I just discovered and read the paper last night and was looking for a concise summary to share with others! Thanks for making this, though I am still confused about the free energy principle and how it relates to the entropic brain hypothesis.
In short, a greater free-energy means that there is a greater potential for overcoming the default mode network (DMN) as mentioned in the video. There is a concept termed “Criticality” which is the threshold required for one to overcome the existing neuronal connections and form new ones. Administering psychedelics helps to overcome this limit. The reason this doesn’t happen all the time is because the process of forming new neuronal connections is expensive (in terms of energy) and hence according the laws of free energy, the brain will tend to take a lower energy state to conserve energy rather than make new ones all the time. This is also what gives rise to the hierarchical predictive error. To my knowledge I suppose this is what it means.
Thank you so much. Listen to your gut feelings!! 😉 Some people think the energy of information wave is in the field around us, and waiting for our neurological waves to tune into it.
Amazing vídeo, thank you a lot. Do you know any paper showing 5ht2a binding (in humans) and the paralel with Default network? I'm also wondering If, at neural level, are we seeing LTP (long term potentiation) induced by 5ht2a anyhow? It's hard to me don't get the mecanism at neuronal level...
Brilliant video. Keep up. You have a new subscriber! This is the only modality I can share REBUS and Entrhopic Brain hypothesis with my busy friends and colleagues. The original articles are way too complex to grasp in a hurry. Thanks
The REBUS model seems like a more refined model than Entropic. Because if it's simply "loosening of the associations", one could ask, what is the difference between the psychedelic experience, and psychosis. REBUS seems to offer more opportunities for modulation, in the clinical setting. Set and setting. Dose. What happen if one pushes to the extreme end of the dose? Or is a more moderate dose better, for post-trip clinical outcomes?
Excellent explanation!! I was wondering if there are other models out there that explain psychedelics' action (other than the rebus), anyway the rebus has a significant amount of citations so it would be interesting it there is any other proposition out there
Great job in sharing the frontiers of neuroscience with us. I am a physician educating myself about neuroscience. Is there anyone conducting training programs on using psychedelic therapy clinically? Are you aware of anyone in India who is doing this?
Could one posit the possibility that this intertwining, or amalgamation, of the default mode network and the lower areas in the hierarchy through an increase in entropy be associated with more altruistic tendencies? Considering meditation and psychedelics are highly correlated with the adoption of compassionate empathy and greater altruistic tendencies from the experience of a 'spiritual oneness' with the external world and a particular 'oneness' with other humans, could one argue that we should see a correlation between an induced greater-entropic state and an increase in altruism found in societies adopting these states more often? Obviously there is a limit to how much entropy can be allowed to take place in the brain regions due to psychosis I believe being labelled a state of great entropy, but perhaps excursions into greater-entropic states allows us to escape our perceptive limitations (internal and external) enough to find altruism as a significant ideal?
Hi, and thanks for your video. Can you please elaborate about the difference between the entropy in this model versus Karl Friston FEP's Entropy versus Shannon's information theory Entropy. Are these Entropies the same in certain ways (regarding Brain Imaging research) and how precisely different they are from each other? Thanks for your elaboration Manesh
Three years ago I had my first IV ketamine treatment for peripheral neuropathy. It helped me kick my nicotine addiction (pack/day unfiltered) though I didn't have that specific intention. However, I had recognized how habitual my smoking was at that point.
Great explanation. Thank you for the effort you put in these videos. I have a question about recent theories about psychedelics and the brain: what is the Friston free energy principle scientists are talking about? Thank you if you can explain in layman terms.
a question about hierarchical predictive coding. if i understood it correctly, there are abstract prior beliefs about the world on an upper level of the hierarchy. on the bottom of the hierarchy the sensory data are processed. and what would be the intermediate level of the hierarchy (probably less abstract prior beliefs, but i can't imagine anything about it. and when does the change from prior beliefs to sensory data take place)?
here's an example of the hierarchy, using vision as the initial sense input: lines and shadows < distinct visual objects < distinct visual objects in an environment < the combination of those visual objects with sounds, smells, sense of touch, taste in your mouth < a concept about an object in that scene < a concept about the entire scene < a category of scenes that that scene belongs to < your beliefs about that category of scenes, etc. you can see how your beliefs about the category of scenes/environments comes from a hierarchy of abstraction that has its basis in basic sensory inputs
Hey Rowan. Thanks for watching. The increases in entropy are not specific to the default mode network. Neither is it necessarily the whole default mode network. The actual picture is a bit more nuanced than I presented here, but for general understanding we can think of the model as proposing that the DMN becomes less stable and therefore less constraining of other regions.
