16 Linux Tips in 10 Minutes
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 27 ก.ค. 2024
- 16 Linux Tips in 10 Minutes
Let's go over as many linux tips as we can as fast as we can. These are tips you all should know, but there will probably be a couple new ones in here. I also add bonus tips throughout. Timestamps below
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00:00 Introduction
00:50 Killing Processes
01:26 htop
02:04 system-monitor
02:43 bind hotkeys
03:28 use workplaces
04:05 SSH Usage
05:27 Remote Access Programs
06:08 Uptime Command
06:34 Check Your Linux Version
07:01 Neofetch
07:17 TTY Black Screen
08:25 cmatrix
09:07 Auto-Mount Drives
10:39 UUID - BLKID
10:53 List Drives
11:24 sudo !!
12:02 Aliases
13:20 Conclusion
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ctrl + a - move cursor to beginning of line in terminal
ctrl + e - move cursor to end of line in terminal
thx you ctrl e is saving my life
Thank you my keyboard shortcut warrior!
With this I shall rule the world!
Fn+left. (right) combination also works for same..😋
^p and ^n for previous and next line, ^w to kill last word, ^y to yank last word (yes, cut and paste work in the terminal, without the mouse, but don't share the mouse kill buffer).
ctrl u to delete the whole line, ctrl t to switch places of the 2 last letters behind the cursor, ctrl shift c/v to copy and paste in the terminal; obv there are more shortcuts.
also you can write to a file without opening it using "echo banana > file.txt" the > symbol will delete all in the file and write what you want, you can append with >>.
you can use the output of a command as a command itself by entering the command in "$(command)" and you can redirect standard output in standard input with the | symbol (e.g find banana | grep something).
these are just some useful tricks to do stuff in a faster way
Just switched to Linux and want to say that your channel helps a lot!
Which distro
@@b3nisrael I use CentOS
Congratulations!
Me too
Same here, btw i use arch
Pipe, Pipe, Pipe! Most powerful feature on Linux, shouldn't have missed that one 😋
When you press F5 in htop you get a process tree, too.
or you can change it permanently from it's settings
@@luimuI cam here looking for this comment and I was not disappointed
far freakin out, man!
Pressing "t" does the same thing
There's also the pstree command.
Good tips for beginners!
Maybe add:
- locate / find to search for files
- rsync for nice backups / more comfortable way to copy files
- du -m | sort -n or baobab to see what takes up how much space on the disk (when you need to clean up)
- grep to search inside of files
- ip r to find out IP of the router
- ping to see if machine on the network / internet is reachable
- traceroute maybe?
- xprop to find out more about an opened window
- lsof maybe in order to see which processes access a file?
- chown / chmod maybe?
- history
- apropos / man
- diff maybe
- loginctl in case the session seems frozen?
- watch
....
I'm sure there are a lot more and a lot better examples but they don't come to my mind right now :)
Thanks, i found du -m | sort -n especially helpful
@@henrikjoesalu9756 glad I could help :)
this is a good list. lsof, loginctl and IP r for the win!
Didnt know about the sudo !!
Used the up arrow went at the beginning and typed sudo.
Thx 👍
Its work in every command 5he !!
Is just print whatever you print before
Lets say you want to change to a directory but you forget to put cd in the start
You can just type cd ! ! And it will work
@@xrafter thx man, appreciate it 🙋♂️
I haven't relied on a terminal since the days of DOS.
This one tip has saved me from being "That GUI Guy".
Using the up arrow and typing sudo at the beginning of the line is quick too, if you go to the beginning of the line using Ctrl+a. In some shells the Home key works as well. Ctrl+e takes you to the end of the line, by the way.
I don't know what's hot about sudo !!. I just do Up Home then type "sudo", or alternatively Up Ctrl-A also works as well. That works just fine and uses just as many keypresses. Additionally, it previews the command you're about to run, so much less risky than !!
It also fits better with Ctrl-R (reverse-i-search), which !! can't really do.
'ctrl + r' to search previously entered commands. Very helpful when command has huge no of [options] associated with it..
Increase the bash_history to have more ctrl+R ❤️
@@mercuriete any way to autocomplete [Options] using tab key... ??
