Mark Is our Earliest Jesus Story--How We Know and Why it Matters!
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 ก.ย. 2024
- The so-called Priority of Mark, that is, the idea that Mark wrote first, and was then used as a source by Matthew, Luke, and even John and the Gospel of Peter, is not just an academic armchair issue. It is perhaps the most significant realization one can reach in understanding how the Jesus Story unfolded.
In this video I present a side-illustrated lecture that makes this clear for anyone willing to do a bit, into our sources. I lay this out clearly in this interview with TH-cam host Jacob Berman @JacobBermanHistoryValley . I also am sharing here the link to the PDF file with the slides I used in the lecture so you can study beyond the lecture:
jamestabor.com/...
My course on Mark is available at the link--but why study Mark? Why does it matter? I hold the view that the Gospel of Mark is the most influential document in history...why and how unfolds in the course.
Order here:
One-line Course: Creating Jesus--Why Mark's Gospel was Forgotten
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Dr. Tabor. You an Barbra Theide were my favorite professors at UNCC. To this day i think about both of yall. Helped me out when my mom passed. Can never and will never forget yall. 3 semesters with you and 3 with her. Thanks for being there for me
Bottom of my heart thanks
Dr. Tabor, you are 100% a class act. You have the highest level of integrity 👏. I have been a fan of you, your books, and your work for many, many years now. Thank you.
Mark reads like a detective story.
Where the autor and the reader knows what happened and who did it but the characters only found in the end
The Greek is not the best of the NT and the autor seems to not know the Hebrew Bible like it would be expected in a Jew but it's an amazing piece of ancient literature
From what I understand the gospel writers were using the Septuagint.
@@davidkeller6156 But Mark misquote both
@@delfimoliveira8883 That happens when you are making stuff up.
He’s not too good at geography, either.
All the gospels read like that. It's following how all Hebrew narrative stories work showing ironies where many truths and understandings are only in hindsight.
Puts a whole new meaning on "missing the Mark".
9minutes in and I'm already hooked.
Really, really thought-provoking.
Salaam to you and your family uncle❤️
from Cape Town, South Africa 🇿🇦
I’m a huge and long term Bart Ehrman fan but Dr Tabor takes it to a new and different level. Just seriously impressive…. He really has spat in my eyes and made me see the obvious…
They are both scholars
@@Isaac5123we know that
@@julianhe7348 have you got too much time on yr hands?
@@Isaac5123 Interesting that you say that. We all know they are both scholars. Still you're trying to school us about it. Must be you are the one having too much time.
He spit on your eyes?
Thank you so much, Dr Tabor ❤
Love your channel thanks Dr James Tabor. I enjoy to learn more . And i feel your channel is one of the very best. Thanks so much. All the best with everything !
Q sayings , eye witness account$
Wow that was intense. You take away the Virgin birth and also the resurrection. But was n't this also common in the Roman world? For instance, how Jesus turns the water into wine. Typical also of the Roman deity .I wonder how much of the gospels and the Epistles are structured from Hellenistic and Roman culture.
I really enjoyed this. Thank you very much.
¿’93? Well, I would have said either "'92" or after Juice & Kato ran-away from pigs"
'93; loss of Left-Eye cut's I deeper.
Peace be unto Palestinian Christians.
Scrolls in Tibet
I'm pretty sad that, it isn't free, I am not well off, not affordable for me.
Moi aussi, ma petite! 😢
I find secret Mark very interesting, part of the gospel removed. 🌀🌀
Albino im a ex CHRISTIAN i subscribed 😊
Someone arguing Luke being first is just weird.
It is so clearly making apologetics in response to criticisms of Matthew while borrowing the apologetics Matthew already came up with in response to Mark.
I haven't seen the argument so I can't really say. But I can't help but think that it would be less complicated and more convoluted.
It'd be interesting to hear out if nothing else. Personally I think Mark being first makes a whole lot of sense and it would take more than just an argument to unseat its position.
You'd benefit greatly looking into it, if for nothing more than gaining insights the scholars are seeing to make their arguments. Fun stuff.
Could Mark have been written in the second century? If not, why.
😢 YAHUSHA spoke to Moses, I AM before Abraham was. 🤐
At 56:50 you say there is alot of persecution of the Jesus movement by the Pharisees in the 80's. There is no evidence for this, so what is the basis for this claim?
the death of james? thrown off a building ?
