How do LEDs & Batteries Work?
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 พ.ค. 2019
- How does electricity even do stuff? How do all the LEDs around us work? How do Batteries work? We know it powers everything around us, but what are the mechanics behind it doing something like- producing light? In this episode, we explore how Lemon Batteries produce electricity, and then how we can use that electricity with an LED to generate light! Let's dive into some of the fundamentals around electricity, and learn something fascinating today!
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Made by Teddy Tablante
Table of Contents:
0:22 Exploring the Lemon Battery
1:23 Watching a the chemical reaction
1:57 What's the copper wire for?
3:00 What's the speed of an electron? What about electricity?
4:15 How does an LED create light?
8:38 Outro
Background Understanding: Electrons, Charges
Key Branches from this video are: Exploring Lemon Batteries, Voltage & Current, Solar Cells, Understanding Electricity
Erratum:
Animation built using Blender 2.79b
Post with Adobe Premiere Pro and Adobe After Effects
Sound editing with Reaper
Work Cited:
Goodisman, Jerry (2001). "Observations on Lemon Cells". Journal of Chemical Education. 78 (4): 516-518
Hyperphysics Contributors. "P-N Energy Bands." "Semiconductor Concepts." Hyperphysics 2016 Georgia State University. May 30th 2019
"Lemon Battery". Pembroke, Ontario: Hila Science Camp.
Wikipedia contributors. "Albert Einstein." "Charge-coupled Device. " "George E. Smith." "Lemon Batteries." "Light-Emitting Diode." "List of Nobel Laureates in Physics." "Semiconductor." "William Shockley." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, May 30th, 2019.
"The Components of LEDs and How They Work." June 29, 2017 Beaconlamps.com
Blendswap Models:
Fancy TV + Extras - biozz
LED Light Bulb- Sadaj70
SciFi Pedestal Turntable - bill1411
Music Attribution in Order:
Easy Lemon by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution license (creativecommons.org/licenses/...)
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/
Daydream Bliss from TH-cam Audio Library
Morning Dew from TH-cam Audio Library
Plaidness by Francis Preve
• Plaidness - Francis Pr...
Sunburst, Tobu & Itro is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License
www.7obu.com
• Video
I'm a EE compE major, and I'm not ashamed to say I learned something.
I was an EE major in college and some of these things I only learned when building this episode.
I was also an EE major, now software engineer. This is an excellent refresher!
Well done Teddy! I had no idea that electrons moved so slowly
I had the same "wow" moment - always appreciate that Teddy does not skim over these kinds of details
@Islam Ibrahim n for neturon p for proton, so n like to throw away e and p like to receive e
@Islam Ibrahim n and p are doped semiconductor materials as in Silicon being doped with a Pentavalent and a Trivalent element.
Jared! You trying to copy something from here?
Love the accurate representation of the orbitals, really cool.
Thanks!! I'm excited of doing an episode about orbitals.
@@BranchEducation please make one!!!!
I love your videos....
That was the best explanation I've ever saw in my entire life. So clear, so well illustrated. Well done.
I can't describe how amazing your animations are. Absolutely amazing work. Congratulations because I don't think those are easy to do!
I did want to know about those ubiquitus LED's! Wonderful demo!
So well explained and animated. Thank you!
I sincerely think your channel provides some of the best crafted explanations I have ever seen on YT.
There are others, but none of them combines all the factors so perfectly.
The animations are spot on, the narrations is in clear english and well written, the notes and additional information always makes it plainly clear where the analogy ends and even the music is kept in control (which nearly all channels fail at).
I would love to see your take on the band gap and the cause of the "red sparkly glow of light" when the electrons fell down the cliff in the LED :-)
I wish you all the best, stay healty and maybe see you on red_dit ;-)
P.S.: Greatest respect for always providong A-Grade subtitles. I know how much work that is, even with (or esp. with :-) ) machine translations.
True
Best channel ever! Very helpful! Keep making videos! BTW can you make more smart phone videos?
Yeah- next 2x will be back to smartphones. I wanted to build a small subset for students doing an in class activity.
