- 13
- 32 614
Will Daniels
United States
เข้าร่วมเมื่อ 19 มิ.ย. 2019
How Kapustin Maximizes Harmonic Contrast: Brightness, Darkness, and Modal Interchange
Interested in piano lessons online or in person? Visit www.willdanielsmusic.com/
Here I explain a harmonic space of so called "brightness" and "darkness", which corresponds intuitively to the circle of fifths. The examples in this video are from Nikolai Kapustin's Piano Sonata No. 2. Kapustin's compositions display virtuosic jazz language and harmony within classical forms. In the space of "harmonic luminosity" as shown on the Tonnetz, we can explore Kapustin's harmonic choices that create captivating contrasts in perceived color, tonality, and "brightness/darkness".
00:00 Intro
03:00 Circle of Fifths = Brightness/Darkness
03:42 Scales
05:00 Chords
06:09 The Tonnetz
09:42 Harmonic Continuum
11:39 Lum Transformation
13:52 Lum7 = Flip = Modal Interchange
18:24 Example 1
21:17 Example 2: Maximal Harmonic Contrast - Lum13
23:43 Lum Space
26:16 Conclusion
Tonnetz visualizer - Hexachord: louisbigo.com/hexachord
Here I explain a harmonic space of so called "brightness" and "darkness", which corresponds intuitively to the circle of fifths. The examples in this video are from Nikolai Kapustin's Piano Sonata No. 2. Kapustin's compositions display virtuosic jazz language and harmony within classical forms. In the space of "harmonic luminosity" as shown on the Tonnetz, we can explore Kapustin's harmonic choices that create captivating contrasts in perceived color, tonality, and "brightness/darkness".
00:00 Intro
03:00 Circle of Fifths = Brightness/Darkness
03:42 Scales
05:00 Chords
06:09 The Tonnetz
09:42 Harmonic Continuum
11:39 Lum Transformation
13:52 Lum7 = Flip = Modal Interchange
18:24 Example 1
21:17 Example 2: Maximal Harmonic Contrast - Lum13
23:43 Lum Space
26:16 Conclusion
Tonnetz visualizer - Hexachord: louisbigo.com/hexachord
มุมมอง: 7 344
วีดีโอ
Jazz Piano Basics | Alterations b9, #9, b13, #5 from the Minor Key
มุมมอง 9373 ปีที่แล้ว
Contact me for private lessons in person and online: www.willdanielsmusic.com/ Where do we get the alterations b9, #9, and b13 from? Answer: The minor key.
Intermediate Piano: Full Octave Chord Exercise | Will Daniels Piano Studio
มุมมอง 3243 ปีที่แล้ว
Contact me for private lessons in person and online: www.willdanielsmusic.com/ Here's an exercise I like to warm-up with. It goes through every major and minor chord with inversions.
Advanced Harmony: Harmonic Shift in the Perfect 5th Spectrum | Ravel's Le Tombeau De Couperin
มุมมอง 12K3 ปีที่แล้ว
Will Daniels Piano Studio | Contact me for private lessons in person and online: www.willdanielsmusic.com/ This lesson explores a unique perspective on harmony as shifting along a continuum of perfect 5ths in Ravel's Prelude from Le Tombeau De Couperin.
Jazz Piano Basics: The "2-5-1" | Will Daniels Piano Studio
มุมมอง 4373 ปีที่แล้ว
Join my piano studio for lessons in person and online: www.willdanielsmusic.com/ This lesson covers the basic theory of the so-called "2-5-1" in jazz harmony and how to play this chord progression with good voicings and voice-leading.
How to Play in Hypermeter | Chopin Scherzo No. 1 | Will Daniels Piano Studio
มุมมอง 10K4 ปีที่แล้ว
Interested in joining my piano studio online or in person? www.willdanielsmusic.com/ A walkthrough of the metrical and rhythmic terrain of the first section of Chopin's Scherzo No. 1. I discuss how to accentuate the hypermetrical structure, the hemiola, and syncopation.
Welcome | Will Daniels Piano Studio
มุมมอง 4364 ปีที่แล้ว
Contact me for piano lessons at www.willdanielsmusic.com, or message me on Facebook: willdanielspianostudio.
Performance of Promo Video Music
มุมมอง 2394 ปีที่แล้ว
www.willdanielsmusic.com/ Copyright 2020 Will Daniels I enjoyed composing this background music for my promotional video for piano lessons. Just thought I'd share the video and music separately!