10:22 Mythvision podcast as a vehicle 🚖 ❤🎉
I wish I could afford course but too many children/grandchildren to support. I watched video on HV. I studied western religion at Indiana U. I understand one of your proteges is teaching there now.
Take the course, take the course....
How many more times? He's not stopped after ten minutes...
I find that this person is a very good interviewer.
Jesus' teachings is what he gave us to live here on earth with each other..I never hear his teachings being discussed..this is a great tragedy
you must be a muslim to have this type of mentality.
I agree. The words of Jesus are rarely taught in full in churches today. Nor repentance and overcoming sins that cause eternal death. Its all a bunch feel good, worthless Rah Rah baloney. I stopped attending in 2000 and started reading the Bible for myself. Ill NEVER go back.
jadaze1 that is vacuous argument that jesus never taught in churches, there were NO churches in the time of jesus, except synonagues or preaching in the streets. The idea of sin causing eternal death is because our own bad desires and unethical behavior we live for a short period, that's the idea of sin causing eternal death. Jesus had taught repentance From that time Jesus began to preach, saying, “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.” (Matthew 4:17
I have not come to call the righteous but sinners to repentance. (Luke 5:32)
Unless you repent, you will all likewise perish. (Luke 13:3, 5) These are all examples that Jesus taught repentance.
How do we really know what Jesus taught?
*"Neither the evangelists nor their first readers engaged in historical analysis. Their aim was to confirm Christian faith (Lk. 1.4; Jn. 20.31). Scholars generally agree that the Gospels were written forty to sixty years after the death of Jesus. They thus do not present eyewitness or contemporary accounts of Jesus’ life and teachings.*
Unfortunately, much of the general public is not familiar with scholarly resources like the one quoted above; instead, Christian apologists often put out a lot of material, such as The Case For Christ, targeted toward lay audiences, who are not familiar with scholarly methods, in order to argue that the Gospels are the eyewitness testimonies of either Jesus’ disciples or their attendants. *The mainstream scholarly view is that the Gospels are anonymous works, written in a different language than that of Jesus, in distant lands, after a substantial gap of time, by unknown persons, compiling, redacting, and inventing various traditions, in order to provide a narrative of Christianity’s central figure-Jesus Christ-to confirm the faith of their communities."*
*As scholarly sources like the Oxford Annotated Bible note, the Gospels are not historical works (even if they contain some historical kernels).*
*"Majority of Scholars agree: The Gospels were not written by Eyewitnesses - Escaping Christian Fundamentalism"*
Also, look up:
*"How do we know that the biblical writers were* ***not*** *writing history? -- by Dr Steven DiMattei"*
*"How Did The Gospel Writers Know? - The Doston Jones Blog"*
*"Yes, the Four Gospels Were Originally Anonymous: Part 1 - The Doston Jones Blog"*
*"Are Stories in the Bible Influenced by Popular Greco-Roman Literature? - The Doston Jones Blog"*
*"Gospels Not Written By Matthew, Mark, Luke or John - The Church Of Truth"*
@@epicofgilgamesh9964 the gospel of Mark is the oldest gospel, it was written 20 years after the death of Jesus, it is not a CENTURY ago. Oral tradition was first passed on before it was written, most biblical scholars say this, so what is your excuse for not making it valid if it is not a century ago, and it was first passed on orally??
Coalition Red fires burnings coal it iron red hot ants.
Arent paul and mark writers 200 years after
Matthew's handling of Judas, as compared to how John deals with the subject, is startling.
Waco was a tragedy, but more so, a massacre.
Some of the Gospels would seem to incorporate non-Christian traditions. If Mark is first, Matthew was well read enough to know of them and feel the need to add them to "jazz-up" Mark's story. Among the sources for the gospels should be listed those likely non-Chrisitan traditions.
Lol all christian traditions have non christian origins....so by your logic, shouldn't we just credit everything christian as non christian, thats, if we want to be technically correct and honest with ourselves....
The Coptic Orthodox Church has always said this, of course cherishing the Gospel of John the most.
It is said, that the Coptic Orthodox Church goes back to Mark around 50 AD.
Just to remind Dr. Tabor and viewers, gospel parallels are separated by decades, not centuries but decades,, with Mark being written first at around 70 AD, followed by Matthew around 80 AD, then Like around 90 plus AD, finally John around 100 to 110 AD To put them side by side as if written at the same time gives the wrong impression.
he doesnt sound likes hes a Christian, what is he?
if mark is 70 ad then when are puals? im sure his came first
Jesus is "the scapegoat".
