Why the Three-Body Problem is Unsolvable*
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 พ.ค. 2024
- What is the THREE-BODY PROBLEM? What does it have to do with the award-winning book of the same name? And how can it help us understand problems that are practically… unsolvable? Noted Space Zaddy Kyle Hill explains.
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“Chaos does not mean randomness.” A sentiment shared by respected scientists and exasperated dungeon masters around the world.
Sounds like chaos heresy to me
@@Chefian23 "Chaos" in 40k be like: It's so hard to not be 1 extreme human emotion, true chaos takes skill, planning, and extreme willpower.
Yeah... Chaotic Neutral characters acting in predictable ways.
is a dungeon master a kink thing?
no lol it’s the person who runs a game of dungeons and dragons and controls all the enemies lol
I just realized.. this was the whole point of Heath's Joker:
All these years I was a bit confused because the Joker describes himself as an Agent of chaos & a dog that chases a car without understanding what its doing.
But then he seems to have planned every little detail…
Thus, that's the whole joke,
the Joker is unpredictable, but not random.
🤯
You're bang on!
😮
Yeah for somebody that "doesn't look like a planner", he had that very elaborate scheme planned out pretty good huh..
Thank you. This is a very precise way of distinguishing the two terms.
Fun fact: Tolkien included elements of this theory in the Lord of the Rings. It was represented by the question: where are the Entwives? aka: the tree body problem.
Boooooo
😂 the door is over there please see yourself out
They wood if they could, but remain planted wherever they may be. 😂
Love it :)
Hehehehehe
"to recap, no cap ... fam" - Goldblum levels of cadence and delivery 👌
That shit had me rollin!
"he's a friend from work" got me lmao
golden
@@blvdes GolBLUM*
Ngl, me too
And the joke just kept going :D
Same
@7:16 "back when this virgin was creating the cover for Dark Side of the Moon" - ABSOLUTELY EPIC.
Extra dark virgin olive oil
That one really got me, had to pause the video haha
NDT says IN said God periodically fixes our solar systems 3 body problem. Didn't think Newton even believed in God.
I don’t get it though he’s trying to say he’s the person who created the art?? I don’t know I don’t get it
@@kateapple1 He's referring to Sir Isaac Newton (he was believed to had died a virgin), who in an experiment, discovers the colour spectrum using a prism. Which is depicted in the cover art for The Dark Side Of The Moon album by Pink Floyd.
The layers in that "he's a friend from work" joke. Amazing.
(There's the obvious Thor says that line and kyle is discount Thor layer. But in addition, Jeff Goldblum appears in the movie that line comes from [Thor: Ragnarok]. So during the filming, Jeff and -Kyle- Chris Hemsworth were in fact coworkers.)
Thats 2 to 3 layers max. Not very deep
@@JimmyThree-Balls Wow you have high standards for depth huh
@@johnlin5550 not really
It’s a surface level joke with two points of pre-requisite context. Given the likely audience of this video, it’s definitely not something that needed explicit explanation of.
Well, I appreciate the explanation. Thank you.
The best thing is that they got the dialogue right AND the attitude right: he's right on the line between smug and infinitely humbled.
"Goldblum!" I often yell, at the sky, while shaking my fist.
For no particular reason.
Did you think hard enough about all the initial conditions?
That's how I pray.
Dinkleberg!!! -shakes fist-
no particular reason, but not out of randomness, your mind is simply chaotic
Allow me to randomly drop in and mention that, while being very much expected , your comment was unpredictable and chaotic. 😬
Fun fact: chaotic systems with very small predictability horizons are used to generate "random" numbers in computers because digital machines are very bad at not following precise, predetermined steps. That is why pseudorandom algorithms are still repeatable and you can play on the same Minecraft world more than once if you copy down the seed value (initial condition).
