Line Follower Robot using Arduino🔥
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 9 พ.ค. 2024
- In this video we are going to make simple Line follower robot using Arduino.
The idea behind this robot is to detect black line using 2 IR sensors and move robot accordingly using L298N motor driver module.
I have explained in details each step along with code.
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👉Components list:
✅ Arduino Uno (Canada amzn.to/3JpiGE5) (India amzn.to/3E0VefL)
✅ 2 IR Sensors (Canada amzn.to/3q16ama) (India amzn.to/3fE1tgs)
✅ 2WD car kit (It has DC gear motors with wheels) (Canada amzn.to/34F7HqJ) (India amzn.to/3U8BVqK)
✅ L298N motor driver (Canada amzn.to/3J98zTJ) (India amzn.to/3hfLIwJ)
✅ Battery DC 7-12V (We will use lipo 2S battery) amzn.to/3q4SjLN
✅ Jumper wires (Canada amzn.to/3I8fZVG) (India amzn.to/3heE3Pa)
✅ Glue gun
✅ Double sided tape
✅ Black Electrical Tape
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👉Code and diagram:
github.com/un0038998/LineFoll...
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⏱Chapters
00:00 Intro
00:33 Components
01:10 Assembly of car
02:30 Connections
03:37 Code explanation
05:22 Sensor calibration
05:49 Demo
#linefollowerrobot #arduinoprojects #hashincludeelectronics - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
Thank You !! It Was Very Helpful. You're Amazing !!🖤🖤
Thank you very much 👍🏻
Harsh I find it highly professional channel. It is well organized. Please do videos on micro mouse and AI. All the best!
Thank you for such a great explanation
Thank you so much for this video. It's really helped me a lot to practice with Arduino UNO.
You are welcome 🙏
you saved me alot of hard work bhai. love it!!!!!
Happy to help 👍🏻
Woah thats so coool , i guess i know what to do now thank you sir
Awesome 👍🏻👏🏻
Fantastic explanation 🎉❤
Thanks for checking out the video 👏🏻👍🏻
Awesome bro , this is helpful ..
Glad you think so!
I have a question with the wiring, I see you Combine a bunch a wires into one when doing the sensors how do we also make that?
It’s quite simple . Just join one end of multiple wires together and then attach single wire to this joint . I used this so that I can provide 5v and gnd to all components from l298n drive .
Thanks for you're great video!
We're doing a quite similar arduino project and we were wondering if it's possible to let the robot make a 180 degree turn, so that it can make it through the parkour in both directions.
You can make a code change to rotate robot . Adding proper delay will rotate the robot through certain degree . Not exactly but roughly . Give it a try 👍🏻
@@hashincludeelectronics How can I make it do a 180-degree turn?
Hi, i have a problem that the wheels doesn't move even on a white surface. I followed the video up until the part with the power source. I used 4 AA batteries as the set i used included that kind of battery compartment. What could be the problem?
Thanks for checking out video 👍🏻. You can easily adjust the speed in code by changing the value of (MOTOR_SPEED 180) . Try increasing it till 255 max value based on your current speed
Thanks for the great video.
I was watching your project and in which one sensor is working properly but light lights are red. The other sensor has 1 green light glowing and it is not working at all. What should I do?
You need to caliber both the sensors as shown in video 👍🏻👏🏻
Does a 4 AA battery works for this...if not,suggest any alternative battery for this other than the one you have used in this video....we have tried using 2 HW connected in series....but the motor stops after running for some time.....
Don’t use that AA battery . Try LiOn 18650 2 cells .
nice presentation bro. keep it up
Thanks a ton
Very simple explanation thank you.
Welcome 🙏
hello there,
thanks for you video you are already carring us through our university projekt. But in our project we need to go the track backwards. Do you belive its better going backwards or let the linefollow robot turn 180 degrees at the end of the track and then drive back. In our track the end of the line is build with a big black point. So that both sensors see black and stop.
We would really appreciate an answer.
Greetings from Germany
I would suggest make a 180 turn . Right now this robot stops after seeing black big spot . Rather than stopping it , let it turn 180 degrees . You need to adjust delay for this 180 degree rotation . I don’t have robot assembled to test it . So you need to do it on your robot and see if it works . 👍🏻
Thanks for you're great video!
