Aircraft Air Conditioning and Pressurization System (ATA 21)
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 พ.ย. 2023
- Aircraft Air Conditioning and Pressurization.
Welcome everyone to ATA 21. This is a very “PACKED” 😅 system (pun intended) and very difficult to simplify it, but bear with me while we go through this. What you hear in this video is a very over simplistic version of how this all works. It’s to give an idea what it’s for and how it works.
To explain further on the ACM (air cycle machine) Basic Operation : Pressurized and hot air coming from the airplane Bleed System enters the Primary Heat Exchanger where it's temperature is reduced, then enters the compressor section of the Air Cycle Machine where it's temperature and pressure is raised again, then the air enters the Secondary Heat Exchanger reducing again it's temperature, and finally it enters the Turbine section of the Air Cycle Machine expanding and releasing it's energy to rotate the Turbine and the Compressor wheels being on the same shaft, with the temperature dropping down to O degree Celsius or below. At this temperature the moisture is condensed and is removed by a Water Separator.
Another important component I didn’t mention is the Ozone converter. The bleed air enters the Cooling Pack through an Ozone Converter which transforms ozone contained in bleed air into Oxygen by Catalytic Effect, then passes through Flow Control Valve which regulates the flow according to the Air Condition System and Cabin Pressurization System demands.
And a final note, all these aircraft also have HEPA filters that clean the air thoroughly before it even before it reaches into the cabin. We as maintenance are responsible for changing these filters out at periodic stages of the aircraft service life. 
Once a again there’s a lot more to this than what I showed. Please feel free to ask questions. Thank you as always for watching and hope you have a fantastic day 🤙
#stigaviation #themoreyouknow #aviation #aircraftmaintenance #wefixyoufly #aircraftmechanic #airconditioning #pressurization #youtubetaughtme #learnonyoutube #learningeveryday 
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So much plumbing, kit and cabling invisible to passengers! Thanks Stig for revealing it and explaining how it all works.
Glad it was helpful!
Your channel is the only one that I do not watch videos at two times speed 🙂
Yash … that warms my heart to hear that. Now if you ask me… I can’t stand to watch my own videos 😂. I end up saying to myself “omg is this what I sound like… who in their right mind wants to hear this “ 🤣🤣🤣🤣
Thanks so much. I'd requested this information on one of your recent videos. I'm very grateful for you coming through! I love the way you explain things and include the diagrams. Keep it up mate, your content is superb!
You are so welcome! And I’m a man of my word. Glad you enjoyed it.
Learning alot from your videos working at AA here in Charlotte,NC and in school to get my A&P Thanks for the videos
Keep up the good work and studies William You’ll be doing this soon.
O yes definitely I'm ready
@@williamcook4315 I’m here anytime you need brother. Ask questions… my knowledge is your knowledge. That’s how we learn.
Thanks I definitely will reach appreciate
Your videos are really excellent. As someone who has always liked to find out how things work I find them fascinating.
Thank you very much! I’m very happy you enjoy them
Nice quick explanation on the overall system. And those compressors on the 787 are behemoths. Those CACTCS' are crazy. 🌵
Indeed! Even more crazy to change.
Awesome video!!! Beautiful opening shot of that A321 neo
I’m very happy you enjoyed it.
Thank you very much. Your videos are really good at showing how things look and work in reality, and it really gives you deeper understanding of these things.
Sometimes books and pictures don’t give it justice. I like this style of teaching… most people are visual learners
@@StigAviation You are damn right, keep pumping videos man!💪
Thanks for sharing love your shows 👍
Thank you so much Malcolm I appreciate you being here and enjoying.
Thanks Stig, very informative and, dare I say it, cool.😎
My pleasure!
So grateful for all this knowledge you're giving us, stig!!
It’s my pleasure. Thank you for being here
You also need conditioned air to cool the avionics equipment even when the engines are not running and the APU is not on if you have power on the aircraft on the tarmac those black boxes are very expensive and they need to be kept cool enjoy your videos man. I’m gonna have to ask one of my buddies that I used to work with if he knows you, I think he works at LAX. He used to work at Mcdonnell Douglas with me.
On the A320 avionic eqpmt vent is normally isolated from air cond.sys, cooled air is added in abnormal config
Yup. Definitely the avionics need cooling. Various aircraft have different designs of that but most take air from outside and vent the systems. 787 tho… well that’s a different animal. Liquid cooling 😉
Correct 👍
Wonderful video, sorry I was late to this one! Very informative, keep up the great work!
Glad you enjoyed it! Thank you Dean 👍
Awesome man, thanks. We learn something new with every video. As someone with a PPL those cockpits look intimidating but with your videos breaking down certain sections it doesn’t look that bad.
I see in the comments people working towards their A&P so just a video idea would be what were some of the biggest challenges you faced while actually being an A&P and go thru useful tools that you constantly use. I’m sure there’s a lot of specialized ones for what you’re working on but a generalized one would be good IMO.
Thank you so much and yes at first the flight deck might seem a bit intimidating but in reality it’s very simple. Everything is labeled and well organized for maintenance and pilots. And that’s a great idea for a video. I’ll try to implement that into my next video. As for tools , I have a tool video already that shows what I like to use.
Totally enjoy your videos. Just found you on TH-cam. Thank you for sharing.
Thanks for watching! And it’s my pleasure Gary. Don’t hesitate to ask questions. I’m here to help
Amazing stuff
Thank you 😊
Why do your videos always align with my aircraft classes…so weird! 😂
😅 coincidence… but I’m glad it’s helping. 👍
Great videos
Thank you Tommy 👍
👌Gracias My compa
thanks my friend
My pleasure Ruiz 👍
i always was under the expectation they used freon for the HVAC had no idea it was just squeezing and expanding the air in the engine heat exchanger
Yep, just a simple bootstrap system, and it works like a charm.