Edit: it seems a lot of people are confused by my phrasing. I'm not saying chaotic computer algorithms are the _only_ way to generate pseudorandom numbers in computation, I'm saying they are used for that purpose. The video is about chaos, not generating random numbers, so I'm making the connection lol
didnt quite get it. acn u elaborate this a little more ?
@@ahmadkalim1580 Cloudflare's use of lava lamps isn't just a quirky gimmick-it's a critical component of their SSL/TLS encryption process. Every time you access a website protected by Cloudflare's services, a unique cryptographic key is generated to secure your connection through the dozens of actual lava lamps in Cloudflare's HQ.
Computers are very predictable and as such they struggle with random chance. When computers need to determine something random they are often programmed to use things like mouse position or the audio from a microphone to make something truly random. For instance some cybersecurity experts have a wall lined with about a hundred lava lamps with a camera facing them. The computer gets its "chaos" from watching the unpredictable movement of the liquid in the lava lamps.@@ahmadkalim1580
@@ahmadkalim1580 If you look at the graph at 5:30, you can see a relatively ordered part that turns to an absolute mess of chaos around 12 on the horizontal axis. Basically, the way we generate random numbers in a computer is we put an equation that has a graph like that one into the program and, in this case, input numbers bigger than 12. This means we get an output from the super messy and chaotic part of the equation. If you remember what number you input, you can increase that number, by say 1, each time and get a different output. Because there is no particularly predictable pattern to what the graph is doing, as you step along 12, 13, 14, 15, etc, it seems like you are just getting random numbers out of it. The detail about having a small predictability horizon is only important because computers are limited in their precision and the chaos starting at 12 gives you many more numbers than it starting at 100 billion, for instance.
This works well for generating numbers that seem random, but if we always start at 12 it will always be the same list of "random" numbers. One way to fix this is to just start at a different point each time you run the program. You can have an additional parameter, which we call the seed value, that determines where to start (often it effects other parts as well like the actual shape of the graph). For this example, if we say the seed is just an offset, then a seed value of 4 would mean we start at the 12 line plus 4; we start at 16. If we are using the random numbers to generate something like a Minecraft world, then starting at the same point on the graph will generate the same list of numbers and therefore generate the same world. By changing the seed, we get a new list of random numbers and a new world, but this also means we can share the seed value, and as long as we are all using the same graph, that is _all_ we need to share the Minecraft world.
I hope that gives some more context. I'm not always the best with writing words lol
Edit: I chose the number 12 in my example because it gets REALLY messy there, but you could also argue that the orderly part ends around 6 or 7.
@@ahmadkalim1580 Some random number generators use weather conditions because weather systems are very hard to predict
"3 of you that are still watching..." I always watch each second of your videos. Great content, thanks.
I'm one of those three!
Hello other 2!
I read the comments while he's going through his Patreon spiel and saying silly things at the tail end
"He's a friend from work" i didn't see that one coming. Amazing! I actually laughed out loud
"back when this virgin was creating the cover for dark side of the moon"
man, thats a lot of chaos in that joke
Some people think random equals funny. But no, it's chaos, chaos equals funny. It must be unpredictable yet follow from a set of premises.
@@vigilantcosmicpenguin8721 i'm so random!! xDD *glomps you*
That bit of him getting worried about Goldbloom and Aria then he exclaims, "Goldbloom!" made me burst out laughing. Kyle you can make some funny shit, the reason why you're one of the most entertaining science educators on this platform
Makes sense, Aria is gorgeous.
Eris throws a Golden Apple into the room and leaves, laughing like Jeff Goldblum.
Hail Eris!
Or don't.
remember: tomorrow is Friday, so no hotdogs. Unless you want.
just make sure you upset some greybeards.
@@brikilian7834nah. Greybeards shout fire breath and frost breath
Ah I love that god
"What is Chaos?"
CHAOS IS THE ONLY TRUE ANSWER! - Most sane chaos cultist
Was not quite prepared to have Neeton referred to as "this virgin".
