I had one of those levitating desk toys growing up. Mine had LEDs built in that were driven by the spinning of the toy, so it never needed batteries and would illuminate with bright red stripes when spun. The setup you've engineered is pretty awesome!
To straighten a shaft in a lathe : spin at around 500rpm. Start with about a hands width protruding from the chuck. Check for wobble and pull the bar towards you. You will feel the bar vibrate as you pull the bar past centre slightly. Do it the right amount and you will overcome the tensile strength of the material just enough for it to remain on center. Pull the rod out another hands width and repeat. Always check by rolling the bar on a known flat surface. Wet hands for extra lubrication.
Ummm, or just use a dial indicator. My old boss taught me the quickest way to get something roughed in is to use a sharpie and brush the high spot as object spins. Benn a machinist for about thirty years. His best bet is to cut off the shaft , drill out the center, and bush it for a new shaft. Pity it warped on him.
May be it would have been better to use a bad, unstraight axis and achieve higher rpm than resonance. After resonance frequency rotor would balance itself. With bad axis resonance frequency is lower so it is easier to overcome
I wish this video was available, when I studied electrical engineering. It would have made understanding the concept a lot easier. This is hands down the best explanation of how a full bridge rectifier works, I've have seen. It's rare to see someone who can simplify things so that they are understandable yet not simplified so far that they are essentially wrong. Great job.
The common name is "full-wave rectifier" (FWR). A lot of power is lost in the diodes of an FWR. Transistors can be used instead of diodes with much less loss. This is called a synchronous rectifier.
It's pretty close to that at 13:10. Notice how it starts wobbling as the motor stops, I think that's due to uneven braking resonating with the magnetic bearing.
Throw in a mechanism to drag start it like a lawn mower to juice up with extra spinning power, throw on optical rpm counter to know how much energy is in the system at any one moment, and measure the braking current, figure out the force and efficiency of the braking. Bonus. Make a small electric engine for spinning up the disc, charge up a capacitor for braking after it's hit max rpm and use the capacitor to run the electric motor again. Figure out the roundtrip efficiency of the energy storage system from the drop in rpm
as someone without an engineering background but very interested in it, these visualisations of basic electrical concepts are really great !! Very easy to understand and nice to look at :)
5:52 - You must be pronouncing FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER incorrectly, the camera didn't shake. BTW, with a flywheel, the energy stored depends on the mass and speed. If you make another wheel, thin down the centre, and concentrate the mass on the outer edge, you will be able to store more energy without increasing the total mass.
Lot of mass is not a big problem if your flywheel is levitating. Thinner centre might not make much difference , but it would require additional work to be machined. And your right. It's pronounced "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER" and not "full bridge rectifier"
In 1995, I was a young "lad" just visiting a foreign country (England, London) for the first time, and wouldn't you know, the device displayed @ 1:38 had me captivated. I was only 15, but between this device and some lego's before a trip to Bath... amazing life experience. My grandmother took me and for some odd, but likely predictable reason, this kind of video triggers in me a great sense of appreciation. I wish you the best Tom. Lots of love and admiration for your efforts. I just hope you spend a fraction of a time wondering what some of your viewers have experienced... because it's pretty damn amazing to share these kinds of experiences.
akshualley he was referring to the amount of work saved him by such a flywheel perpetual motion engine which he had named the ''Toil IT'' but which isnt for sale
6:21 notice the arrangement of the diodes, and the source and load. You can use a bridge to protect the input of your project from reverse polarity, If the battery was installed "the correct way" the power would flow properly. If the battery was installed "the wrong way" the power would STILL flow properly. Unfortunately, there is some voltage loss. Bridges typically use diodes that lose 0.7V each, so 2 * 1.5 = 3V loses possibly 1.4V If you build you own bridge using Schottky diodes the loss is less 0.3 to 0.4V. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottky_diode Note: I previously referred to 4 diodes, which is incorrect
@@albertboaduameyaw8659 6:21 notice the arrangement of the diodes, and the source and load. You can use a bridge to protect the input of your project from reverse polarity, If the battery was installed "the correct way" the power would flow properly. If the battery was installed "the wrong way" the power would STILL flow properly. Unfortunately, there is some voltage loss. Bridges typically use diodes that lose 0.7V each, so 2 * 1.5 = 3V loses possibly 1.4V If you build you own bridge using Schottky diodes the loss is less 0.3 to 0.4V. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottky_diode Note: I previously referred to 4 diodes, which is incorrect
It is a great experiment, I loved it! Just a quick note: The higher the current you take from de alternator, the faster your flywheel will stop spinning. You will not be able to take much continuos current from it, but is pretty amazing how it works!
@@gabiono7965 That line of thinking is what led me to this video. Trying to conceptualize worthwhile power storage for smaller scale wind & solar, to combat their inherent inconsistency.
I feel the overwhelming need to get myself a version of this with a straightend shaft, and a geared down crank shaft that disengages as soon as you let go of it on the right site to spin it up to really high rpm
@@ADBBuild perhaps a centrifugal clutch? You could gear the output of a hand crank to increase the RPM, and the rotation pushes magnets out to engage the coupling. When you stop turning the magnets retract and decouple.
Now you need circuitry to reverse the alternator, making it a motor to spin up the shaft. This turns it into an actual battery, storing external energy.
@@Sam-fq5hc No the torque will be a function of the surface area and geometry of the blades. With large enough blades you can power something extremely heavy. That is why industrial wind mills are so freaking massive and ugly
In the current configuration it is still a battery, the external force is just him. It stores the energy he inputs as kinetic energy and the alternator outputs that as AC
One of the things I've learned is that nearly all the work done by the fly wheel is from the mass at the outer edge. You could cut away much of the inner mass and still be good. As far as replacing the shaft, try cutting it off and drilling it out. Most drive shafts aren't force fit. Try a design where the tolerance is such that it's locked in by a set screw or a key.
This. The theoretically ideal flywheel has asymptotically-close-to-zero mass and an infinite diameter. One could store much more energy by adding a ring of steel around the edge and remove the same amount of mass from the center.
@@LilMissMurder3409 actually wrong on the mass part. It's the momentum of mass that keeps it going. The ideal has an extremely high mass concentrated in an atom thick layer with no mass between the "ring" and the axle beyond what's needed to connect the two. Without mass you could not have momentum and cannot use that momentum to do work. The true challenge with the mass is figuring out how much is enough to do the work without requiring too much work to get it up to speed and keep it there. Infinite mass may seem to be the ideal until you realize that it will take infinite energy to move it. Near zero mass seems the ideal until you realize that it can't perform much work. The true ideal is somewhere in between the two extremes and varies depending on the work that needs to be done in combination with continuously needing to overcome friction.
@@ianbelletti6241 isn't aluminum a poor material choice for the outer ring then as it's fairly light? I suppose you would want to use something denser like bronze with carbon fiber spokes connecting it to the drive shaft?
Some interesting facts: According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the United States had more than 25 gigawatts of electrical energy storage capacity as of March 2018. Of that total, 94 percent was in the form of pumped hydroelectric storage, and most of that pumped hydroelectric capacity was installed in the 1970s. The six percent of other storage capacity is in the form of battery, thermal storage, compressed air, and flywheel. The flywheels store 58 mega watts of that total capacity. Some flywheels use magnetic bearings, operate in a vacuum to reduce drag, and can attain rotational speeds up to 60,000 revolutions per minute.
Phobos, storage is not measured in Megawatts, but megawatt hours, i.e the duration that the storgae can provide power for. What the DoE have not included is the amount of flywheel energy in all of the thermal and hydro power plants connected to the grid. These large machines have a very large amount of inertia from the roational speed and large mass of the generators. (Something wind and solar do not have) This flywhel effect has astabilising effect on grid frequency. Incidentally a test to measure how long this rotational inertia would last if power was lost was the reason that the chernobyl accident occurred. That is a problem with storing energy in a flywheel, as soon as you use it to generate power it starts to slow down and power and frequency drops off. It doesn't seem a promising way to store energy for a grid.
@@iareid8255 It's output was the same in watts (from thicker and then thinner wire).. so he knows what he's doing but it's all for YT income. We're all done here, we're all done with energy.