@@AnujRaool you have to install bash-completion but i think is already installed in most distros
packages.ubuntu.com/search?keywords=bash-completion
But that completion is different than ctrl+R
and the history command
@@AnujRaool I use fish and it have it by default
>dd and binwalk - for working with unknown binary file formats
>ffmpeg - anything about video/audio encoding/decoding
>imagemagick - image editing
>mathomatic - calculator
>tmux - multitasking
>strace and ltrace - debugging
>watch - monitoring things (like output of sensors or nvidia-smi)
>lsusb, lspci, lsmod and dmesg - figuring out hardware/driver issues
Gosh, I loved this video. I sure wish you'd make more videos like this. Now, this one really helps me. I see how to do the aliases which I would love to do. Then, I had never seen the CNTRL + ALT + F1 and then F7. In the Linux class that I took at a community college, useful stuff like this wasn't covered. Also, how you showed the Automounting helped. I watched your video, but it was quite a while ago. I hope there is an app to help you quickly handle the automounting syntax, but (yes) I should learn it too. However, thanks for this video. It was really, really, really helpful.
FYI htop also shows processes in tree form
Its "htop -t"
You can make alias htop to run htop -t
And htop tree shows full path of process instead of just name so its pretty useful when I'm using python virtial environments. I knw exactly which python process is to quit.
Learned a few thing there, thanks, including some surprisingly basic things, like shortcut for system monitor instead of htop, sudo !!, and even combination of lsblk and then blkid! In particular the ctrl-alt F7 to get back to normal window after mucking in tty.
I love these top videos. I switched to Linux fully around 6-7 months ago and I challenge myself to learn something new at least a few times a week. Alias’ for directories is an awesome idea. Idk why I never thought of that lol
This was a fantastic vid. I learned a lot here. More info on. Commands such as editing the prompt to look good, or, the sudo !!
Thanks for making these videos fun. Your awesome. I have first time moved over from win 8 to Linux mint and all your videos really help. There are other content creators but honestly they are a bore to watch. You rock amigo. Keep it up. 👍
I did not know about !! thats gonna save me time from all the sily spelling mistakes. Also I use bashtop rather than htop as its a slightly more user friendly terminal monitoring tool. Thanks again for the great tips
Random useful tip that I like:
When I compile stuff from github that is not available in my repos, then I use "sudo checkinstall --install=no" first instead of "sudo make install" to be able to easily remove the github stuff through my favourite package manager. (Usefull for when sudo make uninstall does not work properly)
Why even install software globally if you do not have to? If I can run something in place I do. I'll just make a script to launch it and put that on my personal path. Learn to live in your home directory. Then crap won't get shotgun scattered all throughout your OS.
A fun little thing about that TTY bit: It's just a "virtual" console. Linux can manage dozens of these things, and if you're sitting at a Linux install in your DE right now, you're already logged into a TTY. You can do anything here you could do anywhere else, including typing startx to get into your UI. Even when you already have your DE up and running in a different TTY! Meaning you can have multiple users logged in different TTYs, or even the same user for that matter.
Back in Ye Olde Days people would connect to different TTYs over serial to interact with the system. This is how deep in the roots of Linux the whole multi-user thing is. On my server, I actually run the UI session in one TTY while server terminal apps are running in others. It means I can log in and out of any user I want in the UI, open a bazillion console instances there to do whatever I need to, all while my server software is just quietly humming away in the background, probably tucked away in a tmux instance, completely unconcerned.
...And I'm just a novice, I can't imagine what people who have a better grasp of linux can do with this kind of flexibility.
Please make more of these videos Chris.. Love your channel :)
Hi Chris,
Thanks a lot! For me as a beginner, this is very helpful. I've learned a lot from your videos. Thanks for sharing your knowledge and improve others people life!
Chris previous video "I hate vlc"
Chris next video "I'm gonna show you, how to murder vlc, aka kill."
Followed by "F STAB"!!
LMAO 😂🤣
genfstab -u >>> /etc/fstab
He probably has a alias and hotkey to kill VLC
Loved the sudo !!
Gee your knoledge of Linux is amazing many commands you show here are over my present comprehension level but very interresting to learn about. thanks for sharing
I like the history command, also when i search for something i ran and can't really remember, i just pipe it through grep, very powerful and simple.
Then you can just do "!xxx" where xxx is the history number to repeat that command.
