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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 ก.พ. 2022
- Aquablox can be expensive especially considering that for most projects you need a quite a few of them. In this video you'll see my ponds including some other materials I used to replace the expensive snorkel and centipede modules. If you want to see the stages of how my dream pond was constructed (DIY) check out this playlist- • Dream pond build
If you want to see the altlantic flow tanks visit- www.atlantisco...
Or to look at the Austrian enviromodules- ausdrain.com/e...
Here’s another link to a fellow DIY pond builder and his tests on the weight milk crates and plastic pallets can withstand- • Just how strong is a m... check it out!
After watching many videos I ended up a total of $5 for my entire setup which works really well. The local tip has a recycle shop. A medium size square dustbin cost me the 5 bucks. 8 milk crates came free and I still had some fine wire to cover the top. Pebbles and various size rock on the top came to me free as well. I am now making a big filter. The filter material can be bought cheaply at lynncraft or spotlight.
Nice one Richard! That’s fantastic! Well done 👍
I never get tired of watching your videos over and over again
Thanks mate. I appreciate it 😊👍
A local nursery had hundreds of Plastic crates that seedlings came to them in. They were in a huge stack and they were thrilled that I took them. The area for the "Centipede" and bog Kept caving in during construction So I mostly used them to save on gravel. I actually threw Two 55 gal Plastic drums , and the body of a walk behind floor scrubber in the hole as well. I wish I could post a picture. Lol. Great Videos, man!
I wish you could too 👍
A left-field comment from me on this topic.
I love seeing how plastic can be used in a positive way to create healthy long lasting ecosystems.
When the larger conversation is how bad plastic waste is for the environment.
As fish keepers, both indoors and outdoors, we know the value of using plastic materials to great advantage.
Thrown away plastic is BAD, used correctly plastic is Fantastic.
Great conversation starter. 👍
"Throw-away, bad" plastic is always just that until the companies that made it in the first place discover a way to make a profit on it - until then they just don't care.
I used heavy duty floor drain covers on top of concrete blocks. It’s working pretty well so far after 18 months
That’s great 👍
Hi, my name is Aaron, my aim is to watch Kev's streams & ponds & fishies and feel relaxed at the end of a day & allow the blood to return to my feet, if this sounds like something you relate to ... please consider clicking thumbs up, & remember to subscribe to Kev's channel while your zipping your mousy around.
🤣🍻
@@Ozponds Well... where's my thumbs Up?! 🤪
Thank you for letting us know of the alternatives to aquablox. Now I need to find a local source for the concrete cloth because I have so many burrowing critters ready to put holes in any pond liner I install.
Good luck. If you find something cost effective please let me know so I can share the info with everyone 👍
You’re a legend mate, really appreciate your video.
Such a great channel man, the flowers along the stream is an awesome idea! Thanks again man 🤙
Thanks mate. Impatiens are sensational in the stream, don’t need to water them! Suits my lazy way of life perfectly 👍
@@Ozponds they look great!
Great update Kev it’s amazing when you shop about how much you can save When you buy bits for a pond that are not from pond suppliers in the uk we call it koi tax it’s annoying they charge so much for the same product that can be found elsewhere for a fraction of the price if you’re prepared to look. Excited to know what the new project is 👍
😂 koi tax! So true though.
@@Ozponds ....or any product poplar with hobbyists. I am convinced that one of the high dollar bio-media products (some kind of glass or clay) is nothing more than a waste product from kilns that they used to have to pay to get rid of.
It is criminal here in the US right now aquablocks are approximately 70 dollars a piece. I went with heavy duty milk crates for 1.50 a piece. I haven't completed mine yet but it'll have an intake bay and bog for a 3/4 clay bottom. The pond is completed and full but not the filtration. I do have 4 inch airlifts circulating the water. I'm literally ordering my pumps today. I'll have approximately 18-20k GPH not all will be going through the intake or bog. I'm 16 feet at my deepest so I'm going to put a large pump in down there to grab my heavies and send them into my bog. The false bottom will be tapped for the fish emulsion and gravity fed into grow beds I have. It should be very cool if it all works out as planned.