We're doing a quite similar arduino project and we were wondering if it's possible to use 11.1v 3s battery lippo
Yes you can use that 👏🏻
7.4 v Battery can useable?
Sir, I wonder what controls the movement of this robot, is it the code saved in arduino uno?
Yes it’s the code which controls the robot 👍🏻👏🏻
Hello thanks for your video , i would like to know for this kind of robot if it’s better in terms of stability and maneuverability to do 4 wheels (2 in the back 2 in front ) or only 2 wheels or 2 wheels in the back and one wheel in the front like you did ?
Anything will do . But you will have to make changes accordingly in your code for speed .
I have the same kit, what do you recommended me to do for additional speed?
Increase the speed in the code .
Super bro..thnq for sharing
Welcome 😊
Hello, mine seems like the right motor is not spinning, for the battery I'm using 2x 3.7v 18560 batteries
Please check the connections 👍🏻👏🏻
still the same, sometimes it works but most of the time it does not@@hashincludeelectronics
Guys I am observing that people are facing issue only because they are using 9v non rechargeable battery . Please don’t use that 9v non rechargeable battery because it does not provide enough power . Use some good rechargeable battery like LiPo or LiON batteries👍🏻
Hu
Huhuhuhu
Huhuhuhu
Huhuhu
Do we have any code to control the speed like to make it go faster
Thanks for the great video!
I have a question regarding the power. If I power up the arduino straight from battery, then I connect VIN & GND from arduino to 12V and GND of L298, then I take 5V & GND from arduino to the IR sensors, will it work? I tried doing that but my arduino just makes a continuous beep sound. Thank you!
Please check the video for connections 👏🏻👍🏻
Hello, can you resolve the problem? . In my case, i have the same problem than you
@@robertmanuelgonzalez2332 i rewatched the video and turns out my connections were wrong, try to check your connections!
I think I have a different type of arduino
In my arduino there is no black rectangle in between just the left and right side
nothing in between like it has just right to the connection
will it work or i need the same on
Please check the pins and make connections accordingly 👍🏻👏🏻
Thnx sooo much for the video it really helped me!!!!!!!
Welcome 🙏
hey i am just a fresher planning to do this project i just want to know while uploading the code on Arduino the Arduino should be connected to the laptop right? but after dumping code on Arduino can we remove it, and still does it work? sorry if it's too basic cos I'm just a fresher but very interested to do Arduino related projects
Yes, It will work. Upon uploading the code to Arduino, it executes every time power is supplied to the board.
Thanks Parvez for explaining this . 👏🏻👏🏻 nice cooperation 👍🏻
@@parvezkhan5198 thank you i also wanted to know if there's any arduino code to control the speed of the robot
Hi. Can you share what RPM motor you are using. I am using 100 rpm geared motors and it takes about 3 cms to stop and that is causing the sensor to cross the black line.
Try 1:48 ratio motor which will have 200 rpm . 👏🏻👍🏻
Can we use a case of 4 batteries with 3.7 v each instead of this lippo battery mentioned in your video ??
Use 2 batteries 👍🏻👏🏻
Very helpful 🙂👌
Glad you think so!
Nice work man. Just a question, is there a way to adjust the speed of the car? We have a racing competition. Hope you can help. Thank you.
Yes you can adjust the MAX MOTOR SPEED in code . However not sure if this will be suitable for racing competition you are participating. This is very basic line follower robot. It does not have any latest technique like PID control or more sensors etc .
@@hashincludeelectronics thank you for your response. Can I achieve fast bot using l293d and 3 ir sensor?
Can it still run on broken lines and intersections?
Unfortunately I have not tried it . Please give it a try and see if it works and let us know 👍🏻👏🏻
Thanks for you explanation.
I was wondering that can your robot rotate 90 degrees?
Because I built a project which is black line follower robot that I needed for my college and I did everything correct except that my robot cannot recognize the 90 degrees so no rotation at that angle, so can help me out of what to do?
Thanks for checking out the video . Please note that this is very simple line following robot. If you need more angular and accurate turns , we will need to use more IR sensors and its a different project. You can check online for more information on such complex design.👍
@@hashincludeelectronics Alright, thank you
what kind of double wires are u using to connect arduino and sensors?
