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Diffraction Limited
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 22 มิ.ย. 2023
This channel contains projects revolving around optics, lasers and cnc machining. The aim is to provide useful and interesting information as well as tools and techniques for those intrigued by the topics above.
Open Source Laser Interferometer - Part 2: Building the beam splitter.
Part two of this series provides details on how to build the beam splitter. It is made from regular float glass without any coating.
Watch part 1 if you want to learn more about this Project: th-cam.com/video/v8gaEqHa1r0/w-d-xo.html
GITHUB Project Page:
github.com/0x23/nmWave-Interferometer
CHAPTERS:
00:00 Introduction
00:33 CAD Model
00:45 Checking the Glass Quality
01:33 Fizeau Interferometer
02:27 Cutting the Glass
03:46 Grinding the Glass
07:33 Polarization
08:04 Demonstrations
08:04 Outro
Watch part 1 if you want to learn more about this Project: th-cam.com/video/v8gaEqHa1r0/w-d-xo.html
GITHUB Project Page:
github.com/0x23/nmWave-Interferometer
CHAPTERS:
00:00 Introduction
00:33 CAD Model
00:45 Checking the Glass Quality
01:33 Fizeau Interferometer
02:27 Cutting the Glass
03:46 Grinding the Glass
07:33 Polarization
08:04 Demonstrations
08:04 Outro
มุมมอง: 5 382
วีดีโอ
Open Source Laser Interferometer - Part 1: The Optical Design.
มุมมอง 18K2 หลายเดือนก่อน
Introduction to the design and optical layout of an open source laser interferometer for measruing lengths in the nanometer regime over large distances of up to 1 meter. The project aims to be accessible avoiding costly components and complex machined parts. (Note: There is a small error in the picture of the 'Michelson Interferometer with Offset' - the detector is drawn on the wrong side.) CHA...
Ruling Machine Part 4 - DIY Diffraction Gratings [4k]
มุมมอง 4.9K3 หลายเดือนก่อน
Showing the assembly and first tests of the ruling machine. Accuracy of line spacing is still an issue and the Y-axis needs to be improved in future.
A build guide for DIY Air-Bearing Pads [4K]
มุมมอง 65K3 หลายเดือนก่อน
Finally I had time to finish this video about small and easy to build air bearing pads. The video contains a complete guide to build your own pads. The CAD models are now available on my Github: github.com/0x23/open-air-bearings/ You will find ready to print .obj files for 1 inch pads there too (steel_epoxy_pads). Chapters: 00:00 - Intro 00:40 - How air bearings work 02:43 - Tools & materials 0...
Building a Small and Quiet Air Compressor [4K]
มุมมอง 43K10 หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video the design and build process of a small air compressor unit is shown. It can reach about 10 bar or 150 psi. 3D-Printed parts are used were possible to make manufactioring easy. Many air compressors rely on momentum to push through the hardest point of the compression cycle and therefore can not operate at low rpm and lack the torque to start when pressurized. The presented design ...
Examining the NUBB23 Laser Diode Array [4K]
มุมมอง 10K11 หลายเดือนก่อน
In this video, a close-up examination of the NUBB23 laser diode array is conducted. The collimation lens is removed to expose the diode assembly, and the beam profile is demonstrated both with and without the collimation lens.
Wave Simulation of a Photonic-IC for Neural Network Accelleration
มุมมอง 2Kปีที่แล้ว
In this video a simple model of a photonic IC is simulated. Similar devices are subject of current research and are explored for accelerating neural network computations with low energy. The company 'Lightmatter' already offers products based on the technology. The optics simulation program is open source and can be found on my github page: github.com/0x23/WaveSimulator2D
A Cable Robot 3D-Printer
มุมมอง 21Kปีที่แล้ว
The video presents a cable driven 3D-Printer, based on the parallel kinematic delta plattform. The machine uses dyneema fishing line as cables and a custom kinematic model running on the 'smoothieboard' printer board. Carbon fiber preloading rods are used to keep the cables under tension, providing the necessary stiffness and allowing for rapid accelartion. The parallel kinematic design has pot...
Crude concept for DIY resist from PCB-Film.
มุมมอง 750ปีที่แล้ว
This video shows a crude demonstration on how one could optain a liquid photoresist from easily available materials. Although liquid PCB resists like "Positive 20" exist. They are not easy to get in certain regions. I would be very interested in making this process work, so if any viewers have ideas on how to improve upon this, please leave a comment. Also check out the great videos of 'Project...
