A hydrogen sulfide generator using... a candle
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 14 มิ.ย. 2021
- I explore an alternative way of generating H2S for an upcoming project that uses the reaction between paraffin and sulfur to generate the toxic gas. It doesn't feel like real science though. Subreddit: / explosionsandfire
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Twitter: / explosions_fire
Patreon: / explosionsandfire
Music is as usual from the Aphex Twin soundcloud dump, track names are:
- 40 Lannerlush Full
- 17Elb1
- 18Elb2
Paper reference:
"The Production of Hydrogen Sulphide by Heating Paraffine and Other Hydrocarbon Mixtures with Sulphur" (1930)
journals.iupui.edu/index.php/... - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
![MOBYE - มีใจทำไมไม่จีบ (ASAP) [Official MV]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/dCOdz92FU18/mqdefault.jpg)
Upside down science man does mist magic
@redxpen that heart warming should not occur.... Have you made sure you still have your sense of smell?
@@EnRandomSten im thinking of a spray bottle you spray hydrogen sulfide with and it will block the smell of farts, you know if you have a lot of trapped wind sometimes.
ʇxǝʇ uʍop ǝpᴉsdn sǝɹᴉnbǝɹ uɐɯ ǝɔuǝᴉɔs uʍop ǝpᴉsdn
I keep watching to see inside out man...
@@dashingdave2665 look up Florida man I believe that’s as close to “inside out man” as your gonna get
Always good to stop and think "How could this experiment have killed me?". It trains your critical thinking and builds up your paranoia levels at the same time!
Yeah, that thing with "maybe i shouldn't use air as a carrier gas in making H2S" got me laughing too.
Chemistry isn't chemistry without a healthy dose of 'fuck is this trying to kill me?'
@@ngobmx 😂
Don’t let NileRed see this comment xd
It builds your yolo levels too
You really dodged a bullet by using a blue candle and not a yellow one. Imagine all the things that could have gone wrong!
Exactly! The blue was to counter the yellow of the sulfur, that's how the science works
@@ExtractionsAndIre but...but...you said it wasn't real science.
@@ExtractionsAndIre perfect alchemy response. this wasn't chemistry this was alchemy^^
@@ExtractionsAndIre blue + yellow = green, hydrogen sulfide is actually sneaky chlorine confirmed.
Chemistry is all about -superstition- holding grudges
It's got yellow chem as an ingredient.
It's got yellow chem as a byproduct.
It's got flammable gas + oxidiser within a glass vessel.
It's got ratios measured in thumbs.
It's got hardware, dinner party and fireplace ingredients.
It's gotta be the hardest damn thing to clean up before you even start the reaction.
What's not to like?!?
Everything
It's just missing the tar. Depressingly low amounts of tar in this one. And not all that much use of shitty plastic cups either.
@@TestECullcleaning that flask is going to be about as tough as cleaning tar at least.
There are several quests involving chemistry in RuneScape, and this is definitely on that level
Runescape let’s go! Lots of gems on that game
I’ve been playing RuneScape since 2002 lol. A year or so after RS2 released. I have taken long breaks but you can never quit RuneScape. Old school now is the only way to go.
You make napalm in one quest lol
Buying GF xD
@@dragofill2808 you're in the wrong place to buy one of those man lol go back to the ge
Ah yes, as expertly demonstrated in the reaction of Al and S (w/ steel wool), a timber shed with lots of dry wood makes a good location for conducting exothermic reactions.
That argon cylinder, peeking around the corner like a doggo at the kitchen threshold. XD
Literally staring you down in the corner
@redxpen I've had a cylinder sitting in my garage for years now, originally it was for an ion engine that wasn't meant to be.
It's extremely important that you ONLY use BLUE candles. Don't fuck it up.
Yellow candles are bad!!! Actually isn’t sulfur yellow??
@@calvaryassemblyofgodsouthi8046 yeah that's why you gotta counteract it with a blue candle. This is exactly how real science works yes
@@ExtractionsAndIre Yellow + Blue = Green Science. Everyone knows this.
The blue reacts with the evil tree spirits imbued in the charcoal.
😂 I’m so glad I’m not the only person that thought “does the candle need to be blue”?