All that technology to remove farts from 200 people. 😝🤪
🤣🤣🤣 and pressurization helps too
The bleed air temp has got to be really high and then it is compressed creating more heat, but at 35,000 cold air to mix is easy to find.
Very high. Even though it’s tapping from the cold section compressor of the engine, the compressed air comes out and extreme high temperatures. You have to remember when we’re talking about temperatures in the systems it’s very relative temperature to the system itself.
Awesome explaination. Only left out the air mix valves. Trim air Valves? Can you change the automatic pressure controller descent rate usually set at 350fmp./550 from boeing. Wondering if some airlines use 550/750.? Also during covid,,the airlines boasted you were protected by hypa filters. My personal opinion is that a virus 🦠 is super small. If there was a hypa filter .very little air would pass, certainly not enough to change entire cabin air every 3 to 5 minutes..also,,no more pack fans..how nice
I was trying to condense a lot of information in this one. Yes I overlooked the trim air valves. As for the HEPA Filter, well aircraft had been using them way before Covid. The airlines boasted about them during Covid to make people feel safer when they fly, but they have always been there.
Thx for the answer
Nice video again 👍🏻
The exhaust that is close to the refuelpanel is that from rhe air-condition? As a refueler we don't like when it's running. 😊
Talk about fueling, show how you refuel if you can, well I know how 👍🏻
Yup that’s the pack exhaust. And yes very loud when running and hot in a summer day. But.. in the winter it’s a life saver. Get under that exhaust and warm up a bit.
At times you can smell the engine exhaust during startup on the ground. Is that engine exhaust going into the paks inlet? Or bleed air having some exhaust mixed in? Nice vid!!❤
Yes , sometimes the engine fumes get ingested into the pack system monetarily. That’s why you smell it for a second. But it clears out as soon as the air conditioning kicks on. At the time of engine start the packs turn off to provide maximum pressure of air to start the engine.
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I think evey car made should come with the 3 balls on the flight deck to make sure everyone can move their seat to the best location for the best position while driving. Wonder why they don't put those on other vehicles?
Interesting you mention that. Well at least cars have memory presets. But then again aircraft actually have that too but a bit more rudimentary style. I’ll show that one day
Okay Stig, time to start working some overtime.... we want more videos....
Is there certain repairs that MUST be done in the hanger vs on the line or how is that determined? Also, after you do repairs on the line, are there inspectors that check your work afterwards to ensure it was completed and done correctly or is that more for hanger maintenance?
I made a video comparing the line work vs the hangar work.. that has a lot of detail on exactly what you asked. Check it out when you have time.
How often are the air filters changed on AA aircraft? I forget what the recommended intervals are. Still nothing like the filters when people smoked on planes. I remember seeing one in AP school. One of the grossest things I’ve seen…
Usually gets done on A checks and C checks. Or if there’s a specific reason for it that’s called out by manufacturer we will do it. And yes I remember working on classic birds like 727 and L1011 … man oh man that aft smoking section was disgusting. You could see the tar build up around the aft bulkhead rivets.
Hello.
I'm having a Plan to work in Aviation. I start with studying Manual. In Main Landing Wheel Maintenance Manual/ REPAIR section, there is a phrase "smooth blending" that I don't know what it means.
Can you please explain it for me?
I’m not sure what you are referring to with smooth blending. Do you mean on a fan blade or something else?
@@StigAviation I'm learning Component Maintenance and I mean on "surface of Wheel" , but actually I've found it myself. Blending smooth = grind slightly. English is not my first language, so that phrase is confusing a bit and there is no suitable words to translate it, just try to remember related acts of that phrase.
when they wash planes why is it critical to close the outflow valve? the ducting looks lengthy, wouldn’t believe water could transit far to components or what’s the mtce reason?
There are sensitive components next to the outflow valve.. we don’t want those to get damaged so we close the outflow valve during cleaning.
A320 ACM effective but noisy, used to wear 3M peltor 3))
Definitely very noisy. Hearing protection is a must
Is the same system used for ice protection or is that a different system?
Ice protection, or anti-ice systems is a different sub category.
The bootstrap
Yes sir. That’s the classic system explanation. That’s how it was taught to me 25 years ago.
Can you offer any advice for someone about to start his amt school
Ask questions.. learn as much as you can and most importantly… learn the basics. The basics are your foundation… once you have a solid grasp on the basics fundamentals of aircraft you can apply it to the complex. And keep a positive mindset about your passion for aviation.
You ever change out 747 flow control valves # 767460-1, 2 or 3 ? I overhauled hundreds of those bad boys.
Did those on 747-400s. And heat exchangers. Actually not that bad. Just need a ladder for everything on that bird.
Do you service the toilets mate? Will all the dirty stuff
We repair the lavatories but servicing (dumping the waste) is done by ramp personnel.
Im here because of my part66 exams🤭
I hope this helps you pass. Best of luck. Don’t hesitate to ask questions.
1:06 not condenser, reheater...
Ciao ;)
I was going over too fast with the camera. But the condenser is there.
@@StigAviation just joking my friend
Ciao ;)
Why do you film in portrait mode for TH-cam. And not landscape like most people do. This is not tiktok
It’s still a good video, nothing wrong with it.
I’m working on it Matt. Be patient with me. I shoot videos on my phone and most time it’s comfortable for me to hold it straight. But I’m trying. Wait for the next video and you’ll see.
Thank you Zachary 🤙
airside i do the same, more secure grip on device with prop wash pos fr nearby gates. also like to have other hand available for handheld comms or hand signal if reqd to lead or TL.
No wonder these planes are so fast. Those are some big turbochargers in those PACKS 🫣😆 #DadJokes
😅 good one