I discovered you a couple hours ago and I have alredy consumed and adored all of your content! Brilliantly put and complete!
Thanks!! Glad you liked it! What was your favorite video and why? Also least favorite?
@@BranchEducation My favorite was the one on touchscreens! But it's hard to pick, the 'how speakers work' one is also brilliant. The way they are very in depth but manage to keep you wanting to research on your own is incredible. I can't think of a least favorite!
@@ariavaggio Yeah! A lot of people like the touchscreen one. Thanks for watching.
Love this channel!
Thank you
well done, great, neat smooth explanation and highly organized video. this is the best explanation I have ever witnessed for the led principle of work.
thanks a lot for your great efforts
This is the first time I've ever understood (to some degree) how and LED actually works. Thank you!
Excellent video! Informative, fun and didactic!
I used to be an aircraft electrician in the Air Force and totally loved it. I try to talk about electricity to my young adult kids as I think it is so interesting. And I think they would find it interesting as well. (But you know.... kids don’t want to hear about those types of things from their mama.... lol). But I have a feeling when I make a bet with them that I can turn on a LED light using lemons and WIN the bet..... they will be really wanting to watch your video to see HOW. I hope this little experiment will open their minds to the awesome world of electricity and more!!!!! THANKS! You are AMAZING at teaching!!!!!!!!! I’m not so sure I’d be able to explain as well as you. But with this video I think they will become very interested. I just found your channel when the video about how Bluetooth works was recommended to me. Another brilliant teaching. Thanks for that one also..... I actually understood it all 👍
This is the bye far best explanation i have seen, specially the working principle of PN junction diode ....I would love to see who CRT TV function...
*How
Thanks!! I actually did some animation for Veritasium who goes over how CRT TVs work. check out his channel
dang, I really wish something like this existed back when i was in school.
Lucky me, I am still at school :)
Thanks, love your videos
This channel is sooo much underrated.Great video
Wonderful content man! I subscribed within a few minutes of watching one of your videos. This one is similarly clear and makes concepts clear.
Can you etch into my brain the flow of electrons vs the flow of current as we assume it to be. Confuses me everytime! Thanks in advance
Love ur vids and animations! keep it up!
This video has covered so many concepts. I am a student and this video has helped me to understand the concept well
when life gives you lemons throw them.... you wanted a apple and life's a bitch
The first channel in which I got my perfect answer. Thank you .
Thumbs up... Great explanation 🔥🔥
Much Appreciated!!
Great and thanks! You could explain how the photons emitted by a light source end up being absorbed by a material (how the photon experiences a transformation, how the photon transfers its energy and effects a change in some material and how it ends up being another particle or what be that it is transformed and how much energy those processes consume). Another request would be if they would make a video where they talk about the concentration pile (which has two equal electrodes but works according to the density difference of the electrolyte in each of the electrodes to generate electricity even when the electrodes are the same material) . Thank you
Very informative 👍
Electroluminescence 👀💡‼ Best analogy I think I`ve ever heard about how LED`s work! It`s like a lightbulb went off in my head!! Thank You for that.!!!
loved the video :)
and i got some new topics i would like you to add to your future videos: see-through screen and e-paper/e-ink technology
i am really very interested to see a animation om this
and yes, thanx for the video..
Thank you
Your defenetly getting a abo i saw some of your videos there so good
quite easy explanation....
Really Grest work!!!
Ah Lumber tycoon 2 music, perfect for an educational video
Thank you.
Excellent👍👏....
if electrons moved so slowly then how is the force 'electricity' instantaneous?
if they are slow then how is the responce to next electrons so fast?
is it because there are so many electrons in area of cross section of wire or any other pls answer it
check out the video of how sound travels first, think about it, and then come back. th-cam.com/video/1kjAkuwYx2M/w-d-xo.html . The main thing to think about is: Is the wave's speed the same as the speed of the overall steel bar.
I would love to dig deeper in the rabbit hole and see how the p and n material work! But nice video!
Will do eventually.