Listen by now the memes are everywhere that he died a Virgin due to creating calculus instead of getting laid 🤣
Your “fun voice” bit will never, _ever_ get old
We're gonna need a compilation
As a Social Psychologist, I can tell a word or two about Uncertainty in measurement, and how in this discipline is mandatory to pay special attention to the Reliability and Validity of the instruments you measure with.
10:08 _La facilidad_ means _Easiness_ in spanish. The right translation would be something like _Las Instalaciones_ (Yes, in plural).
Exactly! My latin ass was like "it's all right, that's a common mistake"
Measure the coastline in Plancks, so it’s a finite measurement. Have fun storing/processing the point data though…
I'm with you on this one. "But length isn't infinitely divisible" was my first thought on that line.
My wife laughs at me for having never seen a Jurassic Park movie. I've been convinced.
The first one was great. The others... they weren't unwatchable at least once
Yeah, the first is the only one that needs to be seen.
I hope she does the hahahrawrrahaha laugh when pointing this out
Just watch the first one, maybe read the novel if you enjoyed it
The first one is one of the greatest masterpieces in cinematic history, despite all the scientific blunders.
An entire video dedicated to chaos ? Mmmh...
*speed-dials the number of his closest Imperial Inquisition Bureau*
0 Days Since Heretical Bullsh*t
Jack Garland has sent him a friend request and wants to meet him.
Exterminatus!
Eh. Milk for the Khorne Flakes.
Khorne cares not from where the blood flows.
He cares only that it flows.
Blood for the blood god! 🩸🩸🩸 Skulls for the skull throne! 💀💀💀
Currently prepping for my Orbits 2 Final. Can't tell you how many times we spent a week deriving equations just to get told "And this last step will get you a nobel prize, let's move on to something else". Part of the complexity is that you can somewhat relate variables in a system to each other, but relating them to time or integrating with respect to time is impossible.
I can vouch for Kyle's pickup method at the end there, it does in fact have a 100% success rate and is anomalously not subject to unpredictable outcomes.
Again, this is simply anecdotal evidence!
How do I know you are not as charming and magnetic as Kyle and Goldblum and that's why you got some? 😂
Hoping Kyle does another three-body episode how about how terrifying it would be to weaponize the fundamental forces of physics
You mean like nuclear physics? :P
Every weapon is weaponizing the fundamental forces of physics. A slingshot for example (and maybe someday a gravitational slingshot, lol).
nice solar system you got there, it'd be a shame if someone casually tossed this "paper" your way ~la la la~
@@Dac85 more like playing with the fundamental constants of the universe. What would it look like if you massively increase the Hubble constant in a fixed volume of space. Or massively increased or decreased the speed of light
@@Dac85 nuclear physics when weaponised pales in comparison to the h o r r o r s that are used in the three body problem lmao
This reminds me of a certain video on Trackmania, since it features completely deterministic physics, when TASing (bot assisted basically) and doing small but determined variations via machine learning. Just the initial differences within the Floating Point calculations when a car starts from the Start Line it will have different results, so "by fractions and fractions of 1%" everything changes even with the same exact inputs and same exact timings.
Wow... I've seen that episode. The one about AI driving on pipes. I've also never played Trackmania. 😅
Another video creator, DoodleChaos (namesake is a coincidence), also had problems setting up and repeating tracks to produce the same result.
I love that you Goldblum'd your way into (i presume) Aria's heart only for Aria to encounter Goldblum Prime. It's like poetry, it rhymes...
Awesome stuff. I never even considered why we couldn't predict weather further than a week's time, this is the kind of stuff you never stop to think about, and we usually take for granted.
40K fans malding when Chaos has "no randomness" 😡
HERASY!
It was never random, it was all Tzeentch's plan
Choas =/= randomness has me so confused 😵💫
"Not random but outside our comprehension" fits perfectly, I'd say
"WHAT? No skulls!?"
