And it also give the explanation why 8nm transistors a the smallest possible to build transistors if we build them smaller the quantum tunneling would "break" them and they wouldn't change the state
shows how research that might not seem "useful" could potentially be do in the future. and we have to thank those people who do the research out of PURE PASSION for the subjects
@@Safwan.Hossain Exactly. It is so annoying when people are like 'that money could've been used somewhere else' or 'they should rather work on curing cancer' blah blah. As if that's how simple research is! It works in very unexpected ways over time..
I’m an engineer, I’ve already studied all these things in the master and I have two comments: 1. Having these videos available at that time would have been great, I spent a lot of mental effort understanding such deep concepts, and here I see them so well (maybe also because I already know them); 2. Love the passion that is behind the creators of these video, you give a small bite of the toughness of engineering to everyone. Thank you for everything! Please continue.
That's maybe 😃 because we learn things much better by watching videos without any further efforts on the other hand understanding these complex concepts in books are boring and difficult.
Dude. The way he explained tunneling between the gate and electron channel. That's some straight up spooky physics. Such a good visual was done here. I already knew how it worked but seeing it explained. I'm pretty sure this is a simulation now. Lol
Leonard Putra ,, 🤪dude even “quantum mechanics” and “quantum physics” and “quantum chemistry” and “quantum dimensions” are working in your body and also in everything that you can see and you can not see in this universe and also in the others universes around ours🤫....believe it or not!!! the quantum world is just the tip of the iceberg🤣🤣🤣
Actually the most used is chlorophyll. It's a device not different from this, with the difference that we don't know yet how to build it for ourselves.
When you know The "quantum effect" the thing that is even hard to believe is already been implemented by scientists and part of everyone's day to day life
I had to pause and breathe a little, come down from such a rush. I have never imagined I would witness something like this. I am writing this having seen only 5:18 s. Such a wonderful time to be alive. Thank you Branch Education!!!
@@10highsky Yeah but we developed this stuff in mere decades and nature took several millions of years to get certain stuff done. That's like finishing college in a century.
@@DrsJacksonn you're saying this is the same as nature ? the mechanics in natural organisms are extremely more complex especially depending on organism to organism but regardless even if you talk about something simple as an egg or plant which grows in a short matter of time is still vastly incredible and complex which we still forget about just as easily
Normally I'm not that kind of fan of any youtube channel. But after watching this video, I can tell you that I'll never unsubscribe this one. Thank you so much
What an awesome educational video, and the narrator's voice is sublime. Scientists and engineers are the real stars in life, not sports people and actors. They have given us so much and with such little recognition.
Well at first they take a waver and get a silicone layer over the oxid(dielectric) layer than they put on a layer of Nitrat and one of uv activeted paint afterwards they shine uv light though a mask in a projector (here they get it small) now cleaning and etch away that isn't covert be activated paint down to the oxide and cover it with heat it so a the gate oxide can Form out of the silicone and add new oxide than they polish till they reach the nitrate and again etching away but at first the nitrate than they set the hight of the on top laying oxide with more etching after that they put on paint and activating it on wanted parts and clean it than doting the silicon with p ions than clean the paint new paint and again uv light cleaning and doting but with boron inons cleaning heating for gateoxide putting on a layer of polysilicon than paint uv light and etching adding nitrate etching than oxide paint doting drain and source after that more layering of oxide and nitrate(with sertan conditions) and aching to the darin and source to add a small layer titan Nitrat to secure the doting after that adding tungsten on top polishit down so only the etched holes are filled with tungsten and than they start to put on oxide paint uv light titan nitrate and then they add copper and again and again up to 10 layers with copper
For any structure that is less than the wavelength of light (e.g uv light is 300 nm), u need to use something called electron beam lithography ( use electrons instead of light due to their even smaller wavelength). This is implemented routinely in labs everywhere.
and usually we complains when we make a photo in hd with hdr activated and filters ... and it takes 100 milliseconds to show it to you on your oled screen, which has another process as complex as this one.🤯
WOW.... JUST WOW. I could totally understand how some people might call this magic. The complexity and layering of the systems is astounding, and that only makes me more curious to figure out how everything is connected. This channel gives me that clarity to see things better, to connect the dots and see things into perspective. Amazing work!
This really blow my mind 🤯🤩 Now i understand how the same dimensions of a memory card can be variable in different capacities Thanks for your efforts You make understanding nanotechnology so easy Great job 👍👌
I am in complete awe. So many years studying physics and it didn't bother them explaining me one everyday usage of quantum mechanics. Amazing! That thin barrier acts on the thin line of the quantum and macroscopic world. Just the right width; a little less and its a cloud of propability, a little more and it's a concrete wall. Amazing stuff!
