Electronic Basics #20: Thyristor, Triac || Phase Angle Control
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 ก.ย. 2024
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In this episode of electronic basics I will present the most important facts about a controllable diode, the thyristor. I will also build a small experimental circuit to control AC voltage with the help of a triac.
Music:
Killing Time, Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
![Jak działają triaki? [RS Elektronika] #243](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/gnxJ1l4Bk5s/mqdefault.jpg)
This is my fav of your videos so far. Well done!
+Afrotechmods My 2 favorite channels on youtube. yours and greatscotts's. keep up the good work.
+Afrotechmods Thanks
Same. Afrotechmods and GreatScott are the best!
can you too make a video on this topic please
chutiya hai tu chup baith
Electrical Engineer here and I thoroughly enjoy the videos you post! Thanks for the good tips and refreshers!
Thanks for the feedback :-)
This video was a little bit too fast to cover the subject
I think this guy is very good , but I think you need a degree or two to keep up with him .
Yes it was bit fast
agree.
all i understood was when it hits zero somehow it gives a signal of like 5v
yep, it was difficult to get to the point of the theory exaplined here at first, but if you watched this video three times then you could understand the basic concept (that worked for me)
wow this video went over my head. im going to have to watch this a few times haha. maybe when its not 2am i should rewatch it :D
i understand maybe every third word that youre saying when you get into electrical stuff but still watch ewvery video. good work man!
+Syko That's the spirit ;-)
same problem, but gret videos
I understood nothing in this video
Let's get startedt! Been watching you since about 2014 maybe earlier. Love how much happier you sound in your newer videos. You seem like a sweet person, I hope life is wonderful for you and thank you for all the information
I WAS FINDING A VIDEO THAT COULD HELP ME TO FIGURE OUT THAT WHAT IS DIFFERNCE BETWEEN LATCHING AND HOLDING CURRENT AND FINALLY I GOT THIS ONE. REALLY SCOTT YOU ARE GREAT👍
You got a new oscope, nice one!
+VoltLog Thanks
But this one is 13000 USD. Holy Moly!
Great video covering some advanced content. This is how the main propulsion motors on warships are controlled.
The whole time I heared ElectroBoom in my head saying: "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!"
Whenever I plug a component (like a TO-220) into a breadboard, I always use a pair of small needle-nosed pliers to bend the pins of the component 90 degrees first (on the pin axis), so that the component will slide nicely into the board (like a wire) without any damage to the component OR board--What do you think.
Thanks for all the high-quality videos, too!!!
Your oscilloscope is simply awsome
In my 3rd year electrical class watching this instead of my teacher. Time well spent
Damn, i really learn much in this videos since #10 or so. I really notice that you started out pretty self-tought and now learn stuff at University, i like it
My favorite channel on TH-cam!
I discovered tour channel only 4 days ago, you're amazing, keep it up :)
Interesting take on SCR control. What advantages would you say this rather involved method has over the original three or four component control circuit used most widely? You are a great teacher and lots of people are interested in this subject so I am curious why you did not also mention the simple way to control an SCR with a variable resistor, a fixed resistor , a capacitor and a diac ( The diac is optional) Thanks for a very interesting and informative channel.
This video demonstrates a high level of thought (and effort) went into the pedagogy. Excellent, and your efforts are very much appreciated. Now I must increase my increase my Patreon support :-)
+semidemiurge Thanks for the support ;-)
your teaching is awesome You may be a great Engineer
Being a Mechatronics student myself I find this video very useful. thank you!
I started looking at this video, and noticed TH-cam made me dislike the video. I never clicked the dislike button. Of course when I realized this, my mouse traveled at 99% light speed towards the like button, and the table broke from the force of the left click when the mouse was over the like button. I proudly saw the dislike counter go down 1 and the like counter go up 1. You make good videos!
I have no idea what you're talking about, but I admire your knowledge and I like your accent and videos.
I'm trying to "tap" a 16v power socket on a turntable, so I can run an LED strip from it, but it seemed to destroy the electronics.... unless I destroyed them by trying to solder a power jack off the LED circuit board.
I'm going to try one more time, then probably use a 12v battery. That's the level of my electronics :D
Very good video illustrating the use of thyristors and triacs in phase angle control for light dimming applications.
Hi, thanks for the video. However, touching the output of an autotransformer is potentially FATAL. This is a video about BASIC electronics so will be watched by beginners. A lot of explanation is really necessary first..
This is NOT isolated from the mains. It assumes that the Neutral is always near earth potential and that every mains installation has the Live and Neutral the correct way around. I have used an autotransformer in an AC test set-up but used a isolating transformer on the mains side to keep me safe. Why not use a transformer from a old wall adapter? This is much safer and more readily available to the hobbyist?