The fact that that water drop trick worked for you is only anecdotal evidence Kyle!
To cement it as an actual, successful technique we have to do more experiments on it with people not as charming and magnetic as you and Mr. Goldblum.
That being said, nice! ;)
I learned to build guitars from the renowned American builder, William Cumpiano who was the former editor of a journal on acoustic science. He basically said the journal closed after a few years because the community of researchers determined(paraphrasing), “acoustic build problems have multiple interlinked oscillating feedback systems and are therefore unsolvable.” It makes me smile knowing there will always be some mystery.
My brother in law asked me if I had been watching the Three Body Problem. I told him I had not, but I was familiar with the concept in physics and proceeded to explain it to him and its history in the understanding of chaos. He said I should really watch the show. I haven't yet, but I probably will.
It's on Netflix. Therefore, I expect the story to be changed to FOUR bodies, two of which are non-binary in orientation and the other two are incomprehensibly evil simply because they are white and male.
And the math will be replaced with random "historians" making unsupported pronouncements that the majority of real historians have long since disproven.
-
Why yes, I did catch an episode of that Alexander the Great thing. Astute of you to notice!
Don't it isn't about this problem. It's just used to lure you in thinking it is a science based sci-fy. But it isn't, it's more drama with some gore, really awe full gore. I regret watching it, and I even skipped the gore scene.
@MisterMakerNL I mean, it is based on a book.
A book that is actually about this problem.
It’s 100% worth the watch. It made me think and not many shows do that anymore
@@krucible9369 That is not necessarily a good endorsement.
Ancient Aliens makes me think, too. Things like: "Who gave these chuckleheads money for a show?", "Does Georgio really believe the words coming out of his mouth?, and "Doesn't anyone at the corporate level have any shame that they greenlit that mess?"
I can't wait until season 2 of Three Body Problem and all the science tube makers are going to explain to their audience the Dark Forest solution to the Fermi Paradox. That will be great times to share the depression.
Buddy there's already hundreds of those videos.
The teardrop will dominate ate season 2 video thumbnails.
The more dark and depressing part is the way they realize the inevitability of what happens in a resource limited system with multiple resource consumers that outstrips availability of those resources. Sure it is a part of Dark Forest theory as a whole, but it is so visceral and hard hitting in the book as you realize its implications for the whole future of the universe in the book.
Brian Cox was just talking about the Dark Forest with Fermi's Paradox. You should check it out!
There's already so many Dark Forest videos
I’m reading Cixin Liu’s The Three-Body Problem for school, it’s really good and I highly recommend it. The ideas and concepts in it are so bizarre and creative, it’s truly a masterpiece especially considering the author’s relation to the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Go read now.
Incase you (somehow) couldn’t tell, it’s based on the three body problem.
I read the first two chapters and had a hard time with the writing style. I recently watched the first three episodes of the show and plan on giving the book another shot.
The beginning of the book was so bizarre to me for some reason.
@@lefthookouchmcarm4520 I struggled with the first two chapters of the book. I had no idea it got better - I thought it was just a book about the Chinese cultural revolution. Didn't even know there was a show. I'll guess I'll go back and try again...
Most of "original" concepts there are incoherent mess. All the coherent ones are unoriginal.
It's boring beyond measure.
@@alexander_d1277 Agreed. Almost all of the "cool stuff" in the series is pure magical fantasy, not remotely rooted in science. Sure the author likes to use sciencey words to describe it, but Solar Amplification, Sophons, and Dark Forests strikes are nothing more than silly magic fantasy.
As I understand it, its only unpredictable because you don't have precise or complete enough starting conditions to remain accurate for as long of a time scale as you're interested in. The longer the time scale you want to be accurate over the more precise your starting conditions need to be.
It could be just because you didn"t measure precisely enough to be accurate over the time horizon you want, Heisenberg's uncertainty principle means there is a limit to how precise your starting conditions can be, and random quantum phenomenon adds randomness to your system.