Those are connected wires . Connect 2 wires together at one end .
Sir, which analog pin of the positive and negative pin of the 5v buzzer. Sir, can I have to write the code of the 5v buzzer in the line follower, will the line follower robot work or not?
Sir, I put the buzzer pins and the led in the Arduino Uno, but the Arduino line follower robot s buzzer and led are not working when I turn on the line follower, the line follower robot works but the 5v buzzer and led are not working. Give me the circuit diagram of the Arduino line follower robot s buzzer and led visual indication.
Please check the buzzer specification for pins . Also first check only buzzer working with Arduino and then integrate with line follower code . Go step by step , have patience 😜 and it will work 👍🏻
hey thx for the detailed video.i made the robot but i dont understand how did u calibrate the sensors like
should they beep when they detect the line or wht
also the motor wont move and the code is all the same as u provided
the ir sensors continuosly make a beep sound
can u pls reply and tell me the solution as i want to make this robot
also i had to ask if the whole project will work on a 9v battery(non rechargeble)
Please use only rechargeable battery 👏🏻👍🏻. Also check the video for calibration 👌🏻
Hey I was following your video to make a Line Following Robot of my own, and I have everything set up as you do in the video, but the light on both of the IR Sensors labeled POWER is constantly lit red, not green like they are in your video. Also, the robot itself is not driving (the motors aren't spinning whatsoever). I was just wondering if you knew why this was the case and if you knew a fix for this issue. Thanks!
Thanks for checking out the video 👍🏻. May be your IR sensor power LED is red . You should calibrate the sensors by placing them on black and white surface and adjusting the knob on sensors . Check the video properly . Also make sure you provide only rechargeable battery power .
@@hashincludeelectronics Yes my Power LED on the IR Sensor is red, I was wondering if you knew why.
I'll have code that I used to test if the robot could even drive attached below, and I believe something may be wrong with that as well so if you see anything wrong with it let me know.
I calibrated the sensors just as you did in the video, so I do not believe that is an issue. The robot is detecting a change when I move it over the black tape, so again i do not believe that to be the issue.
I checked the rest of the video twice, and everything seemed correct according to the video.
And the battery I am using is a 6v battery pack, but I tried to power the robot by using a 9v battery and by plugging it into my laptop and running the code, but neither of those work.
If you have any idea as to what could be wrong, let me know. Until then, thank you for the very detailed video!
Attached code:
// defining the pins
void setup() {
pinMode(10,OUTPUT);
pinMode(9,OUTPUT);
pinMode(8,OUTPUT);
pinMode(7,OUTPUT);
}
// defining variables
void forward(){
digitalWrite(10,HIGH);
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
digitalWrite(7,LOW);
}
void pause(){
digitalWrite(10,NULL);
digitalWrite(9,NULL);
digitalWrite(8,NULL);
digitalWrite(7,NULL);
}
void loop() {
// code to make the robot drive
pause();
delay(1000);
forward();
delay(3000);
pause();
delay(1/0);
}
And then the in a separate file I have your code that I copied from GitHub, but that too does not work.
@@saladbar__ in your code you did not add enables pins . You need to provide analogWrite to those ena and enb pins . Check the code again .
I have doubt on the connection from motor to sensor
how did u connected i ground from motor to both the sensors and uno
similarly 5 v one
I see a jumper wire with one male and 3 female
whats that
It’s like join 3 wires together and then connect single wire to this joint . So it’s like 1->3 connections . 👍🏻👏🏻
ok got it boss
thanks
@@hashincludeelectronics
Can I use tcrt5000 sensors instead of those you're using on the video?
If those sensors can act like IR sensors then yes you can use . It should provide you digital output 👍🏻👏🏻
Hello admin actually we made so before connecting wires it spins but its not working can you please help?
About the car chassis. May I ask that is it 2WD Car Chassis will be ok? Because the car chassis in your video is unavailable to deliver to my place.
This car chassis is 2WD.
Thanks for this video!
I built the robot but, the wheels aren't rotating even when the arduino uno board is attached to my laptop.