30 Nanoseconds after you switch on the Light [4K]
มุมมอง 156Kปีที่แล้ว
Having a little fun with the wave simulation, recreating incoherent light with a wide frequency spectrum. In contrast to the ordered oscillations of laser light, I always found it hard to imagine how 'normal' everyday light would look like on the wave level. The video was made to answer this question. The video was inspired by the 'Light & Coherence' series on the Huygens Optics channel: th-cam...
Fiber Optics - Simulating Light in Optical Fibers
มุมมอง 7Kปีที่แล้ว
This video shows 2D wave simulations of optical fibers and presents differences between single-mode and multi-mode light propagation. The simulation code is available on Github: github.com/0x23/WaveSimulator2D 0:00 Simulation Program 1:37 Fiber Simulation 1 - Varying Diameter 3:04 Fiber Simulation 2 - Varying Wavelength 4:08 Fiber Simulation 3 - Moving Source 4:31 Endscreen
Fiber Optics - Multimode vs Singlemode Fiber
มุมมอง 1.4Kปีที่แล้ว
Light is coupled into different optical fibers and the difference between multimode and singlemode fibers is demonstrated. The focus of the video lies on practical demonstrations and not on theory, as there are already many good resources on the subject. 0:00 Introduction 0:15 Fiber modes 0:48 Setup 1:24 Singlemode vs Multimode 3:15 Swapping fiber 4:00 Fiber alignment 5:04 9µm Fiber 5:40 Endscreen
Fiber Optics - Extracting Ceramic Ferrules from Optical Network Cables
มุมมอง 729ปีที่แล้ว
This video show how ceramic ferrules can be extracted from fiber optic cables. Ceramic ferrules are made of a hard ceramic material and have a very small precision bore of 125 microns in the center.
Free Optics Simulation in Blender - Tutorial
มุมมอง 6Kปีที่แล้ว
This video shows how to setup Blender and the LuxCore renderer to perform 3D optical simulations (ray optics). Both programs are free and open source ! With these tools you can simulate any combination of: * Lenses * Mirrors * Prisms * Laser beams * Freeform optics * Screens The physically based LuxCore renderer supports efficient pathtracing (Bidirection Metropolis Light Transport) to handle i...
Ruling Machine Part 3 - Air Bearing Simulation
มุมมอง 1.2Kปีที่แล้ว
Ruling Machine Part 3 - Air Bearing Simulation
Ruling Machine Part 2 - Base and X-Axis (DIY Air Bearings)
มุมมอง 1.2Kปีที่แล้ว
Ruling Machine Part 2 - Base and X-Axis (DIY Air Bearings)
Ruling Machine Part 1 - Testing the air bearing stage
มุมมอง 1.8Kปีที่แล้ว
Ruling Machine Part 1 - Testing the air bearing stage
Проблема только в том, чтобы сделать фазовращатели, которые можно программировать на смещение фазы на заданную произвольную величину.. Я Мечтаю о таких чипах уже более 10 лет. Но я не инженер и не физик, я не знаю как они должны быть устроены, но точно знаю что они будут в сотни и тысячи раз быстрее кремниевых логических схем.
Thanks for this cool video and simulation program. Have you benchmarked the WaveSimulator2D against any other physical simulator? Can it be used for scientific (physically accurate) simulations with any degree of confidence? Many thanks.
Very cool - so simple - what would you say is the best large, macro effect quantum experiments that can be done? like mirror-like fingerprints on the inside of a full glass of water, or the best split beam experiment that delivers large, easy to see and understand results, things like detectors as well - the BS "quantum eraser" would be good to demystify this for at least 1 generation
How did you make sure you were always applying the correct pressure with the ruby on the material you were grooving? Did you aim for a specific depth for the grooves?
The force can be adjusted using the spring steel wire and it is quite repeatable. The groove depth should then be chosen to have no gaps between adjacent grooves.
Impressive work! Appart from cost/manufacturability, is there an advantage of using an air bearings stage instead of a magnetic levitation stage?
To my knowledge maglev stages require fast electronic Control loops and a very good position feedback mechanism. In an air bearing this is all 'done by fluid dynamics'.
Had so much success with this and am currently a 10th grade high school student!!! Thank you so much for tutorial - it's doing so much for building my portfolio and skills!
I am glad it helped you with what you are doing :)
@10:33 I think you've got CCR2 and CCR3 switched in the diagram. Either that or I'm confused.
Great project for research and education, but I am very sceptical on the real practical use. Linear scale encoders are cheap nowadays. 3um/m accuracy and 100nm resolition incremental scales with quadrature output are less than 100USD. We have tested them at work and @0.2m lengh accuracy is <1.5um, some leas than 1um. 10nm resulution absolute scales with serial output 200-300USD. They are basically stick and forget, immune to dust, change of atmosferic condition, e.t.c. Single frequency interferometers with retroreflectors are very sensitive to lateral shifts and light intensity changes. To get the same micron level accuracy you have to calibrate and check it against atleast 1e-6 reference length standart under the same conditions. And that is only valid if your cheap LD is truly stablized, no mode jumps, single longitudinal mode, no contamination on the optics, e.t.c.