@@johncoaleii1423 How the Hell do you think the Aquascape building became the gargantuan state of the art fortress it is , until I started to get my research started I was assuming it was a Meth lab , that or a counterfeit operation that was better than the Government !!!! Either way the best option for getting extremely rich s work for the extremely filthy rich and sell em everything including the stuff that keeps everything right as rain 🌧️🌧️🌧️🌧️🌧️💰😀💰💰😁💰💰💰😗🪝💰💰💰😁😙💰💰🪝
@@johncoaleii1423 Where did you find milk crates for $1.50?!
Hi from TX. I visited your country and worked on a small sheep station a few years back, "work hard and play harder!" I would like to think you very much for the research you've put into alternative. I think those of us that don't have a deep pocket have looked at alternative, you've certainly set the gold standard! I'm looking at plastic pallets, the type that stack. I'm going to invert the top one and build risers that fit in the supports of each pallet, well that was the plan until you pointed out: "Atlantis Mini Flow Tanks!"
My project will probably be build with local dimensional granite block, going to try to make a stone quarry appearance with bio filtration above and multilevel water falls feeding it. I'm not at the point yet, hopefully it will happen. Thank you from Down Under!!!!
Thanks Eric. We do love to play harder here 😂! I hope your project turns out exactly how you envision it and within your budget. I appreciate your support 🍻👍
Love your videos mate!! Building a pond and filter using two milk crates and some 250mm pvc pipe for my snorkel! I actually went to put my leftover piece of pond liner in today and came up a meter short 🤭😂
Thanks Matt 👍. That sucks about the liner! Been there! I never want to cut mine the stuff is sooo expensive!
Great video! As you asked for feedback: I'm building a large Koi pond in Sweden. Love the Aquascape videos and materials, but there's no way to purchase any over here at a reasonable cost. Will have two intake bays in series, as well as a infinity edge overflowing in a large reservoir. Am using around 100m drainage pipe cut in half, upside down on top of slightly heightened plastic Euro-pallets. This creates a void underneath. The idea is to combine the 2nd intake bay with a gravity fed biofilter all in one, a 15m x 2m long downflow filter with only about 20cm pea gravel on top of the drainage pipe. At the far end, the pumps are fed from underneath the pallets, from there via six 110mm piping back to the main ponds. Cleaning 20 cm of pea gravel after a few years is doable if needed, less so with say 60cm of pebbles or gravel in various grades... This will be our 4th pond :)
That’s awesome Peter. Sounds like you’re all set 👍
@@Ozponds Well, not yet... But one tries to learn from mistakes :) When you are surrounded by oak trees dropping a gazillion leaves and other stuff, you have to get a bit creative to make a pond work nonetheless. But it's an endless learning experience for sure.
Awesome advice as usual. Thanks for all the tips
Happy you thought so 👍
I kept trying all of the stormwater products (and other such products) and they are all taking advantage of the new "conservation and pollution control" concpts with their prices. There are plenty of drink packing palets (Pepsi, milk, and many cartons) that will support a reasonable amount of rock with water retention space galore. They will also hold large amounts of bio-media if that is what you are doing.
Szia! Európából Magyaroszágról nézlek :) Itt ilyen tavakat egyáltalán nem építenek, hanem a költséges szűröberendezéseket, és vegyi anyagokat terjesztik. Pedig ez a megoldás sokkol szebb természetesebb és olcsobb is. Eddig eggyetlen youtube csatorna volt ahol hasonló módon épített tavat mutattak be, és a mátrixok helyett gyümölcsös ládát és műanyag raklapot használtak, tizedébe kerül a mátrixnál ha egyáltalán lehet kapni.
Én is átalakítom a tavacskámat, csak az az 1 csatorna megszünt az infókkal együtt, és így találtam meg a Te csatornádat!
A bilogiai szűröt már megcsináltam ahogy mutattad, már működik is.
Köszi a sok hasznos infót! Remélem errefele is eltejed ez a tóépítési mód...
Magyarországról üdvözlettel: Balázs
I’m happy you found the channel. Good luck with your pond 👍
I'm working on a dry stream bed that gets flow when we have medium to high levels of rain. I used old tomato cage wire and folded it into a box-like structure and placed it at the bottom of my first of several small bog filters that I am installing in the bed. I'll see how it turns out put I expect it will eventually fill up with silt and I'll have to dig it out (or just leave it since it's not going to have regular flow).
