To think that humans have been wandering through the long lost forests, generations after generations migrating with the flow of now-lost rivers, giving them names long forgotten, telling stories no one would now remember... except for one, except the Tale of the Flood.
For over 60.000 continuous years all the largest islands were connected with Malay peninsula. Its incredible to think how quick this changed, only a few thousand years
Yeah literally when he marks the meltwater pulse around 12,500 years ago and then by 9,000 pretty much the entire landmass has broken up into the islands we know today...
@@chibullz0232 And it is speculated that during this time was when the people there learned to build ships. Historical writings (that should be in the mainstream consciousness more) have stated that some of the best shipbuilders in ancient times were from here, and this shipbuilding and maritime prowess enabled them to migrate and conquer the Southern Pacific and even reached Hawaii. Some went west and landed on Madagascar and the Seychelles.
Hi, I'm from Indonesia and I really appreciate your work on this. I've never truly comprehend how the Sundaland had been before watching this video. This video is very nice and comprehensive, you even put the genetic population map and Toba super eruption too. The music choice is also the cherry on top, really brings up Sundanese vibes :) Keep up on your good works, really appreciate it. Hope more people from my country also find this video
It's fascinating that we don't just see the geographical history of this place but also part of the history of humanity. I simply loved watching this--far too many people don't know that the Sundaland used to be a lot of "land" and became another cradle of humanity. mDNA analysis has shown that the descendants of the people living here now can trace back their lineage to at least 63,000 years (by comparison, peoples of modern China and India can only trace back their lineages much sooner than that). By the way, the South China Sea was only called that in recent history (actually by the French when they colonized Indochina). The original name of the sea (which was land, as we can see) was the Champa Sea.
Good work you did here. The Austronesian expansion probably happened just after the great marine floods. It's fascinating to realize this area had been sunken and raised again so many times in the past.
Hmm. As a sundanese myself. I was quite suprise when hear the music using our very own local language. Even though the song title was bali remix (bali local language very different with sundanese). Anyway. Great video👍👍. Watch the dinosaur impactors before this one. You have a great channel
The first civilization ,I assume is Nusantara/nusa=place,antara=between, what we call as Sundaland.Disasters( the explosion of Toba volcano), brought human to the west, And from the west ....for thousands years rerouted to the east, to their homeland of The Sundaland. History will prevail someday I guess
Could you make a video showing the Middle East in the last Ice Ages? Showing the rivers and lakes that no longer exist in Arabia, the type of biome and the ice caps in the Taurus Mountains, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon ranges and Zagros Mountains?
Tiny, inconsequential nitpick: it seems the map has combined the Pahang and Muar rivers on the Malay Peninsula into a single river, however in real life the Pahang empties into the South China Sea while the Muar empties into the Strait of Malacca. If the rivers were generated algorithmically it'd be unsurprising that this happens, since these two rivers do have tributaries that get very close to each other, less than a kilometer apart. (This is what made the _Penarikan_ route possible, which allows water vessels back in the olden days to travel across the peninsula instead of going round it.)
To everyone who is about to complain about climate change: In the modern era, we are not only dealing with the effects of our CO2 emissions, but also habitat fragmentation and destruction which puts extra pressure on species. Pretty sure they didn't have industrial scale deforestation back in the days of Sundaland, but we sure as hell do now on Borneo.
Great content! I would love to see how South American climate zones have been changing during the last 20 thousand years. I would love to see if subtropical low altitute climate may have been more extended in the southern lowlands of Bolivia.
My male direct line Ydna haplogroup is P* 44,300 ybp and female direct line Mtdna is M7c1c3 15,800 ybp PHILIPPINES and they LIVED in this timeframe in the Central Visayas area! Whatever extreme weather and climate they had to endure they Survived and here I and my siblings are in 2021.
Thats a great one! C2 haplogroup here from Aotearoa "New Zealand" . Thank you, it confirms alot for culture, it may mean we have been out here for a very very long time. If we were the first peoples to come through south east Asia 🔥🔥 It also aligns with Graham Hancock's theory for a comet hitting 12000 years ago, does it?
