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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 ต.ค. 2024
- Discover what caused the hole in the ozone layer, and how the Montreal Protocol helped restore it by banning harmful chemicals.
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In the 1980s, the world faced a huge problem: there was a rapidly expanding hole in the ozone layer. If it continued to grow, rates of skin cancer could skyrocket, photosynthesis would be impaired, agricultural production would plummet, and entire ecosystems would collapse. So, what happened? Stephanie Honchell Smith shares how decisive global cooperation helped restore the ozone layer.
Lesson by Stephanie Honchell Smith, directed by Denys Spolitak.
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Yo
Cool
Vote to defeat Republicans being bribed by the fossil fuel industry to deny the proven science that man made global warming is a real crisis.
That would mean actually debating and discussing the issue in order to reach a consensus. First step is to stop trying to cancel or censor or demonize anyone that asks questions or voices a different opinion.
Word. 💯👁️
I think the fact that EVERY SINGLE COUNTRY ON EARTH unanimously agreed to this was the most insane part of this entire thing, if only things like that could happen more often
Because the resolution then was not just about banning the use or increasing taxes.
The current climate change plot is a scam, since all they do is increasing taxes or banning use of stuff without providing alternatives that aren't more expensive.
That the world acted quickly and universally when the evidence was irrefutable is my take away.
I have always found this to be the most damning inditement to place at those making the current 'climate crisis' clamour.
The Montreal Protocol - to me - is demonstration that the causes and proposed interventions - to do with the 'climate crisis' are not as clearly understood or defined. For example, I have seen estimates of this being the most effective intervention to deal with 'global warming', yet I see very little celebration of this.
Low cost, nothing to do with CO2, universally adopted...
That will *NEVER* happen again, at least peacefully when it damages overall profits. Fossil fuel magnates have become much stronger than ever before and will burn the entire planet down before we help the environment without it first being profitable. As such, revolution is necessary.
@@GregBecker That and the fact that almost none of the actual predictions of climate change have come true.
@@darrennew8211 Would you care to prove that none of the current climate trends, which climate researchers warned us of, are related to the climate crisis? Or would you prefer to prove to us that these disturbing climate trends just aren't happening? Pick your poison.
Its nice to hear about humanity actually achieving something good for once
for once? bruh
@@dgbd9030 No, no. He's got a point.
Refreshing to see a climate video with a happy ending. All it took was to have educated politicians.
Great, now I'm depressed again.
Soyboy
only because the solution was more profitable than the problem
Its crazy that despite the extreme threat that this posed many politicians continued to debate the economic consequences it could cause, really comes to show where the priorities lay.
Yeah
Capitalism gonna capitalism
@@TheMono313 Communists care about environment?
@@Aa-fg6jf typical whataboutism
@@Aa-fg6jf did they say theyre a communist?
Can't believe we actually got along for once seems impossible to do nowadays
we still have humanity left in us
Its not too hard, if you have giants like the usa and UK pushing such a heavy agenda
@@antares_m20not in western society anymore
I mean when it comes to saving yourselves, people tend to agree on pretty much anything
@@1jaedan Don't let yourself get convinced by some ghost of pessimism. It was "the West" that was the primary actor that fixed the ozone layer. Clearly, humanity remains.
Often people ignorantly ask this exact question, thinking that the hole in the ozone layer, just like acid rain, must have been scare propaganda. They cannot grasp the idea that decisive action actually solved the problem.
Those flat earthers are always convinced science is useless. They are always jokes
conspiracy theoriests like to be heard. they would prefer people think that they are special group of people othen than actually solving problems
Doesn't help that at the time it was talked about as irreversible and all we could do is keep it from getting worse. And what little repair was mentioned as possible would take centuries. Kinda like how if we didn't lower emissions at that point we'd be looking at several degrees worth of change in just a few years. Media sensationalism has not helped "the science", at least in the US.
