Thanks for the great animation once again, Eugene. I've been watching your videos since 2011 when I was just a teen boy, and last month I finally got my master's degree in space physics. What a decade it has been! I wish you success in the future and hope to see many more interesting and informative animations of different topics in physics.
Your comment took me back to when I started studying electrical engineering 😃. I had the same question that you commented. But if you do the maths it becomes obvious. The current through a capacitor is I(t) = C dV(t)/dt where C is the capacitance of the capacitor and V is the voltage applied across it in time t. If V(t) is a sine function (i.e., AC voltage), I(t) will be cosine. Thus we get 90° phase difference. Similar relationship also exists for an inductor. If you are curious to know more, you can read Wikipedia's capacitor page under "theory of operation".
@@kirkhamandy I love your comment. Adding to that, if you want to go Even Further then you should recall that Maxwell equations were the collection and complete understanding / unification of prior scientists equations like Faradays equation , or even Biot Sevart's law. Or even Amperes Law! All within maxwells equations. Though maxwells change from integral form to differential form was very a very profound change at the time since it was such a different way to view E&M at the time. Instead of being the sum of parts it is viewed as the differentials of hidden Fields as they change. Quite a mathematical way to change how Physics was being done in that time period.
This video is great and almost perfect. My one suggestion: make the 6-E groups each a different color, then viewers will be able to follow a group as it moves (or doesn't move, for 90deg case)
1:30 If you're having some trouble visualizing it, the energy is flowing to the right of the screen when a given wire's voltage is higher, not flowing solely from the right wire. I was mixed up a little by my misinterpretation.
Yeah, at first that's how I was interpreting it at first--front and back--and that doesn't make sense. No it's net energy moving to the right of the screen like you say.
The last animation is what I needed for so long. In earlier stages, it wasn't clear where the energy goes, but in the last one, you clearly stated that the energy that is carried out by atoms is lost because of the heating in the wire and the light that is emitting from the lightbulb. Thank you so much.
Thank you so much for this amazing explanation! You’ve probably heard it dozens of times, but this visualization coupled with the narration is what allowed my understanding of this concept to “click” in my head. Albeit I studied for hours and sought out many resources to help me understand this concept, none has been able to both demonstrate this concept and explain it with such brilliant clarity. Thank you!
I was working with a technician today installing a 50 horsepower 3 phase induction motor into a very large HVAC unit (the motor weighed 500 pounds!). On the motor nameplate, there was a bit of information that stated: PF(cos Φ)=0.84. I was trying to explain the meaning of that to him. I drew the power triangle for ac circuits but it was not as intuitive as this. I will send him this video . Thanks again!
I think it would be really cool if this team created a sort of "Interactive Widget Museum" type of video game that let you interact with these visualizations with dials and buttons and so forth, so you could learn through exploration and experimentation similar to the Tensorflow's "A Neural Network Playground"
its notquite the same, but in case you don't know them yet, you may be interested in Phet's simulations: phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/filter?subjects=physics&type=html&sort=alpha&view=grid
@@EugeneKhutoryansky The amount of people I've met over the years (including friends/coworkers/family, etc.) that I've sent to your channel..I'd say no less than 99% of them have had LOTS of 💡 (I GET IT!!) moments! Its a great thing! Thanks for all those whom you've helped and WILL continue to help and inspire!
Do not have words to explain how beautiful the explanation was....i wish I could have seen them when I was studying...it would have made me the subject sooooooo easier...but I will recommend all my students to watch these videos...they just make the subject so easy to understand n remember...good job sir.
Modern students don't know how lucky they are to have all of the videos on your channel to help them visualize what they are studying. This is 1000x more effective than a lecture and some drawings.
I was a film major and did sound design and animation as well, but was always fascinated and excelled at math, science, physics etc. I wish I would have gone that route, but by watching your videos I get to pretend that I did, while also appreciating your incredible animations! :).
Nice video! Though I still can't visualize in the end on what happens if the voltage and current is 90 degrees out of phase. Will the energy just move back and forth without transferring to the light bulb? And given that the energy has to be lost by the resistor, how will the energy source compensate with that? Thank you for your response!