Wow....... This is absolutely mind-blowing. At around the 4-minute mark my jaw literally dropped and stayed that way for the rest of the video. I never realized quantum mechanics played the role that they do in something as routine as writing to flash memory; the fact that people have figured out how to control such a phenomenon to such a precise degree is incredible. Awesome video, and I like the director's commentary lol.
In my speech class they taught us that this is a bad way too end one's speech. Could've been better if the speaker just summarized quickly what they talked about and restated their main point of presentation.
I really want to thank you! I am currently writing a seminar work for school, chose Hard Drives and Solid state drives as my topic and wanted to have my main emphasis on quantum tunneling and the precise way flash drives work. Your videos really are explained in an amazing way! It's easy to understand, and shown in great detail. Helped me out a lot!
Wow!!!!! I have been in computer sciences since 1972 as a programmer. Being retired for 12 years, this is absolutely amazing! Never would I expect this form of mass storage.
I learned about this stuff during my Sophomore year, it's so cool to see someone making videos explaining it to a broader audience. Keep up the awesome work!
Some information seems missing: ~ This shows how to bring electrons into the charge trap, but what about making them leave? ~ If turning the gate on reading the threshold voltage, doesn't reading the threshold voltage also write a value? ~ This shows how to write zero or one, but not how to write 8 levels. If you hold the gate, does it increase over time? Or, do you just use a different voltage to target different 3-bit values. Does the SSD clear the bit before writing every time?
1) A negative potential is applied on the gate so that the electron cloud is repelled. This makes them leave the charge trap. 2)The applied voltage must have been less than the threshold voltage(I am not 100% sure on this though). 3)The 8 states can be represented using the level of electron cloud in a charge trap. It would be 000 for a completely empty charge trap, and 111 for a completely filled charge trap. Imagine a water bottle having a capacity of 800mL. 0mL would represent 000. 100mL would represent 001, 200mL would represent 010 and so on. And finally, 800mL would represent 111. That's how it works.
I have always wanted to be a computer engineer but my parents forced me to study medicine instead. This is a 100x more interesting to me than what I am currently reading right now. Awesome content!
To be clear, the same tech is used in productive computing and all sorts of storage. They just talk about smartphones to attract the attention of a broad consumer audience.
I work in the field of electronics and this video blew my mind. Not the quantum mechanics part, but the part that you can store three bits by different voltage levels in the charge trap.
This was puzzling me after watching your first video. Thanks for covering this part. Problem is now I'm intrigued to know how these super small structures are manufactured
Lol...with stencils, a UV light and resin. Basically, it's the same process as etching designs on a piece of metal, with a stencil, resin, a UV light, and acid. Except, in this case an extremely detailed and expensive stencil, called a mask, is used.
I am amazed by the detail of explanation and animation perfection in these videos. I saw two videos and instantly subscribed. This content is easier to understand information than universities provide on such topic.
I work on embedded systems which use these memories..but I have never understood these complicated construction until i came across this awesome video with fantastic explanation and animation.. thanks to the creators
Took 100 years to make this applicable. I wish those people could have seen, what nowdays is done with their scientific advancements. Also, this explanation is very easy to follow. Thanks for making this :)
You try to render so many complicated 3D objects as a TH-camr. Ex: Cinema 4D I'm sure movie studios can handle rendering things like that but I doubt this account would have the budget for something like that.
@@Fr0stBite5055 nah you can render something of this detail dead easy with tech from 10 to 15 years ago - the real accomplishment is that it's still an amazing video regardless
I can't really find the right words to express how I feel after a watch, but if I had to guess, I'd say fulfilled and thankfull. It's been a while since I calmly enjoyed this much a video on internet, thanks a lot
Afaik when the data is erased not all electrons go back. Some stay trapped. Over time so many get stuck that at some point you can't tell for sure if it is empty or full.
reading data involves measuring voltage. and 3bit cells have 8 different levels of voltage in a range. as electrons get trapped, the range narrows until the levels become indistinguishable.
Subbed, I took some time to understand even with the spoon feeding graphics but the fact that the audio and subtitles were glancing over different linked information is amazing. Very detailed videos.
you know, 8 hours of work at minium wage anyone can have technology this high quality is amazing, in the past people worked for longer than now for common items such as clothing.
@S well, I guess I should have put more thought into the implications of what I were typing, but I guess that's true too. Asians are pretty good as well though, they do pretty good when it comes to acting civilized.
This video was fantastic! I really appreciate that you listed your sources, because it makes the video a lot more credible. I might check out the books/papers at some point.
Yeah I'm stunned by the amount of information packed within this video, almost parallel to what you're talking about, a bunch of things combined and put well together to present what our reality is. Nicely done.
