History of the Caucasian Languages
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 พ.ค. 2021
- History of the Caucasian Languages. Northwest Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian, Kartvelian, Hurro-Urartian, Hattic, Kaskian, Svan, Georgian, Zan, Mingrelian, Laz, Circassian, Abkhaz, Abaza, Adyghe, Kabardian, Dagestanian, Nakh, Vainakh, Bats, Avar, Andic, Tsezic, Lak, Dargin, Lezgic, Archi, Khinalug, Caucasian Albanian, Lezgian, Aghul, Tabasaran, Rutul, Tsahtur, Budukh, Kryts, Udi
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As Circassian it makes me sad when people divide us in two languages, they are dialects not langauges.
Exactly 😮💨
Fun fact: There is a Region in Iran, called: ,,Fereydan,, Which is filled with ethnic Georgians living and Speaking the Georgian language. The reason the language got there is that during the reign of Shah Abass the great of the Safavid Dynasty, he forcibly displaced hundreds of thousands of people from the region of Hereti, Kakheti and Kartli to the region of Fereydan. Once They arrived, they were given a choice of either changing their religion and maintaining their language or maintaining their religion, but forgetting their language. They chose Islam, but maintained the Georgian Identity.
How are these Georgians treated in Iran Today?
@@dominicjohnson310 I don't know actually. From what I know, in the beginning they were treated very badly, because they were Christians and some of them were even enslaved. But today I am not sure.
@@androtchitchinadze3450 I think it was common for Muslim groups to enslave people from the Caucuses back then.
@@dominicjohnson310 I live in central of Georgian residence of Iran, first home of us in isfahan province (foothills of sataple mountain) , and i'm Georgian, We love each other and there is no bad behaviour toward us(people get even excited when hear we are Georgian), Iran is ethnical country and we are all united and make Iran.
Edit: but our language and culture is much destroyed by the official language and common culture of Iran, it's like we are more Iranian than Georgian, and authorities only pay attention to Islamic things over our culture, language, script and ...
@@wraxeripg is Ishfahan in Northern Iran? Are there also Armenians there?
There are Circassian communities in Syria, Jordan, and other countries of Middle East. Many Mamluks in Mamluk Sultanate(Egypt) were Circassians too.
I have noted the Circassian period of Mamluk Sultanate. It was served as government language mainly around the administrative center (Cairo)
@@CostasMelas Sorry, didn't notice Cairo.
I agree
It was either the Circassians or the Turks It seems they both rule one after other
@@user-ns2vc4rn6j aren't the Circassians Turkic?
as you can see, zan broke up into two languages pretty recently. that's why megrelian and laz (the descendants of zan) are the only kartvelian languages that are mutually inteligible, both in written and spoken forms.
We dont know when they exactly broke up
Wuhaaaaaa.....
Colchian is better term :) Ma Lazi vore çkimi cuma
Laz speaker from Turkey and Mingrelian speaker from Samegrelo can not understand each other, because Laz language has been corrupted over the centuries. I have seen Laz people saying they dont understand anything from what Mingrelians are saying. It will be better if we work and clean Laz language from the Turkish borrowed words.
@@georgian929 You better 'clean' Georgian language itself though.. has plenty of Persian , Arabic , and also Turkic loanwords...
Everybody gangsta till Basque comes to the family reunion
Basque could have a relations with these caucasian families ?
@@gwendalduforum yes but it's heavily debated
@@bluemym1nd what about Iberian, Nuragic and Etruscan ?
@@gwendalduforum not sure on those, but it's still a possibility
@@gwendalduforum thoose too, we are speaking about languages (according to the theory) separated 10000 years ago
Proud to be kartvelian 🇬🇪☦️❤️
The way Adyghe people just disappeared in two years off the map is so sad :(
_✨genocide✨_
@@socialistrepublicofvietnam1500 the russian conquest right?
@@scarymonster5541 yes, and the _✨genocide✨_ they did
Aye, youre armenian. Axper(:.
Was so sad to see Ubykh die, it had such a crazy phonology and grammar.
@Modu Laoshang it was assimilated by cherkassian launguage and then remnants by turkish
@@user-cl7pm7zm3x Have We asimilated? 😆
@@tanhukim9963 yes u are not exist already, look at the mirror
@@user-cl7pm7zm3x On May 21, 1864, about 800,000 Caucasians came to our country. The current human is 4 million. 3 million of them are Circassians. 500 thousand Abkhaz-Abaza, the remaining 500 thousand Ossetians and Nakh-Dagestan people. Go shout at the Russians, not us. If you say you are assimilated, you can leave. We didn't force you to come here😉
Wow u know about ubykh? Its interesting
Amazing stuff.
Also, guess it's time to make a meme in comments:
""How many times do you need to split yourself into smaller branches?"
Dagestani: "Yes.""