The voltage and current can be 90 degrees out of phase only if the load has no resistance, as in the case of an ideal capacitor or an ideal inductor. Therefore, if the load is a light bulb, the voltage and current can't be 90 degrees out of phase, because the light bulb has at least some resistance to it, and it is this resistance which dissipates power. For an ideal capacitor or an ideal inductor, they can't dissipate power, they can only absorb energy and then release it back again. And yes, the energy source will keep adding energy to the system to compensate for the energy lost in the resistance of the wires.
Your videos on electrical concepts really helps me in my studies a lot , I saw your Fourier and Laplace videos recently which brings me theoretical bookish world to dimensions of imagination . Love from india ❤️❤️❤️
Thanks. 1:15 I still have a hard time realizing whether the net flow of energy boxes goes from left to right. Doesn't it go from right to left ? And I guess they get consumed in the load. Was this shown in the simulation?
The best picture explanation of reactive power. When I first learned it decades ago, it was just a part of equation and I had no clue what the heck this really was verging on something magicky like imaginary power/dimension especially when you deal with imaginary numbers.
I recognize a couple of those electrons from my childhood. Just for a moment they helped with lighting my flashlight, then I never saw them again cause they were only DC trained but then. It looks like their parents were finally able to send them to AC university. It's good to see they did well for themselves!
Thanks a lot for explaining your sharp & astonishing point of views about engineering phenomenons. You are a great physicist who share her/his ( i don't know exactly who you are! You are some body like Satoshi Nakamoto) brilliant ideas with folk. Sincerely Yours
can you pls explain what is the meaning of differentiation of any vector field like [F(x,y) = 4xi + 7j ] what does dF/dx mean geometrically ? btw great content
@Tanvir Farhan, you understand regular (univariate) calculus? Then to see what ∂F/∂x means, visualise the x-y plane with the value of F(x,y) plotted on the z-axis, and take a slice/cross-section of that graph for some particular value of y. Then ∂F/∂x for that value of y tells you the slope of that cross-section in terms of x. Eugene actually already has a video on this topic: th-cam.com/video/GkB4vW16QHI/w-d-xo.html
In 1985 I signed a contract with Teledyne to deliver a power supply with 80% power factor for the general aviation computer for the F-16. They told me a $2,000 [lot of money back then] Valhalla power meter needed to be giving the right answer for me to know it is working right. I hope things got better since then.
One question: So the "E" blocks are supposed to represent the energy stored in the system? If so, the energy is stored in the magnetic and electric fields around the wires. The loop formed by the two conductors has a magnetic field inside it, and the energy in this field increases and decreases twice per cycle, once for each time the electric current reverses. Likewise, the electric field in the gap between the wires stores energy and increases and decreases twice per cycle, once for each time the voltage reverses. The net power delivered in either case is no power, but an electric current is present in the wire which does dissipate resistive power, as a wire allows a current to flow ideally instantaneously whenever a voltage is applied across it (and not with a lead or a lag).
Nice video! Although defining Real and Reactive power by the phase difference between current and voltage is only valid in the case sinusoidal signals. A more general way to define real power and apparent power is: Real = avg(current(t) * voltage(t)), Apparent = rms(current(t)) * rms(voltage(t)).
I have seen that the energy transferred by a circuit does not actually flow through the wire, but through the space around it as given by the Poynting vector. How can this be visualised?
Hi thanks for the video. I understand the concept of energy boxes of charges and why they increase or decrease depending on their "height", but why and how are they transfered from the "higher" charges to the "lower" charges ? Also I don't really understand what can make the current and voltage more or less in-phase.
They are transferred through the energy stored in the electromagnetic fields between the wires. The extent to which the voltage and current are out of phase is determined by the amount of inductance and capacitance in the circuit, as described in my video at th-cam.com/video/zO7RZZW0wSQ/w-d-xo.html
i understand apparent vs real power a lot better now but i feel like i dont get what reactive power is useful for is it simply a measure of losses to being out of phase or is it some form of useable power we can get out of the system if we design circuits in a special way?
No, reactive power can't be made into usable power, unless we make the voltage and current more in phase, in which case we are reducing the reactive power and increasing the real power.
I already have several videos on this. Links to two of them are below. th-cam.com/video/FoR3hq5b5yE/w-d-xo.html th-cam.com/video/iIWTRwJlrGo/w-d-xo.html
One of the most brilliant physics channel in the world...