Thank you for the advice, can you give me names/brands for the products you mentioned? Especially those with the 10nm resolution? I have looked around and could find any within this price range.
@DiffractionLimited From top of my head 100nm are made by Ditron. 10nm has the same 3um/m 20um pitch scale, but the interpolator is different with Biss-C serial output. 1nm resolution Mitutoyo is around 1000USD in China.
Great video! I'm delighted you used my image from wikipedia which is licensed for free use but if you had clicked on the image you would have gotten a much higher resolution image to use in your video. I love the combination of diagrams (and in 3D!), video of actual parts, and easy to understand narration.
thats some good quality content. thanks!
Awesome work, this has given me some ideas. Could you tell me specifics on the pump you are using (air consumption). The OAV ones are seriously costly, any need for inline filtering?
Thanks, I use two daypower airpumps in series giving me approx 1.5-2bar of pressure - they are very inexpensive. Also they are oilfree but adding a small dustfilter probably is a good idea. Air volume consumption is really low so almost anything works from this point of view.
@DiffractionLimited thanks for the detail. Nice to hear low air consumption, I think the graphite ones are quite hungry in that department.
I'm working on a variation for cylindrical shafts based on your design and process, have the aluminium blanks machined but, can you share the release agent name please?
Edit sorry I see you mention the name missed it at first
@@johnharding2912 @johnharding2912 Nice, please let me know how it went and also drop me an email if you like to share details. I am interested :)
Impressive
Fantastic looking project thankyou for sharing!, if this project hits the design goals it might make an excellent option for homemade spindle error analysis for air/hydrostatic spindles/linear stages etc. Apologies is i.messed it but whats the expected cost roughly ?
I found a company selling a interferometer with a claimed accuracy of 5 PICOMETERS. That is about a tenth of the diameter of the smallest atom.
this is amazing. Tuning wire length sounds troublesome but feels like more robust
Thanks, in the plattform there are screws and a 'lift mechanism' to precisely adjust the length of each wire. So its actually not that hard
@DiffractionLimited you thought about everything! if one could refine this further this could be the cheapest printer mechanism option out there, and I'm totally in
marvelous! I was about to do the exact same thing and then I find your video. I have experience in manufacturing temperature controllers with sub mK stability and heterodyne Mach-Zehnder interferometers. My original plan was to use one interferometer to stabilize the laser frequency, and then use and second heterodyne interferometry to measure the distance, so lambda /100 accuracy can be easily achieved. I considered helium-neon laser and diode laser, and I found that stabilizing the diode laser in a certain mode was quite A challenge, but if you pull it off, it could be as good as A stablized helium-neon laser
In my original design,I need a cheap acousto-optical crystal to create a 80MHz modulated laser beam.if I cant do that,then this design will failed.
I was going to try this until I saw that it’s necessary to get hands up to 5x normal speed. I don’t think I can work that quickly :(
They rings seen when illuminating the glas sheet with a divergent source are not diffraction rings, but fringes of equal inclination otherwise known as Haidinger fringes.
Yes its a mistake, I should have said Interference rings. Thank you for the correction.
Great idea with the plaster! I have tried pouring entire pads (like the ones usually made from graphite) and plaster also works there. This makes it very it easy to mold custom shapes!
🌊🌊🌊🌊🌊
Very well, now rotate that vertically and prove Einstein is wrong, please.
Would be curious to know the actual tuning range of current which you are using in this particular video. With my Osram 520nm device, I get good fringe contrast over a very limited range, maybe 36 mA +/- less than 1 mA but I think it is somewhat temperature-dependent. Have not yet tried the built-in monitor photodiode to stabilize optical output, which might be more reliable than simply stabilizing drive current.
A photodiode would be a closed control loop and they are almost always more accurate.
I got an interference pattern similar to the one you called "good" using a 2x2x 1/4 inch piece of glass I got, sold as "GLP2X2-S Glass Streak Plate" from United Scientific. It was readily available. Maybe I just got lucky, I think this product does not guarantee precisely parallel surfaces.
Very good Info, Thank you.
Maybe because I mentioned where I got it, some YT algorithm decided it was commercial spam. I used the green 520nm device you recommended, but I bought from the place that starts with ali and ends with express instead of a standard component vendor, for the obvious frugal reason. Seems to work ok. I got clear stable fringes at 36 mA, but it went multimode around 37 mA. Measured optical output was 3.2 mW at 36 mA, which is 3% of the 110 mW output power the site claimed but I have seen different variants of the same part with different power ratings. This was device #2. The first part also worked for a while, but then I managed to convert it into an incoherent LED I think by excessive mechanical force on the leads. So: be careful with these parts. If I move the glass several meters away, then I see irregularities in the fringes more clearly, but hopefully that is not an obstacle.