@@imoldovan wow
Excellent tip. The specific command line would be "history | grep SEARCH_TERM", and then "!NN" where NN is the number of the history entry.
I love "history" but is there a way to show what date you ran a particular command?
Awesome!! I loved cmatrix!
Nice summary of important concepts. Saves new users some googling and forum scouring.
Excellent! Very well done!
I love your 14 minute video on Linux tips under 10 minutes.
Thanks man sudo!! This is this very helpful ❤️
This is very useful indeed. Thanks for that ! Cheers
Chris, now that I'm actually paying attention, I now seen how to make the fancy prompt. Too bad I missed that older video. Guess I need to go back and watch all your videos. Thanks for your great tips. (Plus I enjoy your occasional sarcasms) ;-)
Great tips, your videos are very helpful. Thank you!
Thanks Chris! Great stuff!
You are rising rapidly! It seems like you nearly get almost 1K subs every day. I wish you will reach 1M subs by this year.
sudo !! was probably made in pure sheer anger lol.
_"GOD DAMMIT DO I HAVE TO SUDO EVERYTHING YOU SONOFABI-"_
Ctrl-D to exit ssh or terminals
I found it super usefull
"sudo dmidecode | less" is fantastic, I had to teardown my laptop to read some products names before I knew about this one
sudo !! Awesomeee! Thanks man!
An empty SPACE in front of a command makes it skip the BASH history.
Perfect to do some housekeeping of your bash history 'as you type'.
Because my absolute favourite is CTRL + R to turn the BASH history into an autocomplete interactive session.
Nyc tips.. Thanks for the tip about sudo !!
I often pipe to more for reading longer instructions or large list of files like " ls /etc/ | more " or " ffmpeg -help | more "
My NYC tip is don't stare at the tall buildings but rather the sidewalk. You never know what's on it. Plus everyone knows you're a yokel if you're staring at the tall buildings.
@@1pcfred hmm 👍
Thank you Chris for sudo !!
Thanks for all the tips... many I did not know!
wow this was the full enchilada. great job.
A few more:
$ ps afx
shows the full tree of your processes in the terminal
$ df -h
shows sizes and available space on all mounted devices
$ free -h
shows memory status (but the same information is available in top too)
and couple pushd/popd allow jumping from directory to directory and return back
Awesome video learned a lot thank you very much!!!!
Fantastic video!
This video is gold, and also is its comments
Sweet! I learned a few things here or there!
For auto-mounting drives instead of editing fstab directly I just use gnome-disks utility and edit the mount options. Makes auto unencrypting drives easy as well so I only need to remember my bootup drive password and I can keep the rest in Bitwarden in case I forget them
I use that too, way easier than CLI.
I used that too, until once smth went wrong with that gui stuff, fstab is must know thing for linux users
Over my head but fascinating to watch.
Thx for the Videos. Greetings from Germany.
And yes, why did you not list the best shortcut ever: using the TAB key ;)
I'd like to see someone do a video on how to display a remote machine's GUI locally. Maybe, an entire video showing the setting up of ssh and the firewall and executing a remote machine's browser that display's locally. Thank you:)
The most important Linux tip in my opinion: use timeshift or something like that. Tinkering is a great way to learn, but when you inevitably mess things up, it's nice to be able to restore a snapshot.
Timeshift on btrfs is the least intrusive snapshot you could ever use. Instantaneous with no performance impact. +1
I don't mess computers up. In the 30+ years I've been running them it's only happened like once. OK there was that time when I was setting up a parallel libc but I knew that was going to go bad. I did get that to work eventually too. I wanted to run KDE on Slackware and at the time Slack did not support glibc2. I was not going to run Red Hat either! You're pink to Bob.
Excellent!
This is excellent thank you very much
Thank you titus you help new user
fantastic idea for a video, something like that I was looking for. make more parts! txt
Another good video! Some things I use quite frequently:
scp to copy files to/from remote systems
wget to download files via http
tar, gzip, bzip2 for working with archives
ln for making links
vim
the AUR
bashtop
wireshark
Shell scripts - more of an advanced topic
Less often:
tcpdump - only for servers without a GUI, otherwise I use wireshark
lsmod
sendmail
ok, this sudo !! thing blew my mind. I knew this exact command had to exist, but could never find the syntax for it and always just retyped the command
Excellent video, switched to Linux about a year ago. I have watched a lot of videos and gotten a lot of tips. I have to say there were 3 or 4 I did not know. Thank you. One question: What is the CLI command for the system monitor in debian?