So even if you had a system with no introduction of randomness due to quantum phenomenon (which is impossible) and you exactly measured the velocity OR position of each particle in the system to an "infinite number of decimal places". Heisenberg's uncertainty principle means there will always be a non-zero level of imprecision in your starting conditions. So the time horizon of accuracy of any model is inherently finite.
It's actually a bit more than that. For the 3BP in particular, we have some formulas that tell us how things are related to each other (like the formula shown in the video), but we have no way to transform that into an actual motion formula like position_of_b1(t) = 4*t^3 + sqrt(t +5) or whatever. We just don't have the math to transform from one to the other. If we had, we could just plug in t=50 years from now, and see where everything is, but we can't, as we can't get the formulas in that form.
The only thing we CAN do is integrate the existing formulas, basically run the motion step by step, where each step is as small as we can approximate it, but not actually continuous. This means each step adds a tiny error, which over time add up to very large errors. It also means we can't just skip to any time we want, we need to run the whole simulation up to that time.
Mandelbrot's theory was infinite precision of measurement led to an infinite solution. So not just one, but two impossibilities. When scientists blithely state "We could do it with sufficient accuracy!", they are positing that if they were omniscient gods than its totally doable. Past that veneer of apparent logic is cartoonish nonsense NOT UNLIKE religious belief.
I love every word of this video script. One of your best yet!
Your Jeff Goldblum impression is excellent btw
"Jazz piano" 😂
"To recap, no cap, Fam". You're so hip and with it. :)
The coastline of Britain will also constantly change, since water is constantly eroding it. Not to mention the sea levels are constantly changing. They could be going up as the polar caps melt and add water to the sea or recede if we start getting another ice age from the water freezing up.
Today's Fact: The smallest reptile in the world is a chameleon called Brookesia micra, which measures just 29 mm in length.
Neat
Complete
The largest living reptiles are the reticulated pythons ( _Python reticulatus_ ) and saltwater crocodiles ( _Crocodylus porosus_ ) which may grow to more than *7 metres (23 feet)* as adults!
You don’t exists you’re a machine
_Argentinosaurus huinculensis_ is the largest comfirmable reptile to have ever existed. It was a sauropod (long necked herbivore), that lived during the late Cretaceous Period. It was 75-100 feet long, and weighed up to 220,000 pounds.
That Ian Malcom and Ellie Sattler scene is a masterclass in classy flirting.
Except that she clearly doesn't want it and literally begs Alan to save her.
I love that scene, but watch it again. Malcolm is UNCOMFORTABLY close to her and he fondles her hair in a weird and creepy manner.
@@deusdragonex Of course he's creepy, he's the Fly.
Damn maybe I’m wrong, I always thought she seemed way into it and was trying to make Alan, her ex, jealous. Her body language never came across as uncomfortable, but maybe im just autistic.
@@darkwraithcovenantindustries except, at the time, they weren't exes yet. She just didn't realize Ian was flirting.
Kyle's hair and beard are a good example of chaos at work. Thanks for the info, Kyle!
7:48 "Goldblum!" lmao 🤣🤣🤣
In addition to 'horizons of predictability', systems with chaotic behaviour are also able to have 'regions of predictability' - connected/continuous sets of initial conditions that, in some region of the space of possible values for those conditions, exhibit predictable behaviour. Near the boundary of these regions, the tendency to chaos increases (depending on your ability to measure/control the conditions with that amount of accuracy).
One of the famous examples of this is the Magnetic Pendulum - set up a single-rod pendulum with a ferromagnetic material at the tip, and set three magnets underneath where the pendulum is allowed to swing, arranged in an equilateral triangle (with the pivot of the pendulum above the center of the triangle). The prediction is which of the three magnets the pendulum will end up pointing towards when it finally reaches equilibrium. This system will experience Chaos over quite a lot of the initial condition space - many starting points will have high sensitivity to adjustments in terms of where the pendulum ends up, much like the drop of water on your hand. However, there are large regions of starting condition space that are are stable under small adjustments instead. As long as you aren't 'near' the boundary of one of these regions, the system has predictability.
