The first 3 months when i was starting at electronics i didn't understand a word you say in your videos, now when i watch your videos again it all makes a lot more sence. Your videos are great for people who already know how those things work and need more detailed explanation to truly master the use of it
This was a wonderful video! I loved how you very simply explained the pros and cons of using Relays vs MOSFETs vs Triacs for switching loads. That was the best explanation I've seen so far. Thank you very much for creating and sharing this quality content.
That was great, what I would really appreciate is for someone to make a video going through 4-8 relays, where they have the relay in hand and then they show the exact same thing on digikey/mouser and go to the schematic, run down all the items in the absolute max/ normal operating data for the first one, and then just explain the differences and what they are all typically used for (ie Vswitch and Vload + in what application) and what you could safely get away with.
i was waiting for the time when you say " but there is a problem ", ha ha ha so getting used to it now, found it @3:45 . PS: you explain things just the best way i cold possibly think of. Keep up. Thanks.
damn i didn't even realize he was a left hander - but completely agree. (my own handwriting sucks and i always blame it on being LH... looks like i need to find a new excuse)
@@greatscottlab Please contact me, I have many hundreds of new components i know nothing about and would like to see if you could use them in your videos or whatnot. I scrap metal for extra cash and a good company went and closed its doors. Threw everything out and i managed to get a few boxes. Mostley PCB's, MLC's, Simiconductorsand so on.... Quintana.derek@gmail.com 720476 Denver Colorado 0249 hope to hear from ya. By the way, been subscribed for a couple years now.
Thank you for the information. I'm just starting to mess around with microcontroller switching big loads so this guide helps put all the pieces together. :)
Wow, Great Presentation! I love your presentation style. Your drawing and handwriting are clear neat and smart indeed! Thank you so much for your lessons. By the way, the voice is yours or artificial?
So is the flyback diode necessary on a 230v coil relay because I would never have normally used 1 but I thought I would try it and the result was it simply blew the fuse on the plug I was using to test it
Hey Scott. A couple suggestions. I find it difficult to follow the diagrams when you're changing angles all the time. If this is to get out of the way of your hand, consider taking photos for the video after you've written the item down. It's also difficult to follow when the diagram isn't facing straight ahead. I realize you're trying to make it exciting, but there has to be some respect to what works and familiarity works. When we see the same diagram in the same position, it is easier to follow the message. If the position and angle change, we have to rescan the entire diagram just to see where you're adding this new information too. A second suggestion, buy a new highlighter. ;)
That moment when you learn more from a 8 minute long video that a 50 minutes long school lesson. This makes me wanna create a school where the lessons are based on TH-cam videos from people like Great Scott, PracticalEngineering , Tom Scott
There are also solid state relays. I work at a factory were we make electromechanical relays, some a lot more complicated than those shown. A lot of them have the diode you put on parallel already inside the relay. Overall, relays are very interesting pieces of technology that combine topics from science of materials, electricity and magnetism, even thermodynamics!!
Thanks for the video. Im making a composite video switch so I can run lots of computers on one composite to HDMI adapter for my little vintage computer museum im making and this was super helpful
Wow, these basics reminds me me of entering the class Elementary Classical Physics , and later thinking elementary to who? I had to listen to it several times; I catch more each time. Nicely done.; I learned a lot looking for a mechanical type relay (if there's such a thing, .. heh) like one operating by a motor and takes no power to maintain contact or disconnect. Like servo arm operated. Still looking lol .
Thanks for another video, you always get me thinking. That could be a good thing, or a bad thing, lol. The dreaded transient spike, or sometimes called inductive spike in the RC drone world. It’s been a past debate with RC motors about how to handle the spike, the old way was an electrolytic capacitor. Most of the time not correctly specked for the size of the spike and people wonder why the FPV and ESC still blow. But the cap may help filter line noise for the FPV camera like an incomplete LC filter. The new way argued as you mentioned is the flyback diode (or sometimes called snubber diode) but placement in the circuit is a big factor also. Then newer TVS diodes these days are not just for huge spike like lightning, but they are making them now for smaller spikes also. Plenty of choices depending on the application. I never thought about using an optocoupler for inductive spikes in the RC application world. I was trying to find a one fix fits all solution, but every RC drone is different, different power, different load, different esc’s. I didn’t think I will ever find a 1 fits all add on solution for everyone, so I put the project in hold and forgot about it. I don’t use relays often as you could guess, relays are a little big and slow for RC flying planes and quads (drones). But it makes senses, same kind of inductive load spike with the magnetic coil in a relay like the electric magnet in a motor. I wonder how small them come, how fast they can be, and if this might be a solution also? Now I have to go back and review notes, look at this with a new possibilities and different angles. You gave me a few ideas on an old project I forgot I was working on. I might need to get back to that project now. Thanks for the video, Scott Update: As I’m typing this I realized the optocoupler wouldn’t handle the load, and to use it for the esc signal line only would not isolate the spikes I’m looking to suppress. So back to the trusty diode theory and testing when I have time.