@@dancevideo2 Did you buy the PLT5 516 FA as recommended on the Github page? Anyway thank you for sharing your experience wioth the device ! Also I have no power meter so its great that you can provide the optical output power at these low currents. Its always hard to jugde by eye. Green LDs always seem so bright. And jes the furhter you move the glass plate away the more sensitive the setup becomes, so if it looks good at around 400mm you are good to go.
@@DiffractionLimited Oops, I missed that there was a github page! I am using the "Osram PLT5 520B" mentioned at 04:56 in the Interferometer video Part 1. Looking at github, I see you have tested quite a few. I just ordered some of the PLT5 516 FA so I can compare when those come in. I have a basic power meter, UNI-T UT385 which is just a calibrated photodiode so you have to enter the wavelength. Not sure of its true accuracy. I also have some bolometric-type meters, but they are likely even less well-calibrated.
@@DiffractionLimited My longer reply to this just got deleted, I wish I knew why. I was using the earlier-mentioned 520 not the 516, but eventually I will try that one too.
Twice now, what I thought were useful comments went away. Are technical details not allowed?
Strange, filtering options are set to default.
You might consider to start with a higher grit (about 200 should be good) and then work your way down over 400, 600, 1200 to 2000 grit. That way, you will have no breakouts anymore at the edges of the grind.
Also, a rotary grinding machine (whis is easily built) will much improve grinding exact 90deg angles.
Ah this is such a fabulous real-life demonstration of laser diode polarization. Great video, thank you for diving into the interesting fabrication details!!
classy
Have you thought about using a syringe to inject the plaster into the hole from the bottom up? That might reduce the chance of forming air bubbles.
I work in glass manufacturing and in quality department of the car windows so will be cool to show the quality of our imported glass. It is float glass, sometimes it feels really smooth and razor blade will glide on it sometimes really rough.
I do optics in my lab but I have no idea of what I'm looking at 😆
interference pattern on a piece of paper as wavelength changes i guess
What grit of diamond whetstone do you recommend?
I think roughly between 300-800 grit is fine. Unfortunately mine was not labeled.
These things are nice, using an LED conversion matrix to convert different programs, into beams of color-coordinated light. These beams, can be refracted, using a secondary array, again translating various programs into angles of lenses. Which project into a globe, filled with nebulized liquids, or gasses, etc... To be used to display a 3D hologram, within a globe. This globe, could have a touch screen applied to the outer layer. This globe could contain light, refracted through water droplets, and mirrors, and lenses, Or ionized gasses Based on data conversion through a GPU....
I'm exited for this project! Great job so far!
I'm loving where this is going. Was that 800 grit whetstone by chance? I have a 2000 diamond lap but think that'll be a bit of a grind to get to dimension... I'll get me coat
It wasn't labeled but I think 300-800 grit will work.
That Fizeau interferometer idea is just genius!
i have been trying soldermask as a resist, it has very high viscosity but it works. I manage to get 25um resolution
you know this guy is legit because his glass didn't explode and fill his hand with glass fragments when he used the glass cutter
This is so cool device! I would never do something like this, but that is such satisfaction to just watch somebody did
Awesome so far, i have recently been getting interested in starting my own optics project, nothing nearly as involved as this, but just have no clue on where to source some of the parts...
Really loving this series. Thanks for sharing.
Thanx for sharing, I really like this video series!
This is a cool series. Can't wait for the rest. You might be interested in how easy it is to make an intentionally polarizing beamsplitter by coupling two glass prisms with a capiliary layer of melted sodium nitrate between them all sitting on a cleaved mica sheet to orient the crystal growth direction.
That sounds very interesting, do you have any resources, where I can read more about this?
I Love this Project, can't wait to see more ❤ Greate job mate 👍
Sick! Would it b possible to extend this to 2D? So you can a surface and get a heightmap of sorts?
I think that 2D interference patterns essentially create a topographic map, that can be used to reconstruct the 2D surface deviations of optical components (both flats and lenses).
Great stuff! Can't wait for more. For me, information density is just spot on
INCREDIBLE
Why is something like this not widely found. Drives me crazy that compressor are either OFF or run at 100%. Impressive!
really looking forward to this. I'd like to build a device like this for machine building purposes.
Haven't been this excited about a DIY photonics project in a long time.
Insane! I love your attention to Details, very impressive work 😊