Also the 'L' labelled LED is not glowing on the arduino Uno board.
What should I do?
Please check the video slowly and carefully. You might have missed some step 👍🏻👏🏻
hey nice project i have a queston my motors make this screeching noise and doesent move and the ir sensor dont controle i am using a 5v from arduino and gnd and then 9v from battery what power souurce should i use
Please use rechargeable battery only 👍🏻
@@hashincludeelectronics hey thanks i have a new problem the ir sensors work and light up but only 1 ir sensor controles 1 motor how dpo i get the other one to controle the other motor i think the left is only woking and so is the left motor
I'm very excited with your idea. But when I tried em with 9v battery it won't start. Do I have problem with power supply?
Thanks for checking out video 👍🏻. You can easily adjust the speed in code by changing the value of (MOTOR_SPEED 180) . Try increasing it till 255 max value based on your current speed
Hi, your video is amazing, can you tell me How long should the chassis of the car be? Please. I need the measurements of almost everything that should be used . Thank you and I really hope you can help me 😢
You can buy this robot chassis online . It’s easily available 👍🏻
Hi!! If i want to move robot backward.. Is it necessary to use IR sensor on the rear?
That's a good point . I don't think we need IR sensors on the rear of car. You can still move the car backwards (In the same way we are moving in forward direction) and keep checking if these IR sensors touch the black line and move the car accordingly in left/right backward direction.
You can add 2 modes of operation in code , 1. Forward mode 2.Backward Mode.
Give it a try and let us know how it goes.
thank you!
hi
I watched your video and I do not have many male to female wires needed. can I tape the male to male wires instead
Yes you can 👍🏻👏🏻
@@hashincludeelectronics ok thank you
Hey bro, my connecting got burnde when i used 11.4v Li batteries..
Should i change that or????
11.4 should be good . Why it got burnt ? Please check the connections again properly . Check the video again 👍🏻
Hello sir, can we use Bo motors for this !?
Yes we can use 👍🏻
BEST SOLUTION for basic line follower robot , thanks you !!
Thank you very much for checking out the video and comment 👍🏻👏🏻
Hello hash I have a important question do the wires that you soldered come with the chassis like the switch and motor wires
It comes with Motor wires . However I would suggest to buy set of jumper wires for this project . It will be useful 👏🏻👍🏻
Ok and what are all the kinds of batteries that I can use
Can you solder jumper wires
@@samir8943 yes you can 👍🏻
And the batteries
Can we build it for pulling 4 kg load ?
No . It can not handle that much load 👍🏻👏🏻
Hi.
I watched the video and made the robot. The problem is when the robot walks, we notice that one of the sensors is close to the edge of the black line, while the other sensor is farther away at the black line, although the distance between the sensors is equal to the width of the line. How to make the right and left sensor on the two edges of the line
You can adjust it appropriately
How many jumper wires will be required and which male to female or male to male connecters?
You can buy set of mixed jumper wires . Those will be used in future as well . Keep it with you 👍🏻👏🏻
Good day!
We are working on this for a school project and we followed the steps with utmost care and yet the wheels won't move
The IR sensor can sense but it still doesn't work we even tried highering the speed to no avail. Also, we use 4AA lithium-ion batteries.
What are some possible solutions to our problem?
Kawawa ka nmn 😔
Please use rechargeable battery 7-12 V 👍🏻👏🏻
Great video. Your tutorial actually works perfectly. Can you send me one more instruction, I'm trying to connect an ultrasonic sensor and I want to stop rotating both motors when the distance is less than 30 cm.
Thanks for checking out the video 👍🏻👌🏻. You can check my video on human following robot for use of ultrasonic sensor .
@@hashincludeelectronics It isn't working as I do it by myself. Can send me some instructions to do what I want.
simply i mean how to make a line following robot which stops at an obstacle
Nice video bro
Thanks for the visit
What is the name of the wire that connects the switch with the battery and the l298n motor driver?
That is JST connector . However you can use simple any wire 👍🏻👏🏻
Sir,
Front and back rotation of wheels is not happening!only forward taking place.No difference in rotation whether kept on line or not!
Is the problem is in code or any connection which I made??This problem occurs due to code or connection?
