I remember when Caelan hadn't even shown his face, now he's got a whole set for himself. My baby boy is becoming a man 🥲 Seriously, love how much you've grown the channel over the years. Keep up the good work.
David Livingstone died from dysentery and malaria on 1 May 1873, at the age of 60, in Chief Chitambo's Village in North Rhodesia (now Zambia). His heart is buried in Africa, under a Mvula tree (now the site of the Livingstone Memorial), but his remains are buried at Westminster Abbey.
I climbed Mt.Stanley with my girlfriend, now wife, back in 1982. I've just been through my collection of diaries and letters to confirm this. In the same century it was first climbed. This is a little more encouragement to produce something of my two years traveling in Africa then (and the rest). Thank you Atlas Pro, I appreciate your work.
This channel has been growing ever since. The fact he started showing his face might entail more in the future. For a geography nerd, this channel is a gold mine
The fact that the Mountains of the Moon existed after all when it seemed like an urban legend was quite the twist I didn't expect. Usually with these "guesses" of what the unknown is is usually wrong, and when Ptolemy pushed the theory of the Mountains of the Moon being the source of the Nile, I thought it would be like his Geocentric model.
@boy Afrika That's awesome. I really hope African history and African cultures will be more widely known around the world in the coming years thanks to African content creators. Maybe 10 years from now there will be R-Pop (Rwanda) that will be as big as K-Pop is today ;)
@@aaronmarks9366 Africa could be the most prosperous continent on the planet with its abundant land and natural resources. History is full of examples of people rising from the bottom to the top and vice versa.
Hey man, Im currently studying Geoscience in college along with a lot of biology/ecology modules and your videos have been fantastic at helping me with my work and for helping me learn more!
Have you ever thought about how amazing it is that people hundreds or even thousands of years ago drew such accurate maps of the world without satellite imagrie. Well, they had a few misses here and there but the shape of the continents and countries in maps closer to the modern era is really similar to what we can see on google earth.
Accuracy north-to-south has been good for a long time by using the stars. It was the east-west direction that caused the big problems. You need accurate time keeping over long times for good accuracy.
Caelan, you are an incredible story-teller. I'm always really impressed by how you script it all out, and the lesson of this video took me by surprise. I'm sharing this with the many faculty at my college interested in climate change. Thanks for your great work!
Lol! Please don’t ... it will be embarrassing. This guy gets a lot wrong... mostly about “climate change “, quite funny when he said”over 100 years of climate data” 😂... so funny. I encourage you to look into the weathering of the Sphinx ... climate changed all the time. Wake up! Or do you need a carbon tax? Haha
@@Napoleonic_S Claudius Ptolemaeus. The Ptolemy. It was a common Greek name and while he was probably Roman, he’s absolutely the one everyone thinks of when you hear it. The Ptolemaic Dynasty is completely separate thing that shares what at the time was a pretty common name. Much like Alexander is still a common name, we all instantly know The Alexander
I have to say, I know this is an old video, but it is still one of my absolute favorites of all time! This is my go to topic/story when I want to hook someone into talking about geography and history! Such a great channel, keep doing the amazing things, turning learning about our world and history into an engaging story!
15:10 he didn't claim it for Belgium and by extension himself, he claimed it for himself and by extension Belgium. It was only made actually Belgium's rather than simply his personal property a while later where even by the standards of the Belgians, who were probably the most brutal colonizers in the scramble for Africa, he was going too far and treating people too horribly. And honestly the fact that they had this line is in a way kind of worse than if they didn't. It's not just that they were so racist they convinced themselves Africans weren't even people, they just had so little care (or so much contempt) for these fellow human beings they were willing to treat them so brutally
He also used donations from humanitarian organizations that were supposedly being run to counter the East African slave trade around the Great Lakes to fund his expeditions in Africa in which natives were made to sign away their autonomy to him.
He almost made a purchased on the kingdom of Sarawak in Borneo. But luckily for the people there, the English king then, James Brooke who was the personal sovereign of the land has the foresight to ignore his offer.
Yep its like saying "Britain controlled the opium trade" is actually saying Queen Victoria got all the profits from getting China addicted to opium. History = 'HIS' story.Usually unrelated to 'the truth'!
@@ResistTheGreatReplacementEU to be honest "people killed by Stalin" estimates are often weird and exaggerated. Almost as if some people just count every person who died in USSR during 30-year Stalin rule due to any reason as "casualty of stalinist regime". This does nothing to highlight the real brutality of GULAG and nothing to honour memory of its real victims. Mostly used by people who want to blindly hate on USSR or excuse right-wing dictatorships by claiming left-wing dictatorships killed more. They want to prove their ideologies, not to learn what actually happened. There are also some tankies who just underestimate the number of victims, or excuse such brutality, like wtf. It is very hard to find objective estimates.
@@nathanahern2999 if we counted as a percentage of population probably many ancient/medieval rulers caused more deaths than 20th century ones. Only if we count numbers 20th century stands out, because the world population itself was much larger than before
@@KateeAngel No, Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward happened in the late 50’s and early 60’s which is after Hitler and Stalin. Here are the numbers: Mao Zedong- 78mil Genghis Khan- 40mil Stalin- 23mil Hitler- 17mil Léopold II- 15mil
Yo I absolutely loved this video. The topic, stories, info, and how you presented them were great. I think this is my favorite since your Ice Age series and that's saying something. I'd definitely enjoy more videos in this sort of style, with some more classic Atlas Pro style vids continuing as well. Great job and I loom forward to the next journey!
Nice addition to the quinine bit: they put it in a tonic at the time to make it more palatable, resulting in today's tonic water you can buy in the supermarket and mix with gin. Nowadays it still contains quinine.
Can we expect more island videos? Studying island biography and geography right now. I highly recommend researching Papua New Guinea, as it’s very interesting seeing how there is still much more to discover on the earth we live on. Anyways love the videos and good work! Keep it up!