@Daniel Daniel If there was functional free energy, not even the massive fossil fuel lobby could hide it. Any country which has access to unlimited free energy would have a massive advantage over any other country, revolutionizing every aspect of technology and industry practically overnight; there's no way that neither the US or USSR would have ignored such a game changer during the cold war.
I wonder if that's dedicated energy storage facilities that use flywheels or just the energy stored in the rotors of power plants that use steam and heat (coal, nuclear, etc)?
"We need to convert from AC to DC in order to power a light bulb or electric motor". I think is worth pointing out that conventional light bulbs (not LEDs) run on AC as do most of the more industrial electric motors (your generator is actually an AC motor as well).
Everything can run on everything power wise...you just need the bridging components and power source such as step up or step down converters and all sorts off designs cheers
An led ran on low volt ac voltage will run on the alternating current depending on the frequency of alternation just like when he held the led up to the wheel and it was alternating on and off.. saying an led ran on ac is still running on dc is ignorant. If you take 4 diodes you can set them up in a way to convert ac to dc. If you replace the diodes with light emitting diodes it will do the exact same thing except the full bridge rectifier will emit light. If an ac voltage is applied to an led it will turn on at positive current and off at negative current like the sine wave. Being a diode it will only allow the positive voltage to pass through thereby making a square sine wave of positive current and 0 current.. half bridge rectifier.. but an led ran off of an ac voltage of the max 3 volts but at 60hz would still cause the led to burn out because of the potential, spinning object at 60 hz per say would be creating a lot of current.. or potential and splode the bub.. bub..
@@bertjesklotepino This is overstated in the public, and MANY industrial gasses are explosive/flammable (see petrochemical / crude oil distillation industry etc) It is all about safety systems etc, and even then pressure, and fuel-air mixture/ventilation are factors (a propane stove blowing out a match in a shed vs outside with a gentle breeze, which will produce more of an explosion when the next match is lit and that cloud forming ignites etc) Hydrogen-cooled turbo generators are a similar application. People probably tend to use helium, but hydrogen is "faster" if that makes any sense (granted i am not an expert, just a nerd, so if anyone has more on this subject i'd love to hear more (i *love* FES as a concept) )
@@I-0-0-I Commercial flywheel backup systems are in vacuum cans. Quite efficient, a little more expensive (if I'm remembering correctly the quote we got a year and a half ago) than a battery back up system of the same capacity. On the other hand, you never need to replace your UPS batteries!
I worked on what was called a peak shaver . It was a 40 ton flywheel connected to a wound rotor motor. The entire system was lifted by hydraulic pressure bearings.
Thanks, for sharing young man. LOVED, SUBSCRIBED, & DING!!! @13:44 this material is called 80/20 and my boss LOVED it. He made a frame with 80/20 that was 2"x2" and other sizes for a machine that wrapped foam with material that conducts electricity. The newest cell phone, plasma televisions, and even antennas (for GM/NorthStar) use these technologies. Everything needed to make the flexible copper-plated material except the foam was made in-house. Afterward, I was tasked with making maybe30+ more in my six-year stint. They shipped these inexpensive foam wrappers all over the globe. Retired now for 15 years.
Fortunately, I learned that 40+ years ago. With coils that are at different positions, they will produce AC peaks at different times (phases). In the 1800s they found out that 3 coils making 3 phases can provide smooth power without wobbling, which is really nice when the flywheel etc. all weigh multiple tonnes. Converting 3 phase AC to DC just needs an extra pair of diodes for the extra input wire.
Crocodiles have a long pointed v shaped snout, and alligators have wider rounded U shaped snouts. TECHNICALLY he is using alligator clips. Not crocodile.
This is such a bland comment. Especially coming from someone as talented and intelligent as yourself. Edit: for all the pissheads below that don’t get the point of my comment, it’s a spambot
@@Monkey_D_Luffy56 I’d guess it can’t because water is too inert, and under normal circumstances the phosphorus has not enough energy available that could break the covalent bond of the water molecule and free the oxygen. Someone with more sophisticated chemistry background please correct me if I’m wrong.
In my opinion, you could increase your coil count from 4 to 8, by slightly reducing the size of existing coils, while keeping the same thin gauge copper wire. This would keep a more stable current and should give even more voltage output. Then you should hook up a low voltage arduino board to it that pulses a motor that would spin the flywheel automatically. I would be interested in seeing how these changes/additions impact the overall design and efficiency and whether or not it would work.
That would make it a perpetual motion machine which is not possible. The only way you can have a machine that recycles energy like that is to have a 100% efficient transfer of energy which is almost impossible itself. And that's if you don't extract any energy from it yourself. So the arduino would have to have a separate power input source, which kind of defeats the purpose of this contraption which is to be an easy and efficient hand crank generator. The arduino could signal for a motor using external power to spin it using the power from the generator which would work kinda like a car engine's alternator and battery
William John Macquorn Rankine would have a field day with that proposal- An he was standing on the shoulders of Giants in 1850! He helped to more fully develop the Laws of Thermodynamics- a great Wikipedia read… I do Love this display of how power is generated! Mr Stanton has done an excellent job!!
Try making an electronic brake for it. Have a switch to put a large resistor bank across the coils and see how quickly you can decelerate the flywheel.
@@pranjaybhawsar4639 - Lenz's law, named after the physicist Emil Lenz, who formulated it in 1834, says that the direction of the electric current which is induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field is such that the magnetic field created by the induced current opposes changes in the initial magnetic field. - What this means is that the load will cause a current to flow, and this current will produce a magnetic field which will oppose the motion that created it. So, when you load a generator, making it do work, the generator gets harder to turn. In this case, it requires energy from the flywheel, causing it to slow down.
When things were at their very worst: 2 Suns, Cross in the sky, 2 comets will collide = don`t be afraid - repent, accept Lord`s Hand of Mercy. Scientists will say it was a global illusion. Beaware - Jesus will never walk in flesh again. After WW3 - rise of the “ man of peace“ from the East = Antichrist - the most powerful, popular, charismatic and influential leader of all time. Many miracles will be attributed to him. He will imitate Jesus in every conceivable way. Don`t trust „pope“ Francis = the False Prophet - will seem to rise from the dead - will unite all Christian Churches and all Religions as one. One World Religion = the seat of the Antichrist. Benedict XVI is the last true pope - will be accused of a crime of which he is totally innocent. "The time for the schism in the Church is almost here and you must get prepared now" Tuesday, 20 March 2012 The Book of Truth
He should make a much bigger one on a bike frame so you could really get it going with pedals. That might actually have some real world uses like charging your devices in a power outage.
Tom, This is the best video I've ever seen. Your entire presentation and explanations at each step are spot on and easy to understand. Great job keep up the good work.
Make a better one and do a response video, then link it on whatever communities associated with him (this is the first of his videos that I've watched, so I don't know if he has a Discord, etc). Maybe he'll notice it.
Would be interesting to see the difference in performance when: 1) in a vacuum chamber 2) custom shaft turned on a lathe (as energy is lost in wobbling) 3) some friction reduction on the lateral guard (like bearings or lubrication)
or just attach a steam generator and some blades that run of steam and produ.....oh wait..thats how any generator untill solar/wind came public works. well. sometimes they go boom and create places you dont wanna visit for ages.
Hi Tom, I'm sure you're aware, but Schottky diodes will work the best in this sort of application. A regular diode will drop the source voltage down by around 700 mV, while Schottkys can go as low as 150 mV. Cheers, keep up the good work.
That is almost the same theory & basic principal Small engine Alternators built on ever since the 1930s and still R basically the same even now. The diodes limit or increase the induction rates.
@@thekingsilverado8419 I think you're only talking about an electric motor aka a generator, same thing as an alternator. you can power it to make it spin, or spin it to make electricity. I don't think Alternators, doesn't have a flywheel or Schottky diodes, so I'm confused by your reply to this comment.
@@c1h2r3i4s56987 U need to open your mind.. I have speed & performance shop and every now and then we get really bored.. U would be surprised at the really simple tech that could solve some real energy problems.
Tell me if I’m wrong here, but as I recall, diodes are two layer devices, with (Silicon) forward bias loss of 0.7 V, and (Germanium) forward bias loss of 0.3 V, no? Do the Schottky diode‘s do something less than 0.3 V loss?