Georgian : we don't do that here
@@pax14 LOOOL
niger-congo: b**** please
Them mountains do be doing that
@@AlexanderMapping And there is also the problem of how one people speaks many dialects without understanding each other.
Loved this! Thanks!
Great work, but I noticed a mistake. From 1944 to 1956, there should be no Chechen or Ingush language in that area, as they were deported by Stalin in 1944 and were only rehabilitated 13 years later, in 1957, by Khrushchev.
Thank you. Yes part of the population deported. I had to note the change
where's the Chechen and Ingush language - are they under another name? And what about Ossetian and Armenian (know they're indo european languages but would be good to see for context)? Great video though, thanks.
@@SionTJobbins "where's the Chechen and Ingush language"
They are both within the Vainakh group.
@@HoundGrin ah, right, thanks. Am I right to understand that both languages are essentially dialects and mutually understandable? When did they start to be considered as two different languages?
@@SionTJobbins I'm sorry, all I know about them is that they are both Nakh (or Vainakh) languages, but nothing about their mututal intelligibility.
Circassian language is my language and I love it❤️💂🏻♂️
Love Circassia from Turkey Circassians are always welcome in Turkey ❤
@@osmane3170 thank you so much, respect to Turkey
Love circassians from Azerbaijan ❤
@@shahinasgarov597 respect to Azerbaijan too
They might be related to the Hatto-Kaskians, see the Old Russian term for Circassians: Kasogi
Excellent work as always, Costa. Not sure about the persistence of Zan/Laz in the hinterland south -east of Trebizond to such a late date; I will explore this at some point (Fr Bryer may let me know!). Regards.
There are still laz in turkey today in the far northeast.
Some Colchian tribes such as Sanni, survived during the middle maybe even the late Byzantine period
@@user-bm5kj8qo3t Yes of-course. But along the coast not the hinterland.
@@CostasMelas I agree Costa. Yet you depict the Laz survival in the hinterland south-east of Trebizond well into the late Ottoman period.
What an amazing work 👏👏👏
Thank you
Circassians have nothing in common with Turkic ..No genome, No Culture no customs and no lifestyles and above all this no linguistic in common . Circassians have nothing in common with Turks.... the relation started in 1864 during the mass genocide that Russia committed aginst Circassians , russains killed over 2 millions of the Circassians and .. they forced 3 millions to leave Country home of Kingdome of Circassia to the Turkish empire. The Turks used them to protect train stations all the way from turkey ,syria , jordan .and iraq .....
There is no one who claims that the Circassians are Turkish.
Çerkeslerle bizim birinci ilişkimiz hun dönemlerine dayanır.
@@atkatk9355 Instead they are albanians 🇦🇱💪
You forgot Jek (Dzek) language. Speakers lives only in Jek village near Khinalug village on high points of Mountain. Derived from Lezgic.
No, I'm Budukh and Jek is only dialect of Kryts language
@@johndesohn7973 well it does not change the fact that Jek language is not caucasian. Also if you want to chat on discord or facebook write down your username. It can be interesting to speak with fellow mountaineer 😄
@@rashadmammadli7268 does lezgi people and jek people understand each other?
@@johndesohn7973 you sir are a one in a trillion to find... Simply unbelieveable.
@Costas Melas great work thank you🙏🏻 but i expected two things -although i know it’s not easy at all to go more accurate through all historical events effects- first the 2008 georgio-russian war and how it affected Abkhaz and Ossetian languages to be more dominant in their respective areas, and second my country Jordan where the capital Amman was actually a Circassian speaking town for many decades around the 1900s and a little before with many other areas in jordan and syria, iraq and israel, you can check linguistic maps of dr. Izady in these countries and find the Circassian inhabited areas
Thank you very much for the additional information. I did not know about the presence of the Circassians in Jordan
@@CostasMelas you’re mire than welcome thank you for the great effort u present❤️
@@CostasMelas There is a massive Circassian and Chechen minority in Jordan, Palestine/Israel, and Syria. But as far as I know, most Circassians in Jordan do not speak their language (Circassians in the comments section, please correct me if I'm wrong), while Chechens do speak their language. Also, there is a massive Armenian minority in Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Jordan, and Israel, and they do speak Armenian.
@@msb8792 In case you're interested in the answer to a slightly different question to yours, I know a Syrian lady living in the UK who is Circassian. She told me that she doesn't speak her language very well but that her husband, also Circassian Syrian, does speak it fluently. I don't know how this reflects the rest of the community in Syria but I intend to ask her as much as I can
how do you actually make these videos? what is your process?
Study-research ->create large databases->edit maps
What is your take on the language of Assyria prior to the Akkadian conquest? I've read different hypothesis in different locations. Some say an unknown eastern semitic language was spoken there (Subartian), others say that it was Hurrian, or both.
Possibly a language of the Caucasus-Zagrus substratum, perhaps related to Kassite or the language of the Cadousians or Hurrian. Subartian is also very likely.