Superrrb Awesome Fantastic video
Love the vid! How do the electrons move between the copper and the zinc that are not connected with a wire?
thanks a lot really helped thanks thanks thanks thanks
Love the graphic work! Great explainer video
Very informative! Thanks!
Hello, would you mind sharing how you made the LED cube. I run a summer program and think it would be a really cool project for the kids.
There are really good instructions from instructables: www.instructables.com/id/Led-Cube-8x8x8/ . I would recommend the 4x4x4 to start.
Nice
If the e- just have to reach the other end (copper coins) to combine with H+ ion. Then why don't we just put the Zn nails in some other place like in water (that way Zn2+ can still have place to go after detaching from Zn nail) while at the same time it can still send those e- through the wire to the lemons H+ ion. Will it work? It should work as the circuit will get e- and the H+ will combine with those e-. And if the sole purpose of Cu is to provide a surface of H+ to attach to e-, why don't we use other metals?
Yes I have a question.
Why wire heats up more when we pass low voltage and high amperes through it and less when we pass high voltage low amperes through it ?
Awesome video brother...keep it up!!
Great video! The footnote at 8:01, why do elections move in the reverse direction to current?
Which software do you use for animation
Then why do LEDs burn when we apply a large voltage
Hmm, great question! I'll have to look into it.
I'm guessing it has to do with the material properties. For instance, the longer you leave a light bulb on, the hotter it gets. This is becaue alongside energy being released as light, it is also released as heat energy due to friction. The more elctrons that pass through (voltage) the more friction and more heat. at some point the physical properties of the material might kick in causing it to melt or burn up. my theory though, I may be wrong.
Bcz ,due to large voltage drop , higher frequency of radiation is radiated out and higher frequency radiation carries a lot amount of energy than visible radiation
Maybe the diodes represented as n-p burn because of high voltage.also the higher the voltage, the higher will be the ammount of photons.And we all know that photons have Energy. So excess ammount of energy burns the light
LEDs are just another diodes but special as mentioned in the video. They burn because excess voltage brings excess current. They are designed to work on certain voltage levels are require very little currents. Hope it answers the question.
Great. Can you guide, which software is used to make such videos. Thanks for your reply.
I use Blender
How does wiring up another lemon increase voltage? Wouldn't the electrons from the zinc nail from one lemon just move through the conductor to the copper in the next lemon and turn into gas? I guess I don't understand the flow of electrons through the circuit with multiple lemons hooked up. Any input would be much appreciated! Thank you
The difference between potential difference and current sounds very similar to the difference between bandwidth and speed ISPs.
Now i know why my phone led notification light is Red when the battery is low (case red light less energy)and Blue when the battery is full.
Explain the reasoning behind the shape of the electrode within the diode
Woaaah, 9x10^15 electrons per second. Can we assume 1 electron will give off 1 photon at the energy drop between the N P materials?
Photons get generated, but a good percentage get reabsorbed and converted to heat energy
@@BranchEducation How are the Photons reabsorbed and converted to heat energy?
Can we get some numbers associated with the colors on the color spectrum. Height of the drop for red green blue et al. Voltages to reach those heights also?
Current to light intensity ratio would be cool to know also. Thank you!
Is current 3 x 10^15 electrons per lemon then?
At some point the zinc will be depleted and our potential energy lower? Is it a matter of adding new zinc coated nails like new batteries, what happens to the lemons? Awesome explanations! Thank you for allowing me to understand.
PLS make video on static electricity
Make a video on electricity and magnetism
We will eventually.
so how do different LED types work? Such as changing the colour and brightness actively and varying sizes.
Very well explained .. thanks for upload
best wishes from
Axinstitute for Chinese Language, Karachi
what happen when u reverse the current ? in graphical n and p scheme
PLEASE PLEASE PLEASE!!!! I need your help.
I work with circuits every day. I have a lab focused on component level board repair, and test equipment calibration/metrology. I have a lab full of professional calibrated test equipment, and I can troubleshoot/fix almost anything……but I still have A little trouble visualizing it in my mind.
It would be AMAZING if you could discuss a simple circuit/pcb, with a very basic layout, including a few of the most common components.