For some reason "12 grams candle" really cracked me up
"12 grams candle" in a scientific protocol would get the fuck out of my attention. I'd probably try a "12 grams candle" experiment before any of those fancy "12 grams petroleum-based high melting point mineral wax (CAS number, company/supplier)" type protocols
"Combine the candle with the burnt twig"
Classic survival gameplay!
"Look around you… can you fashion some sort of rudimentary lathe?" -- _Galaxy Quest_ parodying the makeshift cannon from Star Trek's "Arena".
what is it good for tho?
A chemical weapon keeping predator animals out of your camp?
I love old chemistry papers, since they often used chemicals really easy to get hold of (considering it might have been the best they could do at the time) and the process ends up being pretty manageable for modern Australians in sheds to do
Easy as dicks just use some 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 4-O-glucoside
i wish australerans were real
“Pretty manageable for modern Australians in shed to do”
That gave me a good chuckle
Im from central coast NSW AUSTRALIA, this is true, bunnings and pool shops have a bloody lot of things needed
@@TheH4rtz paid actor right here
>Uses powder that was yellow from the start
>Reaction flask and condenser is fucked with yellow and tar black
>Success!
refreshing change!
Chemagic is real but very dirty.
Nice tar synthesis Tutorial!
After watching like 50 of your videos I finally have a useful suggestion: Don't use candles as your paraffin source. There are weird (cheap) formulations used in candles that often contain residues of all sorts of things including perfumes used in the same molds. Just buy a block of canning wax to be sure you have purity. It's cheap.
I always love when random useless facts become usefull at random times in life.
@@KyleJones734 it makes me love my autistic fact storing brain
@@chemistryofquestionablequa6252 oh no... don't tell me fact storing brain = autistic :(
@@YounesLayachi not usually. a lot of autistic people are exceptionally good at fact storing brain tho.
Not cheaper than some candle you took from your mum.
I remember taking a safety course (H2S alive) for working in the oil field. Apparently one of the scary things about H2S is that if you get exposed to a lethal dose (even without a knockdown), it might not kill you right away. So you may think you're fine, but it can build up in your system because it'll dissolve in your blood and then later that night or the next day your lungs start to fill with fluids and shut down due to damage from the gas, and that's what will kill you. Really nasty stuff, the instructor who was teaching this stuff was very adamant that there was no "safe" exposure limit to H2S despite different regions having "safe exposure levels". His argument was that you take a look at the regions that have oil and gas industries, vs the regions that don't, and the regions that have these industries "for some reason" have a higher safe exposure limit than regions without this industry.
If you calculate the H2S content you need and only put in enough sulphur for three or four equivalents, you can add an excess of wax to make the cleanup easier. Once your reaction is done, just heat to the melting point of the wax and then pour the rest of the wax out. You can reuse the wax if you really want to, as long as you don't use a literal burnt stick for a nucleation site lol. Should also stop the sulphur fouling your precious precious Claisen Adapter (and everything else).
Is he rich enough to get 4 blue candle sticks?
"This isn't real science" Of course not, it's yellow...
I’m demonstrating lots of yellow chemistry on my channel- check it out...sulphur chemistry 😀
"Well, this is not real chemistry - this looks like potion making from some RPG" is a phrase you can build an entire channel upon =]
No stoichiometry were harmed in the creation of this alchemy.
Hello Everyone, anybody who gives suggestions that how can I detect H2S gas from Soil and which method gives a meaningful result?
The extractions & Ire editing style is getting more explosions & fire shit posty. I approve :D
The claisen adapter 📯🎵 🎆
Seriously the editing style is something i always loved about this channel
@@steam6626 it's why I watch this way more than NileRed or any other science youtuber!@
@@jameshowarth4801 same
The last time I was this early, we were still using carbon tet for doing chemistry.
Theres always time for carbon tet chem, just remember to recover your solvent
Fuckin love the 60's
Ah yeah, those were the days, 2019 was a good year
@@bluekiwi42nd12 And then go recover from liver damage.
@@ExtractionsAndIre was it?
"In todays video were making the chemical compound most feared by the petroleum industry"
Yet somehow, not the chemical they *SHOULD* be most concerned about. The selfish fucks.