Work at the national aviary I agree with the New Guinea statement The Victorian Crown Pidgins (or discount peacocks as I call them) are a perfect example of island gigantism and thats just tip of the iceburgh
I 100% agree! 😀 I am a history and geography nerd so to get both packed into one amazing story, and then add profesional and satisfying images (the way you do it) to get an good idea of what things look like, it all makes for one awesome video!
Here I thought I would watch a video about the Ethiopian Highlands and the Blue Nile for contributing with 85% of the Nile's water and 59% of Egypt's in particular.
I assume ancient egyotian and ethiopians knew about blue nile This is a discovery of white nile by the explorers .. they also made a mistake by thinking white nile makes more volume than the blue And they thought that white nile was the source and provided much more water
Honestly, whenever you upload, it automatically becomes a good day. I was really sad today but as soon as you uploaded, I became happy. This topic has always frustrated me as a geography nerd. Looking forward to seeing the video
Contributions to the Nile are from all over the area. In Burundi, for example, tourists are guided to the source of the Nile and there is no question about the fact that the water eventually will reach the Nile.
This is one of your best video's so far: imagining the thrill of seeing all these new area's on an undocumented continent together with the brilliant illustration of the way the climate is heading... just wow!
The earth was significantly warmer just a couple thousand years ago than it is today. Greenland used to be habitable and Vikings described Canada as warm.
I was wondering why you sound really like WonderWhy when reading that journal. Wow, it was really him. So it's you who summoned WonderWhy back for his latest video.
Great vid demonstrating the impact of global warming. I grew up in New Zealand and the same thing is happening to the glaciers there. Another photograhic source on the impacts of pollution has been the photos taken during the Covid pandemic, where clear blue skies from around the world where reported for the first time in some peoples living memory. The reason for the clear skies is mostly attributed to no car and truck movement. Unfortunately all those clear skies have gone again as we turned the engines back on.
Im very glad i came across your channel. You present your content in a very interesting and engaging manner, it is clear to see, you care about the stuff you're talkin about. And the sources check out. Big thumps up. But I would suggest u contact a voice coach.
Hey i also covered the time-lapse of east Africa on my channel if you dont mind checking it out i would really appreciate it so much th-cam.com/video/X3Zo22r_2T4/w-d-xo.html
I was super impressed by all the areas of biology you covered in "why there are no penguins in the arctic" but with the history that you covered about the subject in this you really have outdone yourself
Great video! Btw. I would never judge the explorers or European hunger for the riches of Africa according to the modern standards - but I totally agree that Leopold II. was truly notorious supervillain - so evil that even the most greedy colonizers and rulers of his time called him evil when it came out what was actually happening in Congo. I was kind of shocked when I read about him.
Also, Livingstone's black followers made an enormous effort to bring his body back to the UK so obviously they knew Stanley found him. There are even photos of them in the UK.
David Livingstone died from dysentery and malaria on 1 May 1873, at the age of 60, in Chief Chitambo's Village in North Rhodesia (now Zambia). His heart is buried in Africa, under a Mvula tree (now the site of the Livingstone Memorial), but his remains are buried at Westminster Abbey.
@@jamestang1227"black followers"? Where were the white followers? These were just native people and no, they didn't follow him around. Those were just guides and most had shit to do so couldn't embark on a whole journey with some dude from nowhere. Once they got him to the next village, they'd find him new guides.
This video was so touching in the end when you talked about and showed visuals of loosing glaciers in Africa. We always associate Africa with Sahara desert and then grassland and rain forests but never with ice capped mountains and glaciers. Though we were introduced to them in the first half of video but later hit hard when you talked about climate impacts. It kinda same feeling which we got seeing the penguin video. Something triggered deep in me (it’s way way better than climate change sumit speeches) 👏👏👏
This is exactly why the climate change crap should have been left out of this video. Glaciers on mountains in Africa are a small snapshot in time when looking at global climate...
great video! i really appreciate that you have come to actively recognize and criticize colonization-if i recall correctly in one of you previous videos you literally said that the US took its current form once all the land had been "claimed by someone," completely erasing the countless indigenous nations and the wars and genocide employed to overtake the land-I'm glad that in this video you made it clear that the "golden age of exploration in africa" was colonization and exploitation as much as it was exploration. My one criticism for this video is with your phrasing "scientific records"-science can be described as a process by which hypotheses are tested to determine information. Indigenous people may not have been keeping paper records, or practicing cartography on paper, but that doesn't mean indigenous people did not practice science or have cartographic information, just that their data and record-keeping methods were not known or were incompatible with European methods of cartography and record-keeping, forcing them to collect their data themselves. in any case, great visuals, great script, and great message overall-keep up the good work!
amazing video! would love to see more videos like this containing the other 90% of information you found about this topic that didn't make it in this one. I also really liked the setup for this video, you sitting behind a desk/table really made it feel like you were a teacher and all of us your students :)
The loss of glacial mass on the mountains of Africa is tied to decreased precipitation not an increase in temperature. It’s possible the decrease in precipitation is tied to anthropogenically induced climate change or it’s variability in multi-decadal oscillations that drive changes in the monsoon. I am an atmospheric scientist and can forward you some journal articles on the topic.
Right I need to correct you on a mistake you have in this video. The Congo was never under Belgium control, it was the exclusive "property" of Leopold, and it was in fact the Belgium government that put an end to his cruelty.
Great vid. One point though: you chose a picture of Robert Baden-Powell (who was British and founded the boy scouts) instead of Frederick Russell Burnham (an American) ;)
Have enjoyed your content for quite a while, but you have stepped it up a notch. The production value and connections made are a joy to watch. Thanks for that! May beg you to pop in on my classes in Indonesia, I teach English in primary, but secondary levels need your passion! Sehat selalu.
C, this is, by far, the best video you’ve made all pandemic (even if you lost your voice part way through). It brings a critical, yet gentle, voice to the overwhelmingly western narrative of Africa in the last century, full of your signature factoids that make your maturing channel so interesting and watchable, culminating in a convoluted, sensical conclusion that kinda T-bones my train of thought. So yeah. Bump up the intensity of your message, even if you’re still formulating it half the time, and keep these kinds of videos coming.