@@CostasMelas It seems that the ancestors of the Kartveles lived in the upper reaches of the Euphrates River
As always, amazing video! But what about Kassites? They are thought to be Hurro Urartians.
The decendants of hurri-Urartians are spread among several ethnicities. Despite its Indo-European language, Armenian is unique in its strong influence from Urartian. That's because Urartu kingdom was bilingual and Armenia was a continuation of Urartu.
@@edomin1148 Not what I asked; plus I knew all that before you even told me.
True Kassite and even BMAC (called Marhashi in Sumerian) in Afghanistan were related to Hurro-Urartian. Gutian, Burushaski and the Indus language might also be related but that’s just my theory
@@edomin1148 👎
@@edomin1148 The Armenian Agglutination came much later though, in the Roman as well as in the Early Middle Ages, the Classical Armenian actually had more in Common with Byzantine Greek in terms of Grammar, the Agglutination seeped in Slowly over Centuries with the constant Contact with South Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian and Turkic Languages all of whom were İncredibly Suffix heavy languages, and even then Armenian is still a İndo-European Language, A isolate, but the İndo-European core remained
could you please do History of the Kurdish language just by its self please, i appreciate your effort and you make great videos, i know you have done the iranic one before which had kurdish in it but a more in depth one would be great thanks. good videos btw keep it up
Thank you
There are several mistakes here.
But I do not blame you as much of the history available to the English speaking world is lacking or not very well known.
Firstly,
The Kabarday Circassians did not live in what is modern day Kabarda until 1400s.
There is documentation of them having lived west of the Kuban river prior to this, and that they first moved North to lands held by the Crimean Khanate, but moved back before invading what is modern day Kabarda in the 1430's under Prince Inal the Great's unified Circassia.
The proper chronology is unknown before they conquered the lands, but after the Mongol Invasions and the Invasion of Tamerlane, the Kipchak Karachay-Balkars moved in to the region, which replaced the Alans that lived there previously.
Before the Alans, it is said that it was Nakh peoples that inhabited the lands in the Ancient times, and not Circassians. Though this is not proven, one thing to note is that Ossetians, despite speaking an Iranic language, are genetically entirely Caucasian. So there may have been a third group living there that was unrelated to either the Circassians or Nakhs.
Moreover the Kabarday lanaguage is often not considered its own language but a dialect.
Lastly on this subject, the Abkhaz language used to only reach the river at which modern day Sukhumi is located, it was in the 1400's under Prince Inal (again) that they pushed over there and expaned to beyond the Kodori river. In 1860-80's the Abkhaz people were also deported from the region, leaving only two larger pockets. Where Svans then inhabited the Kodori valley until the Abkhaz War, and other places being inhabited by Russians, Greeks and prominently Armenians, which the Russian Empire settled into the region. But they left the highlands uninhabited (which are still uninhabited to this day).
Secondly,
It was the Nakh languages that existed between the Sulak and Terek rivers before the Kumyk, not Avar.
This is also evident in the paternal DNA of Kumyks which shows a strong relationship with the Chechens.
Additionally, the lands between today's Ingushetia and the Terek (known as "Prigorodny Rayon") was inhabited by Ingush people until the Caucasian Wars, which were then inhabited by Cossacks, only to again be inhabited by the Ingush again after the Russian Civil War.
It was not before the deportation of the Vainakh in 1944 that Ossetians became the majority there (despite holding a very significant Ingush population to this day).
I hope you read this and that you are able to correct this video based on this information!
💯💯💯
Thank you for the additional information. Feedback is helpful to improve.
Bro i didn't read completely, but the nakh people were definitly not the first to inhibitate that region, it is acient homeland of Circassians... there were always the Adyghe people (Adyghe is the term, that every Circassian or Circassian tribe uses to refer to themselves)
Amazing work ! Well done
Thank you
Nice! Can you do Anatolian languages next?
I would love to this, but it is so difficult as this video about the Caucasians
@@CostasMelas I wish you good luck.I am looking forward to it.As well as it would be wonderful if you make videos about ethnic history( I mean ethnic groups/peoples).There is no such topic on TH-cam yet.
Master Costas share great video again 👍👍👍
Thank you very much
6:49 (1515) Circassian Egypt would be really cool
oh yes, really
It was certainly a sight and sound to behold, the Turkic/Caucasian nobility of the Mamlukes (mamluk means owned slave) were rebels once enslaved by Arabs. Learned to enslave the native Egyptian Arabs with the help of the Oguz Turks, Kipchaq and Abkhaz soldiers whom were mamluk with them. This was after the French crusaders weakened the Ayyubids.
@@velnz5475 Yes, 1250-1382 Bahri Dynasty Kıpchak Turks, 1382-1517 Burci Dynasty is Circassian. We know sultans origin but Mamluk elite was complicated. As i know In 1382, when the Circassians came to power, they killed the non-Circassian Mamluks. they did some kind of coup.
very sad what happened to the Adyghe Circassians
Great video!