@@StabbyJoe135 Nitrogen oxides? Lead?
@@altaccout I think they mean crude oil, fossil fuels being an environmental disaster and all
iT'S BACK!! oh wait wrong chemical sorry
@@StabbyJoe135 yawn....
Since carbon and sulphur already are elements I demand that Blue candle receive an "ad honorem" element status.
I believe that blue candle is an allotrope of element candle, rather than separate element.
@@bagniacz3264 haha spot on 👌
I know 0 chemistry but I always love watching your videos
glad you like the content mate!
"It's not real science."
It's CLASSICAL SCIENCE.
Alchemy*
La chemistręe du claşsiqųe
“I’m actually going to turn this down” :puff: YELLOW
I made a whole bunch by using a protein skimmer on my saltwater aquarium. The bacteria in the skimmer started churning it out one day and when I took the lid off to figure out what was making the smell- blam, the whole house smelled like rotten eggs. I laid on the floor, scrubbing out the protein skimmer and tank having very little idea that was actually dangerous and not just known-to-the-state-of-California-dangerous like I'd assumed. The smell is fucking gnarly.
After this content drought, I reckon there will be some mice incoming
Gas the mice in the shed with H2S?
@@hanelyp1 ouch
GAS THE MICE
RACE CAR NOW
Staying up till 4am was worth it. I have some bad memories of H2S forming in our water heaters.
Can I ask what thats about?
Eee... you guys must have a shitload of sulphur in water, or what?
@@bagniacz3264 idk exactly how but we had water sitting in the heater for a long time without use. Smells terrible.
This is much easier than my eggs and beans method.
Finally, you're making something I know what it is! Known to laymen as sour gas. I took a safety course for working around it (oilfield work) and they told us "if you can't smell it, it's either not there, or you're already dead." Fun!
We have a lot of yellow here, alchemy-ish reactants, stinky poisonous gas and potential fire hazard. Nearly perfect. I couldn't ask for more, really.
DnD idea attained. One blue candle, sulfur, and some charcoal from last night's campfire. Lizardfolk hold breath for 15 minutes to make it and to deploy it, and they also know when to leave it before everyone else, as they are more sensitive to the smell.
3:10
> lights H2S with Aluminium and Steel wool on fire
> puts it under a pile of wood
staying on brand, i see. that's why we fucking love you :D
Yeah it wasn't the best of choices haha
I mean, WE are generators. Just fart on an h2s monitor 😉
Oilfield truckers get bored sometimes lol
For real?
For reals.
Not joking.
Really.
@@blackferrets820 Yea, forreal. Part of the distinct smell of farts is hydrogen sulfide.
I was present at a demonstration of a very expensive gas meter where I worked. It was to measure low O2, flammable gas in CH4 equivalents, H2S. This meter was supposedly made to be used in a work environment so I put the thing to my butt and ripped one off. The meter squealed and went into alarm and quit working! The guy selling the meters said " I can't believe you did that". We didn't buy those meters. Thanks for the memory, LOL.
@@pixelpatter01 Oh my god that story is brilliant xDDD
Your actions today are notable contributions to the scientific community! We're going to learn so much about cancers studying you in thirty years!
The difficult part will be differentiating between the "I live in Australia so this was inevitable" cancer and the "I worked around chemicals all my life" cancer.
Chemical label: Extremely toxic and painful.
Ex&F: Oh no!, anyway...
Here in Germany you can actually buy pre-made pellets that you can heat and generate H2S. They are called "Sulfidogen". They can be easily homemade:
25 parts by weight of paraffin oil are mixed with 15 parts of sulfur, then it is melted on the water bath. 7 parts of kieselguhr (very fine SiO2 basically, the same you can use for filtering, then its called "Diatomaceous earth" I think) are stirred into the homogeneous melt. The mass is brittle at room temperature, but plastically deformable at approx. 40 ° C. Small portions can be pierced with the cork drill.
This might be cleaner to work with and make less problems. Also, maybe less heat is required as they use already liquid oil instead of wax.
What are they sold for?