Not sure if it's related but I feel like NZ sun is much more "toxic" that sun else where. I moved away for a few years and visited this summer, i forgot sunscreen for one day and by next morning my skin was already looking much more dull with a few sun freckles (which weirdly I never got even when I lived there) Maybe if I never moved my skin would have somehow adapted but having moved and gone back, I can say there IS a visible difference.
Pursuing profit at the expense of nature's wellbeing is just a symptom of a deeper underlying issue. Only when we recognize that we are not a separate entity from our environment, will change in a beneficial direction begin to take place. Just because we live behind walls does not mean that we are any different from the organisms that dwell outside of them.
Capitalism gonna capitalism
Beautifully said!
YES! YES! This is exactly the problem here, its just that the system of capitalism that we all live under brings this exact problematic worldview *among us* .
@RwbyFan to be honest y'all, I think it's more inherent to the human condition to take advantage of nature than it is for any individual political system. The USSR did its part to corrupt the environment as well. The only difference is that it didn't make a profit *outright*
If only everyone can think like you! Well said! 👏🏻
Whoever did the background music for this video deserves a raise for capturing the essence of the 1980s😎
Fr
I find it kind of depressing that the only time all countries agreed on something was to stop the earth from literally dying
well it's kind of hard to exploit people beneath you and shun people that are different if everyone is dead
@@edfreak9001 True
That should actually make you hopeful. The fact that it happened is miraculous, and necessary.
Well, agreeing on not wanting to die seems a nice thing to agree on.
Most other topics that are discussed don't have such an unanimous answer as not wanting everybody to die
@@desanipt the earth warming up, to the point, that life would not be possible in the future?
The only difference is that, because climate change is a lot slower, it is not seen as such a big risk. Humans are very good at normalizing the not-normal, if it's slow enough.
This alone shows that we do have the potential to come together to work towards solving the great issues facing our planet.
I feel like people aren’t going to care as much about climate change until a drastic consequence of it happens to them. That’s when they’ll know what’s happening
People are like that
And even then, some wouldnt change even after getting hit
People are already seeing drastic consequences of climate change on their everyday life, but mostly in developing countries… Sadly, they’re not the ones who can really do anything about it.
Some of the countries that could do something about it are seeing the effects too, but social media, misinformation and influential people are getting in the way of an actual understanding of the problem by the majority of the population.
And nowadays, I doubt that a politician getting skin cancer would influence them in their political actions…
@@NyxBluebell Like what kind of drastic consequences? Do you have a cite with actual measurements of human harm?
@@darrennew8211 We had big fires in France last summer, like those you have in California or Portugal with fire tornados and all. We also had some very big rivers that almost entirely dried. Also some people still have no tape water even though winter is supposed to fill up water resources.
We had one pretty big dry summer once a long ago but never fire tornados or people without water even in winter
@@darrennew8211 Indonesia is disappearing, sinking between ever-worsening and ever-lengthening floods. Storms, like hurricanes/cyclones/typhons, become a lot stronger with increased temperatures. Greenland's ice sheets are melting. Climate changes are worsening agriculture as well as the natural annual cycles or other plants and animals.
I remember during the pandemic, when there were almost no cars or crowds. The air in urban areas got so clean! Beaches were empty so turtles thrived! When people got out of the way, nature took over and the environment started to recover. Am I the only one who misses that?
Yes. Yes you are. But you can always lock yourself at home again, I guess.
No, you're not the only one! The only good thing that I liked in lockdown was the reduced amount of pollution! The air became so clean. Also, the noise pollution was reduced. I wish we could come up with something to reduce the pollution significantly...
I traveled around to all the national parks I could reach without flying. It was glorious to have only a couple hundred people in Yosemite.
Humans are nature too. I fail to understand why it's preferable to have some other animal on the beach instead of people.