Thank you
The way Adyghean people disappear from north caucasus in 7:21 is truly really sad...
They were mass killed and deported by Kuban Cossacks
Adygea was something like Circassian reservation
@@flame9826 cuban cossacks? and russian empires army just have relax or what? it was empire agression and genocide. I cant stop think about why apsua-abazgians didnt recognise genocide of them brothers? 🤔
Circassian genocide
@@aleksandredidebulidze9971 потому что , абазин и абхазов тоже не осталось на своё исторической родине.. они также как и адыги ( черкесы ) подверглись геноциду ..
Glory of the Kartvelian People.
so happy to see some information about the kartvelian languages
რა გიხარია ნახევარი საქართველო უწერია ზედ სომხური ენებია გავრცელებულიო))
@@confusedmgeluka aba rogorRac hom unda mosuliyvnen shavi zRvis chrdiloetidan tanamedrove teritoriamde
mag dros somxebic momtabare tomebi iyvnen
@NikoJano tanac es somxebi ki ara urartoelebi arian
maSin qartli ar iyo dasaxlebuli qartvelebit isini aRmosavlet saqartveloSi iyveni amitomac arqeologebi vanSi edzeben qartul nivtebs
aseve somxebi isini arian rom qartvelebis samxretit tetria ( 1:26 ), isini urartoelebis adgili daikaves da mere amboben rom ataswleulebia aq cxovroben maSin, roca msoflioshi somxurad aravin laparakobda
Have you done any videos that show language family spreading, not individual languages? Like, a single color for Indo-European, another for Semitic, another for Khoi-San, etc.?
Maybe one for Altaic? (I joke).
6:45 ah, that Circassian language has made a revival! I sure hope nothing happens to it!
Sad
Circassian genocide intensifies
Ди цlыпlэм ирахуа
@@user-td8qs9wb3x😅😂😂😂😂😂
what a mess in the mountains!
I love it
didn't knew the Hattic wasin the Caucasian Languages, nor did i know Caucasian Languages was spoken all the way down in Armenia before
Caucasian languages are not one family but a group of several families. Hattic is Indo-European but included in the group by some people
@@kayvonrad3044 yes I think I knew Caucasian lang wad Indo European, but i tho the Hatti people came from Thrace not from the Caucasus 😛
@@kayvonrad3044 No, Hattic is not Indo-European. You're confusing it with Hittite. Hattic is an unclassified language.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hittite_language
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hattic_language
@@kayvonrad3044 Hattic was a non-Indo-European language spoken by the Hattians, not to be confused with the early Indo-European Hittite
@@kayvonrad3044 Hittites just conquered Hattians and took their name for themselves. Hattic is not Indo-European, but Hittite is.
Excelentes vídeos, pero, cuando hay demasiados idiomas, resultan confusos por la abundancia cromática.
Thank you. Indeed they are numerous languages despite I avoided more recent splits par example Vainakh->Chechen-Ingush that would create even more languages
Where's the Chechen and Ingush language - are they under another name? And what about Ossetian and Armenian (know they're indo european languages but would be good to see for context)? Great video though, thanks.
Chechen and Ingush = Vainakh
Indo-European languages are not included. As they are not indigenous to the region
Its sad how few people know of the Circassian Genocide.
I even heard it was what inspired the Armenian Genocide, and Russian leaders still deny it...
Its not denied, its oficial memory day in 3 subjekts of Russia
You are really sick!!!
@@tlingitmicmumbam2065 hahahaha
true
It's because there was no genocide. The Circassians were offered a choice, either to move from the mountains to the plains of the Kuban, or to leave for the Ottoman Empire. 90% of the Circassians voluntarily chose to move to the Ottoman Empire, where the Turks sold them into slavery and kept them in harems.
I'm Chechen and I completely disagree with your video. First of all "Vainakh" is a term that was used first in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century, and second it was part of the Soviet Union's policy of creating a new nation through a policy of "Korenizatsiya". Before that period in history and other literature there were no terms with the words Vainakh and Nakh, but the endoethnonym of the Chechen people "Nakhchi" was often used. Even if we take a Chechenophobe historian like Laudayev, who lived in the 19th century, he writes in his book: "The Ingush and Shatoy people call themselves Nakhchi when they meet and say: «We are one, we are Nakhchi.»" At the time when historical literature was being formed scholars such as Bashir Dalgat wanted to call this group of peoples "Ingush" and "Chechens" with Chechen endoethnonym "Nakhchi", but the Soviet nomenclature called them "Vainakhs", which was taken from nothing by historian Zaurbek Malsagov. This word as an ethnonym for Chechens and Ingush is a policy of destruction of the Chechen people and its unity, because with this term such societies/teips as Melkhi, Akki, Orstho and others would be separated from other Chechen teips.
true
+++++++++++
👍👍👍👍
we are speaking about languages, not peoples.