Thanks for the compliment.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky you're awesome
Wish we had had teachers like Eugene, regardless time and location this channel is indeed a blessing
Unfortunately, the music is annoying sometimes. For me, it's too much, I always have to mute his videos. Great work though!
Yes
I got addicted to your way of Physics in my Engineering days 2 years back. Still continues.... Salute You Boss!! 🤜🤜
Thanks.
This is the best visual of the “Power Triangle” I have ever seen!
Thanks for the compliment.
Whoa! Never in my life i have visualised it this way . Thanks for the new perspective man !
I am glad my video helped you visualize this with a new perspective. Thanks.
Thanks for the great animation once again, Eugene. I've been watching your videos since 2011 when I was just a teen boy, and last month I finally got my master's degree in space physics. What a decade it has been! I wish you success in the future and hope to see many more interesting and informative animations of different topics in physics.
Thanks. I very much appreciate that.
I never knew electricity worked in such an insane way. How the hell did anyone figure that out on their own.
Your comment took me back to when I started studying electrical engineering 😃. I had the same question that you commented. But if you do the maths it becomes obvious. The current through a capacitor is
I(t) = C dV(t)/dt
where C is the capacitance of the capacitor and V is the voltage applied across it in time t. If V(t) is a sine function (i.e., AC voltage), I(t) will be cosine. Thus we get 90° phase difference. Similar relationship also exists for an inductor. If you are curious to know more, you can read Wikipedia's capacitor page under "theory of operation".
It is because Tesla, he realized it was necesary to make electric rotator motors to work out
@@kirkhamandy I love your comment. Adding to that, if you want to go Even Further then you should recall that Maxwell equations were the collection and complete understanding / unification of prior scientists equations like Faradays equation , or even Biot Sevart's law. Or even Amperes Law! All within maxwells equations. Though maxwells change from integral form to differential form was very a very profound change at the time since it was such a different way to view E&M at the time. Instead of being the sum of parts it is viewed as the differentials of hidden Fields as they change. Quite a mathematical way to change how Physics was being done in that time period.
@@justanotherguy46 thank god someone mentioned faraday
Not on their own it took a lot of guys who had nothing better to do
This video is great and almost perfect. My one suggestion: make the 6-E groups each a different color, then viewers will be able to follow a group as it moves (or doesn't move, for 90deg case)
This would really really help
1:30 If you're having some trouble visualizing it, the energy is flowing to the right of the screen when a given wire's voltage is higher, not flowing solely from the right wire. I was mixed up a little by my misinterpretation.
Yup this helped a lot, thabks
Yeah, at first that's how I was interpreting it at first--front and back--and that doesn't make sense. No it's net energy moving to the right of the screen like you say.
thank you
Literally no one can explain this as good as you did. Keep it up 👍. I never miss a single video of yours as they are so good 🤩🤩🤩🤩
Thanks for the compliment and I am glad that you like my videos. Thanks for watching all of them.
This was the one concept I could not wrap my head around in circuits. I finally understand! You have a rare gift for simplifying complicated ideas!
Thanks for the compliment. I am glad my video was helpful.
The last animation is what I needed for so long. In earlier stages, it wasn't clear where the energy goes, but in the last one, you clearly stated that the energy that is carried out by atoms is lost because of the heating in the wire and the light that is emitting from the lightbulb. Thank you so much.
Thanks.
Thank you so much for this amazing explanation! You’ve probably heard it dozens of times, but this visualization coupled with the narration is what allowed my understanding of this concept to “click” in my head. Albeit I studied for hours and sought out many resources to help me understand this concept, none has been able to both demonstrate this concept and explain it with such brilliant clarity. Thank you!
Thanks for the compliment. I am glad my video was helpful.
I was working with a technician today installing a 50 horsepower 3 phase induction motor into a very large HVAC unit (the motor weighed 500 pounds!). On the motor nameplate, there was a bit of information that stated: PF(cos Φ)=0.84. I was trying to explain the meaning of that to him. I drew the power triangle for ac circuits but it was not as intuitive as this. I will send him this video . Thanks again!
Thanks!