@@ipodhty I cannot say for sure, I think as an individual it cannot be purchased. However the manufacturing is easy, and they say at 170 C, 0,5g of the mixture releases 120mg H2S. So calculation is easy as well
i was gonna finally get some sleep at 7:40am eastern time but you had to go and drop this video
I did this just to spite you
@@ExtractionsAndIre thanks bb i appreciate it 😘
"For our sulfur we just have... Sulfur"
Very informative, 10/10 would watch again
it's nice to see SOMEONE is at least thinking about safety 😊👍
..at least THINKING about safety. >XD
My night shift is perfect for me, I come home and my fav mad scientist posts
damn, i wish when i was on night shift i had these videos to come home to, it was normally watching re runs of buzzfeed episodes and trying not to cry with a pack of 4 budget beers.
I'm working during the day and I'm still watching haha
@boyo your mistake was watching Buzzfeed shows and only having four beers
Yep, the inside of a woodshed is where I prefer to do my exothermic reactions as well.
Maybe add some glass wool in the neck of the flask to stop sulfur getting in the condenser. I also wonder if parrafin oil would do the same with easier cleanup.
I think it might actually, that's a good thought. Although I'm not sure it would 'turn off' as easy as it won't solidify and completely stop the reaction very well maybe
I'd give it a try in a test tube but I don't feel the need to stink up my lab :) Would be awesome if the temperature controls the production rate then
@@ExtractionsAndIre Measure the temperature at which it starts generating?
I do suspect that the reaction temperature if used with paraffine oil could be a bit lower.
“12 grams candle” was way funnier than it should’ve been. And yeah I’d stick with argon for the next run if it’s not too much of a pain. You’re likely right, with enough air you’re below the flammability threshold, but why risk it and/or rely on your small air pump and hope you’re below the threshold of your air/HS glass shrapnel bomb detonating
Wouldn't nitrogen gas be a better choice in this case? It's much cheaper than argon gas as far as I'm aware
regarding cleaning the flask: at uni when I made sulfur chlorides once, I used salt in ethanol as an abrasive to get most of the yucky residue out. fill it in, stopper, shake the hell out of it. got the idea from an online guide on how to clean tarred up bongs. ;)
This feels like a Minecraft crafting recipe more than a chemical reaction
The real world called.
@@MadScientist267 Huh?
@@xEclipse56x 🤦♂️ Exactly
@@MadScientist267 I don’t understand why you have a problem with me relating something to a game
@@xEclipse56x It's a much longer story than can fit into a TH-cam comment... Don't lose sleep over it.
Suffice to say I've seen a few "de-evolutions" (one in particular very disturbing) caused by games and detachment... You just happen to have the right wording combo to tap the nail on the way by 🤣
ah yes. lets have the exothermic reaction take place right next to giant pile of wood.
What could possibly go wrong??
And be in Australia!
Your video quality as in the quality of the overall product has come so far in just the past year or two even. Seems professional in all the right ways while still holding onto that boyish charm we’ve come to know and love
Two videos in like a week!? I love it (but don't burn yourself out!)
It was 10 days ago I think! But yes, I'm just impatient!
@@ExtractionsAndIre I would like to add;
Not only don't burn yourself out, but also don't blow yourself up.
Tom: uploads a video showing a better way to make HS
FBI: 👁️👄👁️
OP I love your Channel.
Im interested in science but havent looked up much chemistry on youtube yet. Am from Germany and saw you in my recommendations 1-2 Weeks ago.
Am binge watching your vids since, love your unique flavor. A really well done blend of "science/chemistry" and "what people want to see on youtube" for me. Great character and great example of how robust some of the chemical processes are in terms of tolerance, which I like very much.
I used H2S liquid as a sulfur donator when I was growing MoS2 on Graphene (i also grew the graphene and transferred it onto silicon wafers) because the ATTM (Ammonium tetrathiomolybdate) reaction sometimes wouldn't happen. I used a PARR vessel to create high pressure temperatures which drove the reaction. The whole goal was to show that if the MoS2 seeded properly and grew on the graphene, the graphene could serve as the electron transport layer in a Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. which it did. Point being, H2S is the most putrid rotten egg smell i have ever had the pleasure to work with.