@@Kaldisti oh yea sorry, a meteorite, but you already knew that from the nuclear glass right. Are you able to help me with the dna from South east Asia please bro 🙏🏽🙏🏽
The modern Global warming is a fluffy cute climate change compared to what happened at the end of the Ice Age :p The main difference is high population density along coastal areas
Yes but actually no, look at the timescales. These levels of sea level change happened over hundreds to thousands of years. Considering that we could get to about a metre of sea level rise over a century is actually par for the course, and if the warming gets so severe that it causes the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets to collapse, we'd be looking at sea level rises of 6m for the former and 60m for the latter at a timescale measurably shorter than what we see in the video.
@@TheSpearkan You missed to look at the gauge ;) The current sea level rise is one of the slowest recorded over the last 150,000 years ago. 0.3 meters per century vs 4.2 meters per century 11,500 years ago (7:30), even during Roman period with 0.45 meters per century (8:39) Don't worry, the collapse of Greenland ice-sheet is not for tomorrow. With the modern ice-melting, the necessary time to melt the entire ice-sheet is about 9,000 years (270 gigatons per year). About Antarctic ice-sheet collapse, it would take 225,000 years to melt completely (118 gigatons per year). During the last deglaciation, the ice melting rate was 20 times higher than current rate, and it took 15,000 years to melt a volume equivalent to half Antarctic Ice-sheet ;)
You just wonder how coral reefs have survived so much sometimes fast changes in sea level change. Any idea how surface pressure would have changed and what influence this could have had.
The sea area around the island that shaped like the letter "K" with a crest, Philippines and the surrounding islands are the coral triangle of the world, a very diverse coral reef ecosystems until now.
@@DecodeUniverse Modern corals 'The currently ubiquitous stony corals, Scleractinia, appeared in the Middle Triassic to fill the niche vacated by the extinct rugose and tabulate orders.' wikipedia When the atmosphere was a lot warmer than today and CO2 levels much higher. And even where we today find the coral triangle sea level would have been nearly 120 m lower just 22 ky ago
Man that land bridge sure last for a long time. Curious to see what the ecology in that corridor (now sea), since I heard that the land there is like savanna is today.
because in ancient times many volcanoes erupted with large eruptions with a VEI eruption index of 7, such as Tengger, Ijen, Batur, Dieng, Maninjau, Sunda, etc. In prehistoric times, some of them could grow to more than 4000 meters (Kerinci 3,805m) and their condition was still During the Ice Age, it is certain that the mountain was covered by glaciers. And during the Ice Age, the topography in the volcanic zone often changed due to volcanic activity.
You assume well ;) About Indian, changes are less impressive, Sri Lanka was connected to the subcontinent, but that's all. You can see briefly during the intro, there is a worldmap with glacial emerged landmasses 0:03
@@KaldistiI came to know about milankovitch cycles from your vedios, also I would like to know how accurate are the graphics? Also i am curious to see if there are any islands south of India on equator around 14000 - 20000 years before present.
@@vinaybati4606 graphics in this video ? reference papers are in the description ;) Nothing is 100% accurate when you touch in paleoclimate sciences, but published dataset about sea-level variations are the best we can get for now. Actually the range analytic error about sea level does not exceed 1-2 meters. This is not problematic when we focus on periods when sea level was 120 meters lower, unlike recent period such as Middle Age
Imo i think the noah flood myth started 10000 years ago when the i think Bosporus strait was closed and the Black Sea was 150 meters lower than today but then As it opened up again water flooded in rising perhaps 10cm per hour
This diagram shows two routes that C took through here. But also a split in the bottom line. Maybe one of those go on to Beringia eventually and become C3. What I want to learn is where C left Africa. Some maps show they left Africa by the eastern tip. Maybe this group never went through the Middle East at all.
18.000 years To 15.000 BC, its about 3000 years, thats a long time enough to build any civilization there, with such of good climate and abundant of resources, water coming up might be the main reason for migration. If i live there at that time, maybe I never leave a fertile and warm place like that. Food for everyone haha
@@Kaldisti yes maybe, the point is survive and live, some people still live with a simple tools in rainforest at Indonesia nowdays, they not develope any advanced tools because they dont need it. Rainforest itself provide them tons of food, that enough for them to survive. So, if we talk about civilization that time, maybe it just a group people who live with a very simple way to survive.