The term Vainakh was used by the Ingush to refer to the Ingush. The word nakhchi is an invention of the 21st century, stupid Chechen nationalists. Nakhch is cheese in the Ingush language and the Ingush will laugh when they hear the nonsense that you wrote.
Was there a Caucasian language spoken along the Nile river around 1433 or is it just my bad sight?
Circassian Mamluks lived, they ruled Egypt
very impressive .....thank you
It's crazy how many ethnic groups once existed that we know so little about.
Some we dont even know that they existed at all
Fantastic work
Thank you :)
Your video about Georgia was amazing but little inaccurate
Is there any information that most of the Republic of Azerbaijan also speaks Julian-Uraltu at the earliest?
I have question about kaskian and Zan languages shown in the video Are you sure Kaskian was spoken in Laz East pontian region Im yet to see a evidence for that also about the zan expansion in the video what is your source for that everbody somehat claims that zan languages used to be go deeper in pontus region but nobody has a definitive proof for that lastly what language group do you think kaskian belongs to ?
Kaskians likely identified with the Caucones of the Greeks. Their names both in Greek and Hittite associated with the name Caucasus, so during an early period they lived in the area of Caucasus before expanded in the south Black Sea coasts. They gradually wipe out the Pala and, whether they indeed are related with the Caucones, they reached until the Peloponnese. They were among the people that contribute to wipe out the Hittite Empire and later moved eastern. They likely mixed with Kartvelian and the emerged Zan Language maybe is associated both the Kartvelian and the Kaskian. Zan was spoken by the numerous Colchian tribes that they reached until Halys river in the middle of Anatolia
@@CostasMelas Is there a definitive proof of colchians reaching to halys river exactly like some kind of inscription or archaeological remains because I tried to study their history and in the known greek writings they went as far as Eastern trabzon but not even close to halys river
@@irontamgha8276 hey, where are you from? I am also learning the Zan history and we could talk about it maybe on some platform.
there are a lot of mistakes with vainakh-chechen.
the gradual settlement of Chechens on the northern plains is not shown.
also, the eviction of Chechens after the Second World War is not displayed.
also you use modern borders of Chechen republic to display the chechen language area, which is not correct due to russian ethnic magority in some places.
also you have not shown the dominsnce of chircasian language between all of northern caucassians before russian colonisation of northern steppe plains.
In the northern steppe outside Circassia, other peoples before the Russians dominated there (Scythians, Alans, Oghurs, Khazars, Kipchak etc), so there aren't larger expansion of the Circassian outside the main part of Circassia. You are right about deportation of Chechens, I could note some change between 1944 and 1953
@@CostasMelas i dont know how to add links to youtube comments so google please and download the book "А. Цуциев Атлас этнополитической истории Кавказа (1774-2004)". it is the geographical atlas where the expansion of chechens is shown in details.
@@ger14001 Thank you
@@CostasMelas > so there aren't larger expansion of the Circassian outside the main part of Circassia.
circassian was the lingua franca of the entire western north caucasus before it was replaced by Russian. like the cumyk language was the lingua-franca of eastern north caucasus.
> In the northern steppe outside Circassia, other peoples before the Russians dominated there (Scythians, Alans, Oghurs, Khazars, Kipchak etc)
there was a short period (100-200 years) between the destruction of centralized nomadic hordes and the start of russian colonisaton when circassian principalities (i mean not the ethnic-circassians but supranatioanl north caucasian principalities which are called 'circassion principalities') tried to populate the vacant territories on their own.
> Thank you
thank you too
7:22 Bruh Moment
Hmm i wonder what happened . . .
@@user-bc9ru2ol6o Circassian exile
@@leviathan4846 did you meant genocide ?
@@user-bc9ru2ol6o not genocide it is exile same with armenian exile. Russia did reason against to circassians and we did reason against to armenians. Same
@@user-bc9ru2ol6o why would you use such big words? The number of russian immigrants was simply much greater than the local residents, who had to choose between two options: to live among the russian majority or to go to the Turkish society, more similar to them in mentality?
When will you made the video about Dravidian languages?
You do.
why was armenia/armenian and the northern caucases completely ignored as of 4:30?
because armenian is a indo-european language and not caucasian
Northern part of Northern Caucasus is populated by kipchak turks.
@@archiboch it is both
@@enbylucca541 but then azeri turkic should be on the map too by that logic
@@archiboch yes, all languages spoken in the caucases (i can't spell) should be in a video about caucasian languages
You have put some hard work and dedication there but in what way was "Kaskian" spoken this wide?? it has never been spoken on the Trabzon and Georgian territories. maybe put them west to Samsun... most Kaskian lands shown in video were Proto-Kartvelian/Zan. also majority of Abkhazia territory was first Zan/Svan speaking before Abaza shows up in Western abkhazia. even Georgian speakers were there before the Abkhazians (Moschi mentioned by Greek historians) and Heniochi who were Zan/Colchian.