This is a state of the art method. I always use to search why does the power depends on the phase, now I believe that my hunt is over. Thanks again.
I am glad that I was able to answer your question. Thanks.
So excited about your new video!:D
I am glad you like my videos. Thanks.
I’ll never miss one of your vids, thx for existing 🤧
Thanks. I am glad you like my videos.
Another amazing video, great work, keep it up guys!!
I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.
waiting for this topic from your side since many days ,your effort is excillent making every concept so easy and understandable
Thanks for the compliments.
Thank you...
These animations make every concept more interesting 🥰
Thanks. I am glad you like my animations.
I think it would be really cool if this team created a sort of "Interactive Widget Museum" type of video game that let you interact with these visualizations with dials and buttons and so forth, so you could learn through exploration and experimentation similar to the Tensorflow's "A Neural Network Playground"
its notquite the same, but in case you don't know them yet, you may be interested in Phet's simulations: phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/filter?subjects=physics&type=html&sort=alpha&view=grid
This is fantastic! What a powerful (pun intended) representation! It feels so intuitive when seeing it represented this way!
Thanks. I am glad you liked my explanation.
This is quite cool on what the meaning of power factor. Thank you so much. Very enjoyable. Love the analogy.
Thanks. I am glad you enjoyed my video.
Absolutely beautiful videos as always
Thanks for the compliment. I am glad you like my videos.
Out of all the videos these are THE BEST
Thanks.
Thank you for the time and effort.
Thanks.
Great explanation. You spread the knowledge to all over the world. Thank you.
Thanks for the compliments. I am glad you liked my explanation.
Thankyou!!!!!! I was not able to imagine that!!!! 😃🤩
I am glad you liked my visualization and that it was helpful. Thanks.
Wonderful explanation! It was just what i needed to have several concepts in ac-power to click together in my brain!
Thanks. I am glad my explanation was helpful.
This channel helps me fill in all those missing gaps from poor teaching methods and/or 'required' teaching methods. LOVE this Channel so much!!
I am glad my videos are helpful. Thanks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky The amount of people I've met over the years (including friends/coworkers/family, etc.) that I've sent to your channel..I'd say no less than 99% of them have had LOTS of 💡 (I GET IT!!) moments! Its a great thing! Thanks for all those whom you've helped and WILL continue to help and inspire!
Thanks!!!
Great visualization. I knew this already but I have a new way of internalizing it now. Glad I watched.
I am glad you liked my video.
Brilliant, well done!
Thanks for the compliment. I am glad you liked my video.
Do not have words to explain how beautiful the explanation was....i wish I could have seen them when I was studying...it would have made me the subject sooooooo easier...but I will recommend all my students to watch these videos...they just make the subject so easy to understand n remember...good job sir.
Thanks for the compliments about my explanation. I am glad you liked it.
Brilliant ,Thank you Eugene Khutoryansky!!!
Thanks for the compliment.
Best video ever in my life. Magnificent!
I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.
The best visualisation I've ever seen to understand reactive power. I like that you don't just explain the maths like so many other channels.
Thanks for the compliment about my visualization.
Modern students don't know how lucky they are to have all of the videos on your channel to help them visualize what they are studying. This is 1000x more effective than a lecture and some drawings.
Thanks.
This is great lecture, thanks!
Thanks.
Superb as always. Quite nifty.
Thanks for the compliment.
Thank you Eugene! I've got an exam about this next week
I am glad I finished my video just in time for your exam.
I was a film major and did sound design and animation as well, but was always fascinated and excelled at math, science, physics etc. I wish I would have gone that route, but by watching your videos I get to pretend that I did, while also appreciating your incredible animations! :).
Thanks for the compliment about my animations.
thanks for another awesome video. I would be ecstatic if one day we got a video about frequency combs
I will add frequency combs to my list of topics for future videos. Thanks.
Thanks Eugene, this is amazing!
Thanks. I am glad you liked my video.
One of the best channels for Physics! Kudos sir for your efforts!💗
Thanks for the compliments.
Thankyou for making my knowledge more clear..
I am glad my video was helpful. Thanks.
Nice video! Though I still can't visualize in the end on what happens if the voltage and current is 90 degrees out of phase. Will the energy just move back and forth without transferring to the light bulb? And given that the energy has to be lost by the resistor, how will the energy source compensate with that? Thank you for your response!