I could never see how flash memory could store so much information in such a small space if it used the technology of RAM and your tutorial has shown me it is nothing like RAM. This is mind-blowing. I now need to see how they can manufacture an array, 100 layers deep x 40,000 by 50,000. Awesome stuff! Subbed.
The technology is almost exactly like RAM. SRAM is probably different. That RAM is fast and can use a decent amount of power. However slower RAM is more like an array of capacitors yet still fairly fast. This is basically capacitors that is optimized for huge arrays which limit speed to a degree. However the architecture can allow it to be fast via parallel work. It does not need a tape/rotary head which forces a fast serial notion. This can make it more efficient also. Serial notions are easier and can work well for certain things however they have a few drawbacks. Most systems resist change and faster changes more so. Memory is basically a capacitor. Lot of things are basically capacitors. Energy tends to follow a pattern.
@@davidthacher1397 I was referring to the fact that RAM requires a voltage to maintain the charge, whilst Flash Memory doesn't. It's also significantly more expensive with a lower packing density. You won't be getting 256GB of RAM for under 50 bucks.
Thanks for explaning how cells could be written to or erased ! I'll be waiting for how the bitlines & control gates works ! Thanks for the subtitles, it helps a ton to understand on a second listening. Most likely the best video series I've watched so far... freaking amazing !
Interesting use of subtitles as sidenotes. Though I think deaf might disagree. Edit: Ah, I see there's also regular subtitles. Nice use of alternative English subtitle streams ;)
Blows your mind while imagining how these scientists developed these high tech Electronics over the years and also how the creators of this video spent their time making these animations.
Definitely go check out Ben Eaters video series: building an 8-bit breadboard computer. He there assembles a simple but complete Computer from the ground up, meaning from basically transistors. I think it's the most efficient and also most pleasant way of developing an understanding of how computers work!
We live in a simulation and the memory in our phones works by manipulating the physics engine and bugging it out so it miscalculated the position of electrons
With the paper references and other online reference, this tutorial just seems like a well explained research paper, leaving clues for viewer to further explore and dive into the concepts!!
""Does the controller chip 'refresh' the data when you're not reading or writing it to keep it uncorrupted, or do you have to copy it ALL every 8-10 years? I guess there's also correction mechanisms in place in case some bits get corrupted...""
Friend of mine learned this the very hard way, he put a magnet on top of his laptop, unfortunately on the very top of his SSD. The laptop went nuts lol. They had to replace the SSD.
Included with quantum mechanics on your smartphone is the ability to watch a sunset on Mars with access to the world's information that can fit in your pocket.
The precision level on these NAND cells is mind blowing. Plus they're reliable, cheap enough, shock resistant, magnetic resistant(?) and take a fraction of the space of a spinning HDD. :O You guys are doing an incredible job in your videos.
why not use punchole cards again, they won't ever get corrupted and they can be edited easily, or for example vhs tapes for storing things in binary, that would last really long too
@/science r/woooosh (I'm pretty sure this is a joke) I'm going to try working out how long the punched card would be though "This IBM card format, introduced in 1928,[47] has rectangular holes, 80 columns, and 12 rows. Card size is exactly 7 3⁄8 by 3 1⁄4 inches (187.325 mm × 82.55 mm)." 80 * 12 = 960 bits, 960 bits / 8 bits = 120 bytes per card 64GB (not even that big for a phone nowadays) * 1024 * 1024* 1024 = 68,719,476,736 bytes, 68,719,476,736 bytes / 120 bytes = 572662306.133 cards, 572662306.133 * 187.325 mm = about 107,273,966,000mm, 107,273,966m, 107,274km, the circumference of the earth is 40,075 km so it stretches around 107,274km / 40,075 km = about 2.68 TL;DR If you had 64GB of data on punched cards and laid them out it would stretch around the Earth 2.68 times
Lmao, I'm just imagining when you want to show a photo you pull out a suitcase full punch cards, drop them in a reader and saying "All right, let's return in a few hours once my photo loads!"
What I find amazing is that a photo, text message or document probably being saved or stored in multiple cells in many layers, would need it's own unique identifier to help the CPU or the chip which would retrieve this information pull out each and every bit located in the different cells needed to make the text message or photo. Because if you have millions (well billions nowadays) of bits making up one photo for example located in many cells, you're going to need an extremely reliable way of being able to find all the bits in each cell needed to make said photo I mean of course the phone does this without us thinking about it
Amazing job, accurate explanation, stunning animation, simply amazing job.
Agreed my friend. My mind is over blown beyond repair. Jk.
And it also give the explanation why 8nm transistors a the smallest possible to build transistors if we build them smaller the quantum tunneling would "break" them and they wouldn't change the state
I approve this
It's hard to imagine the effort that went into making this video. It's beautiful. You guys are amazing
Amazing that these quantum equations were developed in 1920. That's 100 years ago, also almost 50 years before computers.