Great video, but is it perhaps possible to make a video on how you get all these beautiful maps in your videos. Google provides decent maps, but the ones you produce are so much more detailed!
I don’t want to be that person but Atlas Pro you’re a very handsome man. Been subbed for like 2 years and I will admit I didn’t expect you to have such a handsome face. Your videos are also spot on. Love them
Thank you so much. I can't wait to travel to the source of the Nile and other Mountains in Africa. Greetings from Zimbabwe. P.S we are taught in school about Livingstone and his "discovery" of Victoria falls aka Mosi oa Tunya but we never got the part about his death. the origins of Stanley...in high school we just got his name and how Leopold killed 15 million Africans
5:10 As a Brazilian, I have the obligation of recognizing that one in particular (considering all the campaigns regarding the prevention of dengue fever, it would be dumb not to). It's Aedes aegypti.
First: Yes, I could see more of these kinds of videos! Second: Does the disappearing of the glaciers gonna have a large effect in the Nile or other rivers like the Kongo? Or is there enough rain to sustain them? Maybe some prediction reports.
I've seen so many videos about the source of the Nile I almost didn't watch it. But I love your videos so I did. And I didn't regret it. You had so much more interesting information about it than anything I've seen about it before. I like the longer videos. Hell I'd watch full documentaries if you made them. Thanks for making great videos. One of my favourite TH-cam channels by far!
by the present's time standards, Caelan IS a renowned explorer. he managed to explore the depths of the past explorers and brings us the knowledge, which is what an explorer is all about.
A fantastic video. What happens to the rivers when the mountains lose their snow? Are clouds still forming at the summit? Is it still raining up there?
Not much would happen to the rivers, actually. The absolute worst case scenario is that some relatively small rivers that go into lake Victoria would dry out, which would barely affect the Nile (especially since most of its water comes from Ethiopia anyways)
I don't know if you'll see this, but I wanted to leave a comment in case. A few months back in one of your first vids with your face (great improvement btw) you had a book subtly showcased on your shelf, The Swarm. I added it to my to-read list and I finally got to it and recently finished. I wanted to say thanks for the recommendation cause I loved that shit. Keep up the great videos
I just love you. I love the quality of the videos, i love your voice and entonation, i love the topics, i just love this channel so much. Really, thank you for putting thios much effort, i really enjoy your videos and look forward for them being posted. Also i like that you appear more on your videos, it gives them more of a personal touch, it's like seeing a painting tutorial vs a Bob Ross painting tutorial. Been following the channel for a while and it is yet to disappoint me. Great work, just needed to say that.
Why are so many climate denialists and racists in this comment section? I mean, what did they expect out of a channel that does actual geography/history? To conveniently _leave out_ the exploitation and the melting of glaciers? Those things are relevant parts of the conversation... Are comment sections of geography videos always like this? Or is this particular channel just really unlucky and keeps getting found by those people?
Because those people are particularly vocal when confronted with a problem that shakes the foundation of a core narrative they've built up. Which yeah, tends to be especially prevalent on "history" because they've got a worldview built up by many historical myths. And climate change being a whole, well, global problem really bothers people who prefer to think of it as just some "fake narrative pushed for control by some world elite" or "scientists who can't challenge the 'orthodoxy'". Which honestly is a far more pleasant thing to believe than, well, the truth.
It always amazed me to hear that European and American explorers reached far and remote places such as the deep mountainous regions of East Africa hundreds of years ago! 😱😳
This video was awesome, thanks for the great content! Question though: When the glaciers on the Rwenzori mountains all melt, what will happen to the Nile during the dry season? Is it just going to dry up, or are the lakes that the mountains feed now going to have enough water to sustain the river and themselves until it rains again?
I think a really cool video idea would be how the flooding of Beringia led to changes in ocean currents and species diversity. Iv tryd to look for other videos on this and couldn't find any and think you would make an amazing one on the topic
"Most of them weren't motivated by furthering the scope of human knowledge, but rather were being paid to lay the groundwork for centuries of exploitation and oppression." 1884 isn't yet two centuries old even today. European colonialism in Africa post-1884 didn't even last one century. This is a pretty extraordinary claim which is pretty casually tossed out there. Atlas Pro usually doesn't make mistakes of this caliber.
The Nile has two sources, we can't just talk abt just one source if we want to tell the whole story Abt the source of the Nile. - 86% the Nile's water originates from Ethiopian highlands and to give a large emphasis on the mentioned source of the Nile in this video which contributes only Abt 14% of the the Nile's water as the source is ridiculous !
I would LOVE more stories like this and I really appreciated your acknowledgement of colonial ickiness and indigenous knowledge. I'd love to know what the indigenous names for these places are! Keep up the good work (after you've rested your voice some of course)!
"Man I love me some Atlas Pro, I just learn cool geography facts and don't have to worry about world issues that give me anxiety" 'the earth's climate is changing' "Aw sheeeee-"
If there were more people like you who took an interest in geography maybe we'd have done more to mitigate the effects of climate change and we wouldn't have to worry about it quite so much.
Thanks for the educational video. Impressive visuals and I like the attention to detail by getting the WonderWhy guy to read Livingstone's letter with Scottish accent. Little details matter the most. Keep up the excellent work.
For anyone wondering why you can't just sail up the Nile or hike along its banks to find out where it goes, explorers from the ancient Egyptians to the Romans to the Victorians were prevented by the Sudd. The Sudd is a huge swamp in South Sudan that is hundreds of square miles and extremely difficult to sail or map because it is composed of huge floating islands made of naturally tangled weeds. Even today with modern technology it is said to be quite difficult to sail. The snakes, crocodiles, leeches, and insects make it impossible for non-indigenous people to hike. So anyone wanting to follow the Nile south of Sudan needs to go hundreds of miles out of their way to find where the Sudd ends and the Nile continues on its way to Lake Victoria. The late Victorians skipped it altogether by hiking into the interior from the east coast of Africa, well south of the Sudd.