Interesting 👍
good show this week kev, i have been collecting plastic bottle crates and the plastic veggie crates from superstores they are quite strong, i have a local farmer with a JCB coming to dig the hole for my pond in the next few weeks, i`ll keep you updated when i have something to show,
That’s awesome mate. Can’t wait to hear how it all comes together 👍
I used a plastic pallet that I found used for $15 and put cinder blocks under it for a small pondless I built for a friend. Been running great for the last couple years. Not sure how much it could hold, but those pallets are rated at 20k pounds on the ground...
Very nice 👍
Such a good topic one that I've tried to brainstorm myself many times
😂 yes. We’ve all lost many an hour 🤔 thinking what am I going to use….
Aquablocks here at $80-$85. So I found some plastic soda bottle crates for free. They hold two large soda bottles and are stackable. They are similar to milk crates but not as much depth. I'll have to play with how to stack them so they are not stacked inside each other. so I'm considering using them as aquablocks in a few places. And will use a few large pipes as well. I'm trying to decide if I want my return lines to be my clean outs or if I want a seperate pipe that's larger below my return lines in a trench. I suppose creating the "aquablocks" as my clean out would work. and have all my regeneration bays/ bog shelves slightly sloped back towards the clean out trench. I just assumed I'd make them seperate until I saw most ppl just clean out the returns. My regeneration zones/ bog shelves are not wide but long so im considering how I'll plumb the returns and clean outs because I want proper distribution of my returns. I'm not going to use pumps for my clean outs I'll be using vacuum tubing to access the clean outs and send all that into a rain barrel in the garden. Our barrels run from $20-55. So some things I'll use 5 gallon bucks instead of the barrels. My large barrels I'll use for the garden and to make a pool vacuum using a shop vac and a rain barrel.
Sounds awesome! 👍
Thank you
You’re welcome. Hope it helped.
newly subbed and love the content, great advice for my up coming natural swim pond project in the uk, recently finished my 6 hole mini golf course project in the backyard, the few water features ive built already are quite small, but the new build will be around 40 ft * 60ft loving the inspiration from your videos for filter and bog set up
Sounds like a magical backyard 👍
I've used the crates and the pallets on mine works great
That’s awesome to know John 👍. Getting lots of feedback that they do the job. That’s going to help lots of people save money 👍
@@Ozponds I also used drainage pipe as my snorkel
Just discovered your channel and really appreciate your tips! One question I had about the Atlantic Flow Tank blocks is their weight bearing capacity? I was really impressed with the load bearing capacity of the Aquablocks. One thing I am considering doing is putting in a rain water harvesting system under my driveway using permeable pavers. I have seen videos of similar installations where a dump truck could drive over it!
I know the ausdrain product I used can have extra bracing added to increase the amount of weight they can take. I’m pretty sure the flo tank is the same. The Atlantic rep I spoke to told me that aquablox are their product rebranded.
I have used milk crates in my bog and intake bay of my turtle pond, but am wanting to do a large pondless stream next. It is great to know I can get a cheaper Aussie made blocks, thanks.
I was very happy to be able to support local manufacturers 👍
Wish I had known this sooner! I bought 5 Atlantic Water Gardens ECOBLOX FastFall Matrix Blocks for $72.99 each for my intake bay for my new pond . The pump vault was $132.86 for my 5,200 gph pump. Yeah it was expensive! Kev, how deep should the intake bay be on a 13’x15’ x 5’ deep pond? Shout out from Quantico Virginia! ❤️🇺🇸
The depth doesn’t really matter. You just want to make sure that you have a shallow/ narrow area that will create that surface pull or tension. Then you just need the bay to be able to hold a minimum of 1 minutes worth of water but it doesn’t matter if this is oversized. I would say if you have too much water over the vault it makes maintenance more tricky.
hey mate... i have used for skimmer , form the big green shop... stormwater pits... and just put levels using egg creates... levels holding different course sponges/filter sponge ...
Nice 👍
I have 35 milk crates in the ground, will let you know how it turns out once I am able to move the last bit of dirt and put on some rocks. Right now it's covered in snow. I bought a pond liner, pump, and crates for less than $500, I'll need to total it all up soon to know exactly. Plan is two drops and one small pool area, pondless waterfall. Pump worked in the hole I dug well. The crates are lined up 7 long by 5 across so you can imagine the dimensions of my hole. Hoping I know what I'm doing, if watching youtube teaches you anything I've learned tons xD
Edit - Got a vivosun 1600 for $53 (83 now, it was on sale), a 20mil 7x10 foot pond liner for $19, and a pump bag for $6.80. I paid 3.50 each for the crates after a long search, 122.50.
