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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ย. 2014
- View full lesson: ed.ted.com/lessons/where-do-ge...
When life emerged on Earth about 4 billion years ago, the earliest microbes had a set of basic genes that succeeded in keeping them alive. In the age of humans and other large organisms, there are a lot more genes to go around. Where did all of those new genes come from? Carl Zimmer examines the mutation and multiplication of genes.
Lesson by Carl Zimmer, animation by TOGETHER.
When a daddy gene and a mama gene love each other very much...
Thats so funny
🤣😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
Sweet home Alabama
@@waltdisney3937 what? do you even understand what that means
😂😂😂😊😂😂😂😂😂😊😊😊😊
The question still remains.... where do they come from?
We can't just say "Microbes had the 'basic' genes....then it evolved".
Where did those basic genes come from? How were they created?
carpo719 Carpo, you might be interested in a book I'm currently reading titled _War of the Worldviews_ by Leonard Mlodinow and Deepak Chopra. Basically they debate one another over these sorts of topics, Deepak Chopra being a physician into alternative medicine and Leonard Mlodinow coming at these inquiries as a physicist. Pretty interesting thus far.
Simply GOD ALLAH, really ,if you keep going back you have to stop in a a certain stage which is GOD creating the world
genes mutation come from environment..origin is only to acknowledge something greater than us all. The bindings are strong enough to leap through time. Declaring a human enemy seems all the more silly.
carpo719 even if we discovered it, who created it? ALLAH
carpo719 I'm just saying that ,this the foundation because no matter we tried we will know the real induction
Also, things like retroviruses can insert their own genetic material into a host's genome, and sometimes that can get passed down to later generations resulting in an organism getting new genetic information. It is not always harmful information that is encoded.
Woahhh so my kid could become spiderman?!
but he didn't say where the first gene originated from.. he just jumped the whole section
I guess it's a 'no one knows' thing@@Enki696
OH MY GOSH! Thank you so much!!!! I'm leaning about Genetics in science right now and I'm having a hard time, but I just found an entire playlist explaining genetics!!!! Thank you TedEd!!!!!!!!!!!! :D
The title should be: Where do new genes come from?
This video is called "Where do genes come from?" but when it comes to actually answering the question, there's a hand-wave statement about how the first life forms just had them already.
Genes came from basic molecules like water, ammonia and minerals due to random reactions.
What are genes made of? I have this question in science class and do NOT remember the teacher ever mentioning it.
@@Oridux Bro are you kidding??? Genes contain certain information and design. How can a certain information which is more complicated than computer programming came randomly??? It's like I want to programme a complicated software but the software programmes itself automatically without programmer. It is only possible in fairy tale. 😂😂😂
@@kmferdoush1381 In a universe so vast large and aged with millions of events leading to trees and branches of outcomes mathematically speaking you shouldn't be surprised. There were many ways the world could have panned out and each one of them had little to no chance of ever coming to fruition. What we live in now is just one of those possibility. We see the intricacy of the world and its fine design and think due to that there is purpose to them as our human minds will convince us to believe in. In reality there is no fine design or programming or purpose. Chaos is the natural order of the universe
@@terdooosu7185 great answer 👏
According to this video, genes are made by genes; where do the genes that make the genes come from?
Boom
+
You are so damn right
That's abiogenesis
Natural selection, over time. Simple, right?
This channel is one of my favorites...
good for you.
Only when they have some good narrator like in this video.
Been thinking awhile how the genes come from and finally for this informative video. Thank Ted.
Random jeans can also be picked up from the Thrift store
Good video. In before religious flame wars.
*****
actually there's a lot of religious people that accepts evolution and be perfectly at peace with their religion.
sadly, those are the silent majority, but i guess you can say that about basically every group of people.
Will Ferrous maybe that is right. but why the hell do people with such a religion that they dont agree, watch this! and even take time to write a command. WTF!? they are really strange....
bram r
negative emotions compels (more strongly) people to express their opinion. sometimes to the point that they would seek to be offended.
Declan Dias
i don't think i prompted that, did i?
Or im missing some context here.
All religions are bad.