Will Daniels | Scriabin: Sonata No. 5, Op. 53
มุมมอง 2105 ปีที่แล้ว
Performed at University of Central Florida Masters Recital, 2018.
Will Daniels | Kapustin: Concert Etude, Op. 40, No. 1 “Prelude”
มุมมอง 2835 ปีที่แล้ว
Performed at University of Central Florida Masters Recital, 2018.
Will Daniels | Chopin: Scherzo No. 2 in B-flat minor, Op. 31
มุมมอง 5205 ปีที่แล้ว
Performed at University of Central Florida Masters Recital, 2018.
Will Daniels | Bach: The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book II, Fugue No. 16 in G minor, BWV 885
มุมมอง 1905 ปีที่แล้ว
Performed at University of Central Florida Masters Recital, 2018.
Charles Griffin | Will Daniels | Vernacular Dances, III.
มุมมอง 1165 ปีที่แล้ว
Composer: Charles Griffin Performed by Will Daniels at the Timucua White House, October 21, 2018, for the Central Florida Composers Forum Piano Concert. Orlando, FL willdanielsmusic.com
Very informative video! This has expanded my uses for the circle of fifths and that it is just a bit more than just a device to find sharps and flats. Thanks for sharing!
12 of NOVEMBER TODAY, 2024 ! ...
Please, don't show this to AI, please, don't show this to AI!
Thank you so much for making this video!
Wohw🫡 Thank you
Great concept, it's really handy to perceive more abstract chord changes with more accuracy, you should check out this band named Moonchild, they write such colorful and smooth sounding chord progressions that jump all over the place
Thanks for posting this. I appreciate it.
Really interesting. So well explained. Thanks very much!
This was great! Such an underrated channel!
Hi, I watched your video, is the "harmonic luminosity" your original idea? What do you think of the F#? It could be seen either 6 steps clockwise from C or counterclockwise. And what about the difference between F# and Gb, etc.?
@yikunqi9353 Yes I coined the term "harmonic luminosity" and the definition laid out in the video. But its based on what I believe to be a common way of describing harmony, in terms of brightness and darkness. I set out to offer a technical way to describe that common experience. The relationship of C to F# is certainly a pole that is maximally distant and therefore difficult to discern, without further context, whether one hears it as brighter or darker. But that's just an individual note. Usually we hear these tones in a larger context of a key, or a collection of pitches, and then it may be more clear which side of that collection F# is closer to.
The part A#m7 D#7/A G#, if you consider the top melody, it sounds like implying vim7 II7 V(7) in C# melodic minor, the vim7 was somehow borrowed from C#major which has a major third, but the top melody has minor third. I think this is a technique which appears a lot in romantic classical/latin Jazz. So the tonality of this section was not in G# major but C# minor for me, it interrupted the major II V cadence by temporarily setting a half cadence to its relative minor. So it is originally like vi II7 ii V7 in E, now it is something like: vi (vi/vi II7/vi V/vi) ii V7 The most important thing I heard from Kapustin was that he could make all other “keys” sound like spinning around the center one.
mindblowing! Every single music theory lesson now makes sense!
Absolutely fantastic, thanks a lot!!
Thanks a lot, will help me to work with my studends, warming up exercises
is harmonic "luminosity" as described here another word for pitch? seems in the examples you give a brighter sound is always higher, a darker sound is always lower
@liamp.9201 not quite, it's the relative quality of pitches, though it often corresponds with higher and lower pitches
@@willdaniels1608 I don't really follow, can you provide an example where luminosity and pitch move in different directions?
@liamp.9201 one example is a C major chord moving down to an A major chord. While the pitches move down, it is a Lum6 and sounds brighter because of the C#
This was amazingly helpful. I've been working on some of Kapustin's Op.59 Ten Bagatelles and found them really hard to commit to memory because of all the crazy harmony and ambiguous cadences. I have some pretty crazy looking pencil scrawl trying to notate the chords. A harmonic language which actually makes sense for his music will be so so useful. Thank you!