@@feynstein1004 because humans think they are the only nature! They do not give other animals space to grow, hence its safe to say humans are invaders of nature
I remember hearing in this one movie about this girl who berated her sister for using too much hair spray because it would create a hole in the ozone layer. I’m pretty sure that was my first introduction to the ozone layer. I’m also pretty sure the movie was Ramona and Beezus but I could be wrong
Haven't seen that movie in years so I dont remember if that scene was there but I love Ramona&... my phone cant spell it but yeahhhhh😂😂
The ozone hole has always been there. Ozone is created by sunlight. When there's a place that gets no sunlight for six months, you get a hole. It's not going to "go away entirely" unless the sun gets really, really awful. CFCs just made the hole bigger, and thinned it out in places the hole wasn't. But the actual existence of a hole is completely normal.
My first interaction was Spy Fox 3. The villain is a makeup CEO and she has a giant aresol space station. She wants people to need stronger sunscreen and she has developed a new version.
I’ve been wondering about this for a while! I remember reading about the Ozone layer crisis in school but haven’t heard anything about it despite all the signs of climate change and the billionaire space missions. Great summary!!
This is why we need educated, scientific people in our governments.
Our congress is disproportionately lawyers. We need more diverse careers in those positions.
@@pepperonipizza8200it’s all old people.
The craziest thing about this video was learning that Ronald Reagan & Margaret Thatcher actually did something good for the planet. It’s really spooky.
Only Reagan could speak to the Chinese.
Sadly, quite often only those who heavily oppose and block certain changes are able to make it happen by shutting up and doing it themselves.
Even a broken clock is right twice a day
Its almost as if the popular narrative is wrong! Who would have thunk it?
@@Jionunez7 sure little man😂
@@Jionunez7 Of course he did. The world may never repay all the good things Reagan did for the people... the rich people that is.
Every parent should show these videos to their kids as documentaries.
Hi, great video as always! Have you thought about doing a video of "Forever chemicals" such as PFAS? I think it would be a great educational video since the US' EPA's announcement on fighting them.
As anyone has talked about the contents, let me say I REALLY LOVE THE ANIMATION
"It was later ratified by every country on Earth"
That's weirdly emotional
I think the biggest problem with the current climate issue is that it’s not as readily apparent (even excluding the capitalistic mindset of maintain oil based companies). With the ozone hole, it’s pretty obvious to find out you have a hole in the sky that could kill the planet.
With Climate Change, “oh, we don’t need to do anything, it just makes the planet warmer”. By the time we do see anything for climate change, it’ll be too late. If you haven’t seen the increasing number of natural disasters and the flooding at coastlines, then you’re living blindly. Please please, convince our legislature to take action. There’s only so much humanity can take now.
The reason we knew about the ozone hole is it's a completely natural thing people had been tracking for decades. Any time you don't get sun for six months, the unstable chemicals created by sunlight tend to fade away. That's why the hole was over Antarctica instead of (say) the USA.
The difference between the situations is that it's relatively easy to replace refrigerants with different refrigerants. It's relatively difficult to replace fossil fuels with anything else.
And we've done studies showing that neither coastlines nor "natural disasters" are any more in danger than they've been for the last hundreds of years. No more hurricanes, tornadoes, or floods have been measured.
@@darrennew8211
What?
Just google search the U.N climate report to know how wrong this is.
Where are you getting this nonsense about disaster levels being the same for the past 100 years?
And the ozone breaking is not a "natural process that was going to happen anyway"
That's entirely wrong, and your logic of "well how come the hole isn't over the U.S" shows you did zero research on the topic and insisted on criticising it anyway.
The ozone layer is over the arctic because that is the only location cfc's can chemically collide with the ozone. During an event called the "polar vortex" every winter, arctic's thin atmosphere leads to a strange stratospheric reaction that forms a funnel.