That pulsing is exactly why in a 3 phase alternator the windings and outputs are 120 degrees out of phase. More constant and level power delivery. You have a single phase. I love this whole project and would love to see you leave it as AC and put it through a buck boost transformer instead!
or use none, the D from the LED stands for Diode so just use two or more pairs of LED's in parallel wired in opposite polarity to extract as much as you can from those coils. Yes, they will pulsate 'cause you can't add a filtering capacitor (however in this video you can see that they are pulsating anyway, I guess because he didn't add the capacitor anyway, so I can see no reason to use a FB rectifier in this particular application). For the DC motors you will need the rectifier.
@@nycsaba I wonder what the avalanche voltage of those diodes are, and how much current they can produce. The setup, by my estimation, puts out 200-400mA. OP should have wired a DMM in series and measured the current output, I'd be curious.
First time I've seen anyone explain a full bridge rectifier - so thank you! This contraption makes me thing of old foot powered sewing machines... and how that'd go.
Yessss. I was utterly lost when he said it normally. It was like all the innocence and joy in my life suddenly ceasing. Then I went back and watched that episode with the DC power lines. 𝕄𝕆𝕋ℍ𝔼ℝ 𝕆𝔽 𝔸𝕃𝕃 𝔽𝕌𝕃𝕃𝔼𝕊𝕋 𝔹ℝ𝕀𝔻𝔾𝔼 ℝ𝔼ℂ𝕋𝕀𝔽𝕀𝔼ℝ𝕊!
When using led, you can skip rectifier , just put an even number of leds in parallel and opposite directions. This way you will get higher voltage on LED, only flicker frequency will be slover.
Good point. You could simplify and use only half of the wave and only pull 1/2 the energy off the flywheel. The higher the load the fast the wheel stops. I wish he measured flywheel spin time in relation to load. How fast can he brake with it shorted?
Absolutely, also recommend placing some resistance value in series with the diodes to help limit the current and prolong the LED life. The conduction curve is pretty steep on a diode without the passive element. Parallel diodes need their own resistor as they are not equally balanced.
Man i wish you were my teacher during high school and university days. I'd have turn out to be an inventor, a good engineer or a scientist today. The way you visually explain the working of electricity, magnetism, lavitation is osumn and easy to grasp onto and fun watching these things working live in your interesting experiments. It's so satisfying to watch a flywheel powering things around. This is exactly how I'd expected my teachers to be but unfortunately they weren't such enthusiasts and were focused only on our grades and the boring black board teaching. They wanted to produce human drones that work as slaves for the capitalist market. We were drained off our enthusiasm into becoming a robot who didn't question or challenge on anything that already existed or is discovered.
Not to put too fine a point on it, but the proper term is "Full wave bridge rectifier" for the device made up of 4 diodes. They can also be purchased as a package with 4 leads coming out. "Half wave bridge rectification in the case of this circuit could be accomplished with one diode.
Tom: Your demonstrations and the iteration of your model were expertly & delightfully presented. This video intrigues, amazes, and inspires kids and adults alike. We need more curious motivated people like you in all of our educational institutions! - Jim
Hospitals use these today, IIRC, to provide steady backup power for life supports etc. during the first few seconds of a power outage that their main back up generators take to power up.
Use of the internal combustion engine should be on the way out. Solar, used to heat molten metal with external combustion engine hopefully developed soon and too use widely.
Love it, you made an easy to understand flywheel mechanical battery and by levitating it you decrease the maintenance cost (lubrication) and reduce the friction.
Yes, your full bridge rectifier explanation was very easy to understand - considerably better than my professor's 😬🤫👀 thank you for explaining this fundamental part of electronics and electricity!
You could improve the magnetic field through the coils with a Halbach array, which is essentially a fancy way to direct the field of multiple magnets in one direction.
@@jonan2774 not really, it would improve the magnetic field through the coils, which means more power can be taken from the spinning wheel, slowing it down faster
Thank you for this, fellas. I am really surprised at how much I am suddenly learning from one little fluff science TH-cam video. This is good stuff. 🙂 Also... ONE TON FLYWHEEL MODEL MUST BE MADE. Edit: Just had my first look at Halbach Array technology. That's truly fascinating, particularly what it does to the field.
Im making this with some minor alterations to make a fun desktop Pomodoro timer! One thing I am focusing on is controlling the length of time the alternator will run. When the flywheel is spinning, LEDs will light up and as the spin rate decreases the lights will dim. When the flywheel stops the lights go off and that indicates it is time to take a break from work!
It also be cool to see the addition of the small electric motor on the shaft as a pace keeper. Spin at the flywheel by hand and then send the power generated to the motor to keep the momentum up
@@loganwilliamsbluecheck it might potentially extend the run time but the laws concerning thermodynamics and electrical efficiency would still mean it will stop eventually
@@jasalvatorekestrazzanti2715 well yeah, you're recycling some of the work the flywheel is doing to add energy back into it. Think of it expending slightly less energy for a slightly longer runtime
Great project with only a slight correction needed. Electron flow is always from the negative pole to the positive pole since the electrons are negatively charged.
Outstanding. I’ve worked electronics (avionics) and cyber for the Military for 44 years. I’ve not seen a better presentation of the principles of magnetism and alternators. The explanation of diodes and a bridge rectifier was excellent. I have been debating buying a 3D printer for a while. Think I will now. Thanks
4:40 aaaand now i learned how an AC alternator works in the span of about 30 seconds. Holy fuck. 6:50 And now you kinda, just on the side, explained a full bridge rectifier. My dude.
I think what would be interesting is to spend it to a specific high RPM and see how long it takes to stop while powering the white leds. And then spin it to the exact same high RPM with no continuity on the dynamo. And see how long it takes to stop with no apparent Lorenz forces. And then compare the times. However I would not have made this video until I had it completely balanced. Whether you had to start all over again with different aluminum plate and bar. I definitely would recommend having as little wobble as possible for a scientific result. But nice video.!
And maybe use an odd number of coils (instead of four) more closely spread across the plate (so non-symmetrical/without gaps a magnet would always be entering a new coil somewhere) or maybe extract multiple phases instead of going for the highest voltage to get a really nice solid DC
If you had slight friction stability on both ends and a ring of magnetic levitators on both sides of the fly wheel, it would be more stable and be able to go much faster. Your frequency is probably really low too but that's obviously just due to instability. Great video!!!
For anyone curious on why the flywheel slows down while generating electricity: As the magnets generate a current in the wire, the current passing through the wire generates it's own magnetic field, which opposes the magnetic field of the generator, forcing it to slow down
@@jb_roboticgames6540 More like regular braking on trains with electric drive systems. Emergency braking often cuts power to the traction system and uses the ordinary friction brakes. This is sometimes combined with a magnetic sled for extra grip. Given the amount of wear and tear braking systems experience it would be a silly construction to not use the (almost) wear and tear free method of braking.
And the 2 way to reduce fraction is buy adding ''the manglev'' technology to your machine, this consopt is used in Rubik's cube. The best used is from manufacturer of Rubik's cube like GAN or tournedo V3
If housed in a vacuum enclosure, this flywheel can be used to store energy temporarily. A near-vacuum will reduce the drag loss . By using certain high-density elements such as lead the flywheel can be made compact yet with high moment of inertia.
You would need a magnetic coupler to mechanically extract the stored energy without breaking the vacuum. If you make the shaft connected to the mechanism, then you defeat any reason for the vacuum as just about any mechanically connected load would far outweigh the benefits of the vacuum.
He can get rid of the drag loss by using repelling magnets on each end of the shaft in stead of the glass pane. Then place it in a vacuum room to have it move 'indefinitely'. Add circular momentum by adding power to the coil (motor), or retrieve energy the way he did. It should function both as a battery and power converter.
This is already used in larger UPS installations. Vacuum chamber and active magnetic bearing. Over the long term, it is cheaper than battery based solutions. One of our customers has one of these in their main server room to cover the time between a power outage and the diesels coming online. HOWEVER. Startup costs are much higher. They are LOUD. The one in question that I have worked around is only the size of a normal data center cabinet, but you are only a few dB away from needing hearing protection to work in the room. They are not failsafe. You can put a fuse in batteries. If that active magnetic bearing fails or you shut it down incorrectly, I was told that it's a good $20,000 in repairs to fix it.
