adopted them?
@@michaelm-bs2er I don't know. The 5 stelle movement/party started on the idea of fighting corruption, then it became something else entirely. And the one high end project they fought against was the refurbishment of the Genoa bridge that ended up in a disaster (I drove quite a few times on that bridge, including a couple weeks before it came down...).
What I find surprising from a French perspective is that Italians are a close people to the French, yet the Italians don't seem to fight their government vehemently, no mass protests, it's like they're completely disillusioned by politics.
@@aesma2522 Thanks for replying. I can't understand why the 5 star movement would want to block the refurbishment of a major bridge. And this is a big problem Italy. Alot of the infrastructure and buildings need to be maintained/upgraded.
From my own personal experience Italians don't seem to have much faith in politicians and don't seem to feel that political activism will achieve much. Maybe there are historical reasons for that. So you don't see mass protests or things like that from the Italians like you would from the French. I think the French more openly discuss/debate politics (correct me if I'm wrong) whereas Italians tend to discuss only with trusted friends/family.
@2:40 Human Nature. That's why.
It doesn't matter how beautiful a place is. It's genetics. Babylon was an amazing place at one time.
@5:22 My point exactly. People are not dumb. Politicians with too much power are.
@6:52 Artificial lending standards existed waaaay before 2008.
By the time this video was made the Italian government has already changed.... However many considerations are still valid and spot on.
Italy is like a lawn taken over by weeds, the only way to fix it is to dig everything out, till and reseed. But how do you do that with a country today?
How do you treat any other infestation of pests or a life threatening infection?
Thank you for your videos - love Real Vision.
26:00 yeah he saw them passing by
🤣👍
"Alright they're gone, back to finance"
Great legs
The Euro kept depressed by feckless countries is the best thing that ever happened to Germany! Great videos... Thanks
Educational and thought provoking.
33:00 will the EU really bail out the italian banks if it comes to it? EU = german tax payer, and AFAIK they're increasingly grumbling about paying for other people's finances.
I believe, that you should get some information about how the EU and the euro works. Italy and other countries have their representatives in Brussels and other cities where the EU institutions are located.
@ 22:09/22:11/23:40 ... CORRECTION: there is indeed a president for 'a single currency used by many seemingly contrary States co-operating/participating': the United States of America! (...note that this project (the EU) was after all originally termed the "United States of Europe''). Also, @19:46 it warms my heart endlessly to hear you say: '...as an English Man etc.'
Great revelation about how the European Union is not on an optimal path due to economic infidelity.
Wow, great video and great discussion, very informative. Thanks for posting. Greetings from Poland.
Just get out of the EU and print Lira asap
Great way to go hyperinflation.
Yes, as long as they don't peg the value to a foreign currency, maintain efficient taxation, and only "print " what the economy can use. ie gradual inflation can be achieved by a steady increase in the money supply.
You get two people in the financial world trying to explain what happened to Italy WHEN it was forced to join the EU, and you're left with them talking about the historical riches of Italy. What a SHAME those two people were!!
Almost all members of the American government presidents included,
they come punctually from the CFR, whose members and financiers coincide
often precisely with those of the Bilderberg and the Trilateral, demonstrating that it is
always linked together. The system is unique, the ideology is unique, the objective is
unique, but the variations may be different, depending on the range of action. The
See US foreign policy and thus influence the whole world, like this
how the RIIA is the executive arm of the British monarchy in foreign policy.
David Rockefeller and his dynasty are the common denominator of all these
parallel organisms.
Sounds like Holy Roman Empire politics and I mean the good stuff before the Habsburgs came in. The Franks and then later the Germans were always trying to hold Italy. Otto the Great of the Ottonian Dynasty, Frederick Barbarossa of the Hohenstaufen, etc., and many Italio-Bavarian Frankish noble families like the House of Welf which was divided among Welf who got Bavaria and later Saxony, and his little brother Fulco who would be the Dukes of Milan...interestingly, The House of Welf is related to the modern British Thrown through the Hanoverians of Brunswick. It's like modern Italy is in the old battled of Guelfs and Ghillberines (I didn't spell that last one right).
You know your history pretty well.
When you say "before the Hapsburgs came in" what was that the Hapsburgs did that changed things for worse?
If this is an issue for the Euro how is the monetary problem also not an issue within the United States? Growth varies greatly by state, and is fuelling similar populism. I guess on a more concentrated level, the same dynamic is playing out between cities and the country.
The documentary has mentioned a lot as they have regional identity problems too. Different parts of Italy already had their strong local culture and identity before the establishment of Italy.