Jeans come from the store
Lmao (L)uaghing (M)y (A)ss (O)ff
Jackie Oakley may god bless u , now i know what lmao is
sWifteruniTe not sure if srs.
Michaelsp9 S(e)R(iou)S
Michaelsp9 i am :)
Your point about snake venom left me mindblown.
that was great info...
when I can get Wolverine's healing mutation?
I have a gene that tells the cells in my small intestine to never stop making the enzyme lactase. This helps me digest the sugar found in milk, called lactose, and gives me the ability to consume milk and dairy even after infancy.
Wow! Maybe after a million years, your gene will be present in the entire human species as your descendant carry it down further.
Btw, how did you get to know of that?
@@createyourownfuture5410 literally almost all europeans and middle eastern have that gene bro
@@ozymandias8523 oh... that does ruin it a lil but. But I suppose I can also digest milk without any problems, so maybe I have the gene too? It was just the way they said it that was super cool
Amazing....
That's called the " error theory" 👍👌
Keep up the good job guys
Interesting and makes me think of this: Apparently in humans the gene GULO for synthesizing Vitamin C has been turned off/damaged for some time hence Scurvy. I wonder if we could turn it on again by repairing the gene. Scary I guess isn't a problem in the modern day.
Can you make a video about why the skin hardens and makes a hard tissue? And what are the ways to get rid out of it? Also, mention the medical ways and natural ways (if there any). Will you please do it?
thank you for this amazing video
Love all the topics
I found this very disappointing because the title led me to expect that I'd hear some theories about how RNA and DNA arose initially during the evolution of life. Alas, there's not a word about that.
That's what I was expecting too
RNA and DNA rose as a consequence of chemical evolution leading to biological evolution
Yeah
@@IndicaPrincess 😂😂😂
Hello 👋 Carl, interesting 🤔 video and nicely put together, two problems, one last I checked a tree’s chlorophyll is to turn sun ☀️ light, with other ingredients, into sugar to eat; two you explained nicely about mutations if that is your explanation, but failed to specify where the genes 🧬 come from, as in the letters to make the code, the proteins to hold them together and the chemicals to actually make them work in the first place; or is that not the title of the video.
1. Plants turn light and stuff into sugars, sugar comes in many form. Wood is mostly sugar (selulose), the grains we eat are full of sugar (starch/amylose), and so on. so he's not wrong.
2. Yeah he didn't actually dive where do genes come from, just where do modern genes developed from. imo, the original fisrt genes maybe just some randomness happening on archaic earth, like the creation of life itself. But it's still open for debate, i think there's not yet one definite answer.
Thank you so much, without this I don’t think I would’ve survived HS! I definitely passed my exam because of this! TYSM! 😊😊❤
Amazing!
just remember, if you are feeling suicidal, don't do it. your ancestors worked super hard into giving you a perfectly unique body
I'm suiciding right now.
ขอบคุณครับ สำหรับการบรรยายไทย
my jeans are made in China
damn i wanted to comment on jeans, too.
xDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
very funny la
Chan Michel 😂 👍😉
XDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
00:39 Scientists "Suspect"
EDIT: I was a bit overzealous 5 years ago when I made this comment. Apologies for the big reaction to such a small error.
------------
0:26 "An Oak tree has genes for chlorophyll, which turn sunlight into wood."
Please be more specific than this. Just because I know what you're trying to say doesn't mean that someone just learning about photosynthesis will understand.
Wood is NOT transformed sunlight. Wood is created using the ENERGY from sunlight, but the matter itself comes from the AIR and very partially from the soil. When you pick up a log, you do not say that it "is" sunlight. It's much more appropriate to say it "is" air.
Now, when you BURN wood, you CAN argue that the fire you're seeing is "stored" sunlight!
Man, it's not a video on "how tree makes wood" or " how does a tree use it's chlorophyll"
Lol this isn’t a plant developmental biology video. He was just giving the general idea
@@jk-nk1qo agreed, I think I was just on a kick back then about inaccuracies in science videos. Definitely could have corrected that with one neutral sentence and then moved on.
Why is diarrhea a genetic disorder?