Damn.. I've always been a geography buff but for some damn reason, at the age of 35, I just realized Africa is almost completely detached from all other continents/land masses - it's only connected through Egypt/the Levant/the Sinai Peninsula.. I guess it's so big, that never even occurred to me.. Wait.. And even that one single connection - that's where the Suez Canal is, isn't it? So Africa is _completely_ detached? Well, any day where you learn/realize something is definitely not a waste of a day. Africa and Patagonia are two places I definitely want to visit someday.
Great vid. I’ve always been fascinated by the stories of the great explorers. Probably the explorer who fascinated me the most was Richard Burton. As you mentioned many of their expeditions were financed for reasons which today we would consider morally dubious at best and downright horrendous at worst. Likewise the explorers themselves had varied motivations, including fame and riches but also in almost all cases an insatiable drive to do something no other known person had done.
The Romans also explored Africa searching for the Nile's source. They wanted to know the reason behind the annual floodings. Emperor Nero sent an expedition, which came back to Rome years later with a great tale...
![ลองสุ่มไอโฟน 990 โกงมั้ย? [ โกงมั้ยครับ ep.101 ] | DOM](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/bfsWe0j492k/mqdefault.jpg)
We already know James May was the one that found it though
True
With a Volvo estate 😅
Lol, that episode is the first thing i thought when I read the title.
Came here for this comment
I see there is a Top Gear lads meeting here
The fact that Diogenes was indeed right, and Ptolemy wasn't betrayed by believing his tale is truly heartwarming.
Finally someone who says “the fact that” and actually gives a complete thought afterwards. I must be dreaming
I remember when Caelan hadn't even shown his face, now he's got a whole set for himself. My baby boy is becoming a man 🥲
Seriously, love how much you've grown the channel over the years. Keep up the good work.
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Ikr
@@learnmaths3329 Ikr
Caelan is a cool name, too.
Yeah I subbed at 10,000... a week later he had over tripled his subs and now here he is at almost a million
David Livingstone died from dysentery and malaria on 1 May 1873, at the age of 60, in Chief Chitambo's Village in North Rhodesia (now Zambia). His heart is buried in Africa, under a Mvula tree (now the site of the Livingstone Memorial), but his remains are buried at Westminster Abbey.
Yep, that sounds like a pretty good burial combo.
Take the man to the hall of dead heroes but keep the heart where he died trying.
amazing
He dint get to play zeldore
I climbed Mt.Stanley with my girlfriend, now wife, back in 1982. I've just been through my collection of diaries and letters to confirm this. In the same century it was first climbed. This is a little more encouragement to produce something of my two years traveling in Africa then (and the rest). Thank you Atlas Pro, I appreciate your work.
Did you being in Ethiopia and Algeria?
This channel has been growing ever since. The fact he started showing his face might entail more in the future. For a geography nerd, this channel is a gold mine
Yeah. This channel is basically the inverse of a glacier.
same cant be said for the african glaciers
Yeah, let's hope he shows more than his face. I agree.
@@jtn81x Ditto
@@jtn81x bonk
The fact that the Mountains of the Moon existed after all when it seemed like an urban legend was quite the twist I didn't expect. Usually with these "guesses" of what the unknown is is usually wrong, and when Ptolemy pushed the theory of the Mountains of the Moon being the source of the Nile, I thought it would be like his Geocentric model.
Well, water running out of mountains into lakes and rivers isn't exactly unique to the Nile. It's how pretty much every river in the world forms.
It's one of those cases where natives' oral history reached outsiderd and got changedbup then interpreted as myth.
@boy Afrika Oh I'm certain that the land that ancient merchant had reached was indeed Rwanda, and the Rwenzori Mountains
@boy Afrika That's awesome. I really hope African history and African cultures will be more widely known around the world in the coming years thanks to African content creators. Maybe 10 years from now there will be R-Pop (Rwanda) that will be as big as K-Pop is today ;)
@@aaronmarks9366 Africa could be the most prosperous continent on the planet with its abundant land and natural resources. History is full of examples of people rising from the bottom to the top and vice versa.
Hey man, Im currently studying Geoscience in college along with a lot of biology/ecology modules and your videos have been fantastic at helping me with my work and for helping me learn more!
Also, I feel like the format is very helpful in learning how to structure thoughts and findings in a compelling way 🙌
these videos and a couple others saved my highschool advanced science classes😂 no way i’d pass without the goats who make this kind of content.
@@svntn mad respect goes out to them.
Yooo, same! I love being in class and already knowing a bunch of these things because of this and many other channels.
Haha I remember using the "When the Sahara was Green" video to help me write one of my 4th year papers (full credits ofc)!
Have you ever thought about how amazing it is that people hundreds or even thousands of years ago drew such accurate maps of the world without satellite imagrie.
Well, they had a few misses here and there but the shape of the continents and countries in maps closer to the modern era is really similar to what we can see on google earth.
The oldest "maps" are only around 2K to 2.5K years old. Kind of recent when you think about it.
And they aren't accurate to terrain and don't have to be they show locations
Accuracy north-to-south has been good for a long time by using the stars. It was the east-west direction that caused the big problems. You need accurate time keeping over long times for good accuracy.
Ptolemy was Egyptian so knew the Nile, meanwhile his rest of the world was poor like the so-called "Dragon's Tail"
Caelan, you are an incredible story-teller. I'm always really impressed by how you script it all out, and the lesson of this video took me by surprise. I'm sharing this with the many faculty at my college interested in climate change. Thanks for your great work!
Lol! Please don’t ... it will be embarrassing. This guy gets a lot wrong... mostly about “climate change “, quite funny when he said”over 100 years of climate data” 😂... so funny. I encourage you to look into the weathering of the Sphinx ... climate changed all the time. Wake up! Or do you need a carbon tax? Haha
Ptolemy was the atlas pro of his time, brilliantly grandstanding, I love it
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he didn't really say which one though :p , there was actually an entire dynasty with that name.