Thank you for more content, science Thor
Only Kyle would do science education, using phrases like "Hitchey Gitchey Goo Goo" and "Billy Billy" 😂
Awesome video Kyle! Great food for thought and thank you for enhancing my understanding of what defines chaos!
Looks like Kyle's got himself a super vill-, errr, totally normal science arch nemesis now. Goldbloom!
the books were amazing so happy Netflix made a video version in english
I can’t believe you said “different” differently 6 times and it make perfect sense to me. Huh, that’s pretty cool
“Because Science”, now that’s nostalgic
This is not often talked about, but still interesting to state:
I studied Complex Systems for a very long time (5 years). One thing that is often overlooked about it is that, the initial conditions aren't the only piece of information you need in order to predict what a system will do. You need a model of the large scale, because the large scale contains information that the smaller scale needs to also have, to determine its initial conditions, which makes such problems undecidable.
Think of it like this: It's a clear blue sky out right now. Technically, a tornado can form at this very instant, but it doesn't and we know that the likelihood is close to 0. The reason is because in order to have a tornado, requires a supercell, which requires the right atmospheric conditions and so on. The macroscale informs the microscale, what is or should happen, and this is called "Downward Causation," and in extension, a complex system is a system such that you can not definitively separate or talk about any particular scale of the system, without talking about all the other scales of the system, which is partly the reason why you can not know the initial conditions, as to do so requires knowledge of every system casually connected to it.
Mathematical models like the double pendulum over simplify the concept of chaos to its detriment because in reality the double pendulum isn't a simple two body system. The system also contains a bunch of air molecules, its in a room, sitting on Earth, flying through space...all of these things one ignores when talking about the chaos of the double pendulum...and on a computer, the system is made of pixels, which run on your computer, which sits in your room full of air molecules, sitting on Earth, flying through space.
The macroscale, influences non-trivially the initial conditions of the system, like the fact that you, a human organism initiated some kind of process that moves electrons in your computer around to change colors of pixels on a screen in such a way where they follow this particular pattern that we recognize as a double pendulum...which could have turned out differently. If you ignore the artificial separation of these systems (rather that all of them are connected and just parts of the same system) then it begins to make sense how we don't just see double pendulums randomly appearing on our computer screens when those are equally likely to happen as a monkey typing on a keyboard to do the same thing.
Hang on a sec.
The mathematical model of the double-pendulum running in a computer can do away with influences from air molecules or vibrations from the world around a real-life double-pendulum. It really does isolate the system.
It has its own drawbacks, too, most notably that its resolution is limited by the necessity of rendering every component as numbers, but the computer program running the simulation is not influenced by the air in the room where the computer resides.
@@nigeldepledge3790 naa, because the two body needs to include the pixels of the system. If your simulation was actually 2 pixels, it would be predictable right…since there’s only 1 state the pendulum could be in. But in actuality there’s hundreds, millions of possible pixels and therefor states.
I really enjoyed this episode being headed by jeff goldblum doing an absolutely fantastic impression of kyle. Rarely broke character. What a pro!
My favourite example is this:
A ball on a billard table is a perfect predictable system.
A ball on a billiard table with two round sides, is a chaotic system.
I was programming this a couple of years ago. On the first table you can reverse the balls direction after some time and get back to your starting point. On the round table this does not work, as it becomes a chaotic system. This blew my mind back then.
Must be a chaotic era! Dehydrate! Dehydrate! Dehydrate!
(raises eye brow) you selling weapons son? (pulls up the FBI agent sunglass from my pocket to put on)
7:48 - 7:50 I love the sudden cut in and out of: "Goldbloom!" 💪😡💪
Thanks for the video, Kyle! :D
0:56 , Chaos is a ladder. We already know. If you get the reference, you get it ;)
I've been waiting for you to make a video on this show!! It was an amazing watch!