Max, Your transformer is NOT isolated. That's what the "Auto" in the name is. Your good quality auto transformer has its circuit diagram shown on the front panel to remind you.
Test it with a Ohm meter..
Your otherwise excellent video is likely to be on TH-cam for many years to come. Please consider re-editing it before someone copies you, but gets a shock. You have responsibility to your viewers, not to mention liability..
I am not the only one to mention this in the comments. Don't assume that we are all novices out here
GreatScott already talked about it in this video:m.th-cam.com/video/trmxzUVT2eE/w-d-xo.html.
What he tried to say in this video is that there is a safe voltage between the outputs of the autotransformer.
hey scott.... can u make a video on controlling 220volt AC fan speed controller using triac or thyristor and arduino...
@@tripplefives1402 You can control the speed by lowering the torque just fine, ac fans do it that way, and I've seen fans that use dimmers to control the speed, creating a variable frequency sine wave would be overkill for just a fan
I hope, I overlooked something, but: An Autotransformer is not an isolating transformer.
One of the contacts is connected straight through, while the other gets transformed.
Which means, if you connected live and neutral on the input side in reverse (or plugged the plug in the other way around) you would have 230V live mains on one end of the output cable (and 225 to 235V AC on the other (differential being only 10V of course)). But the 230V are still earth referenced, so current would still flow through you like touching a live wire!
+LeoDJ True. I always check the wires on the input beforehand.
Awesone,LOVE your Electronics basics!
+Miroslav Vučetić Thanks
hey Scott, I have tried to built a dimmer as fan regulator , as I am from india here we using 240v and 50hz ac so first I stepped it down to around 12v ac and fed it to full wave rectifier so and then connected + terminal of bridge to pin of 4n25 via 1k resistor and pin2 with (-)bridge , I am using pic microcontroller all is working fine in Proteus simulation , after detection of falling edge of interrupt firing 500us pulse to moc 3021 pin1 so according to theory I hoped to get around supply ac but in result I am getting 170v only , result is not according to theory but if I fed continuous 5v to pin1(moc3021) I get full ac supply , I am so stucked so can you tell me what is the reason?
Thank you for the lesson fast thinckers understand...
I was waiting for it for ages... Thank you!!
In circuit at 4:00 , the resistor going to the optocoupler (4N25) is only 165 ohm which will only drop 8.25V when 50mA flows though it leaving 4.65V (12.9-8.25) across the diode of optocoupler which will destroy it as per the datasheet.
So my question is how you calculated the resistance value for the optocoupler, are you using the peak voltage or RMS voltage because in both cases the resistance value doesn't match my calculation.
Don't know what he did. Datasheet says 10mA typical LED current. So the resistance value for the optocoupler (LED-side) should be R=9*sqrt(2) V / 0.01 A=1272 Ohm., right?
As a 30 yr tech, these are great refreshers.
Olayı aşmış o kadar profesyonel cihazları var ki ellerinde gece elemanları önüne bıraksan sabaha kadar proje devre hazır şekilde
You are a great engineer. 💝💝💝
Nice!!!! I have a printer I tore down for project parts (HP LaserJet 1012). It has a circuit straight off of the mains voltage (120v/60Hz) that consists of an inductor-HV film capacitor-Triac (BCR8PM) w/ Opticouple (3SD21)-feeding into a 24vDC/240vAC 10A Relay. The circuit feeds the heating elements of the "ink setting" system. I've been scribbling all over this PCB trying to figure out how this 'triac thing' works....Then, in a break from my frustrations...you read my mind, mid project, and I got schooled ;)
Nice instructional video!!! Very well sequenced. I learned a lot. Thanks
hey great scott the video was great but the explanation was less and tough to understand i think there is a need to make part 2 of it ...consider thinking over my suggestion
+Tech Inventor Aman There will be no part 2
@@greatscottlab Well, that sucks a lot.
@@VidarrKerr Not really. What would the part 2 be? He pretty much covered all the basics to get you diving into it.
@@monelfunkawitz3966 Yeah, diving into other peoples' videos and writing. He could have made a part II for his fans/followers, so we don't have to go elsewhere. That's just good business.
Great of GreatScott!
Wow very good explanation, it's useful for both experts and beginners. Good work and thank you for your efforts.
+Mliki Hazem Thanks mate ;-)
sometimes i forget you are from germany, but underlining with a geodreieck reminds me that every time.
Scott thats a wonderful video but i think u should use a snubber circuit RLC if we want to controll an inductive supply
Preparing for my SEM exams watching GreatScott 😂
Will you please show how to demagnetize a magnet with TRIAC?
Really nice videos, keep up the good work.
I have just one small question, by switching the triac what do we actually control. i.e. the AC voltage or the AC current.