I paid around $200 total, 202 or so if we're getting picky.
I really should get a vault, but instead I just punched out the side of one of the crates a bit for the tubing/wiring and will remove the crate if I run into issues later, then will put in a proper vault and a new pump if needed. I got rocks from a friend's backyard that were in a pile, as well as rocks around my house already so no cost there.
That’s awesome. Can’t wait to hear how it turns out 👍
What plants would you recommend to be planted into gravel submerged but growing out above the line of the water. In the uk. Temps go as low to around 0oC for 3-4 months and the rest is between 10 and 30 oC
That’s not to dissimilar to my temps here in Oz. I like to use upright milfoil but I’m not sure if that’s available in the UK.
You pons looks so awesome. It makes my pond look awful 😂
I’m sure your pond is lovely. 👍
Great ideas! Thank you!
Hi Kev , great to know that there are less expensive alternatives. I bought a milk crate to make a shelf in my one depth pond to plant some marginals on. My idea was that the fish could swim into them and have somewhere to hide. However when I looked again at the crate and saw how much my fish have grown I dont think that is a good idea anymore. Some of the holes are big enough but many are really small. Do you think the fish would get stuck? Perhaps I could put something around the crate to stop them getting inside? Your thoughts would be much appreciated please.😊
If you wanted to stop them, you could wrap the crate in something like geotextile or shade cloth. Or you could cut them a larger hole so it’s like a cave.
Another great video love the channel 👍👍
Thanks mate👍
Another great video. Thanks Kev. Has the blue dye eased up a bit since it’s been a while
Thanks guys. The pond still has a blue to it. We haven’t had any real rain for months so the only water transfer has been evaporation. I will be keeping it this colour though, just not over doing it next time 😂
Hi Kev. I have another question ( thanks in advance-in the bog building phase and am seeking your expertise.!)
My bog is 2 ft deep( liner in). I have read many other places to have no more than 12 inches of rock. Should I create a false bottom? ( i'll probably use milk crates as I can't find what your reco'ed atlantis mini flow tanks) I figure I'd bring the bottom up so the distance between the gravel and the top of the pond is onlya few inches. Or is 20 inches of gravel ok?
I’ve used over 3ft of rock and pebble before, no problem. A false bottom is great though! It helps store muck and makes cleaning and flushing much easier.
Thank you!
I'd love to see how the olive barrels( the clean outs ) are attached to the pipe.
I just cut the holes as close to the shape as possible and pushed them in. Then everything is anchored securely with the cobble sized rock.
Thanks Kev! I keep returning to your pages/ videos for frugal advice.
Hi Kev, I have a large koi pond that I built last year and I used milk crates for my intake bay. The pond is 14x23 x 5.5 in depth . The intake bay works great and my pond is crystal clear. I’d like to send you a video of the pond but it looks like I can’t on here.
Sounds great. Would be nice if we could share photos and vids on TH-cam.
Question.... for underlayment. I'm wondering what order to lay things down if I have underlayment felt, sand and a gorilla bottom and liner. Should my sand be above the felt and gorilla bottom? Should gorilla bottom be on the bottom, then sand then felt? Or if I get a gorilla bottom do I skip the sand? I want extra protection. My pond is a formal shape, rectangle so my thought was use gorilla bottom for extra protection since they don't cost too much. That or lots of sand I'm just thinking the sand is supposed to go on top of something so it stays in place.
If it was me I’d just do one or the other. All 3 serve the same purpose (Protect the liner from punctures).
I just bought 250 brand new heavy duty milk crates. I bought them off a guy closing convenience stores for 1.50 a piece. I figure it's worth the gamble. I haven't built it yet still gathering supplies
I’d love to hear how it turns out.
Great advice & video 👍thx ⚾️
I don't understand why the aquablox are needed for a negative edge setup. Rocks are free and easy to move in the rare event you need to take out the pump. Help me understand?
Rick limit the amount of water the reservoir will hold. A negative edge needs a very large reservoir to account for evaporation losses and water in motion if power goes out.