Like a resistor, capacitor, diode, and maybe a single basic transistor. KEEP IT SUPER SIMPLE.
Because there’s literally not a video like this available on the Internet anywhere that I’ve been able to find.
I’ve worked with complex for several years, but I still can’t visualize in my mind how the electrons move through a circuit. Obviously I know how it works and what goes on… But I just can’t see it in my mind. And I’ve been looking for a video to explain it simply…. for years.
I understand the difference in “conventional current“ and “electron flow“….. I know how all components function and contribute to the operation of a circuit. But I just can’t visualize the power flowing through the circuit.
I would love to see an animation of a very basic pcb, with a few of the most basic components… And see how the electrons flow through the circuit from start to finish.
Possibly show the actual circuit, side-by-side with the schematic drawing. While the current is flowing through both. Because that’s where my confusion lies.
I really appreciate all you do. Your animations are incredible!
Dose that mean that if i increase the voltage in my normal white led it could change the color to blue or red ?
Nope- the color is dependent on the voltage drop set by the material choice in P and N, and not the voltage you apply.
Senku You're a youtuber now.
Please explain how to make resistor.
Yes- we will definitely make this video eventually.
Why dont you have million subs?
All good things take time.
@@BranchEducation Ill wait for it :)
Branch Education will it better be soon! :)
I had no idea that electrons moved so slowly.
Holy shit the waiting electrons in the copper better be known as "static" electricity.
how electron carry energy to charge or to power light
Can you make an animation on how a Multitester work?? 😁👍
could you please make a video on how fingerprinting technology works
Thanks for the recommendation. I'll add it to my list of episodes to make!
Idea for video: how 3d printers work!!
Awesome ha dno clue LEDs were novel transitors, same as SSD storage, fracticality !
@Branch Education how does multi colour LED works
Is it possible to animate very simple though 50% inclusive PCB and explain how the electricity is going through and how the component then make the device works ... ?
how long would the led be powered on by those 3 lemons?
what is descrete energy level
Learned his my study meet your nice just to want gain better well teach i found on light with fruit of the batteries
Can I use oranges instead?
They’re similar.
Ya don’t know until you try it out.
Lemons would be more efficient, but oranges would also do
Actually you could, but the lemon's pH is lower than the oranges (it is scaled 0-14, being 7 neutral, 14 basic and 0 acid), so the more acidic environment the better conductivity you get.
Sergio Aragón Iturri ah, ok.
What is the difference between amp and volt . I know amp is flow of electrone and volt is potential difference, but I am not getting the feeling
Why can't u do another video about microprocessor and microcontrollers???
Seeking a positive reply from u
I'm building up to microprocessors. These past 2 episodes were trying to introduce electricity with some elements of PN junctions and answering the question ' how does voltage/ electricity actually do something useful.
Will the LED shine more brightly if more lemons are connected in that way?
Can you make a video about how a bitcoin is made and it is traded in the market..
Mmm, I'm more focused on doing eps. electrical & engineering applications.
A basic question: What are N and P materials?
if I put some blue plastic around the led, then I obtain blue light with the same 3 Lemmon batteries?
I would like to know sth
How does king crimson works?
Not sure about king crimson.
It must have a logical reason
Why does a battery have two terminals? Why there is a need to create a potential difference?
what about multicoloured led lights?
Why voltage is so
0:00 lumber tycoon 2?
Lemon Juice With Multimeter Digital?
Why do hidrogen "become a gas" when they get the electron they want? Or in other words, why do hidrogens are not gas from the start?
You should share this to Bill Nye
I try, but I'm still a small fry to get noticed.
I thought they were red skulls at 2:53
If the Zinc is neutral (not ionic), why would it want to lose electrons? I thought all atoms want to be in a neutral state.
What happen when led fused
I'm not sure what you mean by 'fused'.
Won't the electrons exhausted over period of time?
Well definitely the nail runs out of zinc, and the lemon runs out of H+ ions. Interestingly you can visibly see the zinc dissolve off the nail, but also you can measure the amount of H+ ions using pH strips.
@@BranchEducation Thank you
Please I want to ask if the lemon is acting as a electrolyte