I mean to as if i monitor the AC Waveform across the load then will i get to see a clean sine wave?
The Triac behaves like a full-bridge rectifier made from diodes. It is either fully on or fully off and does not limit voltage or current in the way that a Transistor (MOSFET) would. Instead, the current is controlled by waiting to activate the gate of the Triac until some number of milliseconds after the ac wave crosses the zero point. The full 60hz wave is 16.67ms wide, so each half is 8.33ms wide. He controls power delivery by adjusting the delay between 1 and 10ms before activating (closing) the Triac, which results in very crude waveforms which either begin partway into each half of the 60hz signal (1-8ms delay) or completely skips one half of the wave altogether, and a little into the next (10ms delay). As such using either a 4ms or 9ms delay is about the same in terms of getting half of the power, but using a 7ms delay would be far, far less.
If you want a clean sine wave then you'd want to use a linear regulator (MOSFET) instead of a Triac. It would be less efficient for some uses and more efficient for others.
...just wondering, when you are going to make a TO-220 type case-compatible three-pin package that is easy on breadboards--just get a pair of needle-nosed pliers and twist the pins 90 degrees and they slip into the breadboard EASIER than a 1/4 W resistor!!
This is way a lot better than my college. :(
Well done! Keep such basics coming! 👌👍
I don't understand how there are 21 people that hate technology enough to give this a thumbs down, yet they used a computer long enough to make it here and give a thumbs down.
Ikr!
maybe they dont like the lession
+wrathofsocrus they just dont beleive in time travel. very sad indeed
It's actually 45 people
+wrathofsocrus or This Can be a fact That thay consider Good as Bad and vice versa.....ooo wicked
Great video! Could you please explain how to wire up the zero crossing detector circuit which is safe to use and doesn't use a transformer? The non-isolated step-down DC power supplies seem a bit scary to me.
Well done Scott.
Please create video on controlling AC motors using Triacs!!!! Details on Snubber calculation would also be very appreciated!
Really helps to understand electronics. How would you make a home power conditioner to enhance protection for equipment ?
Can you do an example with trailing edge switching so you don't start with the large pulse of leading edge triggering. Intuitively it appears that this is kinder to the load
Very interesting video for beginners like me (still, it's very dense and would need some further study to fully understand what you say). 17 people not liking your video ? Why the haters ?
This is a really mind blowing video!! Thanks so much for sharing this valuable knowledge! Im using your idea into my final course work. By the way, one thing I would suggest is to change the map function on your code. The potentiometer is being mapped from 0 to 10,000 microseconds (which corresponds to 1 period of the 60 Hz signal), but Arduino nano is getting the zeros in 120 Hz, because you rectified the AC signal. Then, instead of mapping from 0 to 10,000 I would suggest you to do it from 0 to 8333. That helped me here :)
I've modified the code again. I mapped from 1000 to 8000. I've put 1000 because arduino needs to wait the 1ms pulse from the digital input 2 and decrease to 8000 to avoid crossing the next pulse.
What would be the model numbers for a typical jelly-bean thyristor and triac to buy to learn with? Thank you.
At around 3:15, you said 9V RMS. I looked it up and learned a bit about Root Mean Square, but I'm having trouble understanding it. Perhaps you could do a video on that?
+Ricardo Sanjay I put it on my to do list.
You need to revisit this subject again but this time you must add a LPF to the output of the TRIAC am curious to see how the waveform would turnout.
Scott, your videos are amazing. But could you put the aproxx cost of the things you build? would be really nice
great explanation! thanks. A very helpful video!!
I think you missed a really good practical application demonstration opportunity. As the name implies Thyristors are great for making latching circuits using push buttons!
Great video. Can you please clarify the Ac unit you were using and A SAFE voltage to experiment with, is it max 50v Ac. Also what is the safest way to move from DC TO AC work. This could be a great help to those of us that only work on DC.
Maybe this could be a future project.
Thank you
not a full bridge rectifier, but a FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!!!
Hey I have a doubt .. why not just directly feed the 9 V AC voltage to the option isolator? You'll still get a approx. square wave for the positive cycles and you can use the state change triggered external interrupt in your Arduino ....
If you take a look at the detailed symbol of an opto-isolator you'll notice that it has a light emitting diode on one side ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opto-isolator ). Depending on the rating, an AC signal may blow out the diode. Otherwise it would only respond at 60hz (only half of the wave above 0v) rather than 120hz (both halves of the wave).
Hello Scott ! So the yellow wire goes to.......LOL............I love your video keep up the good work.
The TRIAC latch signal, (OUTPUT from arduino), stays on after 'zero cross + 10ms'. The TRIAC turns off around each zero cross, obviously, but is it ok to leave the gate on all the time?