@@Napoleonic_S Claudius Ptolemaeus. The Ptolemy. It was a common Greek name and while he was probably Roman, he’s absolutely the one everyone thinks of when you hear it. The Ptolemaic Dynasty is completely separate thing that shares what at the time was a pretty common name. Much like Alexander is still a common name, we all instantly know The Alexander
@@dmcgee3 Ptolemaeus was & is a Greek Family name/surname.
Alexander(Αλέξανδρος) is a first name. Don't mix them up.
Ibn Batutta
Stanley also uttered the most British statement ever: "Dr Livingstone I presume", after finding him missing in the middle Africa.
So, basically he was trolling the Brits...
He was Welsh at one point
@@vincentcleaver1925 no?
@@vincentcleaver1925 What American wouldn't?
@@firstconsul7286 Stanley was a British immigrant to America though, if you think he was trolling himself
I found this channel about a week ago, and now I'm just binging everything. this is some top quality stuff!
Gt
I did the same thing last year when I found it
I'm almost jealous! I wish I had that much new Atlas Pro videos to watch!
This was me last year!!!
Welcome to the AP family!
I have to say, I know this is an old video, but it is still one of my absolute favorites of all time! This is my go to topic/story when I want to hook someone into talking about geography and history! Such a great channel, keep doing the amazing things, turning learning about our world and history into an engaging story!
Casting WonderWhy as David Livingstone was a genius move.
Love the large amount of colouring pencils solidifying your position as a geographer.
Filling in the gaps in our knowledge with brightness and contrast.
He is an artist
15:10 he didn't claim it for Belgium and by extension himself, he claimed it for himself and by extension Belgium. It was only made actually Belgium's rather than simply his personal property a while later where even by the standards of the Belgians, who were probably the most brutal colonizers in the scramble for Africa, he was going too far and treating people too horribly. And honestly the fact that they had this line is in a way kind of worse than if they didn't. It's not just that they were so racist they convinced themselves Africans weren't even people, they just had so little care (or so much contempt) for these fellow human beings they were willing to treat them so brutally
He also used donations from humanitarian organizations that were supposedly being run to counter the East African slave trade around the Great Lakes to fund his expeditions in Africa in which natives were made to sign away their autonomy to him.
He almost made a purchased on the kingdom of Sarawak in Borneo. But luckily for the people there, the English king then, James Brooke who was the personal sovereign of the land has the foresight to ignore his offer.
Yep its like saying "Britain controlled the opium trade" is actually saying Queen Victoria got all the profits from getting China addicted to opium.
History = 'HIS' story.Usually unrelated to 'the truth'!
Someone just learn what "The Royalty" means
@@chippysteve4524 OK boomer. Keep saying cringe ahistorical truths and etymologies.
“He got the attention of King Leopold II” nothing good ever comes from getting Leopold 2’s attention
I believe Leopold II is only surpassed by Hitler and Stalin for the being responsible for the most amount of death in history.
@@ResistTheGreatReplacementEU Ghengis Khan and Mao Zedong killed more people the both Hitler and Stalin.
@@ResistTheGreatReplacementEU to be honest "people killed by Stalin" estimates are often weird and exaggerated. Almost as if some people just count every person who died in USSR during 30-year Stalin rule due to any reason as "casualty of stalinist regime". This does nothing to highlight the real brutality of GULAG and nothing to honour memory of its real victims. Mostly used by people who want to blindly hate on USSR or excuse right-wing dictatorships by claiming left-wing dictatorships killed more. They want to prove their ideologies, not to learn what actually happened. There are also some tankies who just underestimate the number of victims, or excuse such brutality, like wtf. It is very hard to find objective estimates.
@@nathanahern2999 if we counted as a percentage of population probably many ancient/medieval rulers caused more deaths than 20th century ones. Only if we count numbers 20th century stands out, because the world population itself was much larger than before
@@KateeAngel No, Mao Zedong’s Great Leap Forward happened in the late 50’s and early 60’s which is after Hitler and Stalin. Here are the numbers:
Mao Zedong- 78mil
Genghis Khan- 40mil
Stalin- 23mil
Hitler- 17mil
Léopold II- 15mil
More info than I knew. I wasn't aware of Livingstone's thoughts on slavery.
Yo I absolutely loved this video. The topic, stories, info, and how you presented them were great. I think this is my favorite since your Ice Age series and that's saying something. I'd definitely enjoy more videos in this sort of style, with some more classic Atlas Pro style vids continuing as well. Great job and I loom forward to the next journey!
James May found the True Source of Nile™.
James May and two other blokes
Nice
I thought that as soon as I read the title
Hey i also covered the time-lapse of east Africa on my channel if you dont mind checking it out th-cam.com/video/X3Zo22r_2T4/w-d-xo.html
@@fishingfan1500 me too
Nice addition to the quinine bit: they put it in a tonic at the time to make it more palatable, resulting in today's tonic water you can buy in the supermarket and mix with gin. Nowadays it still contains quinine.
They had to add sugar because Quinine is bitter af
also quinine is fluorescent, it glows under UV light, and so does tonic water.
Is that why the bottle of tonic water always says “contains quinine?” Cause of the quinine in it?
@@alberts8696 Are you sure that is a question? 😀
@@alberts8696 yeah, it’s the same Quinine
Can we expect more island videos? Studying island biography and geography right now. I highly recommend researching Papua New Guinea, as it’s very interesting seeing how there is still much more to discover on the earth we live on. Anyways love the videos and good work! Keep it up!
Work at the national aviary I agree with the New Guinea statement
The Victorian Crown Pidgins (or discount peacocks as I call them) are a perfect example of island gigantism
and thats just tip of the iceburgh
We got one this week!
Honestly, this is the kind of story I have been missing from youtube for some time, at least on the geological side of things. Keep it up!!
You should get some sound absorbing foams in your room. It would greatly increase the audio quality! But great video as always!
I’d love to see more videos like this. It’s crazy how one question can have such a profound effect on the world.
I 100% agree! 😀 I am a history and geography nerd so to get both packed into one amazing story, and then add profesional and satisfying images (the way you do it) to get an good idea of what things look like, it all makes for one awesome video!