Yet, US is always seen as a immigration country that people are not united by (same) race or culture but values of liberty, equality, etc.
Can one imagine what it’ll be like after a few months with Legarde in charge of the purse strings?
Very Insightful!. Thanks for sharing the knowledge.
Brussels is not a straw man to hate, it is a undemocratic beuraucracy to despise and fight.
Its rather weird that states manipulate the economy and currency. they meddle with things they should not. funny to see that people think this practice is advisable.
who wouldn't want to retire to Tuscany?
Great video, i loved it.
I'm from Italy, right from just outside Florence. My family has always have been involved in financials from generations and, they all agree on pretty much what you both said. However, for some aspects that EU has brought us also several advantages. In fact I'm pro-eu for some reasons: Europe has not ever been in peace for so much time, we all have possibilities to travel, to study, to work and to live around Europe without limitations. The economic difficulties were in place for internal reasons since the '80 and it's worse now also for problems inside Italy like corruption, tax evasion, lack of innovation and general ignorance
1. La "pace" (se si escludono le tensioni della guerra fredda) l'hanno garantita gli Stati Uniti e la NATO, non l'UE.
2. Perchè prima dell'UE non si poteva uscire dai confini? fammi capire. Va bene, ad oggi c'è meno burocrazia per spostarsi, e qualche cazzatina come contentino tipo l'Erasmus, ma se non fossimo dentro l'Unione Europea e l'Italia potesse avviare dei piani di rilancio autonomamente, non ci sarebbe neanche bisogno di andare a studiare e lavorare all'estero.
3. Le difficoltà economiche di cui parli non esistevano negli anni '80, non nell'economia reale. L'Italia è stata per diverso tempo la quarta economia globale, a cavallo tra la fine degli anni '80 e l'inizio dei '90. Rispetto a quella tedesca, la manodopera italiana era maggiormente retribuita, tanto per avere un'idea. I problemi sono iniziati quando siamo entrati nel regime di cambio fisso.
4. Gli ultimi tre elementi cui citi non presentano nessuna correlazione con l'andamento di un'economia. La corruzione è dilagante anche in paesi che vanno meglio di noi, a partire dai cugini d'oltralpe. Siemens, Volkswagen, Deutsche Bank non accendono nessun campanellino? L'evasione fiscale porta semplicemente ad un ridotto controllo dello Stato nella redistribuzione del denaro pubblico, non ad una contrazione dell'economia reale. Quella è prodotta dall'elusione, ahimè ad oggi a norma di legge, perpetrata dai colossi multinazionali, non da Beppe l'elettricista che ti scala 20 euro se non gli chiedi la fattura. Sul terzo punto neanche rispondo, che cavolo c'entra l'ignoranza? Ignoranza di cosa? Boh, messa là proprio a caso.
Mom said I was wasting my time playing video games. Thank you Asassin's Creed II for better understanding Italian history.
great work!
To blame Brussels for Italian bureaucracy is not justified. Brussels is obviously not the reason for the differences between the Northern and the Southern European economies within the EU and the eurozone. Italy shouldn't have entered the Euro system because the Italian fiscal and political mentality does not fit into this system. Italy is mentally, socially and politically unable to conduct necessary political and economical reforms in time, so it needs a currency which can devalue from time to time like the Lira. Italy wanted to have the Euro but does not want (respectively is not able) to respect common eurozone rules. That is not the fault of Brussels but the fault of Rome.
But they didn't blame Brussels for Italy's beaurocracy. They said that that was an Italian problem.
What they are saying is that there are other big problems caused by Brussels.
Hi, it was interesting, but Florence wasn't an independent Republic all the way to the 18th Century. The Republic of Florence was crushed by the Medici, the Pope and the Spanish troops in the beginning of the 16th Century. After that they created the Duchy of Tuscany, which was made Grand Duchy of Tuscany by Charles V upon the conquest of Siena and the final defeat of the pro-French Strozzi. The Grand Duchy included all the cities of today's Tuscany unless Lucca, that remained an independent state up until the 1840's.
Yes.., the main event is the" battle of scannagallo" close to my house almost 10 km, after 5 years Siena surrender to Florence and become the granduchy of Tuscany,.. But the imperial army lost also many battles at chiusi for example , was one of the most important and others success gaining back some of the most strategic castles in val di chiana.the main problems was the French help that arrive late, and also someone said that one of the Piero strozzi french officer betray him and his army.
Just a question. The Medici participated in crushing the republic of Florence? Why would they do that? Wouldn't they want Florence to remain independent from the Holy Roman Empire?