Do you know anything about the Zan expansion shown in video I know Zan languages used to went deeper into the pontus but how deep they went down is a subject of debate
@@irontamgha8276 thing is, Zan didn't expand into pontus. it was native lol.... kaska was after samsun territory
Great! 👍
Very difficult languages. Real cultural treasures. :)
Wow, really impressive 😮
But what with Mannaeans?
Thank you very much. I included it to the Hurrian family (they are noted south from Urmia Lake)
It's mostly assumed that Mannaeans spoke a dialect of Hurrian.
Great video
Thank you
Proud to have circassian roots
Werent Georgians removed from Abkhazia in the 90s?
300,000 this video is ver inaccurate
there are still many georgians living there. + most of the abkhazians have georgian last names.
but yeah, still not very accurate.
The 1864 Genocide really did change the demographics of the land
Наглядно показывает, что из-за стран в которые входят Кавказ и их политики ассимиляции, исконных народов Кавказа становится всё меньше.
+genocide
Hurro-Urartian wasn't a caucasian language group ಠ_ಠ
And also, adyghes didn't lived in Kabarda before 15th century. Firstly it was populated with Nakhs but soon Sarmatians and then alans started to live there.
It was indo european wasnt it :)))
@@ihatetiktok475 No, it was from unknown group so it's considered only to itself, to Hurro-Urartian languages
Кабарды может и не было но предки черкесов скорее всего там жили затем ушли оттуда так как майкопская культура доходила вплоть до современной Чечни
There is nothing like 'Caucasian language group' or "Caucasian language family' .. There are three separate language families of so called 'Caucasus region' nowadays.. : Northwestern (Abaza-Adygean) , Northeastern ( Nakho - Dagestani) , and Genetic south Caucasian (Kartvelian) .. These three language families are indigenous to the region and NOT having one mutual cultural ancestor. Hurro-Urartian may have been similar case , its own family , and indigenous to the region. The video itself is trying to show autochthonous groups of Caucasus.
This is beautiful
btw how come whole eastern georgia was urartian speaking. urartu never captured territories what is now eastern georgia and actually recent archeological discoveries proved that proto-georgian states existed there.
Can you tell me about it more?
@@keepingbloodpuretypenation5906 about what?
@@gigachaduneli1121 About proto kartvelian states which existed there
@@keepingbloodpuretypenation5906 no
Seems that author unified the meaning of 'culture' and 'ethnicity' in here .. As he portrayed Kura- Araxes culture as completely - Urartian people .. which actually makes no sense ..
Greetings from Turkey ( *Laz* ) ❤️
Gegacginas/გეგაჯგინას ))
Are you a Laz speaker from Lazistan?
@Mehmet Malkoç Lazs are not Georgian. Georgian and Laz can't understand each others well. I have been to Rize and also my ancestors are from Rize as a Turk family and I know that from a Georgian. Laz and Georgian languages are not as close as Turkish and Azerbaijani.
@@Burak-gr4ee I'm Georgian (megrel) and I understand Lazuri. Lazepe do Sakortuo arti voret. If you are not Laz don't speak for them. Why you turks stick your nose in our relationship?
Gaumarjos jima
As a languages nerd who is learning the eastern variant of Circassian, called Kabardian, I'm very surprised to see that according to this video the split between western Circassian (Adyghe) and eastern Circassian (Kabardian) occurs at around 900BC. Native speakers have told me repeatedly that they see them as the same language and that they have a pretty high level of mutual intelligibility. I'm guessing like Spanish and Portuguese from what I've seen but don't quote me on that yet. And of course, Spanish and Portuguese split from each other way more recently than that, so I am surprised, even though I know languages evolve at different speeds.
Yeah the video is wrong about that.
Great video but how about the georgian mamluk dynasties in Egypt and Iraq?Its a proven fact that they retained their language
Good job.
Thank you
Before the Indo-European expansion probably also the southern shore of the Caspian sea spoke "Caucasian". As usual, much guesswork involved. We know too little.
Members of Kassite family lived there such as Cadusii or some early Indo-European such as Amardi
Not gonna lie, I was half‐expecting for Albanian to show up. That would really have created a glorious comment section.
Well, then let's hope he creates a timeline of the early Roman Kingdom, or even the history of the Latins, including their origins. So many would try to claim a connection between Alba Longa and the Latin Albans with Modern Albanians.
Well,Caucasian Albanian showed up and so did its succesor the Udi language.
@@albanian_barcelona_fan And lezgian
Albanian is an Indo-European language. This is about Caucasian languages, not the same root necessarily but under the same umbrella term.