My question is "What happens if the Nile dries up?" because it certainly seems like that's a possibility from this video.
Here I thought I would watch a video about the Ethiopian Highlands and the Blue Nile for contributing with 85% of the Nile's water and 59% of Egypt's in particular.
I assume ancient egyotian and ethiopians knew about blue nile
This is a discovery of white nile by the explorers .. they also made a mistake by thinking white nile makes more volume than the blue
And they thought that white nile was the source and provided much more water
Well, the video says source of the Nile and not blue Nile. Since white Nile has the farthest source, it makes sense. And why bring up volume? 😂
Honestly, whenever you upload, it automatically becomes a good day. I was really sad today but as soon as you uploaded, I became happy. This topic has always frustrated me as a geography nerd. Looking forward to seeing the video
haha
same
channels like this and real life lore are quite addictive
@@RomilGorka tbh this is in my binge worthy channels list
Like anyone sailing in a croc-infested river,you may want to look at taking responsibility for your own buoyancy ;-)
Contributions to the Nile are from all over the area. In Burundi, for example, tourists are guided to the source of the Nile and there is no question about the fact that the water eventually will reach the Nile.
Shut up. The source of the Nile is lake Victoria in Uganda.
Came for the stories and your relaxing voice. Left with an odd sense of amazement on how well paced you transitioned to a more urgent topic
This is one of your best video's so far: imagining the thrill of seeing all these new area's on an undocumented continent together with the brilliant illustration of the way the climate is heading... just wow!
Started fof the source of Nile, ended up getting so sad fof our continent in particular. That was some content!
Everyone knows that "James May is the first to ever discover the source of the river nile™"
U beat me to it
@@Bhatakti_Hawas i didn't someone beat me to it but i just wrote it and changed it a bit and somehow got 28 likes
Yes indeed, Captain Slow is the one who found the true source of river nile
“Ptolemy was the Atlas Pro of his time”
This dude has ZERO trouble with his self esteem
The earth was significantly warmer just a couple thousand years ago than it is today. Greenland used to be habitable and Vikings described Canada as warm.
Every ancient egyptian knew the source of the Nile River was in the heavens.
Mount Targon
And heaven is ethiopia
@@rediettadesse2828 Sudan
They knew Sudan was a country, it was called Kingdom of Kush, so no not Sudan
I was wondering why you sound really like WonderWhy when reading that journal. Wow, it was really him.
So it's you who summoned WonderWhy back for his latest video.
This was a fun surprise. :D
The drawing of Frederick Russel Burnham is actually of Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of the Scout movement.
Great vid demonstrating the impact of global warming. I grew up in New Zealand and the same thing is happening to the glaciers there. Another photograhic source on the impacts of pollution has been the photos taken during the Covid pandemic, where clear blue skies from around the world where reported for the first time in some peoples living memory. The reason for the clear skies is mostly attributed to no car and truck movement. Unfortunately all those clear skies have gone again as we turned the engines back on.
Im very glad i came across your channel. You present your content in a very interesting and engaging manner, it is clear to see, you care about the stuff you're talkin about. And the sources check out. Big thumps up. But I would suggest u contact a voice coach.
Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May found the source of the Nile years ago. In station wagons, nonetheless.
Only James May found it and there were his 2 of his followers that found it later
Technically they were estate cars as it's a British TV show.
Ew
Dilate
An interesting subject yet again.
Keep up the good work!
Hey i also covered the time-lapse of east Africa on my channel if you dont mind checking it out i would really appreciate it so much th-cam.com/video/X3Zo22r_2T4/w-d-xo.html
Love the soundtrack and the narration. Memories of my 7th grade world geography class. Shout out to the sweathogs of Mr. Fairchilds geography gang!
I was super impressed by all the areas of biology you covered in "why there are no penguins in the arctic" but with the history that you covered about the subject in this you really have outdone yourself
Great video! Btw. I would never judge the explorers or European hunger for the riches of Africa according to the modern standards - but I totally agree that Leopold II. was truly notorious supervillain - so evil that even the most greedy colonizers and rulers of his time called him evil when it came out what was actually happening in Congo. I was kind of shocked when I read about him.
If Livingstone didn't come back, how do we know whether Stanley actually found him?
Maybe he brought back something personal of Livingstone's.
Also, Livingstone himself makes note of the encounter in his journal which was recovered and returned to the UK after his death.
Also, Livingstone's black followers made an enormous effort to bring his body back to the UK so obviously they knew Stanley found him. There are even photos of them in the UK.
David Livingstone died from dysentery and malaria on 1 May 1873, at the age of 60, in Chief Chitambo's Village in North Rhodesia (now Zambia). His heart is buried in Africa, under a Mvula tree (now the site of the Livingstone Memorial), but his remains are buried at Westminster Abbey.
@@jamestang1227"black followers"? Where were the white followers? These were just native people and no, they didn't follow him around. Those were just guides and most had shit to do so couldn't embark on a whole journey with some dude from nowhere. Once they got him to the next village, they'd find him new guides.
This video was so touching in the end when you talked about and showed visuals of loosing glaciers in Africa. We always associate Africa with Sahara desert and then grassland and rain forests but never with ice capped mountains and glaciers. Though we were introduced to them in the first half of video but later hit hard when you talked about climate impacts. It kinda same feeling which we got seeing the penguin video. Something triggered deep in me (it’s way way better than climate change sumit speeches) 👏👏👏
This is exactly why the climate change crap should have been left out of this video. Glaciers on mountains in Africa are a small snapshot in time when looking at global climate...
Funny that we got a video by Real Life Lore on the longest river about a week ago and now we got this one :D
Was just thinking this
Would love to see these kind of stories on Himalayan mountains and rivers! ❤️
This is the second or third time I watched it and still enjoying it during last years, Thanks
Motaz from Sudan
great video! i really appreciate that you have come to actively recognize and criticize colonization-if i recall correctly in one of you previous videos you literally said that the US took its current form once all the land had been "claimed by someone," completely erasing the countless indigenous nations and the wars and genocide employed to overtake the land-I'm glad that in this video you made it clear that the "golden age of exploration in africa" was colonization and exploitation as much as it was exploration.