“Noted Space Zaddy Kyle Hill” in the description is amazing
Tzeentch is pleased that this video came together just as planned.
My two cents to the three body problem:
"Heisenberg is a b#@ch!"
The three body problem series is funnily enough named wrong, particularly because it follows the dark forest hypothesis not the 3 body problem
No, the alien civilization having a 3 body problem is why they're coming to earth.
Well the 2nd book follows the dark forest, the first one explores the 3 body problem extensively and is where the Trisolarans/San Ti get their name from
The alien civilization in the series actually has 3 body problem. That's why they want the new world without it.
Kyle - This might come across weird, but I love you, man. Your videos are chock full of awesome info, but it's your sense of humor that make them. Honestly, never laugh as hard when I'm learning as when I'm watching one of your vids.
big throwback to my chaotics dynamics class. Great video!
That was a low blow...
"This virgin..."
😂😂😂
I really love the distinction between Random and Unpredictable
You have reaffirmed my knowledge, sir. Thank you
you just explained chaos so much better than any teachers I have ever had, that is super useful.
he idea of predictable in a simple system and not random, however is impossible to predict in complex systems where so many variables interact with each other because you need to consider each variable, and its near impossible to consider each and every single variable that causes every variable.
and the reason you have to consider each is because it is so ridiculously sensitive to change that even the slightest change in the fucking hairs on your hand can change the outcome from a simple linear movement, to something like creating a black hole, that the only way you could predict it is through theoretical possibilities like the " if this object is on a frictionless, zero gravity plane, with zero entropy, what happens when ____"
Man, I had forgotten how creepy that Jeff Goldblum scene was... 🤣
You mean smoother than you?
It's not creepy.
@@oz_jones Dude, you just outed yourself as a creep.
You didn't even say Lyapunov Exponent. But who can blame you when you have this much Jeff in your video for distraction.
- Chaos is a pit.
- Chaos isn't a pit. Chaos is a ladder!
Great video!
For the next one it could be nice to add information regarding Lagrange points and the restricted 3 body problem solutions and why it's more than just a theoretical problem to us. For example: positioning the Webb telescope.
No need to solve it perfectly, just close enough so that the fuel supply for the control thrusters is launchable.
LEROY JENKINS
Some times I wonder if different channels having videos about the same topic (StarTalk just did a 3 body problem video) are merely a coincidence or perhaps some sort of pattern coming out the chaos.
Simply a popular topic covered when a popular show comes out
It is very much like busineses are started in mainland china.
First someone starts a cafe that are succesfull and before you know it the entire block have a lot of cafes competing about the same customers and goes bankrupt.
If you got that sauce like history Thor does, your regulars will keep coming back to your restaurant
@@kylehill Unless your name is Derek and you beat another channel to the punch. **Cough** PBS Space Time was just Dereked.
This show bothers me a little. Several holes in logic are necessary to allow this plot.
I really like that papers have been published that make use of the fact that only tiny differences in initial conditions are needed for vastly different outcomes, in order to kind of control the chaos. Just using super tiny nudges to a system to put and keep it on the path you want it to be on. Of course, those algorithms are applied within the Lyapunov timeframe, such that the outcomes stay predictable. People train machine learning models to handle the tiny nudge inputs, and keep the system on its desired path. You know, an actually good and sensible use of neural networks, one that's pretty much tailor-made to take advantage of their strengths. Not like the generative crap that we keep seeing at the moment. Which follows the (false) idea that any problem becomes a nail so long as your hammer is large enough.
Bro called Newton "this virgin" 💀
2:02 speaking of Jeff Goldbloom, his rizz was legendary. I remember joe Rogan discussing it with several Hollywood insiders that he went after peoples wives, without fail, to EVERYONE he could. Very lengthy list of “conquests”. Apparently some Oscar winners wives are among the “list”
So yet another video trying to get you to worship the Dark Gods of the Warp.