I did notice that in one of the shots of your reaction there were distinctly large "bubbles" of gas forming, but i think the surface tension of the molten liquid was very strong and trapped it. The clip where you had a burst of gas was when 4 or 5 of those "bubbles" burst open. So i think that you could safely say that this generates a ton of H2S immediately, but because of that surface tension it traps it until there is enough heat to break the tension and then it releases the gas that accumulated over time.
Instead of cleaning u can jusst name the flask H2S generation flask and use it only for that. No clean up needed. XD
If I used H2S more, then you're right I'd probably do this! But knowing me and how much I jumpnaround with projects, I probably won't use it again for another year at least
Charcoal, Sulphur, and a candle...
That ain't science, that's witchcraft baby! B)
The Aphex Twin soundtrack is so perfect for your videos. I love how the bit at 9 minutes is a completely frayed and decayed continuation of the earlier bit. The music adds so much to your production value!
Wow, that brings back memories. I evacuated our Jr. High School when I was in 8th grade (US) in the '70s, heating paraffin and sulfur in a test tube over a Bunsen burner in the science class. I found the procedure in an old book I bought at a university "get rid of old books" sale. I just wanted to make "smell of rotten eggs" 😬.
Lol oops
The sign of a true chemist is putting off cleaning the glassware for another day when you don't have any grad students around.
Bit closer to the firewood next time, wouldn't want to be too safe.
One professor told me safety advice that I carry with me always, and it's somewhat applicable here. The gist was that if you get that feeling coming from your subconscious that you're being unsafe, you should listen to it. Because mammals are well-evolved to develop patterns to predict future survival situations. Considerations to safety and building that survival sense is never a fool's pursuit.
The woodworking version is “If an operation feels unsafe, it probably is.”
This is a very nice method for making H2S, which by the way is a gasotransmitter apparently, like NO. You could make pellets out of wax, sulphur and carbon, maybe a couple of grams each. And melt one pellet at a time when you need H2S. And you can after some tests add different number of pellets depending on how much gas you want to make
Extractions&Ire. Give the flask a soak in vinegar for a good hour and come back. The charcoal should readily scrub off.
Unique reaction! I heard somewhere that a mix of sulfur, carbon, and potassium nitrate in a ratio of 10:15:75 works even better! ;)
Nose can get used to low levels too. I was distilling liquids some time ago and it had a slight hydrogen sulfide smell (nothing for me to get worried about, a very slight smell). However, after long time sitting by and taking fractions I got slight sympthoms that turned into light head ache, moved to fresh air and it turned into a large headache followed by dizziness. For large concentration it can make you not smell it almost at all.
I'd rate H2S closer to cyanides in danger (I can possibly disable you pretty quickly too). The difference to me is that at least you can smell it unlike CO or if you're like me, HCN at least in slow levels (but yet high enough to give slight dizzyness).
Perfect, I've been wanting to experiment with using the girdler sulfide process to get heavy water vs buying it or spending ages electrolyzing it. I was very wary of the Hsulfide and had given up on the endeavor but this method seems to actually make production and handling seem somewhat feasable!
thats a really nice saab in the background :D
Reminder from the Ruthenium Tetroxide video, you wanted to to a video extracting calcium from bones.
I always appreciate the Aphex Twin tracks.👍🏻👍🏻
really nice of you to show the bong- i mean reaction flask- cleaning. hygiene is important on repeated use of glassware :)
What a weird method for making hydrogen sulfide, really intriguing. I usually make hydrogen sulfide by boiling sulfur and sodium hydroxide followed by acidification with hydrochloric acid, super easy and to my surprise, a very easy cleanup, so long as you use excess sodium hydroxide that is.
Ahh, but his method seems to produce anhydrous Hydrogen Sulfide.
That is probably useful in some cases. (I don't know enough chem to even begin guessing if that make a difference).
@@The_Keeper Yea, I guess but most of the time for me it's not necessary, fair point though
It was only yesterday when I learned that farts with a high enough hydrogen sulphide concentration can kill
A big enough fart is lethal.
So glad you’re back bro I’ve missed the videos!