Great video, just saved it on "Sistemas Linux" so I can use it later.
High Chris, really nice videos ! If you are looking for a subject for one of your next video. I'm still struggling (and I sure I'm not the only one) to securely "automount" my NAS device (Synology as well) with fstab. Maybe it will worth a 10min explanation video.
make a part two
and
ctrl + d to exit the terminal.
Or CTRL+Q or ALT+F4
@@jakemoody388 Ctrl + d actually sends EOF and is independent of your DE
@@jakemoody388 those shortcuts are dependent on your DE and Terminal Emulator.
@@yuvaldahan642 Great tip!
Great tip!
So good, thank you
I'd like to see you do some videos on the following:
Bash
Doing bash scripts with IF statements, which can make them have selections and help modes. like typing the name of the script with the typical ---h after it. I use bash for many things, but mostly to ssh into two different local computers all of the time, and notes on samba and terminal use. These bash scripts are in the path, so they can be called up just like a command, like "linux terminal" calls up my notes on commands used in the terminal. I used "linux terminaledit" to edit that file to put in the tip you gave on the Matrix screen. The ssh command is "s lucid" for may machine lucid and "s dragon" for my machine called dragon. Both are the same bash script, but the $1 string to call up different computers. This is the same with my "linux terminal" or "linux samba" call up is the same bash script that can call up 5 different sets of notes with one script or edit any one of them in nano. Before doing a script, make sure it isn't a command already on the computer.
CRON
Use of the cron directories to run scripts to back things up. I know you did the command line cron, but these can run whole scripts, which wouldn't fit on a command line. Also these scripts can write the run status to a file, like did it work and how.
LOCAL
Also I see people advice others to "ssh 192.168.0.41", when they could do "ssh lucid.local" (where lucid is the computer name and local makes ssh look it up in your router) to do the same thing on the local network. That is much easier to remember. Also doing
ssh -X lucid.local will make it so you can pull up things like the file or web browsers as a GUI. Dragon has my folding on it for the Cronavirus, and it is in the other room. I can see what the status without leaving my man cave by typing s dragon, which does the ssh -X dragon.local command. Then I pull up Firefox.
Aliases are easier than doing scripts. if it is a one line command. I got tiered of typing in "echo $PATH" so now it's just path, an alias, which is easier to remember than "echo $PATH." I have no idea where they got the idea to make it more complicated than just typing in path.
Also launchers and places in the task bar.
A cool tip on the command line is if you want to clear the line you hit ctrl-k from the beginning of the prompt.
#> I just typed a bunch of junk and want to start over.
Home Key, Ctrl-k
Wow indeed it's really very nice 👍
hit the key and go to first of the line
&
hit the key and to go to end of the line :)
If you are in the tty, you can hold alt + arrowkey right or left to cycle trough them.
Since you mention cmatrix, I would like to recommend sl. It's a funny little thing for when you mistype ls. That way there's no mistakes, just happy accidents.
I liked the htop and killing processes. I couldn't figure out how to do that yesterday so I restated my computer.
Great tips; I add my aliases at this location. ~/.bash_aliases so I don't have to clutter my .bashrc and just have one place for all my aliases. Only tip I can think of is the virtual keyboard. Where your actual keyboard is on a blink or some keys just don't work, where you have to replace your keyboard. But if you don't have a spare around or just have to get what every you have to do to finish up a project. For the time being you can bring up your virtual keyboard to continue typing without a real keyboard. Lot of people don't know about this. Which my is call onboard to bring up my virtual keyboard. hopefully those keys work for you or at least your hotkeys can bring it up for the time being. My hotkeys are set as Ctrl + T(continue typing). As long your mouse works, you can continue to type with your virtual keyboard. Even go to the menu with your mouse to bring up the onboard application to continue to type, if your real keyboard is on the blink.
10:22 '' I can access all my *images that I use ''........I saw that laugh at the end lol.
Bashtop. If you really want to impress your friends. It just looks pretty awesome
Nice one
In Terminal xkill lets you kill a process without needing to know its official name. Type xkill & enter, then click the window of the process (e.g. vlc) you want to stop.