The emperor will hear about this!
this needs an NTR flag
Frll
There is a story how it was found in weather systems.
"There used to have a decent model and calculated the weather in a few days. Then one guy did the same thing, and got a completely different outcome. Totally puzzled they went on a search of what went wrong, and found nothing.
Eventually, they found a difference. One calculation was done with 1.00000000 and the other was done with a 1.0. Numerically identical, but the computer isn't perfectly precise and used something like 1.000001 for the second number. (Don't ask me how this works, but my excel also did stuff like this in the past)."
And this virtually identical numbers, caused it to have completely different outcomes. The difference was "about as much as a butterfly disturbance", and still the outcome was incredibly huge.
Since then, the weather forecasts are done, by putting in the initial measurements, and calculate the different outcomes by varying the inputs and different weather models. And we get then the averages, respectively some confidence intervals in modern forecasts.
Your videos are always amazing. Thanks for make the fun and amazing science, fun and amazing to watch and learn. Have a good rest of your day.
I don't know where this quote originates, but I've heard it said that "chaos is just order that we don't understand, and order is just chaos that we do understand".
The show was great but the book was absolutely incredible. I loved both for different reasons. I still need to read the other two books. I'm partway through book two rn, but I would highly recommend it to anyone who enjoys science and reading
"We don't say that anymore" hit me in the feels, reminded me of old days with BS😢
"Friend from work" sent me right back to reality
In a strange way, this prooves how correct people are - whether right or wrong - when they say that life or people are chaotic. There are so many tiny features of people's lives that we will never see or know to to measure.
Kyle, your channel should be required at every university, because you cause people to think and research, I don't agree with all your conclusions, but I listen and research on my own, that's what teachers actually do, promote their students to dig deeper than the course syllabus and outline, and when you talk to your professor about going past the coursework, they open up and guide you further
I think it's fascinating that Laplace's Demon and Chaos Theory went head to head in thought experiments, and the eventual conclusion was Chaos Theory works in real life, where knowledge is imperfect; Laplace's Demon, as per the parameters given, wouldn't be subject to Chaos Theory because it perfectly knows all conditions to infinite precision, but of course, that's not realistic.
I love your channel dude frfr
There is no true randomness anyway. You can't argue, that it exists either.
Also there's absolutely no system, that's not chaotic in reality. There's just enough of them with very long period of predictability.
This video was amazing. Ty
A very good math topic pertaining to nearly any field within mathematics that even allows our understanding of physics to be possible that is often overlooked is the Axiom of Choice.
This vid came at the perfect time I just finished Death’s End like an hour ago.
The movie had me when they started talking about how to accelerate an object to fractional c. i immediately said out loud to myself "well, the Orion drive can theoretically do it. its the only drive we could actually make today that would work but it would require trillions of dollars." And then that's exactly what the people on the show said. one of my favorite sci fi books has a giant space station made from a melted asteroid, and its propulsion system is an orion drive. most orion drive designs people come up with have the ship carrying its own nukes that it drops, so it can actually steer and stop but lining them up like the show does is probably easier in some ways.
I already have several white lab coats. One even has the original patch issued for the opening of the Arizona Cancer Center in Tucson. My lab was on the 4th floor near the elevator.😎
The French mathematician Henri Poincaré won a scientific challenge organized in Sweden in 1889 about the Three Body Problem. He proved the existence of chaotic solutions. An explicit reference to Henri Poincaré can be found in the first volume of the book Three-Body Problem by Liu Cixin.
*Space marine looks up from his cup* Chaos? Get the flamer.
I love how much fun he's having with this video!
Related: entropy is not the progress into a more chaotic (by either definition) state, but the progress towards the most static one.
The only association with "chaos" is because the thing we predicted would happen doesn't.