My one criticism for this video is with your phrasing "scientific records"-science can be described as a process by which hypotheses are tested to determine information. Indigenous people may not have been keeping paper records, or practicing cartography on paper, but that doesn't mean indigenous people did not practice science or have cartographic information, just that their data and record-keeping methods were not known or were incompatible with European methods of cartography and record-keeping, forcing them to collect their data themselves.
in any case, great visuals, great script, and great message overall-keep up the good work!
Anxiety, fear and insecurities. These are the sources of the Nile.
I'll see myself out...
Good. Don't come back.
amazing video! would love to see more videos like this containing the other 90% of information you found about this topic that didn't make it in this one. I also really liked the setup for this video, you sitting behind a desk/table really made it feel like you were a teacher and all of us your students :)
The loss of glacial mass on the mountains of Africa is tied to decreased precipitation not an increase in temperature. It’s possible the decrease in precipitation is tied to anthropogenically induced climate change or it’s variability in multi-decadal oscillations that drive changes in the monsoon. I am an atmospheric scientist and can forward you some journal articles on the topic.
Not only more of this kind of content, but also an extended version of this vid, please.
Right I need to correct you on a mistake you have in this video. The Congo was never under Belgium control, it was the exclusive "property" of Leopold, and it was in fact the Belgium government that put an end to his cruelty.
It was for a short period after Leopold’s deaths.
Your correction is incorrect, and even if it wasn't it wouldn't absolve the Belgians in any way
@@The_Milkman_Delivers
At no point did they mention the role of Belgian people though.
The quality of your content is getting better with every new video.
Ptolemy the Atlas Pro of his time. Cracks me up every time!!
I'm from Scotland, more specifically Blantyre where Dr David livingstone was from!! always interesting to hear about him.
Excellent video with an excellent conclusion. Keep up the great work Caelan!
No joke, I had a history test about the Berlin Conference and the Ashanti people today!
Is no one going to mention that he had some with a Scottish accent read out Livingstone's diary? That's some dedication
Great vid. One point though: you chose a picture of Robert Baden-Powell (who was British and founded the boy scouts) instead of Frederick Russell Burnham (an American) ;)
Have enjoyed your content for quite a while, but you have stepped it up a notch. The production value and connections made are a joy to watch. Thanks for that! May beg you to pop in on my classes in Indonesia, I teach English in primary, but secondary levels need your passion! Sehat selalu.
Great timing on this video. I got this recommended after watching the *whatifalthist* video about _"What if the Scramble for Africa Never Happened?"_
I watched it too
I'm fairly certain the photo of Frederick Russell Burnham is actually of Robert Baden-Powell. The video is insightful and interesting nonetheless! 👍
C, this is, by far, the best video you’ve made all pandemic (even if you lost your voice part way through). It brings a critical, yet gentle, voice to the overwhelmingly western narrative of Africa in the last century, full of your signature factoids that make your maturing channel so interesting and watchable, culminating in a convoluted, sensical conclusion that kinda T-bones my train of thought. So yeah. Bump up the intensity of your message, even if you’re still formulating it half the time, and keep these kinds of videos coming.
Completely agree.
His channel was always good but this year's videos have been impressive.
Great video, but is it perhaps possible to make a video on how you get all these beautiful maps in your videos. Google provides decent maps, but the ones you produce are so much more detailed!
I don’t want to be that person but Atlas Pro you’re a very handsome man. Been subbed for like 2 years and I will admit I didn’t expect you to have such a handsome face. Your videos are also spot on. Love them
Thank you so much. I can't wait to travel to the source of the Nile and other Mountains in Africa. Greetings from Zimbabwe. P.S we are taught in school about Livingstone and his "discovery" of Victoria falls aka Mosi oa Tunya but we never got the part about his death.
the origins of Stanley...in high school we just got his name and how Leopold killed 15 million Africans
5:10
As a Brazilian, I have the obligation of recognizing that one in particular (considering all the campaigns regarding the prevention of dengue fever, it would be dumb not to). It's Aedes aegypti.
"Ptolemy [...] was kinda like the Atlas Pro of his time" is a very clever way of claiming Atlas Pro is the modern Ptolemy lmao
First: Yes, I could see more of these kinds of videos!
Second: Does the disappearing of the glaciers gonna have a large effect in the Nile or other rivers like the Kongo? Or is there enough rain to sustain them?
Maybe some prediction reports.
Well, we have over 100 years of climate data, we know everything... 🤡
Probably enough other mountains and rain to support
I thought I heard the Nile survived before the ice age
I hope so, sounds likely
I've seen so many videos about the source of the Nile I almost didn't watch it. But I love your videos so I did. And I didn't regret it. You had so much more interesting information about it than anything I've seen about it before. I like the longer videos. Hell I'd watch full documentaries if you made them. Thanks for making great videos. One of my favourite TH-cam channels by far!
by the present's time standards, Caelan IS a renowned explorer. he managed to explore the depths of the past explorers and brings us the knowledge, which is what an explorer is all about.
A fantastic video. What happens to the rivers when the mountains lose their snow? Are clouds still forming at the summit? Is it still raining up there?
Not much would happen to the rivers, actually. The absolute worst case scenario is that some relatively small rivers that go into lake Victoria would dry out, which would barely affect the Nile (especially since most of its water comes from Ethiopia anyways)
It has been proven lake Victoria has dried out several times
I would have liked this video to include more information on the actual other sources of the Nile river, e.g. the Ethiopian highlands like you said.
14:57 It is hard to be part of the first wave of colonialism when you only became independent in 1830.
Hey i also covered the time-lapse of east Africa on my channel if you dont mind checking it out th-cam.com/video/X3Zo22r_2T4/w-d-xo.html
Being unable to participate in the first round of colonisation doesn't excuse doing it, and with worse outcomes for the colonised.
Egypt was colonized ever since they never get ab independence before the British.
But in return they became the most ruthless rulers of Africa, yay.
@@Jablicek, I agree.