The voltage and current can be 90 degrees out of phase only if the load has no resistance, as in the case of an ideal capacitor or an ideal inductor. Therefore, if the load is a light bulb, the voltage and current can't be 90 degrees out of phase, because the light bulb has at least some resistance to it, and it is this resistance which dissipates power. For an ideal capacitor or an ideal inductor, they can't dissipate power, they can only absorb energy and then release it back again. And yes, the energy source will keep adding energy to the system to compensate for the energy lost in the resistance of the wires.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky thank you so much for answering, much clearer now!
Great video!
Thanks. I am glad you liked my video.
I'll not say: as usual .. you are great.
I'll say: your greatness is unusual.
Thanks.
Thanks for the compliment.
Soon this guy will revolutionize Physics and Mathematics .
The amount of subscribers is just a silence before that Storm.
Thanks for the compliment.
Your videos on electrical concepts really helps me in my studies a lot , I saw your Fourier and Laplace videos recently which brings me theoretical bookish world to dimensions of imagination .
Love from india ❤️❤️❤️
Thanks. I am glad that my videos are helpful and that you enjoy them.
Nice Explanation 🥳
I am glad you liked my explanation. Thanks.
Thanks a lot for the benefit information 👍👍
Thanks.
I'm waiting so long for this vídeo 😭😭😭
I am glad you liked my video and that this was the topic you were waiting for.
Bravo! Standing ovation!
I am glad you liked my video. Thanks.
Thanks a lot! Video is great
Thanks. I am glad you liked my video.
Thanks for the video!
Thanks.
Спасибо, Евгений!
Thanks.
1:15 I still have a hard time realizing whether the net flow of energy boxes goes from left to right. Doesn't it go from right to left ?
And I guess they get consumed in the load. Was this shown in the simulation?
Thanks for this amazing information 😉🤠 love you
Thanks.
The best picture explanation of reactive power. When I first learned it decades ago, it was just a part of equation and I had no clue what the heck this really was verging on something magicky like imaginary power/dimension especially when you deal with imaginary numbers.
Thanks for the compliment about my video.
Plz don't let our curiosity die!!😄😄😁 ...great way of explanation 🤝
Thanks. I am glad you liked my explanation.
I always First like your video !!!
Thanks for uploading Quality Content
Thanks. I am glad you like my video.
voltage is the energy per charge, current is flow of charge . very good . you are awesome.
Thanks for the compliments.
I recognize a couple of those electrons from my childhood. Just for a moment they helped with lighting my flashlight, then I never saw them again cause they were only DC trained but then. It looks like their parents were finally able to send them to AC university. It's good to see they did well for themselves!
thank you!
maybe you'll consider a video on TM transmission sometime, with modulation and carrier frequency.😋
1) This is no doubt the absolute best youtube channel.
2) How do you edit videos?
Thanks for the compliment. I make my 3D animations with "Poser."
@@EugeneKhutoryansky
Thanks a lot. I wish I could work with you for some time.
This would be super helpful at the start of a physics/electrical engineering program.
One suggestion for a topic: differential forms. I’ve always had a hard time visualizing them
I will add that to my list of topics for future videos. Thanks.
Showing the resistance in the circuit with energy boxes drop from the wire is brilliant and excellent.
Thanks for the compliment.
Especially where he shows the input of energy to the alternator from an external source.
love this channel
Thanks.
This video was amazing 😭
Thanks. I am glad you liked my video.
the most amazing channel
Thanks.
Do you have any videos on how AC units or heat pumps work at the particle level? All the descriptions I find are all very high level
I cover this in my original video on Thermodynamics at th-cam.com/video/GOrWy_yNBvY/w-d-xo.html
I wish i had this at school
Thanks a lot for explaining your sharp & astonishing point of views about engineering phenomenons. You are a great physicist who share her/his ( i don't know exactly who you are! You are some body like Satoshi Nakamoto) brilliant ideas with folk.
Sincerely Yours
Thanks for the compliments.
can you pls explain what is the meaning of differentiation of any vector field like [F(x,y) = 4xi + 7j ] what does dF/dx mean geometrically ? btw great content
I will add that to my list of topics for future videos. Thanks for the compliment.
