Torrey Canyon Oil Spill Uniliver 1967
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 18 ก.ย. 2024
- Almost 20 years before the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill in Alaska, was the Torrey Canyon oil spill off the coast of England. The Torrey Canyon incident was the first oil spill to draw attention to the dangers of dispersants. Extremely large quantities of dispersants were used during the response, clearly for aesthetic and not ecological purposes. Contamination by oil without dispersants resulted in less adverse biological effect than where dispersants were used. On the morning of March 18, 1967, the Torrey Canyon, chartered by British Petroleum, ran aground on off Lands End in England. The entire cargo, approximately 860,000 barrels, was released into the sea or burned during the next twelve days. Ships of the Royal Navy carrying detergents were en route to the scene within four hours of the grounding. A detergent, primarily BP1002, made by British Petroleum, was sprayed on much of the floating oil to emulsify and disperse it. Over 10,000 tons of detergents, primarily BP1002, which contained 12 percent nonionic surfactant , 3 percent stabilizer and the remaining 60-70% aromatic solvent, such as benzene, xylene and toluene., were sprayed on the floating oil to emulsify and disperse it. Forty-two vessels were chartered for the spraying operation. Concentrations of 10 parts per million or less of these detergents were acutely toxic to many marine mammals and plants. The formation of water-in-oil emulsions, containing up to 80 percent water, greatly increased the volume of material and its resistance to dispersants. Approximately half of the cargo did not reach the shore because it weathered, evaporated, or was dispersed by natural mechanisms. For several months following the dispersant application, many shorelines were recoated with oil-dispersant mixtures. Dispersants are chemical agents that are typically mixtures of solvents, surfactants, and additives; that are likely to cause additional harm, either alone or in combination with oil, to public health or welfare or the environment; and that reduce the oil-water interfacial tension and move the oil beneath the water surface by promoting the temporary formation of small droplets of oil in the water column. Dispersants are likely to inhibit removal of oil from a contaminated environment acting to increase formation of oily plumes in the water column, and sedimentation and deposition of oil to the bottom of a water body. Dispersants are not intended to be collected and recovered from the environment. Manual removal methods, including the use of straw and gorse to soak up oil, were used on many of the sandy beaches on the north coast of Brittany. Cleanup operations included pumping and bailing of oil as well as bulldozing of oiled sand on the beaches. Over 1,400 personnel from the British armed services assisted with beach cleanup. Approximately 4,000 tons of oil and oil emulsions were removed from the foreshores of Guernsey. After considering the options of towing the vessel or attempting to pump oil off the vessel while it was still on the reef, government authorities decided to bomb the vessel to burn the remaining oil. The vessel was bombed by the Royal Navy on March 28-30 during periods of low water when the vessel was in clear view. A Navy helicopter dropped napalm, sodium chlorate, and aviation fuel to fuel the fire. The vessel lost structural integrity on March 26, releasing more oil into the water. Since towing the vessel off of the reef was deemed impossible, the government decided to bomb the vessel. This 1967 film was sponsored by the Unilever Corporation.
believe it or not i was the co pilot of this plane that took the footage
I, as a teenager, was holidaying at Porthlevon with my parents. My Dad and me spent a lot of time rescuing birds - sad to see so many dead ones :(
We was washing birds down in Rock opposite Padstow for a week straight was so bad man
Thing is, those chemicals as they were at that time, in the context of this grounding, did more damage than the oil itself....
Wikipedia:
Much damage was caused by the heavy use of so-called detergents to break up the slick
Besides the oilspill, this was a gorgeous ship, I do like these 50's built tankers !!! 👍
My great uncle flew the plane that took this footage
Okay
Awesome!
brigidooo
There's a comment about 4 above this one , dude recons he was the copilot .
I was 11 at the time and remember this clearly 🇬🇧
Thanks for sharing and the details!
I was 7 at the time and yet deeply aware that the world was starting to think this event was a sign we were destroying the planet. The fact that the TC is long forgotten makes me think the world is much stronger that we think and modern concerns that we have some bearing on the world's fate deeply flawed. The world just manages these things itself.
The tanker vzzsrt ran aground on bzzrvttrt reef. Surely you understand the need for bzvvrttime censorship.
Thanks for the detail, are the ecological effects still being monitored do you know? Or where they ever monitored? No doubt there would be plenty of anecdotal evidence with regard to shellfish stocks and bird species...
The effects are still seen today. The oil has sunk to the sea bottom and after big storms local volunteers 50 years later have to clean birds and seals as the oil is returned to the surface. It cause burns to the feet of many birds too. Horrendous.
Lessons learned from the Exxon Valdez was that the Tanker and its split cargo should have been Napalmed and set on fire as soon as possible. Any other responses such as "Detergents" or encapsulation liquids do not rid the ocean of the Crude.
Exxon tried burning early in the response but it was unsuccessful. If it had been successful, the oil companies had no stockpile available before a large storm hit after the first week and dispersed the crude oil over hundreds of miles.
@@markdcatlin you say "early response", I thought I remember when I was at my Marine training Institute (PMTI) that one of my teaches said "if the hit it with hours of the hull rupture it would have worked". Maybe I am remembering. wrong.
I do remember for sure that a Chief Scientist for DFO here in Canada I worked with said; those chemicals that encapsulate the oil and make it sink to the bottom is the worst possible thing to do for the Marine Ecology.
@@MrGotropic Might have worked but the oil industry was not prepared for a quick response - the year before in 1988 they had eliminated their highly experienced full time response teams.
What is the origin behind this film ? Have you got any information about its making ?
Was this method ever used before or after this situation?
..the very last words foretold Exxon Valdez/Amoco Cadiz.....!
Pure incompetence by master ! Wonder what happened to him ?
mv argo mechent shipwreck?
Now in 2020 near sri lankan coaster☹️ diana
Very primitive looking methods of oil treatment.No attempts at removing the oil.
0:36 sailed onto the say what reef lol?
Torrey Canyon struck Pollard's Rock on Seven Stones reef.
I think the seven stones reef
😢
😢😢😢😢
hahaha jet bombers go boom
pal loli
Sorry but it was not in 1967 it was 1969 I was 16 years old at the time and the explotion was so big it ratted ower hole building
Your memory is going ,it was in March 1967,I remember it well as Foinavon won the Grand National at 100-1 a few weeks later.
alright settle down
@@adamsrc8891 lol ! ^^ you kept them in check
@@havalinachiel7694 oooh sorry step back mate Christ you're solid aren't you, bet you wrote that one down and prepared it.
What a fucking sado