At 6:25, "the relay in this example won't work since we want to control the phase angle at a frequency of 50 Hz". I didn't understand this statement for why relay won't work. Could you please explain?
For smaller form factor relays I've noticed datasheets indicating they aren't designed for high duty cycles. I have a 12vDC thermostat project where I plan to use mosfets & a quad opti-isolator IC due to space constraints. I located some tiny relays w/ contact rating of 2A which is about 2x the expected load, but the coils are about 800mW & the datasheet indicated they shouldn't be left on for long intervals. I'm still looking for a schematic of the existing thermostat's board to see how the switching is handled.
The hx711 is awesome, especially for the price. Load cells are incredibly sensitive, measuring fractions of a gram with relative ease. The only issue us having to "tare" the system before applying any weight. If you lose and regain power, with weight applied, you will have zeroed the scale with the included weight, which isn't always of great convenience, depending upon your application. Drift will also occur. There is also a "combinator board" available that allows you to connect multiple load cells together in wheatstone bridge fashion, that operate as one measuring device, though it's not absolutely necessary, it just makes things easier. You will find these in bathroom scales, where four corner load cells are used to determine weight, no matter where it is applied to the overall surface. Leverage is a factor in the beam type cells; all of the applied weight has to be "focussed" tons single point on the beam, if you want accuracy and repeatability.
Hello sir I want to know if i can use a BTA41 triac with Moc 3021 optocoupler IC to control heavy loads such as Air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens etc. or the appliances whose current ratings are more than 10Amps and power ratings are nearly 2KW and if this combination isn't the right one then please guide me 😃
4:05 From what I learned, the voltage spike is not due to infinite resistance, but rather because U = L di/dt in a self, and since the current goes from something to nothing in a fraction of a second, di/dt is big thus U is big too.
I used to work on fire alarm systems in Canada. North american fire alarm panels (Edwards, Mircom etc.) Uses relays, mainly for fire alarm bell and auxiliary systems triggers (elevator stop, venting systems etc.). Specially for fire alarm BELLS and not horns. If i'm not wrong : it's better for bells solenoïds, and because a bell cannot do the 3-3-3 standard fire alarm rythm. In this time, a relay is doing the job (one by Bell loop). But only once, i've seen only one Simplex fire alarm panel model that used MOSFETs, even for bells. Interesting. I didn't have time to check the circuit and see how it works without power loss.
Nice work as always Many years, i am in the field of automation. Initially, i was using arduino with mechanical relays but always an error due to spike voltage even with flyback diode. After that i started with TRAIC BTA41 which can sustain upto 40Amp. My system is working fine I also used this traic with stm32 works great. In my opinion, Traic is much superior than mechanical relay. A tutorial on this topic from your side will be highly appreciated. Regards
Thanks for this great explanation about optocouplers. I currently need to replace one. Can I figure out which one I need just by the Data written on it? In my case it says L13/34 817 C. Does this mean another 817 C will fit my needs? As far as I got to know the L14/34 stands for the production year and week.
I want a circuit to turn control a relay a simple example would be to turn on or off an inverter when at the right voltage. Example turn on at 13v turn off at 12.1v my outback mppt has this option but I would like it as a stand alone option. Any thoughts on this?
Thanx for few important points. This video was created 6 year back and there are some advancement in technology. I want to know, which is better solution for Small" 220V AC LOAD", which draw less then 2 A current ? a. SSR ( opto coupler MOC30XX , + BT13X ) e.g "MOC3063/zero crossing" ?????????? b. 5V/5V RELAY ??? c. MOSFET ( with mosfet driver) ??
I have a problem with opto isolator in my circuit it is still respond to command but only give weak current output around 2ma. I connect the output to drive 12v relay. Why is like that?
Is it possible to connect the diode series to the indicator such that in order to avoid high voltages at the tap key by stopping current in reverse direction?????
I have a doubt. I am a beginner so please bare with me. Why do we need a second transistor to switch on the relay? Can we use the one inside the octocoupler?
GreatScott do you getting problems with latest TH-cam system which checking your videos if they are suitable for monetize, from yesterday thousands reports all video uploaded are tagged as not suitable for most advertisers, asking that bec. this video is uploaded yesterday and it could be affected. ?