Very Cool! This has inspired so many ideas in me.... As a machinist myself one thing I would note is you'll have allot more success getting tight mag/coil tolerance and higher rotational coefficient using a tool steel rod of 1/2" or so then after you get it splined through the flywheel turn the whole component on grandads lathe. I'm sure you have already had a similar idea and maybe there are issues Im to dense to factor in lol, but just in case I thought id throw it out there...
![[MV] A leap of faith...ความเชื่อใจครั้งสุดท้าย (From "Petrichor the series")](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/U1piZH2CNXA/mqdefault.jpg)
If only there was someone on TH-cam with a passion for full bridge rectifiers
with an unibrow will be perfect
Would this man be so good instructions and failures at the same time he might shock himself? Idk never heard of someone like that
He should be dad too and do some vids with his child at best a daughter.... so sad that we all dont know such a TH-cam :(
th-cam.com/video/sI5Ftm1-jik/w-d-xo.html
It would be cool if he had a magic wand too
i'm a bit sad that you didn't use a clip from electroboom for the "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER"
true... missed opportunity.
Yes he should have done it
I was just about to say the same thing...😪
Yup I was going to say the same thing. Or at least apply a similar sound effect
+1
If Electroboom has taught me anything it's what a Full Bridge Rectifier does.
Don't you mean to say... FULL BRIDGE RECTEFIER!
Exactly, it's not some dumb single diode rectifier
Actually I heard him saying it over and over again but it wasn't until Tom explained it that I knew what it does
Ikr 🤣
Full bridge or no bridge, all the way home
I had one of those levitating desk toys growing up. Mine had LEDs built in that were driven by the spinning of the toy, so it never needed batteries and would illuminate with bright red stripes when spun. The setup you've engineered is pretty awesome!
The word "Full bridge rectifier" needs a little more emphasis.
*stares in Mehdi*
FOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOL BRIDGE RECTIIFIAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
Summon mehdii
**Summon Mehdi**
When I saw the words I was afraid mehdi would jump out
To straighten a shaft in a lathe : spin at around 500rpm. Start with about a hands width protruding from the chuck. Check for wobble and pull the bar towards you. You will feel the bar vibrate as you pull the bar past centre slightly. Do it the right amount and you will overcome the tensile strength of the material just enough for it to remain on center. Pull the rod out another hands width and repeat. Always check by rolling the bar on a known flat surface. Wet hands for extra lubrication.
Ummm, or just use a dial indicator. My old boss taught me the quickest way to get something roughed in is to use a sharpie and brush the high spot as object spins. Benn a machinist for about thirty years. His best bet is to cut off the shaft , drill out the center, and bush it for a new shaft. Pity it warped on him.
I would say never put your hands near a lathe spinning material at 500rpm. Better to buy silver steel which should be true
@@ianlainchbury what about with leather gloves
@@frostedlambs Never wear gloves when using a lathe. The gloves can wrap round the part and pull you in.
@@ianlainchbury
That is a lesson that you do NOT want to learn the hard way, I have seen people getting degloved doing that as well... OUCH!
The good stuff is called “turned ground and polished”. It’s high quality, exact measurement on the o.d., steel rod. Try that for your axis.
get this comment more likes and replies so that tom can see it!
May be it would have been better to use a bad, unstraight axis and achieve higher rpm than resonance. After resonance frequency rotor would balance itself. With bad axis resonance frequency is lower so it is easier to overcome
still wouldn't work if we warp it when trying to insert the flywheel
@@oadka No you didn't even do any capitals or ask nice. :P
Also wondering if he could use opposing force magnets on the ends of the rod to locate it, eliminating all points of friction.
I wish this video was available, when I studied electrical engineering. It would have made understanding the concept a lot easier. This is hands down the best explanation of how a full bridge rectifier works, I've have seen. It's rare to see someone who can simplify things so that they are understandable yet not simplified so far that they are essentially wrong. Great job.
If you need this overly simple video to understand bridge rectifiers as an electrical engineer then god help us.
@@jeffclark5268 Get off your high horse Mr Achievements
He has a great ability to teach. Many dreamy eyed folks have a faith in technology not understanding.
I am starting to think Tom is obsessed with flywheels
Nahh I don't see the obsession?? 😂😂
The mind learns something new and then extrapolates
Sir, you are wrong. He surely hates flywheels.
Ofc he is
It's a passing phase. Just like how he obsessed about pneumatic contraptions for awhile.
Unitl you said "desk toy" I absolutly waited for you to explain, how you'll integrate all that in your bike! :D
Until he said "desk toy" I had no urge to build one myself. :x
Next trebuchet build coming up ?
Flywheels are kinda tricky in vehicles due to conservation of angular momentum.
I can never hear the term 'full bridge rectifier' without hearing electroboom say it in my head
Yeah I was almost disappointed he didn't reference Mehdi when he used the term :'D
U mean a FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER?
Same here, but he elaborated the concept more comprehensive
The common name is "full-wave rectifier" (FWR).
A lot of power is lost in the diodes of an FWR. Transistors can be used instead of diodes with much less loss. This is called a synchronous rectifier.
@@TedSeverin samr
This is the first time I've gotten full clarity on a full bridge rectifier, you've earned my follow
I really want tom to short the whole thing so we can see how induction brakes work :D
It's pretty close to that at 13:10. Notice how it starts wobbling as the motor stops, I think that's due to uneven braking resonating with the magnetic bearing.
Throw in a mechanism to drag start it like a lawn mower to juice up with extra spinning power, throw on optical rpm counter to know how much energy is in the system at any one moment, and measure the braking current, figure out the force and efficiency of the braking.
Bonus. Make a small electric engine for spinning up the disc, charge up a capacitor for braking after it's hit max rpm and use the capacitor to run the electric motor again. Figure out the roundtrip efficiency of the energy storage system from the drop in rpm
As soon as you draw power, it does that. It doesn't need to be a dead short.
@@sbkenn1 Yes, sure but the higher the current the more visible the braking
as someone without an engineering background but very interested in it, these visualisations of basic electrical concepts are really great !! Very easy to understand and nice to look at :)
5:52 - You must be pronouncing FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER incorrectly, the camera didn't shake.
BTW, with a flywheel, the energy stored depends on the mass and speed. If you make another wheel, thin down the centre, and concentrate the mass on the outer edge, you will be able to store more energy without increasing the total mass.
I am pretty sure that as an aerospace engineer he should know that already..
If you are starting with a solid chunk of metal, that wastes a lot of material which is probably why he did it this way.
@@guilhermerocha2812 I'm pretty sure he does, and might have even mentioned it in another video, I was being cheeky 😉
Lot of mass is not a big problem if your flywheel is levitating. Thinner centre might not make much difference , but it would require additional work to be machined.
And your right. It's pronounced "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER" and not "full bridge rectifier"
I am dissapointed that he didnt pronounce it correctly :/
In 1995, I was a young "lad" just visiting a foreign country (England, London) for the first time, and wouldn't you know, the device displayed @ 1:38 had me captivated. I was only 15, but between this device and some lego's before a trip to Bath... amazing life experience. My grandmother took me and for some odd, but likely predictable reason, this kind of video triggers in me a great sense of appreciation. I wish you the best Tom. Lots of love and admiration for your efforts. I just hope you spend a fraction of a time wondering what some of your viewers have experienced... because it's pretty damn amazing to share these kinds of experiences.
I'm glad that the captions heard what I did too. "Heavily inspired by this small toilet I bought off amazon"
Me too. Did he mean toy-let, as in small toy?
Same. I too checked the captions just to be sure.
i scratched my head so hard my scalp is bleeding
akshualley he was referring to the amount of work saved him by such a flywheel perpetual motion engine which he had named the ''Toil IT'' but which isnt for sale
I think he said "toy that"
This was the first time I've ever understood how a full bridge rectifier actually works.
Exactly! Same here.