Nice to see most of these now looking familiar,
Liked aliases, would like more on sym links with there use,
How can we automate different open windows when we want more than one in one workspace, say two vertically or horizontally arranged or two horizontal and half screen with third.
I need them in google classroom where the website itself is so annoying and not user friendly. One feature I am looking at is the ability two first have two windows vertically arranged and then I can use a hotkey with left and right arrow to move the centre line separating the windows left or right without having to move each of them to divide say 1:3 of the full screen.
goddamn it, just switched to Linux last week, needed this for a work related stuff and you vid just popped in 2 min later, wtf! 🤣🤣
"xkill" and click what you want to kill :) also F5 in Htop gives you tree view
You youngin's be lazy. In the olden days we had to do a ps -aux | grep to find the process number and then do the kill -9 to take care of those hung processes.
Great canal. Linux forever.
You really should make a video about autofs. It takes a little work to set up but I think it's a lot slicker than using fstab
I did learn something from this video. BTW, a easier way to find the UUID of a disk / partition would be: ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid/
I hate UUID. I am not even keen on naming disks s without a real SCSI interface. I like the old h naming scheme the best. I miss hda. But UUID really disgusts me. It is so butt farging ugly! Whoever came up with it must run around wearing mismatched socks and two left shoes. They have not one shred of elegance about them.
An extra interesting tool that replaces noMachine for Linux. Its x2go. Its a fork by the times NoMachine was open source. It is very easy to set up and use.
nvtop is a good one to know if you’re doing any CUDA stuff
Best tip for Linux .
If it works for you don't mess with it .
Only applied to production machines in my opinion - because messing with things can be a great way to learn :)
If it works, you make it work even better*
@@mariozenarju6461 If it aint broken, don't (try) to fix it
@@rotflol6666 Nah. That's how things develop and grow. Everything can always work better than it currently does, even if the current state is to some people perfect. For example, Liquorix Kernel + governor set to performance + KDE Plasma with both the shell and compositor killed = A pretty damn good Steam machine
For SSH, I use Asbru that replaced PAC manager. Love it. Like mputty.
5:10 n i c e subnet
I dont need uptime . I made neofetch start up everytime time i open a Terminal.
Chris: 0:05
Me: watching video length
Also me: You can't dear 😔
why the "-9" in killall -9 appname? searched the command and -9 doesn't appear anywhere as a variable/additional term (dunno how to say it)
-9 specifies a "SIGKILL" signal to the process, forcing it to stop, you can read more on the man page of killall and here www.computerhope.com/unix/signals.htm
Thanks a lot.
Systemd.automount
www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/systemd.automount.html
If you put systemd.automount in fstab the mounting is posponed to the first usage of the filesystem.
For example if you do automount in your net fs, It won't block the boot and It will be mounted after you do a ls folder.
We can call it "on demand mounting" if you wish.
Rather than aliases, I've used bash scripts in ~/Custom Scripts, with symbolic links in the proper root directory.
Aliases with a sed script(for any time I may want to change out my OS or upgrade my storage drive) might be a nice alternative.
It usefull, thx.
try pkill instead of killall! Always pivot to root from another user on another machine, don't permit root login on ssh also gets you an audit trail on the other machine.
Did you know about jump? Perhaps you don't need a big CD alias but just a magic CD command that jumps to previously cd'd directories based on a fuzzy search.
Install jump, set it up and type in j pi to jump to for example your pictures folder from anywhere if you've previously cd'd into it. It will basically keep a history of directory structures. And uses fuzzy search for those directories.
For example I type j dev to go to my Development folder that I have in my home folder
$_ expands to the argument of the last command
can’t get what reason to use fstab which for now like template for fstab-generator (or what name of that thing...) instead using .mount (and automouunt) units directly?
Hi Chris, thanks a lot for your tips as always! Some times my Linux Mint just freezes with no responses to any keys or mouse movement. Do you have any keys combinations to restart Linux at once? Cheers.
@gilkesisking Cheers bro! You are a gentleman! :)
@gilkesisking thanks a lot once again! Just tried and it works just fine! God bless!
@gilkesisking cheers bro! Will listen for sure these Linux-Gods! :)))