Amazing video
shows how research that might not seem "useful" could potentially be do in the future. and we have to thank those people who do the research out of PURE PASSION for the subjects
@@Safwan.Hossain yes exactly
Also, just to make it more interesting, we do not yet understand Quantum Mechanics entirely.
People call Charles Babbage the father of computers. From the 19th century.
@@Safwan.Hossain Exactly. It is so annoying when people are like 'that money could've been used somewhere else' or 'they should rather work on curing cancer' blah blah. As if that's how simple research is!
It works in very unexpected ways over time..
I’m an engineer, I’ve already studied all these things in the master and I have two comments:
1. Having these videos available at that time would have been great, I spent a lot of mental effort understanding such deep concepts, and here I see them so well (maybe also because I already know them);
2. Love the passion that is behind the creators of these video, you give a small bite of the toughness of engineering to everyone. Thank you for everything! Please continue.
That's maybe 😃 because we learn things much better by watching videos without any further efforts on the other hand understanding these complex concepts in books are boring and difficult.
This is the most interesting thing I have ever learned.
You should be an electrical engineer
Dude. The way he explained tunneling between the gate and electron channel. That's some straight up spooky physics. Such a good visual was done here. I already knew how it worked but seeing it explained. I'm pretty sure this is a simulation now. Lol
I am actually exited again to become a eletrical engineer
This is the most interesting thing I didnt understood.
If you found this so fascinating that you would like to study this, consider doing physics at University
Amazing!! Awesome illustrations and mind boggling to imagine that we humans created this .
No. Machine create this
@@freemasonry666 no humans did
@@Abraham-lx8tchumans made the machines and the machines created this. so basically, your right but technically your not right
So this means that flash memory might probably be the most used "quantum mechanics" device in the world?
Leonard Putra ,, 🤪dude even “quantum mechanics” and “quantum physics” and “quantum chemistry” and “quantum dimensions” are working in your body and also in everything that you can see and you can not see in this universe and also in the others universes around ours🤫....believe it or not!!! the quantum world is just the tip of the iceberg🤣🤣🤣
@@eddw123 no it's a molecule of the iceberg
Actually the most used is chlorophyll. It's a device not different from this, with the difference that we don't know yet how to build it for ourselves.
Probably...
it is a possibility... or not... at the same time... you know, quantics.
I'm still confused why people still identify the future with flying cars.
And now I really wonder how the engineer make this thing ???
👏👏👏👏👏👏 you are 100% right!
Lithography
yeah, this is much more impressive than flying cars.
Also, we have flying cars. They're called helicopters.
Flying cars are for billionaires, ordinary mortals happy with smartphones
@@eggyrepublic there is an actual vtol car but it's impractical
When you know The "quantum effect" the thing that is even hard to believe is already been implemented by scientists and part of everyone's day to day life
We have to thank scientist. They are not a scientist, they are GOD
True
and marketing departement love to make it as a selling point
I guess alien has already invade earth
@@prabusentertainmentvlog6152 they are very smart scientists, not God
I really love the way the narrator speaks and everything looks so easy to understand and the sound is very soothing.
It's just incredible how well written and animated these series are. I can hardly believe it. Thank you so much!
I have to say, the technique of having a second layer of explanatory detail in the subtitles was straight up brilliant
So much engineering so I can use a primitive impulse to watch lewds
You are everywhere
Yeah pretty much
Holy crap, here I thought you disappeared.
By "watch lewds" do you mean "draw Pikachu slapping his own ass"?
mood
I had to pause and breathe a little, come down from such a rush. I have never imagined I would witness something like this. I am writing this having seen only 5:18 s. Such a wonderful time to be alive. Thank you Branch Education!!!
You'd forget how miraculously advanced technology is that most people walk around with in their pockets.
If this is miraculous what about the environment around us that's been around for ages and is highly more complex
@@10highsky Yeah but we developed this stuff in mere decades and nature took several millions of years to get certain stuff done. That's like finishing college in a century.
@@DrsJacksonn you're saying this is the same as nature ? the mechanics in natural organisms are extremely more complex especially depending on organism to organism but regardless even if you talk about something simple as an egg or plant which grows in a short matter of time is still vastly incredible and complex which we still forget about just as easily
@@10highsky But eggs are stupid doe
@@DrsJacksonn fair point
Normally I'm not that kind of fan of any youtube channel. But after watching this video, I can tell you that I'll never unsubscribe this one.
Thank you so much
What an awesome educational video, and the narrator's voice is sublime. Scientists and engineers are the real stars in life, not sports people and actors. They have given us so much and with such little recognition.
there is one more important thing we should learn. How do they manufacture these nm scale structures ?