@@jordanhe7509 no tropical and equatorial areas did not cool so much during glacial periods. The major forcing there were precipitations, which have been reduced by 50% during "cold" events
Ahhhh yes, The Fallen Years of the Great golden Sunda Empire age. Sad it's all fallen Nothing left. ( Edit : Sunda Empire it's actually the lost Part of the Atlantis Civilization).
all sources i've found (from wikipedia to published papers). different sources and different timing (but the same phylogeny). Then I chose the best timing compromise in order to fit with archeological evidences of Sunda / Australia settlement
Almost impossible to detect them. If corpses were not scattered by the sea level rise, the ground where early humans walked on has been buried under 10 - 100m of sediments, and you have to add the water depth. None survey device are able to find anything such small as a human body
It'd be a REALLY populated place tbh. Java is already a pretty fertile place and its river lengths are pathetic in comparison to the rivers of Sundaland.
To think that humans have been wandering through the long lost forests, generations after generations migrating with the flow of now-lost rivers, giving them names long forgotten, telling stories no one would now remember... except for one, except the Tale of the Flood.
For over 60.000 continuous years all the largest islands were connected with Malay peninsula. Its incredible to think how quick this changed, only a few thousand years
Yeah literally when he marks the meltwater pulse around 12,500 years ago and then by 9,000 pretty much the entire landmass has broken up into the islands we know today...
@@chibullz0232 And it is speculated that during this time was when the people there learned to build ships. Historical writings (that should be in the mainstream consciousness more) have stated that some of the best shipbuilders in ancient times were from here, and this shipbuilding and maritime prowess enabled them to migrate and conquer the Southern Pacific and even reached Hawaii. Some went west and landed on Madagascar and the Seychelles.
@Pedro Ortega Really? That's fascinating. They certainly get around!
@Pedro Ortega if that's the case, then I might be part Denisovan
@Pedro Ortega I'll check it out. Thanks!
imagine being a tiger stranded on one of the tiny islands as the sea level comes up
Tigers can swim short distances
@@a_m5115 ye but the size of submerged Sundaland is definitely NOT "short distances"
The timelapse in this video is 10 years each moment. Very enough time to run away.
@Kepler 186-F I flied.
MTDNA migrasi
th-cam.com/video/BTQd1RrL1sk/w-d-xo.html
Hi, I'm from Indonesia and I really appreciate your work on this. I've never truly comprehend how the Sundaland had been before watching this video. This video is very nice and comprehensive, you even put the genetic population map and Toba super eruption too. The music choice is also the cherry on top, really brings up Sundanese vibes :) Keep up on your good works, really appreciate it. Hope more people from my country also find this video
MTDNA migrasi
th-cam.com/video/BTQd1RrL1sk/w-d-xo.html
The great of sundaland
Slm Rahayu kang
Your channel is so interesting, but also underrated.
You deserve more subscribers and views, I say.
It's coming gradually ;)
@@Kaldisti this video proves that all asians living in southeast asian islands descended from asians in mainland asia
It's fascinating that we don't just see the geographical history of this place but also part of the history of humanity. I simply loved watching this--far too many people don't know that the Sundaland used to be a lot of "land" and became another cradle of humanity. mDNA analysis has shown that the descendants of the people living here now can trace back their lineage to at least 63,000 years (by comparison, peoples of modern China and India can only trace back their lineages much sooner than that).
By the way, the South China Sea was only called that in recent history (actually by the French when they colonized Indochina). The original name of the sea (which was land, as we can see) was the Champa Sea.
Can we return to calling it the Champa Sea?
@@mrbyzantine0528 We should, at least part of it. It can also be called the Sunda Plateau Sea.
Hai,saya dari Indonesia👋👋👋
That’s a pretty quick upload you got there.
Yup I ran the script while I made the video of the multiple impact event, to gain as much time as possible
Good work you did here. The Austronesian expansion probably happened just after the great marine floods.
It's fascinating to realize this area had been sunken and raised again so many times in the past.
I was literally trying to find a video of specifically this, so cool thank u
Hmm. As a sundanese myself. I was quite suprise when hear the music using our very own local language. Even though the song title was bali remix (bali local language very different with sundanese).
Anyway. Great video👍👍. Watch the dinosaur impactors before this one. You have a great channel
this language sounds lovely by the way ;)
The lyrics is from some Pupuh I believe??