I am using milk crates I bought from farmplas there super crates are $14usd each and hold i belive it is 2000lbs or 2500 still solid there is a lot of diy users going the pallet or milk crates rout
Nice 👍
Thank you 🙏
Anytime 👍
Did the big rocks in the bottom of your bog work out well? I cannot seem to find anything for sale other than the Ecoblox water matrix for around 60-70$ US. Even the Olive barrels are difficult to find for under $45.
The bogs with no blocks are going great. It’s only been 18months I still haven’t done a full drain and flush. Just a few partial drains.
@@Ozponds Thanks, since it is working well, I will set it up the same.
Brilliant video 👌 I really want too build a water feature with too great big pots I have, but Im trying too figure out where I can house the pump, I understand there's pump vaults but their crazy money ! I see that you using an olive barrel, is there any others you can recommend, I need it too be safe also coz I have kids 👍
Sorry I haven’t tried anything else. You could use culvert pipe and cap it off. Won’t be as cheap as the barrels but would be stronger.
Great video quality on this one mate!👌 I know that it's not financially responsible to make a business from helping people make affordable ponds; but what about if you concentrated on things like growing fish and aquatic plants that you could sell for people with ponds or people building one?
You said you run a nursery, so I'm sure branching out into niche plants, especially ones that could be easily freighted or even picked up could be an option? I'm from VIC and would love to visit your set-up and even buy some plants or fish if you offered them.
Also don't forget that your experience and knowledge is also a product, and you could write e-books and/or workshops to help bring some $ in! ( Just get the website re-launched as it's not mobile friendly, and is full of annoying adverts). Hope this helps, happy to help out wherever possible 🙏👍
Thanks Nigel. I’m not sure what you mean when you say it’s not financially responsible to make a business from helping people make affordable ponds. This is my hobby. I just have ads and a donation option to help cover my time and costs. I don’t think I’m close to breaking even yet 😂. I’m a recluse by nature my nursery is wholesale so I don’t interact with people much at all. I like doing the videos and writing articles so I can help people like me create a pond that fits their budget. I’m having fun breeding some fish at the moment but I’m not interested in selling them. I’d just give them away to people that have been supportive, same with plants. Maybe one day this hobby will turn into something more but I’m not going to force it. Appreciate you caring 👍
@@Ozponds that's so nice of you. I think he meant if you plan to turn your hobby into an income, those are things you could do.
Hey been a member of channel for some time. Really like all your videos and information entailed! I have slowly been working on a swimming pond for awhile a little at a time. It's a current pond and has been there since property was purchased several decades ago. Possible to communicate with you directly with my ideas and your input? Thanks!
You can contact me via the website. I do charge $100 for personal advice just to cover my time spent.
I just dont get how your shallow area rocks dont turn green. I dont get string algae but the rocks lose their color even though the water is crystal clear.
Try flipping the rocks over.
The reason why Aquascape use the Aquablox is not for bigger surface area for the microbes. Its because you get a higher water volume where the fast water from the pump slows down and small particles can easy sediment. They dont want particles reach the rocks so you can back flush it mutch better. This doesnt matter if you have small fish, but with big kois it is.
th-cam.com/video/yVkxw-xQU8g/w-d-xo.html
Makes perfect sense. I think if you’re pulling water from the intake bay it’s already pre filtering, even breaking down those larger sediments that would potentially clog the wetland/bog. I remember Ed showing off a project from 20+ years ago before they used aquablox and the system was still going strong. I do have one pump pulling off the bottom and going to one of the bogs/ wetland filters, this is to experiment just how long it will take for it to clog or if it will, should be interesting. But I do agree if it’s within the budget it makes perfect sense to slow down the water as much as possible to allow even tiny sediments to settle out. Kenans pond is awesome I really enjoyed watching the build. Imagine if he had used the Atlantic flo tanks how much money he would have saved. And if you are Chris from aquascape I love your work 👍
@@Ozponds I am not Chris vom aquascape. I am only someone like you. Someone who build his own DIY pond. Here in germany aquascape products not longer available, but you are totaly right. It's easy to build these concept with other products, so maybe its good that they are not longer available and i can save a lot money. So thanks for inspiration.
Here someone uses plastic palets instead of aquablox: th-cam.com/video/9Vb0tU4WKzs/w-d-xo.html
Nothing that i can find in the UK. Flo-Tank seems tto be Ausralia only...