Lasers that are focused with a lens, like a high tech magnifying glass you hold out in the sun light, or at least that’s how silicone chips are made
@@Nickknows00 well.. extreem UV lamps
Well at first they take a waver and get a silicone layer over the oxid(dielectric) layer than they put on a layer of Nitrat and one of uv activeted paint afterwards they shine uv light though a mask in a projector (here they get it small) now cleaning and etch away that isn't covert be activated paint down to the oxide and cover it with heat it so a the gate oxide can Form out of the silicone and add new oxide than they polish till they reach the nitrate and again etching away but at first the nitrate than they set the hight of the on top laying oxide with more etching after that they put on paint and activating it on wanted parts and clean it than doting the silicon with p ions than clean the paint new paint and again uv light cleaning and doting but with boron inons cleaning heating for gateoxide putting on a layer of polysilicon than paint uv light and etching adding nitrate etching than oxide paint doting drain and source after that more layering of oxide and nitrate(with sertan conditions) and aching to the darin and source to add a small layer titan Nitrat to secure the doting after that adding tungsten on top polishit down so only the etched holes are filled with tungsten and than they start to put on oxide paint uv light titan nitrate and then they add copper and again and again up to 10 layers with copper
For any structure that is less than the wavelength of light (e.g uv light is 300 nm), u need to use something called electron beam lithography ( use electrons instead of light due to their even smaller wavelength). This is implemented routinely in labs everywhere.
@@quantumpolariton122 nice addition
and usually we complains when we make a photo in hd with hdr activated and filters ... and it takes 100 milliseconds to show it to you on your oled screen, which has another process as complex as this one.🤯
It kinda sucks how there are so many great people out there with genius minds that nobody will remember ever
like me
@@oddzzyy5649 what makes you a genius??
Andrew Onuh he won’t respond you know
@@andrewonuh317 because yes
@@oddzzyy5649 😂😂
Who would imagine that it actually works in that way 🤯 mind blowing for me
WOW.... JUST WOW. I could totally understand how some people might call this magic. The complexity and layering of the systems is astounding, and that only makes me more curious to figure out how everything is connected. This channel gives me that clarity to see things better, to connect the dots and see things into perspective. Amazing work!
It's vivid visible electric lecture i've ever seen.
ITS SO AWEEEEESOME THAT EXPLAIN COMPLEX THING IN IMAGE AND VIDEO!
the animation does an excellent job of illustrating an insanely complex, crazy math+physics heavy topic at a level where even I can understand it.
This really blow my mind 🤯🤩
Now i understand how the same dimensions of a memory card can be variable in different capacities
Thanks for your efforts
You make understanding nanotechnology so easy
Great job 👍👌
I am in complete awe. So many years studying physics and it didn't bother them explaining me one everyday usage of quantum mechanics. Amazing! That thin barrier acts on the thin line of the quantum and macroscopic world. Just the right width; a little less and its a cloud of propability, a little more and it's a concrete wall. Amazing stuff!
Good explanation most people take human innovation for granted.
Wow....... This is absolutely mind-blowing. At around the 4-minute mark my jaw literally dropped and stayed that way for the rest of the video. I never realized quantum mechanics played the role that they do in something as routine as writing to flash memory; the fact that people have figured out how to control such a phenomenon to such a precise degree is incredible. Awesome video, and I like the director's commentary lol.
“And that’s it!” Is the best ending to a science video I’ve ever heard.
In my speech class they taught us that this is a bad way too end one's speech. Could've been better if the speaker just summarized quickly what they talked about and restated their main point of presentation.
@@stanislavsynytsia6592 good thing we're not in speech class then
@@nefm😂
I really want to thank you! I am currently writing a seminar work for school, chose Hard Drives and Solid state drives as my topic and wanted to have my main emphasis on quantum tunneling and the precise way flash drives work. Your videos really are explained in an amazing way! It's easy to understand, and shown in great detail. Helped me out a lot!
These Animations are just incredible good. Thank you
Wow!!!!! I have been in computer sciences since 1972 as a programmer. Being retired for 12 years, this is absolutely amazing! Never would I expect this form of mass storage.
I learned about this stuff during my Sophomore year, it's so cool to see someone making videos explaining it to a broader audience. Keep up the awesome work!
This makes me appreciate technoligy so much. What we use everyday and always take for granted has such complicated engineering to it
Man that piece of paper is T H I C C
Education is in TH-cam videos lies this and not in class rooms. This is very impressive.
Some information seems missing:
~ This shows how to bring electrons into the charge trap, but what about making them leave?
~ If turning the gate on reading the threshold voltage, doesn't reading the threshold voltage also write a value?