@@michaelm-bs2er Because they weren't ruling the city, they were exiled after the arrival of Charles IV of France and the Savonarola coup. The Pope that acted against the Republic of Florence was a Medici. Florence, as all the other central and northern italian cities, was independent and sovereign since 1160. They knew they couldn't keep the farce of the Republic with them as lords, so they went straight to the closest thing to a kingdom: a duchy.
First capital was Turin!
Italy puts the minibot in place.
Italy defaults {converts to zero percent perpetuals} on its state borrowing [the debts are far bigger and include pensions].
Italy then recapitalizes its banks with minibots.
The ECB, Bundesbank are bankrupted.
Game over for the Euro.
Italy has the power if it wants to use it.
Silver dollar is the more reliable way to calculate the cost of purchases.
Florence was not the first capital of Italy. Turin it was
Verny nice content well linked to beautiful and wonderfully captured visual impressions
Looking forward to the next one =)
Young people love big government and no jobs.
I hate working, don't you ?
I don't think they love anything, but perhaps their own image... For the most part they can't make heads or tails of how and why the world is structured the way it is. They have no real appreciation of history, which isn't so much their fault but a feature of this now crumbling system.
@what logic like a steel trap! The answer to your first question is implicit; contained in the question...? In a word- context. Without context understanding can't be formed...its just information. Your last point is only half right. The world is structured by people with power... built upon layers upon layers of legal/ monetary/ institutional/ etc. heritage of societal structures (of power)... if you don't understand how much history affects your everyday then you have served example of my first post perfectly; we forget our history at our peril. You don't seem to have any need for a historical context- maybe you consider it irrelevant?
PS. In the 'western' democracies ultimate power and legitimacy resides in the 'people', even if they choose to surrender it in ignorance. All the BS in the british parliament of late has all been about trying to subvert exactly that legitimacy...
I'm young (30) and a libertarian. Less government, more liberty. I don't need nor do I want to be told how to run my life. So long as I abide by some basic principles that don't infringe upon the lives of others I feel that I know precisely how I should be and why I feel that way. It feels like many people simply want to be told what to believe, they yearn for it. Those people aren't free and those people usher in bloated, unsustainable governments.
Government Jobs*
In the UK you've got Scotland and Northern Ireland with their regional identity.
I wouldn't miss Scotland, let them go,
Liverpool too
He mentioned Italy currently has interest rates of around 4% (22:54), while Germanys are at around 0. How is that possible, aren't the interest rates for credits from the ECB fixed for the whole of the EU?
All is risk management. Your credit card interest rate is bigger than Mr. Soros
This is the most accurate analysis made by non italians i ever heard. Subscribed.
Almost all members of the American government presidents included,
they come punctually from the CFR, whose members and financiers coincide
often precisely with those of the Bilderberg and the Trilateral, demonstrating that it is
always linked together. The system is unique, the ideology is unique, the objective is
unique, but the variations may be different, depending on the range of action. The
See US foreign policy and thus influence the whole world, like this
how the RIIA is the executive arm of the British monarchy in foreign policy.
David Rockefeller and his dynasty are the common denominator of all these
parallel organisms.
Despite the CFR it plays an important role in decision making taken by the Government, it remains unknown to many citizens and this is because in the list of its members there are the leaders of all the major American media: of the New York Times, Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, Wall Street Journal, of NBC, CBS, ABC, FOX, Time, Fortune, of
Business Week, by U.S. News and World Report and many other major ones
newspapers.
One of the best kept secrets concerns the agreement with which a group of large companies multinationals, all belonging to the Bilderberg, the Trilateral or the CFR, controls the global flow of information, deciding what we see in television, listen to the radio, read in magazines, on books or on the internet.
The veracity of all this the reader finds it finding himself for the first time struggling with this information.
Testifying before the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs on CFR member James Warbung said:
"Whether we like it or not, we will have a world government. The only question that arises is to know if this world government will be established with
consent or by force ".
Europe is gone!!
Love Italy!
EU is such a great club, they have to prevent members from leaving at all cost.
I dissagree, the EU is a fantasy, Germany's problems and interest are not Italy's, Europe doesn't share the same culture, the same ideas, the same interest, the same weaknesses, they shouldn't share the same currency since they don't share the same deflation, unemployment, inmigration, you can't use the same interest rates for all members. It's a flaw that has already failed, its just a matter of time to be officially announced. Nobody respects the limits and laws of the EU, everyone is breaking them, look at Poland.
End the EU.