This funnel creates a doorway for stable chlorine gases in low atmosphere, like cfc's, to find their way to the stratosphere and perform a chemical reaction caused by the colliding molecules, leading to a reduction of the ozone. This is not natural. CfC's are able to perform thousands of collisions before becoming stable. The vortex is not a "natural ozone hole" it's just phenomena where the ozone becomes thinner for six months.
Anywhere else on earth cfc's are trapped in low atmosphere as "chlorine reservoirs" and are relatively harmless until given enough time to migrate to the stratosphere.
There are scientific models on this. It's been proven definitively. Just search for ozone watch to see the details.
Educate yourself. Please.
Solving the problem once and for all. ONCE AND FOR ALL!!
futurama gang
Who wants to know my "once and for all" solution? 😈
hello thanks for your work!
instead of chemical whack a mole, what would happen if companies were required to prove that stuff like this is safe before being put on the market?
That works in theory, but in reality it's pretty much impossible to predict every possible reaction to everything else out there on the planet. Even years of testing on new medications sometimes fail to uncover problems that become evident very quickly after they released to the public.
Sorry but theres now a national emergency and it has to skip over all regulations and you have to have it or you cant go outside.
Wait a second that never happened we always follow the rules that are made to keep people safe and healthy right? Right?
@@Apledore So we *do* play chemical whack-a-mole because it would harm companies profits then and not even try?
Because we learn things are dangerous by using them. How do you prove a drug has no bad side-effects for 30 years before you give it to humans? How about those drugs where humans will die in five years without the drugs? How "safe" does it have to be before it's allowed on the market? How many people are you willing to let die of lacking-that-chemical while you determine it's "safe"?
@@Planet.Xplor3r you're not very bright are you?
If only more agreement like that could happen today.
Damn for a minute when I was in school all we heard about was the damn hole😅
I think the reason everyone got along on this idea was bc CFC's where just used in house hold items, minor things compared to like fossil fuels.
According to a recent study, a new ozone hole has been detected over the tropics, at latitudes of 30 degrees South to 30 degrees North, the study revealed that the tropical ozone hole is about seven times larger than Antarctica .
Also, we don't really have a replacement for fossil fuels. It's a lot easier to say "from now on, use this different chemical" than it is to say "guess what, no more transportation for you."
We used to have sunburn times as part of our weather forecasting in Aotearoa/NZ because of ozone depletion. It got down to 11 or 12 minutes during summer.
Yeah, in NZ I once had a workmate who had come over from Germany. He was working up on a roof in the middle of winter and got sun burnt 😂 the sun down here is brutal!
@@2bfrank657 it’s not as bad now, but yes, very clear air when humidity is low 🙃
It’s amazing how much can be achieved when there’s actual political will to achieve it
There is an interesting irony, at least in my country, where we are experiencing so much heat that we constantly use ACs (Freon) to cool down, but not realizing that our actions contribute directly to more heat 😂
Same here in Thailand. And so much air pollution. Nobody cares. It's getting hotter each year.
@@jase123111 it will be especially hot this year due to el nino event
Which country?
You can still do your part (finances allowing). Have a technician check your system to make sure it has no leaks (or as few as possible anyway). Can't trap CO₂ if it is itself trapped in pipes!
hope we can do this more often
We could, we just need better people to rule the planet. We need younger people to rule more
This shows that if we can work together...we can change the world greatly
Happy Anniversary to the Montreal Protocol!
I remember this whole save the ozone layer thing when in was in primary school. I couldn't remember what happened to it. Humanity really came together on the this existential crisis.
Wonderful. Thank you
Reagan and Thatcher doing something that is good for people? now that's something I never expected to hear!
Shows you're clueless.
Still very much in effect here in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil's southmost state. You can't go out in sun without solar filter even in winter if you have pale skin. The difference from the 80's is absurd.
I don't think you're ever supposed to get outdoors not wearing sunscreen, tbh.
@@fernandaabreu5625 even in winter?