~ This shows how to write zero or one, but not how to write 8 levels. If you hold the gate, does it increase over time? Or, do you just use a different voltage to target different 3-bit values. Does the SSD clear the bit before writing every time?
1) A negative potential is applied on the gate so that the electron cloud is repelled. This makes them leave the charge trap.
2)The applied voltage must have been less than the threshold voltage(I am not 100% sure on this though).
3)The 8 states can be represented using the level of electron cloud in a charge trap. It would be 000 for a completely empty charge trap, and 111 for a completely filled charge trap.
Imagine a water bottle having a capacity of 800mL. 0mL would represent 000. 100mL would represent 001, 200mL would represent 010 and so on. And finally, 800mL would represent 111. That's how it works.
This is one of the most amazing videos I have ever seen.
This is just mind blowing. Didn't knew my phone was so amazing and used fcking QUANTUM MECHANICS !
I clicked this not expecting much when it showed on my recommendations but I was hanging onto every word until the end. Kudos!
I have always wanted to be a computer engineer but my parents forced me to study medicine instead. This is a 100x more interesting to me than what I am currently reading right now.
Awesome content!
I think one future breakthrough will come from a medical doctor who is also familiar with microchips and semiconductors devices.
Your parents' decision is a bad one lol engineering is the superior one
No one ever explained the Tunneling effect so accurately....Hattsoff Thankyou
All that work, and just so I can play candy crush and watch tik tok for 8 hours a day....... I need to rethink some things
No, it's not just so you can do those things. Those are options available via that, highly dumb ones, but it's not made for those. You're an idiot.
Ok normie.
To be clear, the same tech is used in productive computing and all sorts of storage. They just talk about smartphones to attract the attention of a broad consumer audience.
Well you're the one using it this way, there are other options
kirollos halim millions use it this way, tiktok anyways
I work in the field of electronics and this video blew my mind. Not the quantum mechanics part, but the part that you can store three bits by different voltage levels in the charge trap.
This was puzzling me after watching your first video. Thanks for covering this part.
Problem is now I'm intrigued to know how these super small structures are manufactured
Lol...with stencils, a UV light and resin.
Basically, it's the same process as etching designs on a piece of metal, with a stencil, resin, a UV light, and acid.
Except, in this case an extremely detailed and expensive stencil, called a mask, is used.
It's actually a fairly old process. This was introduced in 2013
@@matsv201 I wouldn't call something from 2013 old lol. That was only 9 years ago.
I am amazed by the detail of explanation and animation perfection in these videos. I saw two videos and instantly subscribed. This content is easier to understand information than universities provide on such topic.
This is amazing how the engineers could pack such an incredible technologies for extremely low price.
Capitalism
Capitalism
Yup bro 👍
I work on embedded systems which use these memories..but I have never understood these complicated construction until i came across this awesome video with fantastic explanation and animation.. thanks to the creators
This video is amazingly well made! Back in school I would have loved to have educational materials like the videos on this channel.
Glad you enjoyed it!
Took 100 years to make this applicable.
I wish those people could have seen, what nowdays is done with their scientific advancements.
Also, this explanation is very easy to follow. Thanks for making this :)
All those who invented this smart phone should get nobel prize. This is the biggest invention of 21st century.
Jesus is calling you today. Come to him, repent from your sins, bear his cross and live the victorious life
I love that captions use US forthe transcription, but canadian for explain visuals and extra details. This channel is gold.
This video looks like it was made in the 90's, yet explaining something from the far future
The 00... when discovery channel and MTV was cought in a downward spiral comparing with relityshows.
You try to render so many complicated 3D objects as a TH-camr. Ex: Cinema 4D I'm sure movie studios can handle rendering things like that but I doubt this account would have the budget for something like that.
@@Fr0stBite5055 nah you can render something of this detail dead easy with tech from 10 to 15 years ago - the real accomplishment is that it's still an amazing video regardless
This is one of the most well designed videos on TH-cam. Straightforward explanations, complete with references in the description.
*"If you can't explain it to a six year old, you don't understand it yourself."*
- Albert Einstein
I'd love to see Einstein explaining special relativity to a six year old.
He was an old man, didn't he?
@@mardy3732 🤣🤣
@@mardy3732 well he could explain, but the child wouldn't be able to explain it to other six year old. :D
@@mardy3732 use visual aid
I can't really find the right words to express how I feel after a watch, but if I had to guess, I'd say fulfilled and thankfull. It's been a while since I calmly enjoyed this much a video on internet, thanks a lot
hey, why exactly those cells have a limited number of read/write cycles? what exactly happens with the cells?
Afaik when the data is erased not all electrons go back. Some stay trapped. Over time so many get stuck that at some point you can't tell for sure if it is empty or full.