Never heard of tonnetz before, I really appreciate your effort to explain rare music theory concepts for us
Но, все это можно проще, логичнее и математически более обоснованно, представить в пространстве кратностей, где по одной оси отложениы терции, а по другой квинты. Реально не существует малой терции, минорный аккорд это трезвучие, в котором тональной нотой является последняя - наиболее высокая, и внет точно так же отложен интервал терции (большой терции) от последней ноты, именно этот интервал соответсует резонансу по 5-й гармонике, что и составляет звучание аккорда. Малые терции не являются онтервалом образующим аккорды, ито всего лишь эмпирическое правило игры, предполагающее что следующим интервалом будет квинта, и терцию мы получим автоматически
There is a video with a live Nikolai Kapustin, in which he talks about his concept of tonal arrangement in his cycle ‘24 Preludes and Fugues’ << The native minor of each major is set off from it by a major third downwards. The distance between these twos is a minor third. >> For example, C major and A-flat minor, then F major and C-sharp minor, then B-flat major and G minor, and so on.... Notice that the major tonalities are exactly a fourth apart. So it is also a circle of fifths, in essence! I understand that Nikolai Kapustin is NOT talking about relative tonalities here, but about something else. About some ‘native’ tonalities. But, it has to be said, it sounds very beautiful! ----------------------------------------------- And one more interesting observation. Here is how the principle of tonalities arrangement looks like in the cycle ‘24 Preludes and Fugues’ by N. G. Kapustin maj | min 0# | | 5# 1b | | 4# 2b | | 3# 3b | | 2# 4b | | 1# 5b | | 0# 6b = 6# | 1b 5# | | 2b 4# | | 3b 3# | | 4b 2# | | 5b 1# | | 6b I found this in the comments under the video ‘Nikolai Kapustin - 24 Preludes and Fugues, Op 82’. ----------------------------------------------- And to summarise what you said in your video. There is another principle of arranging tonalities in twos, but the distance between these twos will not be a minor third, but a major third. That is, it's the other way round. Here's an example: 1) Let's just take a pair of relative tonalities - E major and C-sharp minor. The distance between them = minor third, since they are relative tonalities. 2) Then we step the major third down - we get A major and F-sharp minor relative to it. And then by analogy - D major and B minor, G major and E minor, and so on.... And you know what the 2 main features of this arrangement are? 1) Major tonalities are a circle of fifths. E, A, D, G, C, F.... 2) The lower/left (depending on how one represents the circle) one moves, the darker the tonality becomes. Correspondingly, the higher/right you move, the lighter it becomes. The brightest tonalities are B major, E major, A major. The darkest tonalities are B-flat minor, E-flat minor, A-flat minor.
I still don't know why Kapustin used that order. Actually we can also let some other intervals downwards, for example, C Major - B Minor, F Major - E Minor, Bb Major - A Minor, then the left remains but the right becomes 2#, 1#, 0#......
@@yikunqi9353 beautiful sequence
Everything you told is very similar to matrices and their linear transformations (hi, 1blue3brown), especially when it came to ‘Lum7’. It turns out that Lum1 and Lum7 are nothing but basis vectors in 2D space.
*3blue1brown
❤❤❤ For You Here, Dear Pianist ! 18 of GREAT JuLy TODAY, of 2024 Year ❤️❤️❤️ ! ___ Teacher SvetLana Here and Now ', ___ Russia, Far East of Russia '. / ... ... ...
Mother Russia ? Hi there from Moscow
О мой Бог! Музыкальный анализ Капустина 🤩🥺😍
It seems to me that the Tonnetz should be front and center in teaching music, and introduced early. Many of the concepts you present are beyond my theory but become immediately intuitive when cast on the net visually. What seems arbitrary on the page becomes obvious on the lattice. Thank you.
@@intevolver 100%!
It’s weird as an engineer to see someone brilliant approach music with an engineer-like imagination.
What an thoroughly amazing ass explanation
This was an interesting take! Thanks for putting it together. I think even when speaking English it would make sense to pronounce the "Ton-" in Tonnetz as "Tone."
This is so helpful thank you so much!!!
Excellent video, it would be easier if you inserted chords and modulations,thank you.
Thanks for the suggestion
awesome video!!!
Bravo 👏👏
This is cool! I've never heard of the Tonnetz before
thanks
You are awesome
What software do you use for the Circle of Fifths?
louisbigo.com/hexachord
I already have DL Hexachord, I didn't know there was an interactive Circle of 5ths too lol
Yup !