@@AbdulGoodLooks It can depend. Regions in higher altitude will have less protection and more exposure to the sun, so sunscreen can aid protective UV clothing. In specific weather conditions, the bright sun reflecting on the snow can mean more UV exposure. Not all situations in winter would call for sunscreen, but some can
This is very helpful. Thank you
Such a delicate balance that's required for life to exist. Any disruption would cause major catastrophic consequences, which include mass extinctions, if not ceasing all life.
Well, the worlds lack of paying attention will tell the tale. Too bad there will be no one around to write it down.
Actually, we are just a small part of life on earth in its entirety. If, right now, we were to nuke ourselves into oblivion and burn every forest down, the microbiota at the bottom of the oceans would still be relatively unharmed.
It's not going to "cease all life." We had meteors that didn't come close to "ceasing all life." Maybe a gamma ray burst 10 light years away or something, but exaggerating the effects of a problem is actually counter-productive.
@@darrennew8211 Yes, I agree here. Life on earth is pretty resilient and has survive more than us. We should strive to help complement life on earth instead of just showing our insignificance to it. The Universe will go on without us, and intelligent life is near certain to develop without our involvement as well, whether on Earth again, or on another planet.
@@darrennew8211 Seems to me there have been past events that have wiped out like 80%-90% of life in decades at the most. 70% over 10,000 years that we hear about as the human caused mass extinction is nothing. Not that we shouldn't try, but we have got to get out of thinking in terms of the last few thousand years and look at scales of millions of years.
the ozone deserves a gold star 🌟
Tbh, while the ozone is repairing itself, the main issue of UV rays is settled (cause of skin cancer, as it is mentioned). Now its the heat and more being trapped inside that needs to be saved. Hope that people can be clear what is going on and also be aware that we can do more for the environment.
I find it interesting that people don't seem to realise we are still suffering from the effects of this. The sun down here in Australia and New Zealand is literally deadly because of the ozone hole. Whole generations of us have to be extra careful in summer, covering up and hiding in the shade or getting burned in 15-20 minutes. As someone who has worked outside for some years, it is a big concern for about half the year, even avoiding excessive sun exposure in late winter.
CFC is not a coolant, it’s refrigerant. Key difference is a typical coolant don’t undergo phase change in the heat transfer system. While a refrigerant undergoes phase change, and the phase change is critical to the function of the refrigerant. This is why it’s not as simple as switching out water with diluted antifreeze, the whole refrigeration system (operating pressure, expansion valve opening, compressor) needs to be redesigned or at minimum adjusted.
This is one of those distinctions I never knew I needed to understand until now. Thanks 👍
Ronald who had experience but Thatcher had the knowledge; that is what brought these 2 to join hands. Doesn't this stand proof to the fact that we need leaders who have the Ability to understand empathise on problems rather than a myopic view on things
thank you
People can come together in the snap of a finger. Cultures can change in the blink of an eye. Something like this unanimous agreement can happen again, and this shows that ecology is the foundation to culture. The environment...its key.
incredible story
As opposed to many Americans, I had geography as subject at Primary School and High School. Climate change is changing and is natural process. Medieval ages were warmer so you could produce wine even in Northern Poland. Then temperature dropped as a result of climate change, vineyards in Northern Poland disappeared. Nowadays, these vineyards are popping up again in Northern Poland but climate changes are natural phenomenon.
Hello , According to a recent study, a new ozone hole has been detected over the tropics, at latitudes of 30 degrees South to 30 degrees North, the study revealed that the tropical ozone hole is about seven times larger than Antarctica . why has this news not been covered
If you search it online, you can see different journals talking about this.
Even the ESA (European space agency) talk about his findings and the opinions of other climatologists about this research.
It doesn't appear in the news because it doesn't fit the narrative.
The sun has far more effect on ozone and climate than humans do.
Yes, pollution is bad and we should continue working to reduce it.