Well, we have been waiting for the UK to leave for 3 years now. They don't see to be able to make up their mind. The real problem is that there are real advantages to be part of the club (free trade) as well as real costs (fee, EU bureaucracy). UK wants the advantages without the costs. This is not going to happen. So UK is between a rock and a hard place and cannot choose. The rest of the EU is just waiting.
That's a cult, similar to Muslim cult
@Tom H well, I am more than happy to see the UK go, it will be better for the EU in the long run. It's just that the short term cost is very high for everyone, and that is what spooks your MPs. They are not treacherous, I think. They are afraid.
But, but, .... it is different this time. Isn't it? Wait..... What?...
The newly founded USA started as a confederacy and the states could not agree how to handle the war debt from fighting the English. Perhaps the EU members should renegotiate how the EU government should be organized.
Govern"ments" are a completely illegitimate form of human relations and diplomacy. I cannot find a single legitimate government on this planet can you?
Only halfway decent leaders for isolated periods. It's currently not possible with the way Carbon Based Units behave. However to have them fend for themselves as individuals is even worse for the same reason.
@@TobeornottooB I almost agree but what's the alternative?
@@michaelm-bs2er The alternative to slavery( govern-mint) is decentralization and voluntary"ism. "
Germany can tax loans. 4% extra on each Euro borrowed
Is that an additional 4% annually or a one time 4% origination tax?
@@tedcarl5382 What ever it wants. It won't work.
just marvelous.
As an italian businessman in Milan I strongly disagree with a lot of things that were said in the first half of this video about national politics and economics. The EU part was a lot more accurate except blaming the Union problem on stupidity and not national politics. I believe that the only way out is through, meaning that the only way to solve EU's problems is to unite more until we form a country. I think that this will happen at some time but right now some non european countries are against it (mainly USA) and many politicians from wealthier countries want to avoid the inevitable wealth redistribution that would come out of a stronger union.
Quali saranno i vantaggi/benefici per gl'imprenditori italiani come te se l'UE si unisce in un solo paese?
Quali sono gli ostacoli più difficile per te del sistema attuale?
Alexis Tsipras stabbed Greek people in the back --- he should have left the EU, but he didn't.
As a greek person I would say keep your opinions for yourself , I lived through this wretched week of the referendum , all of greece did and noone wants to go back to it. Go and hug your brexit and leave greece be.
*^£^$ the BBC. Real Vision gives the real deal!
Excellent content and production!
Great, just great.
Orchestra mandolinistica di Lugano - Nicola Piovani, La vita è bella
He said it may be odd to have identity in Britian. It's not, obviously, lots of independant movements in Scotland. There,s always been a strong independance movement as he well knows or he should just stick to italian history. Personally, im a scot but like being part of the uk so im not a indy whinger, i just dont luke ignorance where someone like him should know better.
Very Interesting.
Steven Paul Zehler
Trenton, New Jersey USA
Please upload the Albert Edwards interview.
Interesting video but the interest rate economics are way off. Outside a currency union interest rates are also high if the economy is weak. Look at Argentina, South Africa and Turkey. They have low interest rates because their economy is weak. No they don't.
'....as an Englishman, I understand the desire to get out of Europe...' Not a Briton then?
How come he say unemployment in Germany is low at the same time half million Italian working in Germany not make any sense at all ..lie another will lie...
Italy created banks as we know it by the way.
I always get nervous when someone in the business community talks about "de-regulation" because they never get specific. Let's loosely define "regulation" it's rules that prevent businesses from polluting the water, treat workers with humanity and dignity, not as slaves, make sure the quality of the food you buy is safe, the restaurants you eat in are hygienic, etc. Business people need to stop throwing around the word "regulation" and "deregulation" and get more specific when talking about implementing one and throwing out the other....BTW Lack of regulation caused the Great Depression of 1929 and De-regulation is what caused the Financial Crisis of 2007/2008..... Ironically enough it was the de-regulation of those very same regulations after the first crisis which caused the second.....
This is amazing content!
Wow Grant, that is an excellent and fascinating 1st episode. Really enjoyed the drone visuals in the beginning and the carpool karaoke scene which followed in the car, you guys should have sung money money money by ABBA.
Italian youngsters rise up and fight the EU bullies, you gang up you all can do it.
Fascinating discussion. Thank you.
Maybe should see history back,why Europe go to other country (American)long time ago...to find better life ... better pay... just opinion
Even France should have not joined the Euro. The French economy is suffering because the Euro us the wrong currency for them. Germany should leave the Euro.
Germany economy is worse than ours!!! 😱