Great tutorial, thanks man!
incredible video
I'm sorry to say this, but it's entirely unfounded. While your experimental spirit is commendable, this content is quite erroneous and misleading. Firstly, it's fundamentally wrong from the beginning. Discussing the brightness and darkness, the essence of chords is not something that can be oversimplified. The connotation of chords is related to the context of the musical progression, and auditory contrast is relative. Your method can be considered an overinterpretation of the circle of fifths. For instance, when you claim that moving from C major to F major darkens the mood, it's merely because the F major you played is in a lower octave than C. If you were to play an F major in a higher register (fourth up), it would sound significantly brighter. The fact is, F major isn't inherently darker compare to C major; anyone can verify this. Therefore, from the outset, this is somewhat of an exaggerated interpretation. Please stop propagating these misconceptions.
I actually agree with you. This is generally how music theory works, that depending on how you look at it, we can draw out different associations. Defining a system within which to understand these associations, like brightness and darkness, is not an attempt to say this is the absolute essence of the chords, but an attempt to reflect a common experience, but yes it's purely relative, just measured relativity.
I've always felt this way too about the terms "brightness" and "darkness". I'm only starting to get it now after watching this video and arguing with myself about it (lol) - why would someone (whoever chose to use these terms originally) pick words that are sight-oriented to describe the way a harmonic shift sounds? It's never made sense to me until I realized they're just words we use to describe the direction, clockwise or counterclockwise, the shift is going on the circle of fifths. Obviously, from C major, both F major and G major are the same harmonic distance. To me, they sound the same distance but one doesn't sound "brighter" or "darker" than the other. As you said, the effect of shifting to one of those keys on the mood of a piece can be brighter or darker depending on the register. So it's really just a way to say "we're moving down/up in the circle of fifths", which, I guess if your ear is good enough (mine isn't yet lol) you should be able to discern the direction just from hearing the harmonic shift. So I agree that it's important to have words to describe the direction of motion but I will never agree that "bright' and "dark" are reasonable words to use lol. But that's not on Will, he didn't come up with those terms
I think there’s some interesting stuff to be said about how chord changes can subvert this idea you present about lum7, specifically in the case you bring up around 19:40 where that flip happens on some, but it kind of leaves a “ghost note” resolution to the other notes. That assumes of course that subconsciously you expect all the notes to follow the same flip, but they don’t. In this case, they are just left out.
Good observation. This would be akin to what some theorists call "fuzzy" transformations, which are very close to a full transformation but missing some notes, or some notes don't go where they ought.
Great video, thanks!!!
The sonata seems to have glimpses of chopins Polonaise in A
Holy heck this is fantastic. I was a little disoriented since this is the first time I've seen the tonnetz with the fifths axis in a vertical direction, but my brain was able to adjust pretty quick. Anyway, this is a great framework for comparing brightness. I'll be re-watching this several times for sure. Did you write your own Tonnetz program to respond to MIDI input?
I was disoriented too!! It's a program I found online called hexachord (I think, going off memory right now). I couldn't orient it any other way, and it was the best tool I could find.
@@willdaniels1608 Thank you. I'm curious: if you became emperor and could choose a standard way of drawing the Tonnetz that everyone would adhere to, what would you choose? My default has been to draw upward 5ths to the east, up minor 3rds to the northeast, and up major 3rds to the northwest, but now I'm wondering if that's optimal if one wants directions of increasing brightness to to be intuitive.
@@PohlLongsine If I were emperor I think I would agree with that. I would prefer what I think is pretty standard, exactly what you described. Then bright-shifting modulations would take you upwards, and dark would be downwards, while small diatonic changes would be sideways. Bright would be that vertical association with the heavens.
I really loved this. That software is genius. I'm a visual learner and this was amazing!
This is one of the best videos on music theory I've ever watched - I want to thank you for how articulately you've managed to make this concept 'click' for me after I've been confounded by a lot of other explanations!
Glad to hear it was helpful!
It looks a lot like the DNA of music, the fundamental blueprint of music, the sefirot tree of life applied to music… it should be 3-dimensional
The Tonnetz is actually 3d as a torus (donut) shape. Apparently, they've done brain scans that show this same shape as people listen to music modulating through all the keys.
This video is a revelation. I’ve always loved Kapustin! 🥰
Really interesting and very easy to understand! Thanks for this video!
1:40 Sounds like a little bit of an "Iron Man" motif in there in a few spots, at least to my uncultured ears lol
I want to let you know that you have a rare gift - forensic mind and a wonderfully engaging way of sharing what your forensic explorations have discovered, arranged - in order to illuminate some of the underlying patterns embedded within western tonal music. As a professional composer and performing musician - I salute you and thank you for this excellent illustration of our art.
Wow thank you so much
@@willdaniels1608 Kapustin is russian! Proud of our homelander
Bravo