Because it runs in your jeans.
that was a good joke!!!!!
i hope you step in water with SOCKS ON
@@omarrybarry2358 lol
Very good
That's very interesting. So where do genes come from?
thank you , love it ❤
no mistakes :
evolution is about
"new mutations"
& so is healing ( while "evolving" )
My jeans were made in the Philippines.
RyeOnHam murit genes* gaya gaya kalang
RyeOnHam nauna siya
It's time for genetic engineering to effectively advance our existence!
How did this explain where the genes came from, as in, where did the set of basic genes in the "earliest microbes" come from?
are you dead yet
@@Snak3Y Yes, but they cant say where the two base pairs originated from here either...
I though this would explain how the first microbes genes began or came into existence
This video was made 9 years ago but imagine the k-pop stans now when they hear the end of the video "it will be making new genes" - "NEW JEANS"
Better title: How new genes arise from preexisting genes.
So, are we talking about evolution here!
Then, how come evolution is directional, when it comes from mistakes?
0:30 - Rather, turns air (CO2) and water (H2O) into wood (sugar) using the energy of light.
Yeah,it was a great video
Since when does DNA have 3 different base pairs?
The comments are great. Thanks to all
0:45 AVOCADOSS
I wish this video had included sources for the claims made.
i was the only one to see avocados in 0:50 ??? xD
I was searching for this comment...!!!!
The video says that some genes evolved in last couple of billions years ago, and some in past few millions of years ago, can anyone tell when was the latest gene that evolved naturally
Levi, Lees and Gap are just a few.
Good job avoiding the question
What do you mean? Copy, manipulate, there you go. You wanna know the first one in existence? It happened circa 3.5 billion years ago. The very first one is difficult to pinpoint because of obvious reasons, but if you want to understand the mechanisms, go to en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis, it's a good read. The video did not avoid the question, it just answered from different point of view ie. how new genes form via evolution even today.
Andy Flow
go to simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis
xD
Andy Flow Good point, you're right, I'm not sure what I was expecting
We still don't know the answer i guess
Look up viroids, they might give you a clue how the first genes happened.
I think it's Gene workers that make genes in the gene factory at 3:10
Why there are three kinds of DNA basepairs in this movie?
Bad title. Where did the genes COME FROM??? Where did that first gene come from? It takes like 250 proteins for the simplest living thing. How did that start?
Ok than, can we accelerate mutations and direct them towards what we need the most for our survival?
Where did the "basic set of genes" in the first cell came from?!!
Jeans do not come from us.
How do the genes multiply when there is a certain amount of DNA in a species' cell? 1:09
to all people who complain it cant be random, due to chance being too low, understand that given enough space and time unlikely events should and most likely will happen
Those who say the chance is too low simply don't understand chance. Or they have an agenda.
@@adamwu4565 Chance is possible. But not beyond logic. Everyone believe in chance but it always remain in certain logic. But you people are trying hard and soul to make an impossible illogical chance possible like fairytale. They don't have any agenda but people like you have an agenda. And that is the legacy of Atheism.
@@kmferdoush1381 The evidence is definitively clear that the level of chance needed is not beyond logic at all. Atheism as nothing to do with it.
@@kmferdoush1381 you don't understand the length of millions of thousand of years. Like we are just a grain of sand compared to the time it took to life to form on earth.
so, genes are something like facebook app for android. it gets patched everyday.
Where did those first basic genes come from ?
My A.S.
I don't understand what are genes
If somehow in the future, we can make artifical genes. So can we get superpowers then through mutation ?
Actually no making artificial DNA won't function as natural DNA, why, they are all made of elements, why can't we just arrange them the same and have an artificial one, well the answer is, get it like this you have a robot and you study it and bring parts that are similar and make your own clone but it didn't work cuz it needs power (electricity) and the electric power for DNA is the SOUL.
Ignore the guy above me I think yes But it would probably be limited Since Psychic powers are definitely unrealistic
Maybe Camouflage like chameleons a sort of flight with wings and maybe better swimming and water breathing
Turns sunlight into wood? I don't think that's how photosynthesis works...