6:21 notice the arrangement of the diodes, and the source and load. You can use a bridge to protect the input of your project from reverse polarity,
If the battery was installed "the correct way" the power would flow properly. If the battery was installed "the wrong way" the power would STILL flow properly. Unfortunately, there is some voltage loss. Bridges typically use diodes that lose 0.7V each, so 2 * 1.5 = 3V loses possibly 1.4V
If you build you own bridge using Schottky diodes the loss is less 0.3 to 0.4V. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottky_diode
Note: I previously referred to 4 diodes, which is incorrect
@@albertboaduameyaw8659 6:21 notice the arrangement of the diodes, and the source and load. You can use a bridge to protect the input of your project from reverse polarity, If the battery was installed "the correct way" the power would flow properly. If the battery was installed "the wrong way" the power would STILL flow properly. Unfortunately, there is some voltage loss. Bridges typically use diodes that lose 0.7V each, so 2 * 1.5 = 3V loses possibly 1.4V If you build you own bridge using Schottky diodes the loss is less 0.3 to 0.4V. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schottky_diode
Note: I previously referred to 4 diodes, which is incorrect
Yea
@@leef_me8112 Its not 4 *1.5 since only 2 diodes will conduct at any one time
It is a great experiment, I loved it! Just a quick note: The higher the current you take from de alternator, the faster your flywheel will stop spinning. You will not be able to take much continuos current from it, but is pretty amazing how it works!
I believe the flywheel alternator can also function as a brushless motor with a suitable brushless controller to spin up the flywheel.
And you could "charge" the flywheel when you have surplus energy and then use it when you have higher energy demand.
@@gabiono7965 That line of thinking is what led me to this video. Trying to conceptualize worthwhile power storage for smaller scale wind & solar, to combat their inherent inconsistency.
>Flywheel powering small motor
Well, that’s the strangest gear ratio setup I’ve seen
I feel the overwhelming need to get myself a version of this with a straightend shaft, and a geared down crank shaft that disengages as soon as you let go of it on the right site to spin it up to really high rpm
A one way bearing driving the shaft would work. Or even better, use magnets to drive it and pull the magnets away somehow when not turning.
@@ADBBuild perhaps a centrifugal clutch? You could gear the output of a hand crank to increase the RPM, and the rotation pushes magnets out to engage the coupling. When you stop turning the magnets retract and decouple.
Like pedaling a bike except magnets on all gear teeth
I'm disappointed he didn't use the generator as a motor.
Now you need circuitry to reverse the alternator, making it a motor to spin up the shaft. This turns it into an actual battery, storing external energy.
How about: wind powered flywheel
Would that actually work? I'm very interested to see an actual like demonstration
@@certifiedpossum1638 Yes! But there could be the possibility that it ends up being too heavy to work very well.
@@Sam-fq5hc No the torque will be a function of the surface area and geometry of the blades. With large enough blades you can power something extremely heavy. That is why industrial wind mills are so freaking massive and ugly
In the current configuration it is still a battery, the external force is just him. It stores the energy he inputs as kinetic energy and the alternator outputs that as AC
One of the things I've learned is that nearly all the work done by the fly wheel is from the mass at the outer edge. You could cut away much of the inner mass and still be good. As far as replacing the shaft, try cutting it off and drilling it out. Most drive shafts aren't force fit. Try a design where the tolerance is such that it's locked in by a set screw or a key.
This. The theoretically ideal flywheel has asymptotically-close-to-zero mass and an infinite diameter. One could store much more energy by adding a ring of steel around the edge and remove the same amount of mass from the center.
@@LilMissMurder3409 actually wrong on the mass part. It's the momentum of mass that keeps it going. The ideal has an extremely high mass concentrated in an atom thick layer with no mass between the "ring" and the axle beyond what's needed to connect the two. Without mass you could not have momentum and cannot use that momentum to do work. The true challenge with the mass is figuring out how much is enough to do the work without requiring too much work to get it up to speed and keep it there. Infinite mass may seem to be the ideal until you realize that it will take infinite energy to move it. Near zero mass seems the ideal until you realize that it can't perform much work. The true ideal is somewhere in between the two extremes and varies depending on the work that needs to be done in combination with continuously needing to overcome friction.
@@ianbelletti6241 isn't aluminum a poor material choice for the outer ring then as it's fairly light? I suppose you would want to use something denser like bronze with carbon fiber spokes connecting it to the drive shaft?
Some interesting facts: According to the U.S. Department of Energy, the United States had more than 25 gigawatts of electrical energy storage capacity as of March 2018. Of that total, 94 percent was in the form of pumped hydroelectric storage, and most of that pumped hydroelectric capacity was installed in the 1970s. The six percent of other storage capacity is in the form of battery, thermal storage, compressed air, and flywheel. The flywheels store 58 mega watts of that total capacity. Some flywheels use magnetic bearings, operate in a vacuum to reduce drag, and can attain rotational speeds up to 60,000 revolutions per minute.
Phobos,
storage is not measured in Megawatts, but megawatt hours, i.e the duration that the storgae can provide power for.
What the DoE have not included is the amount of flywheel energy in all of the thermal and hydro power plants connected to the grid. These large machines have a very large amount of inertia from the roational speed and large mass of the generators. (Something wind and solar do not have) This flywhel effect has astabilising effect on grid frequency.
Incidentally a test to measure how long this rotational inertia would last if power was lost was the reason that the chernobyl accident occurred.
That is a problem with storing energy in a flywheel, as soon as you use it to generate power it starts to slow down and power and frequency drops off. It doesn't seem a promising way to store energy for a grid.
@@iareid8255 right, with each load, you need more force... That applies to about anything related to generating power.
@@iareid8255 It's output was the same in watts (from thicker and then thinner wire).. so he knows what he's doing but it's all for YT income.
We're all done here, we're all done with energy.
@Daniel Daniel If there was functional free energy, not even the massive fossil fuel lobby could hide it. Any country which has access to unlimited free energy would have a massive advantage over any other country, revolutionizing every aspect of technology and industry practically overnight; there's no way that neither the US or USSR would have ignored such a game changer during the cold war.
I wonder if that's dedicated energy storage facilities that use flywheels or just the energy stored in the rotors of power plants that use steam and heat (coal, nuclear, etc)?
"We need to convert from AC to DC in order to power a light bulb or electric motor". I think is worth pointing out that conventional light bulbs (not LEDs) run on AC as do most of the more industrial electric motors (your generator is actually an AC motor as well).
it also douse not matter if you power an led with AC as long as there is a high anth frequency for it to not notably blink
AC powered led bulbs also run on DC, the electronics in it just converts AC to DC
Everything can run on everything power wise...you just need the bridging components and power source such as step up or step down converters and all sorts off designs cheers
An led ran on low volt ac voltage will run on the alternating current depending on the frequency of alternation just like when he held the led up to the wheel and it was alternating on and off.. saying an led ran on ac is still running on dc is ignorant. If you take 4 diodes you can set them up in a way to convert ac to dc. If you replace the diodes with light emitting diodes it will do the exact same thing except the full bridge rectifier will emit light. If an ac voltage is applied to an led it will turn on at positive current and off at negative current like the sine wave. Being a diode it will only allow the positive voltage to pass through thereby making a square sine wave of positive current and 0 current.. half bridge rectifier.. but an led ran off of an ac voltage of the max 3 volts but at 60hz would still cause the led to burn out because of the potential, spinning object at 60 hz per say would be creating a lot of current.. or potential and splode the bub.. bub..
Yeah, he said that his generator is producing AC.
Since I'm the "push it until something breaks" type, all I can think is "I wonder how fast it'd spin if he spun it up with an air compressor..."
I was thinking: how much more efficient would it be operating in a vacuum? We need both questions answered.
yes
@@ericlotze7724 i dont think they use hydrogen though.
Kinda explosive.
@@bertjesklotepino This is overstated in the public, and MANY industrial gasses are explosive/flammable (see petrochemical / crude oil distillation industry etc)
It is all about safety systems etc, and even then pressure, and fuel-air mixture/ventilation are factors
(a propane stove blowing out a match in a shed vs outside with a gentle breeze, which will produce more of an explosion when the next match is lit and that cloud forming ignites etc)
Hydrogen-cooled turbo generators are a similar application.