@@Kaldisti thanks for including Sunda language on this video! Love you 💕
The first civilization ,I assume is Nusantara/nusa=place,antara=between, what we call as Sundaland.Disasters( the explosion of Toba volcano), brought human to the west, And from the west ....for thousands years rerouted to the east, to their homeland of The Sundaland. History will prevail someday I guess
Amazing video, every second is 100 years, its crazy how fast the sea level rised
Could you make a video showing the Middle East in the last Ice Ages? Showing the rivers and lakes that no longer exist in Arabia, the type of biome and the ice caps in the Taurus Mountains, Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon ranges and Zagros Mountains?
This had to fuck up shipping back then :)
Tiny, inconsequential nitpick: it seems the map has combined the Pahang and Muar rivers on the Malay Peninsula into a single river, however in real life the Pahang empties into the South China Sea while the Muar empties into the Strait of Malacca. If the rivers were generated algorithmically it'd be unsurprising that this happens, since these two rivers do have tributaries that get very close to each other, less than a kilometer apart. (This is what made the _Penarikan_ route possible, which allows water vessels back in the olden days to travel across the peninsula instead of going round it.)
thanks for this information. The river comes from open-source shapefile data, so I can't tell the accuracy level of this dataset.
Oh so cool I never even knew about this landmass being there, the more you know :)
To everyone who is about to complain about climate change: In the modern era, we are not only dealing with the effects of our CO2 emissions, but also habitat fragmentation and destruction which puts extra pressure on species. Pretty sure they didn't have industrial scale deforestation back in the days of Sundaland, but we sure as hell do now on Borneo.
Great content! I would love to see how South American climate zones have been changing during the last 20 thousand years. I would love to see if subtropical low altitute climate may have been more extended in the southern lowlands of Bolivia.
Love your vids man! Keep up the good work! This is really good content.
My male direct line Ydna haplogroup is P* 44,300 ybp and female direct line Mtdna is M7c1c3 15,800 ybp PHILIPPINES and they LIVED in this timeframe in the Central Visayas area!
Whatever extreme weather and climate they had to endure they Survived and here I and my siblings are in 2021.
Thats a great one! C2 haplogroup here from Aotearoa "New Zealand" .
Thank you, it confirms alot for culture, it may mean we have been out here for a very very long time. If we were the first peoples to come through south east Asia 🔥🔥
It also aligns with Graham Hancock's theory for a comet hitting 12000 years ago, does it?
A comet I don't think, I know the Hiawatha crater was made by a full iron meteorite
@@Kaldisti oh yea sorry, a meteorite, but you already knew that from the nuclear glass right. Are you able to help me with the dna from South east Asia please bro 🙏🏽🙏🏽
Great job! It seems that the modern rate of sea level rise is nothing compared to what happened at the beginning of the Holocene.
The modern Global warming is a fluffy cute climate change compared to what happened at the end of the Ice Age :p
The main difference is high population density along coastal areas
Yes but actually no, look at the timescales. These levels of sea level change happened over hundreds to thousands of years. Considering that we could get to about a metre of sea level rise over a century is actually par for the course, and if the warming gets so severe that it causes the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets to collapse, we'd be looking at sea level rises of 6m for the former and 60m for the latter at a timescale measurably shorter than what we see in the video.
@@TheSpearkan You missed to look at the gauge ;)
The current sea level rise is one of the slowest recorded over the last 150,000 years ago.
0.3 meters per century vs 4.2 meters per century 11,500 years ago (7:30), even during Roman period with 0.45 meters per century (8:39)
Don't worry, the collapse of Greenland ice-sheet is not for tomorrow. With the modern ice-melting, the necessary time to melt the entire ice-sheet is about 9,000 years (270 gigatons per year). About Antarctic ice-sheet collapse, it would take 225,000 years to melt completely (118 gigatons per year).
During the last deglaciation, the ice melting rate was 20 times higher than current rate, and it took 15,000 years to melt a volume equivalent to half Antarctic Ice-sheet ;)
The time when the inhabitants of Sentinel island (just off the frame near Myanmar - Thailand border) were coming to their current island
They come from Kumari Kandam
It's crazy to think about how much history is under the water
You just wonder how coral reefs have survived so much sometimes fast changes in sea level change. Any idea how surface pressure would have changed and what influence this could have had.
The sea area around the island that shaped like the letter "K" with a crest, Philippines and the surrounding islands are the coral triangle of the world, a very diverse coral reef ecosystems until now.