A person who lowers himself to make us look like higher standing creatures, worthy of life.
Give me a break. Hundreds of thousands died in his bloodied name. If he was divine he would have foreseen this and kept his mouth shut or changed tactics. Jesus - nothing but a failure.
@@Thesortvokter . You don't understand what I say.
Jesus is anyone you love to hate.
Every man or woman you laugh at and enjoy talking evil about.
That is your true saviour.
People you can tower over and humiliate.
@@LevaISanningen What bullshit.
@@Thesortvokter No, that is a human need.
The Romans had the games and horrible punishment of criminals as entertainment.
Then witch burnings and beheadings. And today you spend plenty of time to enjoy crime shows and news and violence on TV.
All to save you from anguish.
You eat pizza and burgers to escape hunger. You view criminals to escape anguish.
It is true. Any psychologist can tell you.
@@LevaISanningen Yeah, the witches were slaughtered in Jesus' name, without him being divine enough to do anything about it. What a wanker and what a satanic legacy he left us.
Whats the point ?
How is Jerusalem
I heard that the Vatican has the original gospel of Marc , which is different from the Bible version. How can I get that? Anyone knows?
Could Mark be a refutation of Simon Magus and Dositheos the Samaritan?
That is to say,”Simon Magus is not a real magician who is good, Jesus was. And Dositheos is not the real Messiah, Jesus was and he is not interested in political power but a spiritual messiah.”
The enigmatic claim of messiah, plus the denial of power (the temptations and Peter “get behind me Satan”.)
Ancient aliens
Tiny point. The thumbnail for this video looks like P52, which is John, not Mark.
Marc must be the ébénistes version of the gospel
The Ebionites deny that Jesus is God.
Thank you Patrick for your thoughts and insights . Today’s lesson was meant for me. I really need to “clean house” and let go of the surplus of items that have no meaning to anyone but me.
The josephan passage is clear: john the baptist taught that baptism was not for forgiveness sins ,but only for the purification of the body.
The 5 gospels. Great book check it out it is a a collection of Jesus teaching or at least a collection of what would have most likely been a collection of his actual teachings
Saw you on HV,, awesome show awesome channel
hat is. Hv. Being tech poor, and no rv for a while found you tube, now have a subscription to bar
Thank you 🪔
Im curious as to why Marcion did not choose Mark over his version of Luke. Any thoughts?
May Allah bless you my friend
LOL
does islam know that jesus was jewish?
I love thr background in Tabor's videos. A classic professor's setting, undecorated and completely dedicated to scholarship, what with piles of books around
he doesnt sound likes hes a Christian, what is he
Tabor's interviews on the History Valley Channel are excellent.
THE KINGDOM OF GOD AND THE CHURCH OF OUR LORD ARE ONE AND THE SAME
What was the name of those who called themselves the POors?
REASONS WHY THE CHURCH OF CHRIST IS THE NEW TESTAMENT CHURCH
1. You can read about it in the New
Testament. (MATTHEW 16:18;
(ROMANS 16:16)
2. It has no creed but the Bible, binds
no name on members but Christ’s.
(ACTS 11:26; l PETER 4:16)
3. Its acts of worship are patterned
after New Testament examples.
(JOHN 4:24; ACTS 20:7;
I CORINTHIANS 16:1-2; EPHESIANS
5:19; COLOSSIANS 3:16)
4. It teaches that UNITY can be
achieved on all doctrinal disputed
questions. (JOHN 17:21;
I CORINTHIANS 1:10; EPHESIANS
4:4-6)
5. Its future: Eternal Glory with Christ.
(I THESSALONIANS 4:17;
MATTHEW 7:14)
THE CHURCH MUST WARE HIS NAME
You tried in Waco, but can't blame yourself for someone thinking they can take on the US government
As much as I detest Vernon Howel, the U.S. govt took on him, and seriously mishandled the situation.
I got to know Mark & James thru you. I really enjoyed knowing about them via your outlook.
Strain at a gnat. Swallow a camel. Why did Jesus not think it was important to write something Himself? Pretty short sighted, huh? Long story short, He didn't wright anything down because He was coming back. God is a Spirit and He is holy. Jesus Did come back on the day of Pentecost. And the true Church has been led by Him ever since then. The Kingdom of God is within you. It's the Baptism in the holy Ghost.