@@Qwerty-hy5mj there's a popular pseudohistorical theory that Albanians are from the Caucasus. I was reffering to that one.
what's known about the kaskian language?
good job. good luck 👍👍👍
Thank you
I checked PCA charts and genetic related percentages charts. These guys like their modern descendants hold Neolithic European Anatolian farmer ancestry. Which makes sense. The Neolithic period had the farmer migeations across the European continent. These guys are Anatolian farmer descent.
Before the Indo-European populations arrive.
Im from Anatolia and i have Anatolian farmer ancestry.^^
We are the descendants of ancient civilizations like Trojans.
@@Valkyraw I know. The Turk components depending on the article and region you ask is 30-50% depending the article, biases, and region you study.
And then indigenous European dna from Anatolian farmers, European hunter gatherers and western steppe herders.
@@turkcukayi They are balkan immigrants because of Muhacir. Balkan Muslims migrated to Anatolia because they saw Turkey as their motherland when the Ottoman Empire collapsed.
It is estimated that 1/3 of turkeys Population has Balkan ancestry because of it.
I myself have Balkan ancestry too.
@@turkcukayi Can you not tell me what i am and what i am not?
I have 50% Anatolian Farmer DNA, so yes i am Anatolian BY GENETICS.
Just like i have balkan and greek genetic too. I also have Turkic Genetics.
Yes i am a very mixed person.
And yes i am from Cappadocia region, from Kayseri (Caesaria)
@@turkcukayi Well i am not exactly from the city but from a little village in the PROVINCE kayseri. There are no armenians in that village.
Also i have told you already that i have 50% Anatolian Farmer DNA, which literally is native Anatolian DNA. I did a DNA test already.
Im not an immigrant.
I dont understand why you are trying to tell me what i am and what im not based on your little knowledge of me.
Why didn't you separate Chechen and Ingush languages? They are different languages.
They are close related to each other. They are referred as Vainakh languages
@@CostasMelas but you showed almost every Dagestanian language. Although some of them are close related to each other too. As example, Lezgian and Rutul
@@user-mv7xi1ey4z They separated earlier, instead of the closely related Chechen-Ingush
They're not different
Just dialects
@@CostasMelas Chechens and Ingush are political division of one nation. During Russia's expansion into the Caucasus, the Chechens resisted this aggression and were Muslims. At the same time, the pagan Ingush voluntarily submitted. Then there was a division of a single people of Nakhche (in the scientific terminology of Nakhch). Our languages are no different and we understand each other.
Great Video
Thank you
I found texts from three branches of Caucasian languages
Northeastern caucasian language (Avar) text:
Dob zamanayalda t1olabqo duniyalalda buk1ana tsoqo mats1, tsoqo luğat
Northwestern caucasian language (Adyghe) text:
A l'eh'anym ch1yqum izefedek1e zy bzere zy quschy1ak1ere tetyq'er
South Caucasian language (georgian) text:
Erti ena hkondat da ertnairad met'qvelebdnen mtel dedamits'aze
What about chechen language? Is it caucasic?
Chechen is part of the Vainakh languages shown in the video (the other is Ingush)
chechen is called "vainakh" on this map. this is its self-name.
and beeng more correctly, chechen and ingush languages form a vainakh language family.
They are close related to each other. They are referred as Vainakh languages (Chechen and Ingush)
@@CostasMelas most people just have never heard about the vord "vainakh" and not understanding that is is chechen.
in russia we dont use the "vainakh language" name, we call it "chechen-ingush language fron the vainakh language family" regardless it is the only language in this language family.
I'm vainah, and ingush. It's normal maps, but area vaibah languages it's little wrong. Before 1944 area bigges. Excuse me for mistakes. ))
well, well.. it's a well known fact that Kabardian (east Circassian) came to existence in about the 14th century, after the Circassian expansion under Inal the Great. It's a result of migration from the west while you show the territory as Circassian from the very beginning. Before them the land was Alan, who were not indigenous. Before the Alan god knows who owned the land, most probably the Malkh relatives of the Ingush-Chechens. Sad thing is that there is not much content about the matter on youtube and what's there is amauter stuff
Молчать, балкарец
It was owned by Sindi. As said by Roman sources. So proto Circassians.
@@rayian536 Sindi lived on the black sea
Generally agreed, but the exact period of Kabardian migration is still a hotpoint of discussion. Traditionally, it was even dated to 12-13 century, but then reconsidered as the late 14th century - just after Timur invasion. The latest opinion by Skhatum sounds most reliable to me - his date is the late 15th or even early 16th century, since Girays and Ottomans dominated over the Western Circassian lands. The latter date is agreed with archeological context as well
А ничего что черкесы и вайнахи жили за долго до алан на Кавказе? Эти территории же кто то занимал до алан. Черкесы и вайнахи были соседями до того как аланы вклинились между ними
do the caucasian avars have anything to do with the medieval pannonian avars?
Nothin
Amazing!