@@DecodeUniverse
Modern corals
'The currently ubiquitous stony corals, Scleractinia, appeared in the Middle Triassic to fill the niche vacated by the extinct rugose and tabulate orders.'
wikipedia
When the atmosphere was a lot warmer than today and CO2 levels much higher. And even where we today find the coral triangle sea level would have been nearly 120 m lower just 22 ky ago
This video and the channel is so underrated
Man that land bridge sure last for a long time. Curious to see what the ecology in that corridor (now sea), since I heard that the land there is like savanna is today.
This channel deserves more subcribes and likes. Maybe the lost world that mean Atlantis was from here
All the tiny islands on that sea were probably a huge mountain back then
Lah elu...
Sahul next?
It's planned yes :)
Woow! This need to be in every history class.
BTW: 7:30 - Greta the Great was born :D hastag ClimateChange :D
so that's why indonesia has so much islands?
mainly from subduction volcanism
because in ancient times many volcanoes erupted with large eruptions with a VEI eruption index of 7, such as Tengger, Ijen, Batur, Dieng, Maninjau, Sunda, etc. In prehistoric times, some of them could grow to more than 4000 meters (Kerinci 3,805m) and their condition was still During the Ice Age, it is certain that the mountain was covered by glaciers. And during the Ice Age, the topography in the volcanic zone often changed due to volcanic activity.
Awewena geulis pisan luwas liwes
Exactly what I was looking for! It may also be fun to do this with both Sahul (Australia/Papua) and Doggerland (European North Sea area)
Is this the real origins of the famous Sunda Empire?
You hav been making fabulous vedios,. I assume it is based on milankovitch cycles. I would like to see same animation for the Indian subcontinent.
You assume well ;)
About Indian, changes are less impressive, Sri Lanka was connected to the subcontinent, but that's all. You can see briefly during the intro, there is a worldmap with glacial emerged landmasses
0:03
@@KaldistiI came to know about milankovitch cycles from your vedios, also I would like to know how accurate are the graphics?
Also i am curious to see if there are any islands south of India on equator around 14000 - 20000 years before present.
@@vinaybati4606 graphics in this video ? reference papers are in the description ;)
Nothing is 100% accurate when you touch in paleoclimate sciences, but published dataset about sea-level variations are the best we can get for now. Actually the range analytic error about sea level does not exceed 1-2 meters. This is not problematic when we focus on periods when sea level was 120 meters lower, unlike recent period such as Middle Age
Imo i think the noah flood myth started 10000 years ago when the i think Bosporus strait was closed and the Black Sea was 150 meters lower than today but then As it opened up again water flooded in rising perhaps 10cm per hour
That was also due to the meltwater pulse.
Middle Eastern flood myths come from the flooding of the Persian Gulf, not the Black sea event
@@5000mahmud exactly.
Look like there are sea lake between Thailand and Malaysia peninsula
what's the deal with those straight bodies of water that appear in front of Sumatra? A mapping error or some fault?
Probably artefacts of bathymetry datasets, sadly common in this kind of data
Does that mean there's a possibility of human artifacts underwater?
indeed, as well as painted caves, settlements, etc.
Wow you could walk from Bandung to Berlin that Time
Also from Cape Town to Ushuaia :)
This diagram shows two routes that C took through here. But also a split in the bottom line. Maybe one of those go on to Beringia eventually and become C3. What I want to learn is where C left Africa. Some maps show they left Africa by the eastern tip. Maybe this group never went through the Middle East at all.
Comment a tu estimé le tracé des cours d'eau/fleuve à l'endroit ou il y a maintenant des mers et des océans ?
on voit toujours les anciennes vallées sur les données bathymétriques. Après j'ai trouvé des publications retraçant ces anciens réseaux
@@Kaldisti J'aurais appris un truc nouveau sur un domaine de la science et bien merci et gg pour le travail ^^
18.000 years To 15.000 BC, its about 3000 years, thats a long time enough to build any civilization there, with such of good climate and abundant of resources, water coming up might be the main reason for migration. If i live there at that time, maybe I never leave a fertile and warm place like that. Food for everyone haha
Let me doubt about it, Sundaland was dominated by equatorial rainforest, and no one had the right tools to open lands to make rice crop fields
@@Kaldisti yes maybe, the point is survive and live, some people still live with a simple tools in rainforest at Indonesia nowdays, they not develope any advanced tools because they dont need it. Rainforest itself provide them tons of food, that enough for them to survive. So, if we talk about civilization that time, maybe it just a group people who live with a very simple way to survive.