I saw this recently on history valley.
"..professing themselves to be wise..
I'm loving how you continue to add value to this course with these additional appearances with new angles.
I’m literally the 666th Like 😂
The church assumes these evangelists lived to very old ages. The only confirmed old man was John who miraculously lived to 100 years old.
If the Q source is a collection of Jesus sayings wouldn’t that necessarily mean there was a story of Jesus before Q was written. You’d think for people to care enough to wrote down his sayings they’d care even more to write his story first
What amazes me is that there are any writings of any sort at all at this time. the Jewish writers were living in land which was occupied by the Romans. If any manuscripts were discovered by the Romans the writers would have been imprisoned or worse
This is an old comment, but in my mind it actually makes sense that the sayings are written first. The stories aren’t too big of a deal and you only need to get the gist of it to know what’s going on, but if you actually want to know what the guy was teaching, you want to know what he was saying and don’t want to miss a single word of it.
Thank you James
Excellent video. Thanks for sharing.
Did the Pope took the course?
It doesn’t it’s all man made
I hope to watch your movie
Yes look at Mark but don't consider the last 11 verses of chapter 16
Very well done sir. Thank you
What was this Mark's motivation to have the first document? What are the possibilities. He knew Paul well. He was the messianic apocalyptic eschatological expert of the day. He didn't want to be found fighting against God. He knew the expounded testimonies already. He knew there was 100% failure rate for these movements. He had help from another contemporary of Paul, after he Paul was dead. Possible long term multigenerational purpose. So they could recognize the text themselves when they read it at the last generation. Deep calling unto deep. Gifts and callings of God are without repentance. They'll realize they know these deep truths because they own it. Could they be Gamliel and Barnabas? If I didn't understand how I knew I might say it's the flow that gives the tell. Recognizable literary uses. Hidden secret. Locations of hidden treasures and intact ancient scrolls. Speculation? Those guys were smarter than us and most believe the exact opposite. I wrote this comment before I started listening to the video. So you know I wasn't influenced by your teaching. Still a glass darkly, in part. All provable truths are his voice.
My guess is it as Justin Marytr claimed. The gospels were not important and were adventure stories that could be read if there was time because the simple folk like them.
@@davidfrisken1617can you provide a reference for that. I'm interested in reading the conversation
@@garlandjones7709 Search for “Memoirs of the Apostles”.
ACTS IS THE BOOK OF THE EARLY CHURCH AND THE KINGDOM OF GOD
Thank you
Jacob is an alternate universe version of Nicholas Cage in that he's at least 100 times smarter than Nicholas Cage but proportionally he's 100 times more boring.
lol
Why does everyone just forget about John
Fantastic.
Mark was the nephew of Barnabbas
Sounds so interesting
Peter went to Mark's house after he was freed from prison by the angel. Makes sense Peter and young Mark were already good friends in 45 AD.
When are we going to just admit that whoever is Paul or a follower of Paul simply CREATED Mark?
Is the Jesus of Islam the same as Christianity ?
Yes
Nah, in islam he is not even crucified, Allah just fools people into thinking so.
Yeshua is the same historic figure. The people of the Book are the Jews to live in the laws of Abraham and Moses. Then is brought Wisdom and The Gospel by Yeshua (Latin modern Jesus).
The Quran says he was not crucified, however there are sects of Islam that insist that passage means he was restored to life by Allah (Father), as crucified to an Arab is death not the act of nailing a person to a cross as Latins and Greeks see it.
They however do not acknowledge the Trinity, Triune God. Therefore most insist that the Gospels that reference two or three persons of God equal in authority and majesty, are corruptions by the neo pagans of Rome. They insist God is the god of Abraham, Ismael and Isaac and no separate manifestation of persons.
It is a technical difference but a big one. Islam, Jehovahs Witness, Momonism, Arianism all are classified as Jesus being a creation of God, and not equally divine.
@@STho205 ...and to think, it's aaall a perversion of the spiritual.
A large aspect of the Islam picture comes from the Infant Gospel of Thomas. The Thomas Church was one of the first and established in Iraq.