People probably tend to use helium, but hydrogen is "faster" if that makes any sense
(granted i am not an expert, just a nerd, so if anyone has more on this subject i'd love to hear more (i *love* FES as a concept) )
@@I-0-0-I Commercial flywheel backup systems are in vacuum cans. Quite efficient, a little more expensive (if I'm remembering correctly the quote we got a year and a half ago) than a battery back up system of the same capacity. On the other hand, you never need to replace your UPS batteries!
I worked on what was called a peak shaver . It was a 40 ton flywheel connected to a wound rotor motor. The entire system was lifted by hydraulic pressure bearings.
When he showed the diodes. I was already waiting for "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER !!!"
Electroboom rulez!
I felt myself bracing for "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!" when it came up, Thanks ElectroBoom
I was also slightly anxious for a cross-over XD
Same!
I was searching for this comment. Didn't have to scroll down too much :)
LMFAO same
I was waiting for that sweet sweet unibrow
Thanks, for sharing young man. LOVED, SUBSCRIBED, & DING!!! @13:44 this material is called 80/20 and my boss LOVED it. He made a frame with 80/20 that was 2"x2" and other sizes for a machine that wrapped foam with material that conducts electricity. The newest cell phone, plasma televisions, and even antennas (for GM/NorthStar) use these technologies. Everything needed to make the flexible copper-plated material except the foam was made in-house. Afterward, I was tasked with making maybe30+ more in my six-year stint. They shipped these inexpensive foam wrappers all over the globe. Retired now for 15 years.
This was much cooler than I expected. Love the demonstration of the full bridge rectifier. I had no idea converting from AC to DC was that simple.
Fortunately, I learned that 40+ years ago. With coils that are at different positions, they will produce AC peaks at different times (phases). In the 1800s they found out that 3 coils making 3 phases can provide smooth power without wobbling, which is really nice when the flywheel etc. all weigh multiple tonnes. Converting 3 phase AC to DC just needs an extra pair of diodes for the extra input wire.
Hvns h
@@johndododoe1411 a Hex bridge!
the reverse is much more useful and complex, inverters are sophisticated thing
@@elysonpanolino1162 what makes the lines on the road sizzle under the big power lines? After the rain.
'crocodile clips'
Makes sense, no reason why they have to be alligators
Everyone calls them crocodile clips in England
I lost it when he said it tho.
Crocodiles have a long pointed v shaped snout, and alligators have wider rounded U shaped snouts.
TECHNICALLY he is using alligator clips. Not crocodile.
Yeah but it aliterates better and we don't have crocodiles or alligators in the UK so...
@@ooxRAINB0WDASHxoo No. In the UK they are called crocodile clips.
This is such a cool project.
This is such a bland comment. Especially coming from someone as talented and intelligent as yourself.
Edit: for all the pissheads below that don’t get the point of my comment, it’s a spambot
Such a cool TH-camr visiting an equally cool TH-camr.
Why doesn't white phosphorus reacts when stored with water ? But it can react on the oxygen in air. I saw it from one of Nile Red shorts
Yes very cool, amazing
@@Monkey_D_Luffy56 I’d guess it can’t because water is too inert, and under normal circumstances the phosphorus has not enough energy available that could break the covalent bond of the water molecule and free the oxygen. Someone with more sophisticated chemistry background please correct me if I’m wrong.
In my opinion, you could increase your coil count from 4 to 8, by slightly reducing the size of existing coils, while keeping the same thin gauge copper wire. This would keep a more stable current and should give even more voltage output. Then you should hook up a low voltage arduino board to it that pulses a motor that would spin the flywheel automatically. I would be interested in seeing how these changes/additions impact the overall design and efficiency and whether or not it would work.
The goverment might have gotten him
To make it self-sufficient? This is what I proposed in addition to putting it in a vacuum chamber to further reduce friction.
@@SeynGod you wouldn't dare break the actual laws of physics now would you
That would make it a perpetual motion machine which is not possible. The only way you can have a machine that recycles energy like that is to have a 100% efficient transfer of energy which is almost impossible itself. And that's if you don't extract any energy from it yourself. So the arduino would have to have a separate power input source, which kind of defeats the purpose of this contraption which is to be an easy and efficient hand crank generator. The arduino could signal for a motor using external power to spin it using the power from the generator which would work kinda like a car engine's alternator and battery
William John Macquorn Rankine would have a field day with that proposal- An he was standing on the shoulders of Giants in 1850! He helped to more fully develop the Laws of Thermodynamics- a great Wikipedia read… I do Love this display of how power is generated! Mr Stanton has done an excellent job!!
5:55 6:58 8:28 8:53 ElectroBOOM say: *"FULL BRIDGE REFITIFIER!"*
Electroboom will be proud when he sees the full bridge rectifier!
i finally know what it means lol
Except I *really* expected to see him say the words!
@@ThePixel1983 Same here, I expected to see a cut of his "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!!"
"This method of levitation was heavily inspired by this small toilet I bought off Amazon."
I am so confused at this line
That's not what he said.
That's what I heard too. Subtitles agree.
@@fburton8: You only _think_ you heard that. But if that's not what he said then it wasn't really there for you to hear.
@@HelloKittyFanMan. I create my own reality. You should give it a go!
The electric diagram was easy to understand and follow, which is rare usually. Great job on the video!
5:56 can't help hearing this in Mehdi's voice
I was waiting to hear Mehdi scream that, ahah.
*** full bridge rectifier! ***
@@fabianmerki4222 FOOL BRIDGE REHCTIFIAH!
Same ahah
WOW, that slow motion of alternator powring LED at 11:17 is so SATISFYING to watch!
Wait, using packing tape to join my aluminum framing is bad?
i thought it was the strongest binding type
@@baldr_ me too im confused
You could try packing tape framing with aluminum screws
Just slap some FLEX TAPE on there.
@@samykamkar you just changed the game forever
Very nice concept. I must say, your explanation on how alternator work is the best I have heard so far.
Try making an electronic brake for it. Have a switch to put a large resistor bank across the coils and see how quickly you can decelerate the flywheel.
can you please explain this in a bit detail? and the theory behind this?
or regenerative breaking yes
@@pranjaybhawsar4639 - Lenz's law, named after the physicist Emil Lenz, who formulated it in 1834, says that the direction of the electric current which is induced in a conductor by a changing magnetic field is such that the magnetic field created by the induced current opposes changes in the initial magnetic field. - What this means is that the load will cause a current to flow, and this current will produce a magnetic field which will oppose the motion that created it. So, when you load a generator, making it do work, the generator gets harder to turn. In this case, it requires energy from the flywheel, causing it to slow down.
Keith - No need for resistors, just let the switch short out the coils, for maximum braking effect.
And thats the MGU-K in Formula 1 cars
The moment he said 'Full bridge rectifier' , mehdi sir from electroboom came in front of my eyes 😂
Lmao same
or bigclive 😉
nono it aint full bridge rectifier, it's a FOOL BREEG RECTIFIOR
When things were at their very worst:
2 Suns, Cross in the sky, 2 comets will collide = don`t be afraid - repent, accept Lord`s Hand of Mercy.
Scientists will say it was a global illusion.
Beaware - Jesus will never walk in flesh again.
After WW3 - rise of the “ man of peace“ from the East = Antichrist - the most powerful, popular, charismatic and influential leader of all time. Many miracles will be attributed to him. He will imitate Jesus in every conceivable way.
Don`t trust „pope“ Francis = the False Prophet
- will seem to rise from the dead
- will unite all Christian Churches and all Religions as one.
One World Religion = the seat of the Antichrist.
Benedict XVI is the last true pope - will be accused of a crime of which he is totally innocent.
"The time for the schism in the Church is almost here and you must get prepared now"
Tuesday, 20 March 2012
The Book of Truth
I just heard him say it in Mehdi's voice xD
Man, I’d love to see again this but collabed with a machinist.
this old tony would be golden!!!!
Yes!
I'll play machinist
He should make a much bigger one on a bike frame so you could really get it going with pedals. That might actually have some real world uses like charging your devices in a power outage.
My vote is for AVE
Tom, This is the best video I've ever seen. Your entire presentation and explanations at each step are spot on and easy to understand. Great job keep up the good work.
you should wind a string on the shaft and then spin it using the string. that will be a lot of fun
Just like a toy top.