@Tanvir Farhan, you understand regular (univariate) calculus? Then to see what ∂F/∂x means, visualise the x-y plane with the value of F(x,y) plotted on the z-axis, and take a slice/cross-section of that graph for some particular value of y. Then ∂F/∂x for that value of y tells you the slope of that cross-section in terms of x.
Eugene actually already has a video on this topic: th-cam.com/video/GkB4vW16QHI/w-d-xo.html
@@JivanPal that's PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION i was thinking in terms of vector field.and it's derivative is also a vector field which confuses me.
Amazing visualisation
I am glad you liked my visualizations. Thanks.
Best notification of the day!
Thanks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky Thanks for the video ☺️
Hello! I also watch math elite J P Yadav!
This is not a tutorial. This is a piece of art.
Thanks for the compliment.
Thank you everything is a extension Of Ourselves.
Everything works in unison.
VAR - Volt Amp Reactance. Thank you Dr. Silver.
That simulation at the end is spectacular
Thanks.
In 1985 I signed a contract with Teledyne to deliver a power supply with 80% power factor for the general aviation computer for the F-16. They told me a $2,000 [lot of money back then] Valhalla power meter needed to be giving the right answer for me to know it is working right. I hope things got better since then.
One question: So the "E" blocks are supposed to represent the energy stored in the system? If so, the energy is stored in the magnetic and electric fields around the wires. The loop formed by the two conductors has a magnetic field inside it, and the energy in this field increases and decreases twice per cycle, once for each time the electric current reverses. Likewise, the electric field in the gap between the wires stores energy and increases and decreases twice per cycle, once for each time the voltage reverses. The net power delivered in either case is no power, but an electric current is present in the wire which does dissipate resistive power, as a wire allows a current to flow ideally instantaneously whenever a voltage is applied across it (and not with a lead or a lag).
Wow. went a couple years just regurgitating this in my electrical blocks. Never been able to make sense of it. Aha moment for sure lol.
I am glad my video was helpful.
I want to learn how to think like this guy.
Just play around
Nice video!
Although defining Real and Reactive power by the phase difference between current and voltage is only valid in the case sinusoidal signals. A more general way to define real power and apparent power is: Real = avg(current(t) * voltage(t)), Apparent = rms(current(t)) * rms(voltage(t)).
Master class minimals.
1:16 How is there a net flow of energy boxes from the left to the right? I don't see it...
Brasil na área...
I have seen that the energy transferred by a circuit does not actually flow through the wire, but through the space around it as given by the Poynting vector. How can this be visualised?
You are great 👍👍👍👍👍
Thanks.
Keep making such videos on about electricity...
More videos are on their way. Thanks.
Thank you
You are welcome and thanks.
Amazing
Thanks.
Hi thanks for the video. I understand the concept of energy boxes of charges and why they increase or decrease depending on their "height", but why and how are they transfered from the "higher" charges to the "lower" charges ? Also I don't really understand what can make the current and voltage more or less in-phase.
They are transferred through the energy stored in the electromagnetic fields between the wires. The extent to which the voltage and current are out of phase is determined by the amount of inductance and capacitance in the circuit, as described in my video at th-cam.com/video/zO7RZZW0wSQ/w-d-xo.html
@@EugeneKhutoryansky I see, thank you for your help and amazing content
Is there any video on maximum power transfer dear @Eugene
That is on my list of topics for future videos. Thanks.
@@EugeneKhutoryansky i am waiting
i understand apparent vs real power a lot better now
but i feel like i dont get what reactive power is useful for
is it simply a measure of losses to being out of phase
or is it some form of useable power we can get out of the system if we design circuits in a special way?
No, reactive power can't be made into usable power, unless we make the voltage and current more in phase, in which case we are reducing the reactive power and increasing the real power.
Awesome videos...BUT someone is copying all your videos, named 'Engineering Pathshala'. Please take strict action.
Thank you. Can you make video that explains subatomic particles?
I already have several videos on this. Links to two of them are below.
th-cam.com/video/FoR3hq5b5yE/w-d-xo.html
th-cam.com/video/iIWTRwJlrGo/w-d-xo.html
Binge worthy content!
Thanks.