@@ThePsychedelicScientist thanks for replying. I am trying to understand how the psychedelic experience, although in many obvious ways is a more chaotic experience of reality, in other ways it is a much more clear and ordered experience of reality. A less entropic experience. I will have to look deeper into the science. There is plenty here still to digest. So thanks again for the clear explanations, translating the jargon of science for the layman.
Doesn't the modulation in the hierarchy go both ways? It seems like I have the belief that I watched this video because of sensory input that I received from watching this video, not that I perceived that I watched this video because I believed that I watched the video.
Yes it does go both ways. The idea is that we experience the world through our beliefs/internal models, and these are constantly updated in response to feedback from the external world (sensory inputs). The belief is converted into a prediction which is then matched with sensory input, and any mismatch (prediction error) can lead to belief updating. REBUS proposes that that psychedelics make beliefs much less rigid and more sensitive to being updated by feedback. If you TH-cam search the Ted Talk titled “We hallucinate our conscious reality” it goes into this approach to understanding the brain in more detail.
Hey where are you doing your PhD? I left my program a couple years ago and now I’m looking to go back to school to focus on psychedelics. Just looking to connect with others interested in this area. Feel free to DM me
Rebus is the Original Form of Humsns, And knew his Origins God grew jealous of his Creation AND RE-CREATED rebus into Male & female and They no longer remember their Origins Unless you dose up on shrooms
![[FULL EP.16] เซียนพาลุย "เผือก-ฟรอยด์" กรี๊ดลั่น จนปูหนี | เฮ็ดอย่างเซียนหรั่ง | One Playground](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/FsqUvwS3b-Y/mqdefault.jpg)
Fantastic episode man. You are sharing the cutting-edge of the field in a brilliant way. 👏🏾🙏🏾
cheers brother!
I just discovered and read the paper last night and was looking for a concise summary to share with others! Thanks for making this, though I am still confused about the free energy principle and how it relates to the entropic brain hypothesis.
In short, a greater free-energy means that there is a greater potential for overcoming the default mode network (DMN) as mentioned in the video. There is a concept termed “Criticality” which is the threshold required for one to overcome the existing neuronal connections and form new ones. Administering psychedelics helps to overcome this limit. The reason this doesn’t happen all the time is because the process of forming new neuronal connections is expensive (in terms of energy) and hence according the laws of free energy, the brain will tend to take a lower energy state to conserve energy rather than make new ones all the time. This is also what gives rise to the hierarchical predictive error.
To my knowledge I suppose this is what it means.
I so appreciated your plain English explanation of this theory after attempting to grok RGH's paper! Thank you!
Very interesting content. Thank you.
Thank you!! You are very clear in explaining, greetings from argentina :)
Thank you so much. Listen to your gut feelings!! 😉 Some people think the energy of information wave is in the field around us, and waiting for our neurological waves to tune into it.
Excellent explanations.
Amazing vídeo, thank you a lot. Do you know any paper showing 5ht2a binding (in humans) and the paralel with Default network? I'm also wondering If, at neural level, are we seeing LTP (long term potentiation) induced by 5ht2a anyhow? It's hard to me don't get the mecanism at neuronal level...
Brilliant video. Keep up. You have a new subscriber! This is the only modality I can share REBUS and Entrhopic Brain hypothesis with my busy friends and colleagues. The original articles are way too complex to grasp in a hurry. Thanks
love your work, keep it up! :)
Love it man.
The REBUS model seems like a more refined model than Entropic. Because if it's simply "loosening of the associations", one could ask, what is the difference between the psychedelic experience, and psychosis.
REBUS seems to offer more opportunities for modulation, in the clinical setting. Set and setting. Dose. What happen if one pushes to the extreme end of the dose? Or is a more moderate dose better, for post-trip clinical outcomes?
Great explanation of the complex system. Well done 👏
Excellent explanation!! I was wondering if there are other models out there that explain psychedelics' action (other than the rebus), anyway the rebus has a significant amount of citations so it would be interesting it there is any other proposition out there
Thank you so much for these videos, they are wonderful!
A good written article on psychedelics includes this model in the UK science magazine New Scientist (7 June 2022).
Thanks so much for making
so now it would be great to create a video with instruction of how to create a pozitive belief and integrate it while trippin?
m.th-cam.com/video/FqQuSQmV_b4/w-d-xo.html
brilliant explanation
nicely explained, thanks! But what about the free energy principle?:)
Great job in sharing the frontiers of neuroscience with us. I am a physician educating myself about neuroscience. Is there anyone conducting training programs on using psychedelic therapy clinically? Are you aware of anyone in India who is doing this?