Thank you
Жарайсың
Good job, like from Azerbaijan
Thank you
Please do Chadic languages
What exactly is the logic behind not including Indo-European and Turkic languages spoken in the Caucasus but then including Hurro-Urartian, Kaskian and Hattic at the beginning? The latter of which doesn't even have any distribution in the Caucasus so how is it a Caucasian language?
The video includes the local language groups around Caucasus
@@CostasMelas So why didn't you include Turkic and Indo-European languages?
@@sarahs.thorpe857why should they do that? Turks are not real Caucasian people!
Who you are Costas Melas? What's your job? You are my Idol!
Thank you very much :)
Sorry, you made a mistake. Kabarda arose as a result of the migration of Adygs (Circassians) to the east in the 15th century. After the defeat of Alania (the Nakh state), these lands were devastated. Nakh tribes lived there. The Urarts and Hurrians are related to the Nakhs.
They did not show the deportation (recognized as UN genocide) of the Chechens and Ingush in 1944. Genocide and expulsion of Chechens from the coastal Caspian lands in 1718. And in the 1820s they were finally expelled from the eastern lands. Also, the Chechens near Sunzha were deported to the Ottoman Empire, but the video only shows the deportation of the Circassians.
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
the relation between hurro-urartians and northeast caucasian is not established
@@Nokhchiydu i didnt know that. but it's not surprising, throughout history the entire caucasian people have been under heavy oppression from neighbouring powers especially russia, you guys fought them a lot but they're just too much😞 there are also pockets of georgian and armenian people here in iran whose ancestors were deported here 400 years ago.
Etruscan Minoans were not shown. As well as Chechens in Turkey and Jordan
It is interesting. 👍
These all (in the beginning) are not Caucasian languages. Only half are. Hurro-Urartian is even a separate family
чеченцы и черкесы братья 🤝☝️
Brothers till the end ❤️
You can see how Russians genocided Cirkassians and how they ran to Turkey
what languages were spoken in western Anatolia?
Languages of neolithic Aegean substratum and later Anatolian languages (Luwic, Proto-Lydian).
@@CostasMelas thanks
or proto indo-european
amazing
Great job video. #Rosalina
Thank you
Can you do mitraism religion please
I would love to make it in the future
@@CostasMelas future 😰
2:50 Start Sea People invasion ???
God, I wish the resurrection of the West Circassians , now most in turkey and the middle east
Which language was Azeri-Pahlavi?(real and old language of Azeris/an Iranian lanuage).
It evolved into the modern Tat language.
Bizler Türküz. Azeriler diye bi irani halk yok artık. Azerbaycan Türkleri var.
@@tanhukim9963 bu fars şovenistleri her yerde aynı anasını satayım, okulda ne öğretiyolarsa onu yazıyolar
@@haydolimposofficial aynen knk.
@@tanhukim9963 If you're of Turkish descent and speak only Turkish, it can be accepted that Azeris are Turks. I can also learn Turkish and leave my name (like the non-Turkish Georgian Erdogan), but this way the Turkish people become a false people. If we look at the race, the Azeris aren't Turks, because Azeris aren't of Turkish descent. The race of the Azeris shows that their race is close to that of the Persians, Kurds and other Iranians.
The link between Caucasus languages and Hurro-Urartian languages has not been proven, it’s a current hypothesis.
There are many Urartian words in the Georgian language.
На армянском тоже!
And then, all of a sudden... *GENOCIDE*
hope these languages stick around through these times
not the Vainakh language, but the Nakhchi (Chechen) Vainakh, it simply means our people
proud to be Armenian(Urartian)
georgia is only independant caucasian speaking nation.
არც ისეთი ჩამოსახლებულები არიან აფსუები როგორც ჩანს აქ. მე კი ვიცოდი რომ იმაზე დიდი ხანია ცხოვრობენ აფხაზეთში ვიდრე ჩვენ გვიხატავდნენ, არის რათქმაუნდა ჩვენი დანაშაულის წილიც მათი დაკარგვის და მოძულების, თავისთავად რუსული პროპაგანდის დახმარებით.. ისინი ათასწლეულები მჭიდროდ ჩახლართული სამეგრელოსთან ცხოვრობდნენ და ქართველური კულტურის მატარებლები იყვნენ. დღეს კულტურა კი არა ნახევრად ველურები არიან ნომერ პირველი მტერი ქართველი მაგათთვის. რუსეთის იმ დონეზე პროჭის მლოკავი რომ საკუთარი ძმების ჩერქეზების გენოციდსაც არ ცნობენ, ასეთი აზრის ვარ მე
@@aleksandredidebulidze9971 რაც თქვი იმაში გეთანხმები მაგრამ ჩემს კომენტართან რაშუაშია?
@@aleksandredidebulidze9971 არაა ბიჭო ეს სწორი ათასი შეცდომა დაუშვა ამ ვიდეოში
@@aleksandredidebulidze9971 16-17 საუკუნეებში მოვიდნენ
Abkhazia?