@8:14 Tabor says in Mark "Mary the mother of Jesus ... goes to the tomb"? I think not. Stick to the text. There are two Mary's there, yes. But in Mark's story Jesus' mother was a non-believer. Jesus only became the Son with baptism, so she was irrelevant for his "birth". Mark introduces the unnamed (!) mother and brothers first in in Mark 3:31-35:, in a parable to show what happens to non-believers, even blood relatives of the Lord: Jesus refuses to see them (and to save them!), and says to his flock: you are my family now. Typical cult-teaching. The mother is not saved! And Mark didn't want Jesus' blood relatives to claim the body either! The disciples get the honor to bury Jesus, while his infidel mother and brothers were back in Galilee. That was the story. Meaning the second Mary, "of Jacob"(in English confusingly "James"), who showed up at the tomb, was NOT Jesus' mother! Impossible! Mark didn't have a conversion story for the mother, did he? I even suspect that Mark 6:3, the line where the mother and brothers ARE suddenly mentioned by name (by the non-believers in Jesus' unnnamed home town), is an insertion, since Matthew en Luke don't have that scene, and John does (in more compact form). It's really not that complicated when you see the big picture ;)
In 64 AD Peter calls Mark his son in his letter meaning Mark was at least 20 years younger than Peter in 64 AD. I still don't know how church scholars come out with their dates 😮
i dont hink he meant his literal son bro
THE 400 YEARS OF SILENCE
With the completion of (MALACHI)
about 397 B.C. the Old Testament Cannon of Scripture is complete and we enter the period between the Old and New Testaments. During this period called “The 400 years of silence” God called no man in lsrael to be His prophet to the people.
It is during this time that the Apocrypha was written which is found in the Catholic Bible today. Some books such as l & ll Macabees are Jewish history, others such as Bell and the Dragon are fables and myths.
None of the Apocrypha is inspired
Scripture, none is quoted by Jesus, the Apostles, or any New Testament inspired writer, and none deserves to be included in the inspired Cannon of Scripture.
So much of New Testament doctrine was taken from 1 Enoch (a book in the Apocrypha). Hell, fallen angels + Demons, the separation and judgment of the dead, Michael, Gabriel, etc... These things didn't exist in Jewish theology until Enoch, and then later the New Testament. Its all man made my dude. Note 1 Enoch was one of the most popular books found among the dead sea scroll community. It ranked in 3rd place for the most copies found there. Jesus loved 1st Enoch.
@@WhatThisMeann ,
The Old Testament is the New Testament concealed.
The New Testament is the Old Testament revealed.
Christianity is false. My channel debunks Christianity.
Dr Tabor, thanks for your amazing information and interpretation. I have a question that is off this subject. I've watched some of your other episodes where you show us the Babylon or Hebrew map of the flat earth, the firmament, hades and the heaven of heavens.
My questions are as follows, is the earth flat?
Does the earth revolve around the sun?
Is the earth moving through space, or is ut stationary?
I always wondered where did the flat earthers movement get their ideas from. My curiosity was curbed when I saw your maps.
Now I am confused.
Some clarity would be appreciated please.
Paul is the greatest Christian who ever lived!
He was a member of the church of Christ!
There is no other doctrine that can save!
Why is is that when pointing out the reference to Isaiah and Malachi in Mark you never mention the YLT translation where it simply says “Prophets” and not Isaiah?
Mark 1:2 - As it hath been written in the prophets, 'Lo, I send My messenger before thy face, who shall prepare thy way before thee,' -- YLT
If I’m aware of it as a lay person It would be strange if you weren’t. I can’t read the Greek but there has to be a good reason why it was translated this way. Can you elaborate on this?
Strong's shows that Isaiah is in the greek. So Young left it out. Young was a weird guy. Shrug.
@@rainbowkrampus I see it in Strongs but the ESV which I primarily use has a note to that passage that says “some manuscripts in the prophets”
@@NHNEU1111 I did search for any manuscripts which use that initially but nothing came up. Might just be poor google fu. Might just be really uncommonly used manuscripts.
Smart money is probably on looking up which manuscript(s) Young used if that information is easily available.
I mean, the obvious reason is “because it sounds like a potential mistake, and the translator didn’t want his readers thinking Mark made a mistake.”
I agree Mark was first but his draft was first written on about 42 AD when Mark was still in his 20s. He was rich and educated he could have done this at that age. I don't know how the church tradition says these evangelists wrote their gospels when they were over 100 years old 😂 some like Luke in 130AD🤣
The Israelites, received, Salvation, thousands of years ago.The reveals, this Fact. They, received Salvation, not by the name, Jesus The Language Name Yakah, the Annointed One , was the Name, þhat g
Herod of Alexandria was an inventor who lived at the time of Jesus. He made 2 different types of trick wine jugs that would turn water into wine. His devices were well known among the elite of the era.