Could one posit the possibility that this intertwining, or amalgamation, of the default mode network and the lower areas in the hierarchy through an increase in entropy be associated with more altruistic tendencies?
Considering meditation and psychedelics are highly correlated with the adoption of compassionate empathy and greater altruistic tendencies from the experience of a 'spiritual oneness' with the external world and a particular 'oneness' with other humans, could one argue that we should see a correlation between an induced greater-entropic state and an increase in altruism found in societies adopting these states more often?
Obviously there is a limit to how much entropy can be allowed to take place in the brain regions due to psychosis I believe being labelled a state of great entropy, but perhaps excursions into greater-entropic states allows us to escape our perceptive limitations (internal and external) enough to find altruism as a significant ideal?
Hi, and thanks for your video. Can you please elaborate about the difference between the entropy in this model versus Karl Friston FEP's Entropy versus Shannon's information theory Entropy. Are these Entropies the same in certain ways (regarding Brain Imaging research) and how precisely different they are from each other? Thanks for your elaboration Manesh
This was really well explained! Thank you - what's your view on the use of psychedelics for smoking cessation?
Three years ago I had my first IV ketamine treatment for peripheral neuropathy. It helped me kick my nicotine addiction (pack/day unfiltered) though I didn't have that specific intention. However, I had recognized how habitual my smoking was at that point.
Great explanation. Thank you for the effort you put in these videos. I have a question about recent theories about psychedelics and the brain: what is the Friston free energy principle scientists are talking about? Thank you if you can explain in layman terms.
Write a book!!
a question about hierarchical predictive coding. if i understood it correctly, there are abstract prior beliefs about the world on an upper level of the hierarchy. on the bottom of the hierarchy the sensory data are processed. and what would be the intermediate level of the hierarchy (probably less abstract prior beliefs, but i can't imagine anything about it. and when does the change from prior beliefs to sensory data take place)?
here's an example of the hierarchy, using vision as the initial sense input:
lines and shadows < distinct visual objects < distinct visual objects in an environment < the combination of those visual objects with sounds, smells, sense of touch, taste in your mouth < a concept about an object in that scene < a concept about the entire scene < a category of scenes that that scene belongs to < your beliefs about that category of scenes, etc.
you can see how your beliefs about the category of scenes/environments comes from a hierarchy of abstraction that has its basis in basic sensory inputs
Very nice, clear explanation. Do you know if the whole brain is entropic or mainly the default mode network?
Hey Rowan. Thanks for watching. The increases in entropy are not specific to the default mode network. Neither is it necessarily the whole default mode network. The actual picture is a bit more nuanced than I presented here, but for general understanding we can think of the model as proposing that the DMN becomes less stable and therefore less constraining of other regions.
@@ThePsychedelicScientist thanks for replying. I am trying to understand how the psychedelic experience, although in many obvious ways is a more chaotic experience of reality, in other ways it is a much more clear and ordered experience of reality. A less entropic experience. I will have to look deeper into the science.
There is plenty here still to digest. So thanks again for the clear explanations, translating the jargon of science for the layman.
💫✨💫
I wonder how and if this relates to perception in autism...?
@Stephanie Hughes purplemonkeydishwasher
@Stephanie Hughes I bought two hundred gallons of cow shite today and painted my house with it and it was like totes OMG
Your thoughts on microdosing
@Stephanie Hughes your comment is kinda sus
Doesn't the modulation in the hierarchy go both ways? It seems like I have the belief that I watched this video because of sensory input that I received from watching this video, not that I perceived that I watched this video because I believed that I watched the video.
Yes it does go both ways. The idea is that we experience the world through our beliefs/internal models, and these are constantly updated in response to feedback from the external world (sensory inputs). The belief is converted into a prediction which is then matched with sensory input, and any mismatch (prediction error) can lead to belief updating. REBUS proposes that that psychedelics make beliefs much less rigid and more sensitive to being updated by feedback.
If you TH-cam search the Ted Talk titled “We hallucinate our conscious reality” it goes into this approach to understanding the brain in more detail.
Hey where are you doing your PhD? I left my program a couple years ago and now I’m looking to go back to school to focus on psychedelics. Just looking to connect with others interested in this area. Feel free to DM me
Are you on LinkedIn? Join the psychedelics group
Rebus is the Original Form of Humsns,
And knew his Origins
God grew jealous of his Creation
AND RE-CREATED rebus into
Male & female and
They no longer remember their Origins
Unless you dose up on shrooms