The first 3 months when i was starting at electronics i didn't understand a word you say in your videos, now when i watch your videos again it all makes a lot more sence. Your videos are great for people who already know how those things work and need more detailed explanation to truly master the use of it
Your work ethic is amazing
Thank you :-)
#GermanArbeitsmoral #MeToo ^^
I "stay" creative only when I´m connected to mains directly. No optocoupler
Ok, he is a german engineer, so its usual.
@@gizmotech8212 hahahaha
This was a wonderful video! I loved how you very simply explained the pros and cons of using Relays vs MOSFETs vs Triacs for switching loads. That was the best explanation I've seen so far. Thank you very much for creating and sharing this quality content.
Thank you for the ethics and professionalism with which you make your videos. I enjoy each of them
That was great, what I would really appreciate is for someone to make a video going through 4-8 relays, where they have the relay in hand and then they show the exact same thing on digikey/mouser and go to the schematic, run down all the items in the absolute max/ normal operating data for the first one, and then just explain the differences and what they are all typically used for (ie Vswitch and Vload + in what application) and what you could safely get away with.
Your way of explaining and writing is amazing.
Great Scott , you are going to hit 1 million subs , congtats
I always stay up until like 2am on Mondays so I can watch your videos. Keep them up! The quality is amazing
Thank you. I will try my best.
Me to
Thorough analysis! Really appreciate these videos!
i was waiting for the time when you say " but there is a problem ", ha ha ha so getting used to it now, found it @3:45 . PS: you explain things just the best way i cold possibly think of. Keep up. Thanks.
I really appreciate your consistency of writing with the same pen
That is the neatest left handed writing I have ever seen.
damn i didn't even realize he was a left hander - but completely agree. (my own handwriting sucks and i always blame it on being LH... looks like i need to find a new excuse)
Hi, Just Wanted To Say I LOVE Your Videos!
Thank you
@@greatscottlab Please contact me, I have many hundreds of new components i know nothing about and would like to see if you could use them in your videos or whatnot. I scrap metal for extra cash and a good company went and closed its doors. Threw everything out and i managed to get a few boxes. Mostley PCB's, MLC's, Simiconductorsand so on....
Quintana.derek@gmail.com
720476 Denver Colorado
0249 hope to hear from ya.
By the way, been subscribed for a couple years now.
i can always "relay" on you, GreatScott
_groan_
next
@@NeuronalAxon🥶
I love your videos, Always keeping me interested in Electronics
OMG, this is "Basics"? I'm going to have to watch this one again ... Great scott"s", excellent clear explanation. I appreciate you video's !!!
Thank you :-)
Your writing style and diagrams are lit...
Perfect for satisfaction...!
Thank you for the information.
I'm just starting to mess around with microcontroller switching big loads so this guide helps put all the pieces together. :)
Ur channel deserve more subscribers.
Great Scott, I've got to give it to ya. You've helped me understand about circuits more which has helpped me do more with them. A Massive thank you.
Love your vids. Very informative and super neatly drawn lol.
The world's best teacher
Excellent video about Relays & Optocouplers. Thank you!
Wow, Great Presentation! I love your presentation style. Your drawing and handwriting are clear neat and smart indeed! Thank you so much for your lessons. By the way, the voice is yours or artificial?
Impresionante calidad de trabajo y organizacion. Me encanta el trabajo que haces. Saludos desde España 🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸🇪🇸
That fuse holder is terrifying
So is the flyback diode necessary on a 230v coil relay because I would never have normally used 1 but I thought I would try it and the result was it simply blew the fuse on the plug I was using to test it
really nailed it man. awesome and so easy explanation. thank you man.
I am the only one to like every end of video when he says : "Sssstay creative, and I will see you next time" ?
No - his accent is awesome. :)
*will
Oh sorry, I’m French ^^
keep?
Olivier NATIVEL yes i love when je said that!
Hey Scott. A couple suggestions. I find it difficult to follow the diagrams when you're changing angles all the time. If this is to get out of the way of your hand, consider taking photos for the video after you've written the item down. It's also difficult to follow when the diagram isn't facing straight ahead. I realize you're trying to make it exciting, but there has to be some respect to what works and familiarity works. When we see the same diagram in the same position, it is easier to follow the message. If the position and angle change, we have to rescan the entire diagram just to see where you're adding this new information too.
A second suggestion, buy a new highlighter. ;)
keep on teaching.
I am very grateful of your videos.taught me allot
Thank you for your videos! I have learned so much frim you. When it comes to quality, you are definitely king! Thanks!
As always, great video!
Excellent video, thanks for making it.
That moment when you learn more from a 8 minute long video that a 50 minutes long school lesson.