This could be a movie!
i feel so proud of humanity rn
Jaywalking hunt
I was just thinking of heatwaves and about my father keeping the AC on whole night these days and Ted uploaded this 🗿
VIVA MEXICO! saludos desde colombia!
I like how the video makes a few electronic beeps and declares the Kegali amendment will prevent half a degree temperature rise. Are you ready to have an explosive refrigerator in your kitchen to prevent a sketchy amount of temperature change calculated in dodgy way, far the future? For me, AC units near me running propane seem like more of a threat.
“Politicians disagreed on what to do” Some were paid to disagree and some were not.
Also, the only other agreement signed by every country missing mention is the Vienna Convention for a total of 198 countries.
Forgot about the dreaded hole in the ozone layer. As a child, we thought come the year 2000, we'd all go booom because of it. Guess not 🤷🏽♀️
uhhh what? Surely not lol. Why would anyone think we'd explode?
And there was this Y2K
That's because we thought computers might not roll over into 2000 from 1999 and everything would crash.. But it did turn to 2000.
Well, good thing we managed to patch it up.
Exactly what’s happening with global warming.
Together we can save our beautiful planet🙃✨
It’s nice to have had a science literate politician with some ability to take action in power. Wish I was old enough to know what that was like.
#TheDarkAges-Take2.
Don't worry, they weren't science-literate then too. It was just profitable to do what happened here.
The bit at the end about HFCs (not the original CFCs) contribute 0.5C to global warming is huge. That makes the new HFCs responsible for about 1/4 of the warming, far worse than CO2 and other gasses. @4:11
At least a quarter! Not sure what this last decade was, but the 2011-ish count from 2000 to 2010 was about 0.1C (so on track for a degree per century again, dramatic but not unheard of prior to about 10k years ago) meaning a potential halving of the expected rise!
Good studying👍
Just imagine if things like this would occur more often...everyday would be 'Earth day'.
I wondered about this, since in the 90s, it was all a rage....we have acid rain in 30 years time...and now it is barely talked about. Instead it is just global warming instead of Summer
I was jisy thinking about this whole the other day. More people in charge of stuff like this need to put our future above their hunger for money
My Grandfather was in Antarctica for Operation Deep Freeze in 1963 to research the ozone layer and the growth of the hole.
Cool thanks
just an other example about why we can not trust the free market to regulate itself.
(or at least when it comes to safety, they can regulate the prices pretty well).
It helped that the ozone hole was an undeniable fact both in terms of happening and how and why it happened.
I think it would be interesting to see what is learned if someone with great investigative skills looks into the posibility that is was actually hi altitude nuclear testing which caused the hole. I'm not completely convinced but considering that 90% of the population lives in the norther hemisphere and that global weather patterns pretty much keep the hemispheres separated, it stands to reason that one or more of the high altitude nuclear tests might have been the cause.
Old school TV sets with the knobs like that never had a remote control.
Unless there is an alternative to HFC's I don't see it happening unfortunately
Montreal protocol was successful because it had a specific goal and specific items to phase out and was able to formulate a workable plan..
Same was not possible with green house gases and global warming for which there are multiple sources and phenomena at work..
How do u think it's gonna work by saying let's limit the raise of temperature by 1.5 degree?
It's very vague and general without any specific action plan and needs too many things to work by too many nations..
So we're most likely to take it to 2 degree and even 4 degree if things continue as today .. which most likely they will...
One also has to show actual harm happening, evidence for which has been very scant. Lots of predictions for disasters that haven't come true, lots of "tipping points" in the past while still proclaiming we must act, lots of people ignoring the good parts of global warming and exaggerating the bad parts beyond all reason, and lots of people being unwilling to actually give up the lifestyle they have to save unborn strangers hundreds of years in the future.
@@darrennew8211 Lots of celebrities telling people how they need to reduce their usage while themselves globetrotting on private jets and having mansions with a carbon footprint of a small city.
I swear I have wondered this !