I don't know if you'll see this, but I wanted to leave a comment in case. A few months back in one of your first vids with your face (great improvement btw) you had a book subtly showcased on your shelf, The Swarm. I added it to my to-read list and I finally got to it and recently finished. I wanted to say thanks for the recommendation cause I loved that shit. Keep up the great videos
I just love you. I love the quality of the videos, i love your voice and entonation, i love the topics, i just love this channel so much. Really, thank you for putting thios much effort, i really enjoy your videos and look forward for them being posted. Also i like that you appear more on your videos, it gives them more of a personal touch, it's like seeing a painting tutorial vs a Bob Ross painting tutorial.
Been following the channel for a while and it is yet to disappoint me. Great work, just needed to say that.
Ptolemy may have been the Atlas Pro of his time but Caelan is the Atlas Pro of our times!
Why are so many climate denialists and racists in this comment section? I mean, what did they expect out of a channel that does actual geography/history? To conveniently _leave out_ the exploitation and the melting of glaciers? Those things are relevant parts of the conversation...
Are comment sections of geography videos always like this? Or is this particular channel just really unlucky and keeps getting found by those people?
Because those people are particularly vocal when confronted with a problem that shakes the foundation of a core narrative they've built up. Which yeah, tends to be especially prevalent on "history" because they've got a worldview built up by many historical myths.
And climate change being a whole, well, global problem really bothers people who prefer to think of it as just some "fake narrative pushed for control by some world elite" or "scientists who can't challenge the 'orthodoxy'". Which honestly is a far more pleasant thing to believe than, well, the truth.
I've watched 3 video's about this and I'm still excited to see your twist on it
I liked this video so much I saw it twice. This is something I never do. I love to see you talking. Good job.
Man, what a journey. Great video dude, that covered so many interesting aspects about this question!
It always amazed me to hear that European and American explorers reached far and remote places such as the deep mountainous regions of East Africa hundreds of years ago! 😱😳
When talking about icy mountains in Africa, I'm surprised you never brought up the very ones who you share a name with, the Atlas mountains.
This video was awesome, thanks for the great content! Question though: When the glaciers on the Rwenzori mountains all melt, what will happen to the Nile during the dry season? Is it just going to dry up, or are the lakes that the mountains feed now going to have enough water to sustain the river and themselves until it rains again?
Im ethiopian .. it rains 3 months out of 12 months .. but water continuously flows .. id exactly know how tho ... 🤔
We have over 100 years of climate data, we know it all 🤡.... 😂
I think a really cool video idea would be how the flooding of Beringia led to changes in ocean currents and species diversity. Iv tryd to look for other videos on this and couldn't find any and think you would make an amazing one on the topic
"Most of them weren't motivated by furthering the scope of human knowledge, but rather were being paid to lay the groundwork for centuries of exploitation and oppression." 1884 isn't yet two centuries old even today. European colonialism in Africa post-1884 didn't even last one century. This is a pretty extraordinary claim which is pretty casually tossed out there. Atlas Pro usually doesn't make mistakes of this caliber.
The Nile has two sources, we can't just talk abt just one source if we want to tell the whole story Abt the source of the Nile.
- 86% the Nile's water originates from Ethiopian highlands and to give a large emphasis on the mentioned source of the Nile in this video which contributes only Abt 14% of the the Nile's water as the source is ridiculous !
I would LOVE more stories like this and I really appreciated your acknowledgement of colonial ickiness and indigenous knowledge. I'd love to know what the indigenous names for these places are! Keep up the good work (after you've rested your voice some of course)!
In ethiooia nile is called abay
"Man I love me some Atlas Pro, I just learn cool geography facts and don't have to worry about world issues that give me anxiety"
'the earth's climate is changing'
"Aw sheeeee-"
If there were more people like you who took an interest in geography maybe we'd have done more to mitigate the effects of climate change and we wouldn't have to worry about it quite so much.
I love that you dont shy away from the exploitation and violence of explorers in Africa. Kudos brother.
Thanks for the educational video. Impressive visuals and I like the attention to detail by getting the WonderWhy guy to read Livingstone's letter with Scottish accent. Little details matter the most. Keep up the excellent work.
For anyone wondering why you can't just sail up the Nile or hike along its banks to find out where it goes, explorers from the ancient Egyptians to the Romans to the Victorians were prevented by the Sudd. The Sudd is a huge swamp in South Sudan that is hundreds of square miles and extremely difficult to sail or map because it is composed of huge floating islands made of naturally tangled weeds. Even today with modern technology it is said to be quite difficult to sail. The snakes, crocodiles, leeches, and insects make it impossible for non-indigenous people to hike. So anyone wanting to follow the Nile south of Sudan needs to go hundreds of miles out of their way to find where the Sudd ends and the Nile continues on its way to Lake Victoria. The late Victorians skipped it altogether by hiking into the interior from the east coast of Africa, well south of the Sudd.
The Mahddist revolt didn't happen in modern day south Sudan, it happened in Sudan and it had a Islamic character.
Damn.. I've always been a geography buff but for some damn reason, at the age of 35, I just realized Africa is almost completely detached from all other continents/land masses - it's only connected through Egypt/the Levant/the Sinai Peninsula.. I guess it's so big, that never even occurred to me.. Wait.. And even that one single connection - that's where the Suez Canal is, isn't it? So Africa is _completely_ detached? Well, any day where you learn/realize something is definitely not a waste of a day. Africa and Patagonia are two places I definitely want to visit someday.
Umm no, the suez canal is man made, it's not detached
Great vid. I’ve always been fascinated by the stories of the great explorers. Probably the explorer who fascinated me the most was Richard Burton. As you mentioned many of their expeditions were financed for reasons which today we would consider morally dubious at best and downright horrendous at worst. Likewise the explorers themselves had varied motivations, including fame and riches but also in almost all cases an insatiable drive to do something no other known person had done.
The Romans also explored Africa searching for the Nile's source. They wanted to know the reason behind the annual floodings. Emperor Nero sent an expedition, which came back to Rome years later with a great tale...