This makes me wanna create a school where the lessons are based on TH-cam videos from people like Great Scott, PracticalEngineering , Tom Scott
Awesome video and clear explanation !
Man I f'ing love the way you break things down.
Most underared ytb channel ..u desreve 20M subs
There are also solid state relays. I work at a factory were we make electromechanical relays, some a lot more complicated than those shown. A lot of them have the diode you put on parallel already inside the relay. Overall, relays are very interesting pieces of technology that combine topics from science of materials, electricity and magnetism, even thermodynamics!!
Also keep your expensive relays sealed, some have nitrogen on the inside which reduces oxidation and loads of corrosion
Thanks for the video. Im making a composite video switch so I can run lots of computers on one composite to HDMI adapter for my little vintage computer museum im making and this was super helpful
Thanks!
Thanks for the support :-)
@@greatscottlab Your Welcome. Sorry it could not be more at this time.
Just for that relay from Portugal you deserve a like!! Gretings and keep the good work.
Very nice. Thank you for this work you do for us.
Very helpfull. Thanks😊 greetings from the netherlands 🇳🇱
Great job! I was waiting for you to talk about optocouplers :D
Wow, these basics reminds me me of entering the class Elementary Classical Physics , and later thinking elementary to who? I had to listen to it several times; I catch more each time. Nicely done.; I learned a lot looking for a mechanical type relay (if there's such a thing, .. heh) like one operating by a motor and takes no power to maintain contact or disconnect. Like servo arm operated. Still looking lol .
Once again.. Great video..
I just just had them this week at work, now u you post a video about this, I gues u are in my company lol
'Them', what? Relays?
I fired 10 NPN transistors before I found your video on how back induction happens in the coil of a relay. Thanks.
you're the best bro.
Thanks for another video, you always get me thinking. That could be a good thing, or a bad thing, lol.
The dreaded transient spike, or sometimes called inductive spike in the RC drone world. It’s been a past debate with RC motors about how to handle the spike, the old way was an electrolytic capacitor. Most of the time not correctly specked for the size of the spike and people wonder why the FPV and ESC still blow. But the cap may help filter line noise for the FPV camera like an incomplete LC filter. The new way argued as you mentioned is the flyback diode (or sometimes called snubber diode) but placement in the circuit is a big factor also. Then newer TVS diodes these days are not just for huge spike like lightning, but they are making them now for smaller spikes also. Plenty of choices depending on the application. I never thought about using an optocoupler for inductive spikes in the RC application world. I was trying to find a one fix fits all solution, but every RC drone is different, different power, different load, different esc’s. I didn’t think I will ever find a 1 fits all add on solution for everyone, so I put the project in hold and forgot about it.
I don’t use relays often as you could guess, relays are a little big and slow for RC flying planes and quads (drones). But it makes senses, same kind of inductive load spike with the magnetic coil in a relay like the electric magnet in a motor. I wonder how small them come, how fast they can be, and if this might be a solution also? Now I have to go back and review notes, look at this with a new possibilities and different angles. You gave me a few ideas on an old project I forgot I was working on. I might need to get back to that project now.
Thanks for the video,
Scott
Update: As I’m typing this I realized the optocoupler wouldn’t handle the load, and to use it for the esc signal line only would not isolate the spikes I’m looking to suppress. So back to the trusty diode theory and testing when I have time.
At 6:25, "the relay in this example won't work since we want to control the phase angle at a frequency of 50 Hz". I didn't understand this statement for why relay won't work. Could you please explain?
The best well explained video I've ever seen, amazing GS
*I love your Electronics Basics videos :)*
Awesome
GreatScott! Love it.
Learn a lot.
So how would you make a high voltage PWM circuit?
Shaunt by triac and optotriac
IGBT?
Maby solid stage relay
For smaller form factor relays I've noticed datasheets indicating they aren't designed for high duty cycles. I have a 12vDC thermostat project where I plan to use mosfets & a quad opti-isolator IC due to space constraints. I located some tiny relays w/ contact rating of 2A which is about 2x the expected load, but the coils are about 800mW & the datasheet indicated they shouldn't be left on for long intervals. I'm still looking for a schematic of the existing thermostat's board to see how the switching is handled.
Can you consider a diy or buy episode on RC radios???