Start it like a chainsaw and see how fast it’ll spin up to.
ahhhhh the wobbling shaft at the end drove me nuts!! it could be so good with staight and balanced components
Make a better one and do a response video, then link it on whatever communities associated with him (this is the first of his videos that I've watched, so I don't know if he has a Discord, etc). Maybe he'll notice it.
@@Nerdnumberone he is right
1:38 "This small toilet I bought of Amazon". You can't unhear it now!
Dammit...
I heard that the first time, but i didn't knew what he meant. Even the subtitles say he said toilet. Only now i realised...
I’m new here. Thanks for explaining everything so thoroughly. You’re a good teacher.
Dude I love your videos so much. Happy to be a Patron!
I love your videos too 👍
My coment was removed .. did you notic that ??
So wait, if he joins your Patron, would that cause some kind of Thanos level event? Would the laws of physics allow it? So many questions…
@@drink15 no, dw
I am glad to see you here Destin.
when he speaking about converting AC to DC, my mind already screaming "F U L L B R I D G E R E C T I F I E R"
Would be interesting to see the difference in performance when:
1) in a vacuum chamber
2) custom shaft turned on a lathe (as energy is lost in wobbling)
3) some friction reduction on the lateral guard (like bearings or lubrication)
Why not a 2 magnets in same pole orientation? Block[S - N] [N - S]=====flux=====magnet bearing===flywheel===magnet bearing=====[S - N] [N - S]Block
@@slickbackwood It never seems to be set up this way, but I can't figure out why.
or just attach a steam generator and some blades that run of steam and produ.....oh wait..thats how any generator untill solar/wind came public works. well. sometimes they go boom and create places you dont wanna visit for ages.
Or a magnetic bearing so it won't need any lubrication
I don't know much about electric stuff, but iirc aren't magnets used to create electricity? So perhaps using magnetic bearings interferes with that.
Your glee at all the spinning is cute and contagious. Keep the joy going!!!
That was fun to watch!
This description of a full bridge rectifier was one of the clearest I've seen. That was really well done!
“But we also need something to turn the alternating current to direct current.”
The ElectroBoom living in my head: *foaming at the mouth*
ACDC now qualifies as hate speech, beware the www stasi
@@DrBe-zn5fv What... ?!?!
Hi Tom, I'm sure you're aware, but Schottky diodes will work the best in this sort of application. A regular diode will drop the source voltage down by around 700 mV, while Schottkys can go as low as 150 mV. Cheers, keep up the good work.
That is almost the same theory & basic principal Small engine Alternators built on ever since the 1930s and still R basically the same even now. The diodes limit or increase the induction rates.
@@thekingsilverado8419 I think you're only talking about an electric motor aka a generator, same thing as an alternator. you can power it to make it spin, or spin it to make electricity. I don't think Alternators, doesn't have a flywheel or Schottky diodes, so I'm confused by your reply to this comment.
@@c1h2r3i4s56987 U need to open your mind.. I have speed & performance shop and every now and then we get really bored.. U would be surprised at the really simple tech that could solve some real energy problems.
(Shaat-key-die-owhd) Those words literally ruined me for a couple of minutes.
I had to google it, ain't gunna lie.
Tell me if I’m wrong here, but as I recall, diodes are two layer devices, with (Silicon) forward bias loss of 0.7 V, and (Germanium) forward bias loss of 0.3 V, no?
Do the Schottky diode‘s do something less than 0.3 V loss?
That pulsing is exactly why in a 3 phase alternator the windings and outputs are 120 degrees out of phase. More constant and level power delivery. You have a single phase.
I love this whole project and would love to see you leave it as AC and put it through a buck boost transformer instead!
I finally know how a FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER actually works
Except that he shows the current flowing in the wrong direction. Bet nobody caught that.
I guess he spoke with ElectroBOOM to seek the ancient powers of the FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER
Use a MOSFET bridge rectifier, you are losing significant amount of energy due to diodes' voltage drop.
or use none, the D from the LED stands for Diode so just use two or more pairs of LED's in parallel wired in opposite polarity to extract as much as you can from those coils. Yes, they will pulsate 'cause you can't add a filtering capacitor (however in this video you can see that they are pulsating anyway, I guess because he didn't add the capacitor anyway, so I can see no reason to use a FB rectifier in this particular application). For the DC motors you will need the rectifier.
Or schottky didoes as an easy option since they have a lower voltage drop. 🤷♂️
@@nycsaba This comment section has officially made me feel like I have the vocabulary and comprehension skills of a 2nd grader.
@@nycsaba I wonder what the avalanche voltage of those diodes are, and how much current they can produce. The setup, by my estimation, puts out 200-400mA. OP should have wired a DMM in series and measured the current output, I'd be curious.
@@nycsaba there's still a voltage drop due to the light emission...
I just can't imagine someone saying "full bridge rectifier" without recalling Mehdi's *FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER*
It sounds very proper and precise when Tom says it, but I think Electroboom should just trademark the phrase because that all I hear.
Rectum fryer
A fule brreedge rectafyahh
First time I've seen anyone explain a full bridge rectifier - so thank you! This contraption makes me thing of old foot powered sewing machines... and how that'd go.
FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!
ElectroBOOM would be so proud
*Medhi voice*: FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!!
⬆⬆⬆
Yessss.
I was utterly lost when he said it normally. It was like all the innocence and joy in my life suddenly ceasing. Then I went back and watched that episode with the DC power lines. 𝕄𝕆𝕋ℍ𝔼ℝ 𝕆𝔽 𝔸𝕃𝕃 𝔽𝕌𝕃𝕃𝔼𝕊𝕋 𝔹ℝ𝕀𝔻𝔾𝔼 ℝ𝔼ℂ𝕋𝕀𝔽𝕀𝔼ℝ𝕊!
When using led, you can skip rectifier , just put an even number of leds in parallel and opposite directions. This way you will get higher voltage on LED, only flicker frequency will be slover.
Good point. You could simplify and use only half of the wave and only pull 1/2 the energy off the flywheel. The higher the load the fast the wheel stops. I wish he measured flywheel spin time in relation to load. How fast can he brake with it shorted?
light emitting diodes are indeed diodes
Absolutely, also recommend placing some resistance value in series with the diodes to help limit the current and prolong the LED life. The conduction curve is pretty steep on a diode without the passive element. Parallel diodes need their own resistor as they are not equally balanced.
Man i wish you were my teacher during high school and university days. I'd have turn out to be an inventor, a good engineer or a scientist today. The way you visually explain the working of electricity, magnetism, lavitation is osumn and easy to grasp onto and fun watching these things working live in your interesting experiments. It's so satisfying to watch a flywheel powering things around. This is exactly how I'd expected my teachers to be but unfortunately they weren't such enthusiasts and were focused only on our grades and the boring black board teaching. They wanted to produce human drones that work as slaves for the capitalist market. We were drained off our enthusiasm into becoming a robot who didn't question or challenge on anything that already existed or is discovered.
Love this comment! ❤
I wasn't expecting to gain an understanding of Full Bridge Rectifiers today, but here we are! Thanks!
Yeah, this makes a lot more sense than my physics textbook did.
Not to put too fine a point on it, but the proper term is "Full wave bridge rectifier" for the device made up of 4 diodes. They can also be purchased as a package with 4 leads coming out. "Half wave bridge rectification in the case of this circuit could be accomplished with one diode.
@@user.name--oreneus21 ～～
Same
I still dont understand diodes at all
Tom:
Your demonstrations and the iteration of your model were expertly & delightfully presented. This video intrigues, amazes, and inspires kids and adults alike. We need more curious motivated people like you in all of our educational institutions! - Jim
Times eleventy gagillion
The French telephone system used this to provide emergency backup power more than 50 years ago.
Hospitals use these today, IIRC, to provide steady backup power for life supports etc. during the first few seconds of a power outage that their main back up generators take to power up.
@@epamaarainenroina220 Dont they use a diesel or petrol generators?
Use of the internal combustion engine should be on the way out.
Solar, used to heat molten metal with external combustion engine hopefully developed soon and too use widely.