I connect a fan dimmer with 220V bulb and then oscilloscope by changing the knob light was dimining but oscilloscope showed no phase change.
Could have used a diac instead of the arduino and rectifier.
Hello, your videos are great ! I was thinking about one project if u can demonstrate kr at least talk how to make-turning on a car with some kind of remote ? A real car.
Thanks ! Keep publishing :)
Love what you do, you just need to slow down a notch
Hi sir,
First of all thanks for all the awesome videos, always a fan of them.
I am using arduino--> optocoupler-->triac--> bulb.
I want to dim the bulb, i have tried changing the duty cycle but it keeps blinking and does not dim like an LED. Can you tell me why this happens?
Thanks in advance !
sooo nicely explained thanks
waiting next one
So you basicly build a solid state relay and controlled it with an arduino?
nice vid ,its good to remember theese things
A brilliant video, I have been trying to,fix a dimmer lamp. Could not find a good description of hoe it worked.
Could you advise how you measured this with a scope, as I am not sure on ac where to connect the ground clip.
sir can you please upload a video on piezoelectric transducer
How to correct power factor due to non-sinusoid generated by TRIAC?
Hi
Been watching your videos and must say you very very creative and knowledgeable. Thanks for sharing.
Any chance you had a look at the new ch347?
Excellent tutorial!
Wow this is a great video just like all the rest of yours. Awesome! A lot goes over my head. I'm trying to learn on my own, is there any books or places you could recommend. Im learning alot off of youtube but just wanted your opinion. This is very confusing stuff
Hello I have unusual question wuld that circuet work with pick up coils found in distributors?
I have for days problems finding corect circuet to interupt pick up coils going to ignition module .
So any help please?
Is there specific frequency/voltage range that needs to be known first to make centrain circuet and how does the calculation is done?
Good and informational video!!
THAT WOULD BE AWESOME!
Autotransformers do not provide electrical isolation from the mains. How did you probe the thyristor in the vídeo (03:17) without shorting a phase to ground trough your oscilloscope? I'm currently having problems with this limitation but can't find a easy solution.
Maybe you sorted his out. You could connect an isolating transformer before the autotransformer. If you have two transformers 220/12V put them back to back and this provides actually double isolation. Then probing is totally safe!
Thanks for making the video.
HI Scott I have an idea... maybe create a drone like the DJI. its an idea to put in mind so yeah awesome vids though..
I am requesting to GreatScott!........ ... .
pls make a video on Transistor(specially I need to know how to test a Transistor good or bad) like this video. if you made it previously then reply link pls.
speaking about a power drill with controllable speed, is there any way you could make a functioning one out of mostly parts you can get around the house? a techy...house....
+cameron bobak I put it on my to do list.
how to make dimmer with two thyristors, a diac, a capacitor, a resistor and a potensiometer? should I use two pulse transformers?
cheers from Indonesia
I didn't get it. What does a Thyristor do? I only got the controllable diode part. But what does that mean? i am lost...
Am I able to use a pulse width modulator to drive a thyristor to get 60 cycles per second. What should the width be. Would it be zero as in a slash? I love your videos. Thank you.
Hi i commented your last video but maybe you didnt see .i want to learn the electronic from the beginning with the easy electronic circuits. I go to high school and i want to learn it without going to university. I know nothing about electronics. I also have an arduino and by the way your videos are very supporting and they are awesome thank you for all videos.
If you have an advice i'll be very appreciated!! :)
+deniz adıgüzel It's easier than you think. Think of a very small project, do some research by searching the internet and then build it. Afterwards gradually move onto bigger projects.
I need iot based ac voltage control project can u please do video using nodmcuesp8266
Thank you very much for this video
Hey there Mr +GreatScott! Always love watching your videos. You seem to be having loads of fun :) Can I ask if you bought that variac from a spanish company called something like SATKIT or similar? Am thinking of picking up the 12amp / 3KVA version but was put off by the slightly lethal appearance. However you are not dead, so maybe it is not so bad :) Did you also use an isolation transformer? Should I get one to avoid being dead? They are very expensive :( Thanks for reading and keep on making awesome vids!
I believe There should more explanation about what he's is doing
Hello.
With zero cross detection AC regulator I would like to control welding transformer, but I saw the scope that for example 50% switch the transformer alwys will get the maximum voltage at turning on.
It would be better to turn on at 0V and trn off at some point not vice versa.
Can you please help how could I do that?
Hey! Can you please mention the three Thyristors shown at 0:24? Are those good for general experimentation to learn about these components?
An you also mention some general Triacs in those packages for the same purpose? I know TO-92 package doesnt make sense for such components but I am obsessed with it!
Very good videos!
Are you able to dim a LED lamp with this circuit?