😞
My cheap ass used a bunch of plastic milk crates, with about 1 1/2' of rock on top of them I can walk on them no problem.
Awesome 👍👍
Not sure where you live Kev but have you looked at soakwells? They are used a lot in WA..
Thanks Brad, I’m in Victoria and hadn’t heard of them. That’s going to help others 👍 it’s always good to have different search terms to type into google 👍
Probably a silly question but do you need to run the pumps 24 hrs a day or can you run them just during daylight hrs?
@@Brad-lt4lw in a fish pond it’s a good idea to keep the pumps running 24/7. Of course it is possible to create a successful fish pond without pumps, it’s just harder to maintain awesome water clarity. Pondless systems you can turn on and off whenever you please.
Drain cells are dirt cheap and I think they could a great alternative for aquablox.
If you give it a go let us know 👍
@@Ozponds I have used them as undergravel filter in my 100 gallon fish tank.
I live in Belgium which is famous for beer. So I used beer crate.
😂 love it! 🍻👍
Thanks for this! The aqua blocks are stupid $$$$. Do you know of anyone who retails these in the USA?
The Atlantic flo tanks are distributed globally.
@@Ozponds Thanks, I'll keep looking! I've been busy watching your videos. Learning all I can to rebuild build to a large koi pond.
My 1st thought was "milk crates" but I am a cheap bastard.
i wish you found EPDM for half the price in Australia
Me too!
Now we just need someone to manufacture cheaper rocks..
😃
Hi Kev ! Did you do the online training from aquascape ?
Only the free stuff. I can’t afford the in-depth stuff. Im sure it’s good. I paid to attend pondomonium one year which was good. When Covid hit I thought I might like to become a contractor. But I get so nervous when I need to talk to people so I decided to just stick to my wholesale nursery. Why do you ask?
@@Ozponds ok good ! A did the same free stuff and I'm asking question about the potential from the others. As you have a lot of info (like free water flow needed in front of the intake bay) I supposed that you had access to additional content.
I am french and we have nothing similar localy ! I am also deeply passionate and I am tented to enter in this business following these model.
And congratulation you're doing an amazing work. It's inspiring
No most of this stuff you can learn for free if you consume enough content.
Hey mate I made a bog filter inspired by you for my fish pond but I'm getting really slow flow. I have a pretty strong pump and I'm not exactly sure why sometimes a lot of water comes out and sometimes it just trickles out could you help me out?
Where is the pump located? Is it full of debris? That’s usually the cause of decreased flow.
@@Ozponds it has a massive sponge attached to it prevent sucking in leaves but I just cleaned it yesterday still very slow flow. I think it's the actual bog filter as the output is just a 25mm bulkhead fitting
I like to increase the outflow as compared to the inflow. For example if I have 32mm coming in I have 50mm going out. But if what you are saying that if your pump is pumping in a large volume of water but a low volume is coming out…where is the excess water going? It’s gotta go somewhere. The only other thing I can think of is that the inflow pipe is too small, although even that doesn’t make any sense if you experience high flow at certain times.
Yeah I agree it's only a 25mm outflow pipe the excess water just stays in the container and like every hour some air gets like drains I don't know but then a ton of water comes out at once it's definitely not leaking just probably got to upgrade the outflow
That is so weird. I’ve never experienced such things. I would be checking how the inflow is configured also. It sounds like you e got some kind of back pressure going on. Also remember bogs work best with slow flows. Any excess water can be directed over the surface of the bog.
🐠🐟🐠🐟
🍻👍
I have considered Milk Crates as an Alternative to the Expensive Aquablox.
And the Drainage Pipes as a alternative to the expensive Centipede. 👍
1:08
"Tight asses"?
Did you know? There is a direct correlation between "thumb curvature" and generosity. People with straight thumbs that have little or no curvature are STINGY. People with thumbs that can arch backward are generous.
It's kind of a useless comment. But it does feed the algorithm monster. I hit the thumbs up....AGAIN.
Thanks.
😂 🤔 hmmm. I actually have a bendy thumb…that can’t be right! But me and the algorithm appreciate your offering 😉👍
@Ozponds
Oh bull.... You SHARE so much information. Being frugal is being SMART. It's not the same as stingy.