Þhe Israelites received Salvation, thousands of years, before Christianity. The Israĺites, did not receive Salvation, by the name, Jesus . The Name, Yakah, was the Ñàmè, by which, the Israelites, re ceived, Salvation This Name, is the Most Powerful Name, as opposed , to Jesus This name,is a Pagan, Blasphemous name. This means, that the Christian Gospel, is à Twist, from the Original, Gospel, of the Nazarene Sect Of the Jews, who were black people. The Roman Rulership, despised them, and was offended, by the Testifying, to the Name, Yakah . The Nazarenes, were, brutally, persecuted, by the Romans. The Nazarenes , were taken, to Heaven, when Yakah, returned , with His Powerful Angels. The Twisting, of this Gospel, was a Blasphemy. Christianity, is Doomed!
IF YOU CAME HERE SEEKING JESUS, YOU'RE ALREADY ON ""THE WRONG ROAD""
Mark clearly has his gospel from Peter - the internal evidence of the gospel itself, the historic
Mark is in the bible - nothing hidden - clearky most of it from Peter
Dr. Tabor is very very close to understanding this: Major rituals come to Christianity through Mark's story, and not vice versa. (Baptism, Eucharist, Messiah, Crucifixion, Resurrection.) Also, no one, including Paul, can have visions of Jesus Christ, unless they know the Story of Mark. The story came first.
@All About Britain So we are in agreement that he could have known! 😚
@All About Britain Surely if he persecuted and converted to something, he had to know what it was. Surely he preserved some of their teachings in his own beliefs. The narrative cannot completely post-date Paul. He must know of Jesus before having visions of Jesus.
Matthew gospel is the only truth for GOD'S lost people of Isra'el. I followed the teacher up the narrow path of absolute obedience and GOD is there. I walk with our God now in His covenant, by His commandments and regulations as shown in Deuteronomy the only true book of Instruction as called by GOD Himself. This is the only book called the instructions of GOD. Moses, Joshua and all the prophets teach the same thing, repent and take up the commandments to live.
Matthew/mattan gospel chapter 5,7,18,19.
The chapter 18 I Ezekiel shows we need no stupid idol to die for us as God made it simple, so even the dumbest of us can understand. You people complicated the truth by adding conjecture, like a bunch of disobedient children. Time to wake up and get out of sin. Stop walking in the valley of death, dead spiritually by your sins! Deep deep sins against our Creator!!
Hear o Isra'el YOUR GOD IS ONE, SO SERVE ONLY GOD. Do not make Graven images and bow down to them. Deuteronomy chapter 13, chapter 4.
I am Deuteronomy 30, a waking Isra'elite, maybe you are to, so obey God not man!
Come out of sin!
Church's tradition says Mark is the boy who runs naked from the garden. Makes sense. Makes sense Mark was with Peter in Rome in 64AD after he left Paul. Why the church come out with these incredible dates for the gospel,?😮😮😮
boring
He is incorrect . His theory is wrong.
Care to elaborate?
@@robinharwood5044 He makes good points but most scholars miss an important fact. The so called "Early Christians" were Jews. They were persecuted by the Romans. Their records were burned. Their leaders were jailed or killed. After Jerusalem was destroyed the Christians became gentiles. These gentiles attempted to reestablished the church. They rewrote the scriptures using scrapes of the former texts. Hence many Hebrew meanings were lost. Some of the new texts relied on memory. Hence there are errors. Gospels are named after the original writers. Letters like some of Paul's were produced by his secretary. Thus they are different in structure and style. Many letters and gospels were polluted or lost. For scholars to claim what the early saints had or constructed is poor speculation.
Paul tells Timothy to bring Mark with him to Rome. This narrative infers Mark was younger than Timothy in 60AD. Then Mark stays with Peter who calls this city Babylon!
how does this show mark was younger
@@wontedmiddle Mark was around 14 when Jesus was arrested
@@texaslocoman1 u got that info where
@@wontedmiddle Church Tradition and the letter of Paul to Timothy in 65 AD in prison in Rome. Paul tells Timothy to bring Mark with him because the young Mark could help.
Not hate is a double negative!