Thank you for teaching me electronics
The hx711 is awesome, especially for the price. Load cells are incredibly sensitive, measuring fractions of a gram with relative ease. The only issue us having to "tare" the system before applying any weight. If you lose and regain power, with weight applied, you will have zeroed the scale with the included weight, which isn't always of great convenience, depending upon your application. Drift will also occur. There is also a "combinator board" available that allows you to connect multiple load cells together in wheatstone bridge fashion, that operate as one measuring device, though it's not absolutely necessary, it just makes things easier. You will find these in bathroom scales, where four corner load cells are used to determine weight, no matter where it is applied to the overall surface. Leverage is a factor in the beam type cells; all of the applied weight has to be "focussed" tons single point on the beam, if you want accuracy and repeatability.
👍😊Another Great Video on Electronic Basics! Thanks for Lesson! I look forward to your Next one!😊👍
Why does a fuse is placed in a live wire?Even though AC current alternates rapidly,the current should change its direction.
Please Explain this.
Very well explained. Thank you.
reallly amazing video
Great lesson
Good work
Wow! Great Scott 👍
Hello sir
I want to know if i can use a BTA41 triac with Moc 3021 optocoupler IC to control heavy loads such as Air conditioners, refrigerators, microwave ovens etc. or the appliances whose current ratings are more than 10Amps and power ratings are nearly 2KW and if this combination isn't the right one then please guide me 😃
Another good one.
love these videos. thanks for making these
Excellent video, thank you.
why do you want to control the phase angle of the triac ? at 6:16
4:05 From what I learned, the voltage spike is not due to infinite resistance, but rather because U = L di/dt in a self, and since the current goes from something to nothing in a fraction of a second, di/dt is big thus U is big too.
Nice explanation
You make great videos! Thank you for them
excellent video!
Thanks Scott... 😊
I love your videos.
Very useful!!! Thank you!!!
Keep up the good work!
good explanation in very simple way thanks bro
Thanks Scott
great tutorial!
Good Job, I like your amazing presentation !
I used to work on fire alarm systems in Canada. North american fire alarm panels (Edwards, Mircom etc.) Uses relays, mainly for fire alarm bell and auxiliary systems triggers (elevator stop, venting systems etc.). Specially for fire alarm BELLS and not horns. If i'm not wrong : it's better for bells solenoïds, and because a bell cannot do the 3-3-3 standard fire alarm rythm. In this time, a relay is doing the job (one by Bell loop).
But only once, i've seen only one Simplex fire alarm panel model that used MOSFETs, even for bells.
Interesting. I didn't have time to check the circuit and see how it works without power loss.
how much ac current does optocoupler ic can bear? can we use these ics in electric boards in our homes to toggle bulb/fan/other appliances?
Fantastic bro
Great video
Hi can you do any video about bltouch and how it work and we can made on this home for 3d printer auto bead level
This guy is good. Or I assume he is cause I dont have a clue what he's talking about but its very watchable
Nice work as always
Many years, i am in the field of automation.
Initially, i was using arduino with mechanical relays but always an error due to spike voltage even with flyback diode.
After that i started with TRAIC BTA41 which can sustain upto 40Amp.
My system is working fine
I also used this traic with stm32 works great.
In my opinion, Traic is much superior than mechanical relay.
A tutorial on this topic from your side will be highly appreciated.
Regards
Yaay. I waited so much this video. Keep it up :)
Thanks for this great explanation about optocouplers. I currently need to replace one. Can I figure out which one I need just by the Data written on it? In my case it says L13/34 817 C. Does this mean another 817 C will fit my needs? As far as I got to know the L14/34 stands for the production year and week.
I want a circuit to turn control a relay a simple example would be to turn on or off an inverter when at the right voltage. Example turn on at 13v turn off at 12.1v my outback mppt has this option but I would like it as a stand alone option. Any thoughts on this?
I am controlling a AC appliance with ardduino (5v) , what should I use - relay / solid state relay , help me with it
Thanx for few important points. This video was created 6 year back and there are some advancement in technology.
I want to know, which is better solution for Small" 220V AC LOAD", which draw less then 2 A current ?
a. SSR ( opto coupler MOC30XX , + BT13X ) e.g "MOC3063/zero crossing" ??????????
b. 5V/5V RELAY ???
c. MOSFET ( with mosfet driver) ??
I have a problem with opto isolator in my circuit it is still respond to command but only give weak current output around 2ma. I connect the output to drive 12v relay. Why is like that?
Is it possible to connect the diode series to the indicator such that in order to avoid high voltages at the tap key by stopping current in reverse direction?????
Yes
I have a doubt. I am a beginner so please bare with me. Why do we need a second transistor to switch on the relay? Can we use the one inside the octocoupler?
GreatScott do you getting problems with latest TH-cam system which checking your videos if they are suitable for monetize, from yesterday thousands reports all video uploaded are tagged as not suitable for most advertisers, asking that bec. this video is uploaded yesterday and it could be affected. ?
very nice explication