Every country on the planet agreed but Dupont, General Motors, and Frigidaire thought they were better? They were worried about losing a few dollars??
average american capitalism
I was born on 2000, i really wished i would live to see that day
Finally some good news
The earth can become better when we all work together on a common goal devoid of betrayals and backbiting.
I remember the Phineas and Ferb eppisode about aerosols and ozone
Well atleast the whole world agreed on something for once...
I like that a computer resembling those in Fallout for the animation.
We should all learn to look for the greater good and not just quick gratification.
Asthmatic? You can help by switching to CFC-free inhalers, like breath-acctuated inhalers. ❤❤❤
Yes it closed. Which is why no one talks about it anymore and the Right always brings it up and calls it lies
I'm surprised everyone's acting so pessimistic in the comments section. This isn't the only time a climate goal has succeeded (the Cuyahoga River and Clean Air Act being two examples off the top of my head). The Montreal Protocol shows that international cooperation is possible, and so is environmental reform. Of course there was prominent opposition, but the good news is that it was overcome and an existential threat parried!
So, how can we replicate this success in the future?
Come up with a problem science can actually solve, and that won't be burdensome on the people who have to vote for and live with the solution. When everyone is begging to have a nuclear reactor within 20 miles of their home, you will have solved climate change.
I thought Reagan was on board with CFC ban since DuPont found an alternative to CFC coolants which, when banned, would have meant increased sales on refrigerators.
How long will it take for measures against global warming reach the same conclusion and be ratified globally.
First, create an action plan that will actually work without killing many, many currently-alive people. It's 1000x as easy to say "the next fridge you buy will need to use a different chemical, that we're in the process of researching" than to say "sorry, no more cars or trucks or planes for you." When you convince people that the predicted but so far unseen disasters of global warming are worse than having a nuclear reactor in their city, you'll get progress.
The reason we are still not on the same page about saving the earth is that we don’t have enough young people in office who understand these problems. We need to not listen to those who denie facts that are right in their face and that we can see with the web and sataellte data only then can we truly save the earth, and use more green energy.
The problem is "save the earth" and "use more green energy" aren't an actionable. Contrast with "research an alternative to CFCs that don't break down into Chlorine".
In today’s political climate this would not be fixed and we’d all be dead.
Not true! Reagan was told by Dupont that there was money to be made in switching to safer gases... that's why he did it!
wow, doing something about a problem solves it better than pretending it doesn't exist 👍
I'd consider the whole thing as a warning
Leave it to corporations and politicians to prioritize Money over the whole not dying thing
So, this basically means that our politicians just need to be educated or faced with real-life circumstances to understand whats going on on earth? Who would have thought...
Do take a look at CFC11 and CFC12 atmosphere concentrations over time charts. It is actually much higher today than in the 1980s for both of them. If the Ozone layer hole was increasing in the 1980s, why is it DEcreasing today?
Because it's a scam.
the CFC11 and CFC12 concentrations are lower than in the 1980s. the CFCs that are more present today are CFC112a, CFC13, CFC113a CFC114a, and CFC15. all of which are way, WAY less harmful than CFC11. all these chemicals combined would only cause a 0.002% loss in ozone, compared to CFC11 causing a 20%+ loss in ozone.
@@kemcolian2001 All the charts i see when i google image "cfc11 concentrations chart time" place the CFC11 and CFC12 concentrations of today ABOVE those of the 1980s (even though the peak concentration is probably somewhere around the 1990s or early 2000s, but concentrations have clearly decreased very little since then and are still ABOVE the level of the 1980s). But following your comment I tried replacing "cfc11" for "cfc112a" and "cfc113a" in the search but the charts DIDN'T change. It is important to notice that i am NOT talking about [emissions] but rather about the actual concentration itself (which would be the most important factor for how much change we should be seeing in that specific time). The charts are clear to me: the concentrations are very high and therefore the ozone layer hole should be increasing if CFCs are really the only and/or primary factor for this phenomenom, but contrary to such predicitions, the hole is DEcreasing despite high concentrations of CFCs in the atmosphere.