All you need is enough time and everything will come into existence on it's own. OK. I understand now.
what the difference between gene and DNA?
genes are parts of DNA
basicaly DNA can be conisdered as a music piece, genes are motifs, and nucleotide bases are notes.
i have music analogy because your name says you play piano.
3 types of nucleobases?
All we see is losing gens(informations) not adding new ones, I don’t know where do you get your informations from
rent a shill
Did I say anything wrong?
rent a shill
Can the Gens add a new informations to themselves??!
rent a shill
“highly understood”😂
Another atheist with zero knowledge of evolution
Watch this video from your Atheism priest
th-cam.com/video/WRVOIKjoLdY/w-d-xo.html
👍
So Gene is a Research Department of human body
So is it mutation or evolution? Or are they one in the same?
I mean.. It's not the hazard that creat the mutation..Like if it was like this we could see pink animals third new creature.. Like it's adapting by an intelligent way that we don't have acces to.. (sorry for the bad english)
Thanks
nice
4 billion years isn't enough time to account for the number of accidental mutations needed for the abundance and diversity of life found on earth. And as stated in the video, most evolution has happened in earth's recent past. The evolution of new species has happened much faster than it should.
Why are they going so mad about jeans? You never need that much, I have like 4 pairs and I'm totally okay!
9 years ago
As per the opening remark, everything that exist, exist by accident.
I don’t know if this is a mistake but... it looks like there are 6 different nucleotides???
how you people make such kind of videos? Can you share some useful tips for new creators?
I see a lot of people explaining abiogenesis in the comments here and referring to it as a theory. Is that correct? I was under impression that for something to be a theory it has to be scientifically proven (through experimentation, math etc). While abiogenesis seems to be the most likely explanation for the origin of life it hasn't been sufficiently proven (yet) and isn't it therefore only a hypothesis?
I'm just worried that if we refer to a scientifically unproven hypothesis as "theories" it will undermine actual theories that are more or less proven to be facts. This then leads to people saying stuff like "evolution is just a theory" when in fact a scientific theory should be regarded as something close to facts.
Or am I way off?
Primordial avocados.
Cool
*my jeans are from old navy though
In fact, a gene for dopamine does not exist. Dopamine is not a protein, it is synthesized from a single amino acid
+Edoardo Bertero
But what "synthesizes" dopamine from the amino acid? Enzymes... made of proteins... coded for by DNA
What about beans?
WAIT... CHLOROPHYLL TURNS SUNLIGHT TO WOOD????? thought it was food..... LOL
What happens if mistaken genes ? I'm broken right
So we’re basically mistakes?
you are
Why does the cell accidentally copy the same stretch of DNA twice? Does that mean the evolution of life exist because of cells making a mistake?
TED-Ed , you didn't give us real examples of proteins in our body, it is like tale!!!
Does that mean my siblings have the same DNA as me?
No, only identical twins have the same (well, almost) dna.
Where the first DNA came from ??
What gene encodes the dopamine surging around my brain?
The dopamine gene. Genes are typically named after their products.
Adam Wu I was making a trick quesiton. Dopamine isn't encoded by a gene.
Pedro Miura It is not uncommon to refer to the gene that produces the enzyme(s) that biosynthesize a substance like dopamine as the genes that "encode for" that substance.
"Dopamine genes" is actually a term you can search on pubmed and find scientific publications referring directly to, and using the name in their titles.
Where did Gene come from?
It depends on the gene.
3:00 venom
according to recent studies we have 32,000 genes in our dna
The great question
Where do genes come from,where does live come from?
Wait.... chlorophyll in oak trees turn sunlight into wood?????
That's a lot of maybes for a scientific principle🤔
Genes are cool
Yeah but, where do they come from?
This people know it's okay to say we don't know right? Because this video contains too much "may" for it to be factual.
The problem with this video is that it doesn't really explain what a gene IS, and therefore people are asking questions like, where the "first gene came from." Genes are not to be confused with objects, like the chromosomes that contain them- Genes are specific stretches of information in DNA that happen to express as traits, proteins, etc. Genes therefore aren't objects that had to be created- they're information.
Genetics people, pls correct/amend, but I think this fundamental point needs to be understood before people can really understand the point of this video.