It should rotate in reverse direction as well . Check connections of motor . Reverse the wires of motors
Great video the circuits work but im just curious why my robot is resetting while it detects a line? sometimes when it detects it stops and reset the the led is blinking after the restart
I think issue is with your power supply . Please check that 👍🏻👏🏻
i have any question, if I Use Battery 9 Volt in Schematic . can it work?
You can use 9V battery. But use only rechargeable battery.
May I ask if we use a frame model that has four wheels (2 at the front, 2 at the back) whether we can still use the coding that has been shared using a frame model like that.
and can explain how to connect the cable from the sensor to the driver and to the Arduino
If coding is successful but not successful and the sensor is green, can you explain what to do? please explain min
Yes we can use that 4WD model as well . Give it a try . There is parameter in code called MAX_MOTOR_SPEED which you change to increase the speed if needed . 👍🏻👏🏻
the car is starting and the wheels are turning but it won't move on the track, can you help me how to solve it?
hi there. I am confused in one thing. how do you provide one ground connection to both the sensors??
I see you have joined the wires. Can you explain how to do that?
It’s just connecting single wire to multiple wires the at one end.
@@hashincludeelectronics yes but how to do it practically.
Please explain
@@manualidadesde5minutos865 ok . Take single jumper wire . Cut it at one end . Then take 2 jumper wires . Join these 2 wires together at one end and then connect this end to single jumper wire . Like Y shape .
Thank you so much for the video it was really good, I'm doing the same project but I'm adding a PID controller to smooth the movement so could you please help me by guiding me what to add to the code. Thanks in advance bro
Thank you very much and I wish all the best for your project . Adding PID to such robot is quite challenging. You will need to use multiple sensors and then tune PID . I would suggest you to check some other videos where they used PID . Good luck 👍🏻
Dude, I'm doing the same project to control the motor.
I'm using an encodere to try it.
It helped me a lot!
Thank you very much for checking out the video and I am glad that it helped you 👏🏻👍🏻
Where to connect the switch and battery? Because it differs from the circuit diagram you gave in description
The circuit diagram is correct . Please follow it and also video step 👍🏻👏🏻
If we supply power to Arduino via USB cable but not the L298N, will it still work..?
Yea it will work . However you need to make sure the gnd of l298n is connected to Arduino .
@@hashincludeelectronics Thanks for the quick reply, but unfortunately my robot isn't working 🥺. The IR Sensors are also calibrated, their LED glows when they are in front of white color, and don't when the white color isn't there.
Will this work if i use a black sellotape to make the line on a gray colored floor?
It might work but you will have to calibrate the sensor accordingly. For better response please use white floor only 👍🏻
hi good day, thank you for this wonderful video tutorial!!
We did everything you did in this video but our robot is not following line, it just keep on spinning around, maybe because one of the wheels is not working properly (but we already changed it but still nothing) also im using 9v battery, maybe this battery voltage is not enough.
can u help me?
everything is working if i move the wheel forward but i was only temporary
Please use rechargeable battery only . Don’t use that 9v non rechargeable battery 👍🏻👏🏻
hey mate is it working now? iam also making this project but it is not working i don't know why.. can you help..
Hi, I have a issue is one of my wheel moving forward and another one is moving backward, if on the blackline, the both wheels seems to be change the direction too😢😢
Interchange the polarity of wires of one motor connected to L298N driver which is rotating in wrong direction 👍🏻👏🏻
do you mean change to another wire?
@@hashincludeelectronics
You have make a great stuff. Can i slow down the motor from 180? if can i will compose message for you.
Thanks you 👍🏻. Yes you can slow down the speed if needed .
is it ok if I use LiPo Rechargeable Battery 7.4V 2800mAh 25C?
Yes that would work 👍🏻👏🏻
Thankyou so much.
Welcome!
Hi if we use power bank instead of battery will the robot move
It needs 7-12 V battery supply . Is your power bank able to provide this voltage ? Then yes you can use it 👍🏻👏🏻
What is the power of the motor ?
It’s simple dc tt gear motors and does not have much power . What’s the application ?
My query is can this robot travel in an unclosed loop (i.e. a curvy line ) and stops at end point
Yes it can .