Your editing choices are top mate
Somehow this has been one of your scariest videos lmao. The sudden kind of explosion at 9:26 was something that would have made me shit my pants while in uni. Also 100% agree, using a carrier gas is really nice in a case like this but I would definitely not do it with air again, especially considering that the reaction was kind of a bitch to handle properly. Cheers
If your chemistry goes yellow, chuck some charcoal in there and you'll be fine
I definitely had a bit of a pucker moment when you talked about running air through that apparatus, so I'm glad you addressed it.
I love how it just takes off all of a sudden and you start playing boss music.
Madlad Aussie makes smelly egg air using paraffin...things?
How can u write 12 mins ago, it just came out
@@thegermanguy-it3ek illuminati that's why
@@thegermanguy-it3ek it's tom's alt account actually
@@thegermanguy-it3ek I'm a wizard
@@rainbianca8625 I wish I was that cool :c
Yellow chem saving the day once again.
Absolute trash talk
Oh man, I didn't realize you came back! One of my favorite channels where I have, like, no fucking clue what you're talking about 90% of the time, but I'm enjoying the content all the same
Shoutout for using that nice dry log pile a wind break for generating sulphides @ 3:15
Favorite Australian chemist on yt
A couple guys on a job at a refinery died to h2s because someone didn't torque a flange properly.
Thank you for sharing it Tom ! I already knew this methode but never heards about adding charcoal to it. The cleaning kinda traumatised me as it took a entire liter of xylene and maybe 200ml of piranah to fully clean the jar from my side. What i recomment to people using this methode is to just rapidely clean it to remove big junk and keep it as a jar specially for this reaction. Anyway will be very helpful for my 24h bubbling of H2S for making thiobenzophenone ^^
If you want to find out whether the oxygen/H2S mix is dangerous would be to find out the rate at which the H2S is produced, i.e. by measuring the pressure in the reaction setup whilst the rxn is running.
With that you could probably calculate some type of steady state concentration based on your carrier gas flow rate.
Also, technically, just pumping the carrier gas at ludicrous speeds would give you the lowest concentrations, so you'd probably end up with a safer mixture at higher carrier gas pressures
RIP the flask that will never get clean again. 😅
Making the thing I've been taught to fear. Lad.
i learn so much when i watch these vids. i had never even heard of a re-juicing gas before.
3:15 classic violent exothermic reaction next to a firewood stack, keep it up
So easy it should be on TH-cam Kids!
oh now that's a controversial thought haha
That aphex twin always gets me
Haven't done any chemistry in years, but mate, your videos are really good. Especially with your vacobulaty!
I used to work out on the pipelines of Alberta. H2S was the most common killer. You are a brave man.
"I'll do it another day, I swear"
There's a cheap thesis writing joke in there, isn't it?
Well that worked... nice stuff
Btw carbon in the trees doesnt come from the ground right, thats stupid;)
Unless its from a burned out fire and you picked it up later that would count as 'from the ground'
True thought... charcoal from the air??? I did just pick it up off an old fire though
@@ExtractionsAndIre So yeah charcoal from the ground, carbon from the air... whatever, its all the same in the end
This is such a cool and simple reaction. I’ve always wanted to see someone attempt it when I saw it listed as an alternative way of producing H2S on the Wikipedia page for hydrogen sulfide
I think this is a common reaction that should occur with any hydrocarbons, i remember visiting a gas desulfurization unit from a natural gas producer where the molten sulfur had still some methane/ethane mixed in and it produced quite a lot of H2S.
Also worth mentionning it also produced a strange mineral they called Carbsulf (not much info about this) which i assume was some kind of carbon polysulfide, it was somewhat translucent and flaky (i still got some in my collection).
RE on your sense of smell getting oversaturated when the concentration is too strong. The same thing happens with most geiger counters when you measure the radiation level: when it gets too high, they completely stop counting pulses because pulses become just a continuous internal discharge that does not produce impulses or sound. If you ever encounter that, you know you fked up.
A real “hammer and tongs” approach there Tom.
Great potion making. About the air thing. We didn’t do a quantitative test but I feel like the h2s is in that 4-44% range so maybe a suckback trap or argon is a better idea but if it flows out quickly all of those won’t be nesassary. Try and use activated carbon if suckback is an issue if you abandon the carrier gas. Other than that I can’t wait to see what you have planned with that
Casually incinerates some aluminum and sulfide right next to a burn pile. That’s my man