Also the leak is the cause for data degradation/data decay
reading data involves measuring voltage. and 3bit cells have 8 different levels of voltage in a range. as electrons get trapped, the range narrows until the levels become indistinguishable.
@@PelicansPreston777 that's a great way to simplify it
I believe the tunneling can damage the dielectric, eventually to the point where the charge cannot be reliably stored or sensed.
Subbed, I took some time to understand even with the spoon feeding graphics but the fact that the audio and subtitles were glancing over different linked information is amazing. Very detailed videos.
you know, 8 hours of work at minium wage anyone can have technology this high quality is amazing, in the past people worked for longer than now for common items such as clothing.
No kidding, this is the best animation that I have ever seen on youtube. How can this be free to watch? Jesus...
Well, the imagine if the paradigm were that all information were free... and organized.
My professor: Probability of electron out of the box isn't zero
Me: That's why I hate quantum physics
Me watching this video: 😶
I'm astounded by the level of detail you go into
"Create and evolve" - that is the true meaning of our life's as a human beings.
unfortunately, that aspect of creativity and evolving is limited to some more than others.
@S well, I guess I should have put more thought into the implications of what I were typing, but I guess that's true too. Asians are pretty good as well though, they do pretty good when it comes to acting civilized.
This video was fantastic! I really appreciate that you listed your sources, because it makes the video a lot more credible. I might check out the books/papers at some point.
This makes me feel, humans have come a long way.😌
yet all the news talks about it "aNti-RayCiSm"
Yeah I'm stunned by the amount of information packed within this video, almost parallel to what you're talking about, a bunch of things combined and put well together to present what our reality is. Nicely done.
To whoever invented these technology.I can't thank you enough foryour contribution.Enabling me to save quite a collection of hd porn.
Lol😂😂😂
I'm dead 🥴
I could never see how flash memory could store so much information in such a small space if it used the technology of RAM and your tutorial has shown me it is nothing like RAM. This is mind-blowing. I now need to see how they can manufacture an array, 100 layers deep x 40,000 by 50,000. Awesome stuff! Subbed.
The technology is almost exactly like RAM. SRAM is probably different. That RAM is fast and can use a decent amount of power. However slower RAM is more like an array of capacitors yet still fairly fast. This is basically capacitors that is optimized for huge arrays which limit speed to a degree. However the architecture can allow it to be fast via parallel work. It does not need a tape/rotary head which forces a fast serial notion. This can make it more efficient also. Serial notions are easier and can work well for certain things however they have a few drawbacks. Most systems resist change and faster changes more so.
Memory is basically a capacitor. Lot of things are basically capacitors. Energy tends to follow a pattern.
@@davidthacher1397 I was referring to the fact that RAM requires a voltage to maintain the charge, whilst Flash Memory doesn't. It's also significantly more expensive with a lower packing density. You won't be getting 256GB of RAM for under 50 bucks.
Imagine your school books would have been replaced with video lectures like these.
Then I would have been prepared for all of my classes!
Also, imagine if students didn't have to pay 150+ per book and the videos were free
@@BranchEducation exactly, our education system is seriously outdated.
Thanks for explaning how cells could be written to or erased !
I'll be waiting for how the bitlines & control gates works !
Thanks for the subtitles, it helps a ton to understand on a second listening.
Most likely the best video series I've watched so far... freaking amazing !
I feel like I'm watching interstellar broadcast from aliens who decided to share their knowledge.
P.S. Intel Optane please!
www.techinsights.com/blog/intel-3d-xpoint-memory-die-removed-intel-optanetm-pcm-phase-change-memory
You singlehandedly sparked my passion for Electrical Engineering. To the point that I'm applying to university to study it next year.
Imagine going back to the 1970s and tell a scientist that you have a quantum computer in your pocket
this is absurdly awesome, these animations and narration make complex engineering sound understandable even for a hardware noob like myself.
All the hentai on my phone is stored in a sliver of infinity that makes paper look big? Alrighty then
I am so glad to be part of the microelectronics field. Currently doing my Phd in image sensors.
no, you don't wanna mess with "real science" which does not include publishing fake papers all over the internet and magazines.
@@25_26 I would love to see what you published? Plus, I woulk like to know what you do in life?
Interesting use of subtitles as sidenotes. Though I think deaf might disagree. Edit: Ah, I see there's also regular subtitles. Nice use of alternative English subtitle streams ;)
Blows your mind while imagining how these scientists developed these high tech Electronics over the years and also how the creators of this video spent their time making these animations.
I'm not saying you should watch this on acid with a 120" projector in a dark room, but like, Im not saying you shouldn't
Clean visuals, methodical speaking, perfect teaching. Wonderful video!
