2-Minute Neuroscience: The Hippocampus
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 22 ส.ค. 2024
- In this video, I cover the structure and function of the hippocampus. I discuss its location in the temporal lobe as well as the other structures that surround it and make up the hippocampal formation, such as the dentate gyrus and hippocampal gyrus. I also describe the flow of information through the hippocampus, starting at the entorhinal cortex and traveling through the dentate gyrus, hippocampus, subiculum, and then to a variety of areas and pathways.
For an article (on my website) that explains the hippocampus, click this link: neuroscientifi...
TRANSCRIPT:
Welcome to 2 minute neuroscience, where I simplistically explain neuroscience topics in 2 minutes or less. In this installment I will discuss the hippocampus.
There is a hippocampus in the temporal lobe of each cerebral hemisphere. The name “hippocampus” comes from the Greek for "seahorse" because when it is removed from the brain, it vaguely resembles a seahorse. Although it has many functions, the hippocampus is best known for its role in memory.
The hippocampus is part of a larger structure in the temporal lobe called the hippocampal formation. Definitions of what structures are included in the hippocampal formation vary, but generally it is considered to at least include the hippocampus, the adjacent cortex which is called the hippocampal or parahippocampal gyrus, and a strip of gray matter in between the two called the dentate gyrus. The hippocampal gyrus contains areas called the entorhinal cortex and subiculum, which are both involved in the flow of information through the hippocampus.
In addition to being compared to a seahorse, the hippocampus has also been likened to the curved horn of a ram or the horns of the ancient Egyptian god ammon and thus has been called Ammon’s horn or cornu ammonis. Accordingly, the hippocampus has been subdivided anatomically into 4 regions designated CA1 through CA4; the CA stands for cornu ammonis. The hippocampus receives information from the rest of the cerebral cortex primarily via the perforant pathway, which originates in the entorhinal cortex and projects to the dentate gyrus. Fibers then leave the dentate gyrus and project to neurons in the CA3 region of the hippocampus; neurons in CA3 then send axons to neurons in the CA1 region, which project to neurons in the subiculum. The subiculum can be considered the main output region of the hippocampal formation; fibers from the subiculum project back upon neurons in the entorhinal cortex and then fibers from the entorhinal cortex travel out to a variety of areas in the cerebrum. Output fibers also leave the subiculum and hippocampus and enter the fornix, a fiber bundle that connects the hippocampus with a variety of subcortical areas like the thalamus and hypothalamus.
Reference:
Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, Hall WC, Lamantia AS, McNamara JO, White LE. Neuroscience. 4th ed. Sunderland, MA. Sinauer Associates; 2008.
I've got my first neuro exam in med school in exactly 30 minutes. This made more sense than any lecture I've watched over the last two weeks. THANK YOU.
Thanks for these! Neuroscience is surprisingly sparse on youtube when it comes to depth.
The coolest thing is to be aware you're using your Hippocampus to remember what the Hippocampus is.
I can feel it 😵💫
This is excellent....except, my dentate gyrus has deteriorated, and I can't remember much, once the video is over!
Thank you for making the video very simplified and short...just saved me about an hour of tryna understand this on my own.
good show. much better taught than my med school prof!!!
Thank you!
finally someone who can make understandable illustrations!
damn my textbook!
I'm going to name my first child 2-Minute Neuroscience
great 2-minute guidance, thank you!
It's the best explanation on Hippocampus regions
Thank you
understanding from the textbook took me half an hr but with ur video made my work easier ..thnx
Awesome. Now if I can only remember it.
helped me a lot to understand the synaptic plasticity and LTP really well....oh my god such an underrated video :)))))
God Bless You
This is my favorite part of the brain
thank you thank you thank you!!!
This is great, but I think this would be better as a three minute video because you are talking soooo fast its hard to follow!
you can click on the setting gear link on the video and change the playback speed and slow it that to normal speaking flow.
Nice work, pal!
Thanks for the information a great help to the test👍👍👍
Cool
Awesome job as always! Thanks man!!!
Then why am I emotionless
Hello, which part of our brain associated with past one year's memory?
What is the structure that lies deep below parahippocampal gyrus? Thanks!
Great job, thank you for your help.
thankuuuuuu
good video. we would like more clinically relevant material. would do less good knowing about origins and etymology
Thank youu
We cannot understand brain completely because he is our master controller, before you think about it you must have to know that your every thought is controlled by your brain even this statement is also create by my 🧠, and if you study the parts of brain you cannot go ahead from your brain , that's amazing 😱🤫
Hippocampus. Hippo: Horse. Campus: From greek "Campos" meaning bend, or turn.
Hippopotamus means water/sea horse. Not hippocampus. Hipocampus is closer to the meaning; Curved Horse.
Hippocampus is from "hippokampos," which is made up of "hippos" (horse) and "kampos" (sea monster). The word has historically been used to mean "seahorse," and the similarity in shape between a seahorse and a hippocampus when it has been removed from the brain is the basis for the naming of the latter.
I've never said this for any video on YT, watch it at x0.75 speed.
Thank me later.
Is the area marked in green supposed to mean the entorhinal cortex? I've been looking up the anatomy and I've seen that it is pre-subiculum, while the area around it is the entorhinal cortex, I think? Help? 😅
Got an injury a few years ago that decimated mine. I'm Dory from Nemo at this point, it's just less funny XD
I must listen to this at least 100 times to get it .......theres go 200 minutes .....dam it but smarter. III HOOPPEEEEEE
Or can also watch it on double speed, in which case you'll need to watch it 200 times. Thank me later.
cool
{{{}}}}}{{{
BE BLESSED WITH A BENEVOLENT HIPPOCAMPUS.
Corno amonus 😊 pharaohs got there too
I watched this three times and it was funny every time
i don't get it
i feel dumber then before i watched this
*than*, but still... 😉
Check out the Mandela effect on youtube!! You will be astonished!!!!
Breaking Bad brought me here
Why?
@@mariohomem838 look up ‘hippocampus breaking bad’ and there should be a clip of Walter discussing the hippocampus
30 Seconds of this 2 minutes was history lecture.
The part the refuses to work while in school
studying this so i can stick an electrode in it
Chose this because it’s 2 minutes long
Too short. More or less just a listing of dozens of Latin terms
Lol r/iamverysmart
So many smart people words 😭😆😆 lol
Men have a bigger hippocampus
thishe chorni grasnia sabaka
The dental gyrus.
Dentate gyrus*
Man you need to slow it down..way too fast.
He only has 2 minutes :)
i studied in an indian school in india@narendramodi
Thank you
Thank you