Please make more!
What's the average temperature of Sundaland during this period
Between 2 and 4 degrees below modern temperatures
@@Kaldisti huh it was warmer than I thought, I imagined it to be even colder haha
@@jordanhe7509 no tropical and equatorial areas did not cool so much during glacial periods. The major forcing there were precipitations, which have been reduced by 50% during "cold" events
@@Kaldisti ah thanks for your explanation
You could do a video like the chicxulub event in real time but whit the asteroid aphophis
Apophis is a little stone compared to Chicxulub x)
The released energy is equivalent to 3 times the Tsar Bomba
@@Kaldisti I do a video like yours about the apophis impact
this is the link th-cam.com/video/O6-VF56lPLM/w-d-xo.html
Why do some Maps show that giant lake and some don't?
some maps only decrease sea level and plot the result, without taking in account inner basins
Ahhhh yes, The Fallen Years of the Great golden Sunda Empire age. Sad it's all fallen Nothing left. ( Edit : Sunda Empire it's actually the lost Part of the Atlantis Civilization).
Awesome
How did you source the timing for the genetic haplogroups bro??
all sources i've found (from wikipedia to published papers). different sources and different timing (but the same phylogeny). Then I chose the best timing compromise in order to fit with archeological evidences of Sunda / Australia settlement
@@Kaldisti oh yup thats what I did too, did you cite it on there? I respect it bro, I do the same work, but you use better tech
@@medit8iv_native970 in the description I put Wikipedia page of each haplogroup. In these pages there are several papers links
@@Kaldisti MTDNA migrasi
th-cam.com/video/BTQd1RrL1sk/w-d-xo.html
I heard they moved it next to Newcastle
Do you still have the original image for the channel banner?
of course : ibb.co/b75Lm2w
Remember me as you 3.05 k subscriber
You made this mistake in various videos, "actual" does not mean "as of today" like in romance languages. It's said "current"
great video ;)
thanks, next time I'll write "modern day" :p
Could we find the corpse which was buried down under these lands
Almost impossible to detect them. If corpses were not scattered by the sea level rise, the ground where early humans walked on has been buried under 10 - 100m of sediments, and you have to add the water depth. None survey device are able to find anything such small as a human body
12,500 BC - younger dryas
Our world seems so cyclical, all that knowledge and history long lost...
This is cool. Can you many so iceland?
It's cool indeed. Imagine the lost peoples, places, tales long gone in the waves...
ísland was beneath the ice, I have to get first some data about ice-sheet extent during the last 120,000 years
Beautiful song...sundaland..😁
7:30 - gas Gas GAS!!!
So there was a lake... interesting.
Don't worry gents, I found it just outside Newcastle.
i heard pupuh balakbak 😅
Sir bakit hindi kasama ang Sulawesi eh parti pa ng sundaland hangang pilipinas pa pinaka dulo nya
Sulawesi has never been connected to Sundaland x)
At kapag binaligtad mo ng patayo ang hitsura nya trojan horse
that's my country. Thank you
Make a video of ice age of South America.
This make China's 9 dash line claim invalid. 😂
I will watch this on 2× speed
WAIT everyone i think there à problem the gulf of thailand is still here
this area is lower than surrounding lands, so it was probably a former lake
What if Sundaland still exists today
It'd be a REALLY populated place tbh. Java is already a pretty fertile place and its river lengths are pathetic in comparison to the rivers of Sundaland.
Sunda is a tribe
All tribe that life in indonesia: Are -i am- we i a joke to you?
Sunda bukanlah Suku
@@ranggawana777 MTDNA migrasi
th-cam.com/video/BTQd1RrL1sk/w-d-xo.html
Mahu tahu lebih lanjut datang ke United Kingdom's
I see from sundaland
Sundanese song
Cool
hello
That's why Sunda Empire claims whole SEA
Wtf 😂
What😂
Ice age 1 bc 🤔
URAA
a fertile big sub-continent with a myriad of bigrivers...
The origin of atlantis!
@@questionc9312 i suppose there were MULTIPLE "atlantidis" in the ice age earth
@@fabioartoscassone9305 Damn you get the point.. that was exactly i thought..bro
@@questionc9312 not a theory of mine, honeslty