@@snookaone It's not the only factor by far. Sunlight creates ozone, which breaks down on its own. Anywhere there's a place where you don't get sun for six months per year you're going to have an ozone hole. That's how we found it in the first place.
Keep asking questions! If they lied to us about this, what other popular narratives are untrue?
Great!
That Kigali Amendment kinda gives me a Gundam vibe. Kudos to you if you get what I mean 👌
If CFCs make ozone holes, this means that CFCs could be used as weapons to selectively open holes above enemy territory.
Not really. First you'd have to keep them in the target area (Who was using that much hairspray, ACs, and refrigerators at the south poll?) Second, the process takes time and to speed it up with quantity would displace enough oxygen to might as well be toxic. Third, UV protection is relatively trivial. Fourth, cancer takes time years and even decades to kill. Fifth, were you somehow to remove enough of the planet's protection over an area to cause massive destruction in a short period of time it would be the mother of all crimes against humanity, likely a whole new class of crime. And finally, it would take decades to make a place so attacked habitable by _anything_ again with no known method of cleanup so would be socially, economically, and environmentally better just to nuke the site.
Yes man reduced the use of CfC's, but you can actually thank the sun and the Aurora for the ozone layer coming back. Just goes to show that all things are connected.
I'm happy to find at least one other person who gets it.
Ozone is formed in the atmosphere through a process called photolysis. This occurs when sunlight interacts with molecules of oxygen (O2) in the upper atmosphere, breaking them apart into individual oxygen atoms (O). These individual oxygen atoms can then react with other O2 molecules to form ozone (O3). The formation of ozone is an important process that helps to protect life on Earth by absorbing harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
The absence of sunlight in Antarctica during the polar winter prevents the formation of ozone molecules through photolysis. Photolysis, as mentioned earlier, requires sunlight to break apart O2 molecules and create the individual oxygen atoms needed to form ozone. Without sunlight, this process cannot occur. Additionally, during the winter months in Antarctica, the temperatures are very low, which can also slow down chemical reactions and make it more difficult for ozone to form. This is one reason why a large "ozone hole" tends to form over Antarctica during the winter months, as the lack of sunlight and cold temperatures make it difficult for ozone to form and maintain itself in the atmosphere.
So, this so called "ozone hole" is a natural process, the hole appears during the polar winter and disappears when the region is again exposed to the Sun, and the chemical reactions that enable the formation of ozone molecules is again viable.
Brilliant explanation and makes sense to a non-chemist like myself. I'm still confused as to how the CFC's managed to drift down to the South Pole, when their usage was a predominantly Northern hemisphere event.... The North Pole also has a dark winter, yet there's no evidence of a hole there....
@@Mark-nm6zw The north pole had something similar, but nowhere near as big. CFCs take years to mix and diffuse in the lower atmosphere, where at tropical latitudes the air would move into the stratosphere. From there, winds bend from the equator towards the poles. Eventually it's all evenly distributed.
Then there are also polar vortices, which can trap the air and the cold during part of the season. For reasons I don't claim to understand it results in colder stratospheric air in the Antarctic than in the Arctic, which forms specific stratospheric clouds that speed up ozone depletion. This didn't happen in the Arctic stratosphere as much.
The weakening of that polar vortex in their spring (so september) meant that ozone depleted air spread to Australia and South America. A temporary yearly event, but that did result in measurably intenser UV rays.
Same logic with the global warming. Bro's.. It's a natural phenomenon happening once a year.
You can't go telling everyone that ozone holes are a natural event! They might start asking questions about everything else they're told, and might even begin doubting The Science™
from that one hole now this layer is a fine net. many small holes
Now some people think this never happened and was a hoax just because they don't hear about it anymore. Nice. I have really high hopes for us humans.