Our robot stops when it reaches the black line instead of following it. How do we make it follow the line?
muchas gracias bro... me re sirvio
Thank you very much for checking out the video 👍🏻
can we convert the code you have provided for a robot that uses esp32 microcontroller ? if so what changes should we make in the code ?
It will be different project . You will have to change pins . And also code will change a lot to use esp32 analog write 👏🏻👍🏻.
@@hashincludeelectronics could you give us some resources if you have any for how to use esp32 analog write in the code ?
@@sharanyaanil1512 there are many of my videos related to RC cars using esp32 . You can check any of those videos for reference 👍🏻👏🏻
can l293d driver will work in the setup
No. You need to use L298N driver in this project .
may i ask the background must be white?? Because I only have wooden table. If yes, which line of the code have to change?? Thanks😁😁
Yes you need white floor for this project 👍🏻👏🏻
Do we need male-to-male jumper wires or?
You can use any kind of wires as suitable .
Please,could you tell what major to study for doing this kind of projects.please,tell me, I am about to my major in university.
U may Watch this
th-cam.com/video/EJIZY2ukn1Y/w-d-xo.html
Hey. What is the enableRightmotor and enableLeftmotor?
Why are they necessary?
Those are to control the speed of the motors . Check for L298N driver for more details . There is a video as well on my channel 👍🏻
@@hashincludeelectronics so to move the right motor forward, what pin do we give power to?
Hey there i am using 2 18650 3.7v batteries and the speed it is moving with is just very fast and i m unable to control it what do i do?
You can change motor speed in the code 👍🏻👏🏻
Sir, when I turn on the switch my motors are always running in forward direction even when I bring one sensor on black path at low speed
I thought I'm the only one
hi, in what program you made arduino scheme? thank you
It’s fritzing
Thanks for you're great video!
it was very clear. i followed all steps and everything worked except motor? how can i fix it?
Please make sure you use only rechargeable battery . This solves lot of issues 👍🏻
Can we simply use 3.7 *2 batteries
Like used in rc car
I am trying to make a train using this
Yes we can use .
Thank you
hello sir, thanks for sharing your project
i would like to ask if this works with arduino uno r3
Thanks for checking out the video 👍🏻 yes I used the same module
@@hashincludeelectronics thank you!!!
hey can you suggest a frequency for 11.8v lipo battery pls
Is it running too fast ? Then please slow down the speed in the code . Check MAX_MOTOR_SPEED . 👍🏻👏🏻
@@hashincludeelectronics thanks
@@MrBizarre6000 no problem 👍🏻👏🏻
Bro, how did you say that when the two IR sensors read low the black line is not detected. Notice that the IR sensor reads 0 when it detects blackline because black absorbs the ray from the transmitter, and it reads 1 when the black line is not detected because the infrared ray from the transmitter is reflected on the receiver. So, can you kindly explain to me why did you that if it reads low then the black line is not detected? because I am confused with that and I do not know if I am wrong or not. Thanks in advance.
Sure . The sensors digital output is LOW when it does not detect black line . Sensors digital output is HIGH when it detects black line. Hope it’s clear now. About the light or ray absorption you are right . But I am talking about digital output from sensor which goes LOW or HIGH.
The Indian link for Arduino uno is not available rn, Can u please provide the link which is compatible with this model?
Try this amzn.to/49nnyG0
Will it work with the model...as it is not ATmega328??
@@akanksharai8710 yes it will 👍🏻
Thank you 🎉
In my project...wheels are not taking left or reoght turn...its just going in forward direction
Please check video again for any missing step . Also use only rechargeable battery 👍🏻👏🏻
Please help me out I can understand which jumper wires are required. Can you tell there name.please
You can use regular jumper wires 👍🏻👏🏻
Thank you Sir
Welcome 🙏
heyy which board we want to select??
Arduino Uno .
excellent video, you know if it would work the same if I put a 9v battery directly to the power plug
Yes but use only rechargeable battery
Amazing video dear and good explanation. I followed each and every step as you explained and also used rechargeable battery motors are not working sensors are ok. Please guide
Please check for any loose connection. Also calibrate the IR sensor 👍🏻👏🏻