Hoping for "How Ram" & "Processor" works! :)
RAM uses flash/nand technology, pretty much the same as in this video (but how the big picture work is diff)
Definitely go check out Ben Eaters video series: building an 8-bit breadboard computer. He there assembles a simple but complete Computer from the ground up, meaning from basically transistors. I think it's the most efficient and also most pleasant way of developing an understanding of how computers work!
@@Vysair well ram dont use tunneling, also just one level. Also, as far as I know, they dont use barrel capacitors..
@@Vysair RAM doesn't use flash/nand wtf. RAM is completely different than any storage device
@@matsv201 I mean the core technology and yes it's only TLC.
science at it's peak - most intriguing content, thank you for teaching us what they don't teach at schools :)
We live in a simulation and the memory in our phones works by manipulating the physics engine and bugging it out so it miscalculated the position of electrons
With the paper references and other online reference, this tutorial just seems like a well explained research paper, leaving clues for viewer to further explore and dive into the concepts!!
I have a SSD from 2014, I'll use it until it gets messed up just to see this in practice
They'll last a long time as long as you don't write & read a lot. I also asked a related question about it in a comment here:
""Does the controller chip 'refresh' the data when you're not reading or writing it to keep it uncorrupted, or do you have to copy it ALL every 8-10 years? I guess there's also correction mechanisms in place in case some bits get corrupted...""
This is nuts! Quality and amount of information in one video is superb!
It’s nice to know that a strong enough positive charge would wipe my electronic devices 😇
Friend of mine learned this the very hard way, he put a magnet on top of his laptop, unfortunately on the very top of his SSD.
The laptop went nuts lol. They had to replace the SSD.
I didn't hear about magnets damaging an ssd before, are you sure it wasn't an hdd?
@@Mart-E12 hmmm i forgot and i'm not entirely sure, i do think it was hdd. Hdd are more prone to magnet failures
An emp would wipe an ssd drive a magnet mechanicaly damages a hdd
A cautionary tale to all those people sending positive vibes.
This is the best educational channel i have EVER SEEN!
Included with quantum mechanics on your smartphone is the ability to watch a sunset on Mars with access to the world's information that can fit in your pocket.
The fact that you can zoom in to the level of electrons is just outstanding, incredible effort!
I feel like I'm listening to a Thomas the Tank Engine narrator.
I thought it was George Carlin.
Fascinating. You take for granted how clever some people are that come up with such things.
"I'm speechless, I have no speech!"
The precision level on these NAND cells is mind blowing. Plus they're reliable, cheap enough, shock resistant, magnetic resistant(?) and take a fraction of the space of a spinning HDD. :O
You guys are doing an incredible job in your videos.
they would be disappointed when they found out im using these amazing technology to store overwatch lewd pictures
MY GOODNESS! THIS IS JUST SHOCKINGLY AMAZING! 🤩😲
This is something mind-blowing!!!!
why not use punchole cards again, they won't ever get corrupted and they can be edited easily, or for example vhs tapes for storing things in binary, that would last really long too
But it would take ages to read/write files, and those also require moving parts.
Or write it all out on paper
@/science r/woooosh (I'm pretty sure this is a joke)
I'm going to try working out how long the punched card would be though
"This IBM card format, introduced in 1928,[47] has rectangular holes, 80 columns, and 12 rows. Card size is exactly 7 3⁄8 by 3 1⁄4 inches (187.325 mm × 82.55 mm)."
80 * 12 = 960 bits, 960 bits / 8 bits = 120 bytes per card
64GB (not even that big for a phone nowadays) * 1024 * 1024* 1024 = 68,719,476,736 bytes, 68,719,476,736 bytes / 120 bytes = 572662306.133 cards, 572662306.133 * 187.325 mm = about 107,273,966,000mm, 107,273,966m, 107,274km, the circumference of the earth is 40,075 km so it stretches around 107,274km / 40,075 km = about 2.68
TL;DR If you had 64GB of data on punched cards and laid them out it would stretch around the Earth 2.68 times
Lmao, I'm just imagining when you want to show a photo you pull out a suitcase full punch cards, drop them in a reader and saying "All right, let's return in a few hours once my photo loads!"
The attention to detail that went into these visualizations is astounding.
Umm so why can we build something that is only 75 atoms thick on a massive scale but can’t take a photo of it so we can see the atoms?
What I find amazing is that a photo, text message or document probably being saved or stored in multiple cells in many layers, would need it's own unique identifier to help the CPU or the chip which would retrieve this information pull out each and every bit located in the different cells needed to make the text message or photo. Because if you have millions (well billions nowadays) of bits making up one photo for example located in many cells, you're going to need an extremely reliable way of being able to find all the bits in each cell needed to make said photo
I mean of course the phone does this without us thinking about it