Interesting concept super capacitors would be my solution today.
Love it, you made an easy to understand flywheel mechanical battery and by levitating it you decrease the maintenance cost (lubrication) and reduce the friction.
Yes, your full bridge rectifier explanation was very easy to understand - considerably better than my professor's 😬🤫👀 thank you for explaining this fundamental part of electronics and electricity!
You could improve the magnetic field through the coils with a Halbach array, which is essentially a fancy way to direct the field of multiple magnets in one direction.
that's a very good idea, and I think that would improve the rpm wouldn't it?
@@jonan2774 not really, it would improve the magnetic field through the coils, which means more power can be taken from the spinning wheel, slowing it down faster
Add it to a running stream of water and you could spin it almost indefinitely.
a much more needed improvement would bet eliminating that wobble :D, it would do better job at storing the power, also vacuum casing
Thank you for this, fellas. I am really surprised at how much I am suddenly learning from one little fluff science TH-cam video. This is good stuff. 🙂
Also... ONE TON FLYWHEEL MODEL MUST BE MADE.
Edit: Just had my first look at Halbach Array technology. That's truly fascinating, particularly what it does to the field.
I'm amazed with this 3D graphics!!! I love the Bridge rectifier explanation!!!
Electroboom fans hearing the words "full bridge rectifier": ☠
you mean "FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!!"
@@nicojansenvanvuuren2745 YES
Fear the unibrow!
10/10
I've only watched a handful of Electroboom videos and I couldn't even hear the phrase without hearing a loud echo in my head in his voice. 😂
FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!!
You know electroboom right?😂😂
I was expecting the comment to be posted by electrobook
THE MOTHER OF FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIERS‼️‼️‼️‼️
Erik Johnson is a time traveler! 🌈
Whoa easy myg guy..
“on my grandads lathe” is so gratifying
Im making this with some minor alterations to make a fun desktop Pomodoro timer! One thing I am focusing on is controlling the length of time the alternator will run. When the flywheel is spinning, LEDs will light up and as the spin rate decreases the lights will dim. When the flywheel stops the lights go off and that indicates it is time to take a break from work!
"there's something oddly satisfying about a spinning opject spinning a motor"
He used the spin to create the spin.
This sounds like a quote of the manga-bible
The spin went down the wires. Far out man!
12:06 They say this is what aunt Gertrude heard that night the flying saucers took her away...
It's spinning with extra steps
What if they use the spin to make the spin spin more thus creating more spin
magnetic bearings are fun. try adding magnets with opposing poles at the ends of the axle. also use a beefier axle, preferably a hollow tube.
I think carbon tubes used in photography to rig stuff.
It also be cool to see the addition of the small electric motor on the shaft as a pace keeper. Spin at the flywheel by hand and then send the power generated to the motor to keep the momentum up
@@loganwilliamsbluecheck it might potentially extend the run time but the laws concerning thermodynamics and electrical efficiency would still mean it will stop eventually
@@jacobbrown7367 wait fr?
@@jasalvatorekestrazzanti2715 well yeah, you're recycling some of the work the flywheel is doing to add energy back into it.
Think of it expending slightly less energy for a slightly longer runtime
wow this video alone taught me exactly how an alternator generates electricity and how a rectifier can make direct current.
seriously i finally learnt rectifier working here
Great project with only a slight correction needed. Electron flow is always from the negative pole to the positive pole since the electrons are negatively charged.
Outstanding. I’ve worked electronics (avionics) and cyber for the Military for 44 years. I’ve not seen a better presentation of the principles of magnetism and alternators. The explanation of diodes and a bridge rectifier was excellent. I have been debating buying a 3D printer for a while. Think I will now. Thanks
Can't wait to see what you come up with sir, I bet you have seen quite a few experiments in your time.
Yup, as many already, I also understood mighty "full bridge rectifier" principle thanks to this particular video!
When he started talking about a Full Bridge Rectifier, all I can see is a man getting shocked constantly and screaming obscenities.
ElectroBOOM
I was excitedly hoping to see a FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER when he mentioned going from AC to DC
FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER! 🎉🤩😅
(SOMEBODY ELSE… 😭❤️)
@@ENCHANTMEN_ I was watching it going like, “will he do it??? Don’t cheap out… don’t do a si- YEAH!!! 😃😄🎉”
ElectroBRUH
Place a pair of repelling magnets at each end and assemble everything inside a vacuum chamber to further reduce friction.
I always hear "FUUULLLL BRIDGE RECTIFIEEER" with electroboom voice in my head
No reply’s?
A 4 diode bridge is a full wave rectifier.
Lmao same.
YEEEEAHHH!
THE RECTIFIER
4:40
aaaand now i learned how an AC alternator works in the span of about 30 seconds.
Holy fuck.
6:50
And now you kinda, just on the side, explained a full bridge rectifier.
My dude.
Same. He made them both click for me easily.
I think what would be interesting is to spend it to a specific high RPM and see how long it takes to stop while powering the white leds.
And then spin it to the exact same high RPM with no continuity on the dynamo. And see how long it takes to stop with no apparent Lorenz forces.
And then compare the times.
However I would not have made this video until I had it completely balanced. Whether you had to start all over again with different aluminum plate and bar. I definitely would recommend having as little wobble as possible for a scientific result.
But nice video.!
Yes! This is what i thought he was going to show, this would demonstrate the battery part a lot better.
And maybe use an odd number of coils (instead of four) more closely spread across the plate (so non-symmetrical/without gaps a magnet would always be entering a new coil somewhere) or maybe extract multiple phases instead of going for the highest voltage to get a really nice solid DC
If you had slight friction stability on both ends and a ring of magnetic levitators on both sides of the fly wheel, it would be more stable and be able to go much faster. Your frequency is probably really low too but that's obviously just due to instability. Great video!!!
For anyone curious on why the flywheel slows down while generating electricity:
As the magnets generate a current in the wire, the current passing through the wire generates it's own magnetic field, which opposes the magnetic field of the generator, forcing it to slow down
Which is to say: No free energy
Fun fact, that's how regenerative braking on electric and hybrid cars works
If you short the cables you stop it
@@marianofpv At the expense of generating heat, if it generates a lot of power it could melt the wires.
@@jb_roboticgames6540 More like regular braking on trains with electric drive systems. Emergency braking often cuts power to the traction system and uses the ordinary friction brakes. This is sometimes combined with a magnetic sled for extra grip.
Given the amount of wear and tear braking systems experience it would be a silly construction to not use the (almost) wear and tear free method of braking.
I would love to see a second version with a straight flywheel to see for how long you can make it spin :)
11:17 that was a fantastic shot. Really cool to see the correlation between coil/magnet and pulse.
And the 2 way to reduce fraction is buy adding ''the manglev'' technology to your machine, this consopt is used in Rubik's cube. The best used is from manufacturer of Rubik's cube like GAN or tournedo V3
If housed in a vacuum enclosure, this flywheel can be used to store energy temporarily. A near-vacuum will reduce the drag loss . By using certain high-density elements such as lead the flywheel can be made compact yet with high moment of inertia.
You would need a magnetic coupler to mechanically extract the stored energy without breaking the vacuum. If you make the shaft connected to the mechanism, then you defeat any reason for the vacuum as just about any mechanically connected load would far outweigh the benefits of the vacuum.
He can get rid of the drag loss by using repelling magnets on each end of the shaft in stead of the glass pane.
Then place it in a vacuum room to have it move 'indefinitely'.
Add circular momentum by adding power to the coil (motor), or retrieve energy the way he did. It should function both as a battery and power converter.
This is already used in larger UPS installations. Vacuum chamber and active magnetic bearing. Over the long term, it is cheaper than battery based solutions. One of our customers has one of these in their main server room to cover the time between a power outage and the diesels coming online.
HOWEVER.
Startup costs are much higher.
They are LOUD. The one in question that I have worked around is only the size of a normal data center cabinet, but you are only a few dB away from needing hearing protection to work in the room.
They are not failsafe. You can put a fuse in batteries. If that active magnetic bearing fails or you shut it down incorrectly, I was told that it's a good $20,000 in repairs to fix it.
"I could be faking this" nah, faking it would take way more effort than doing the real thing
No one is saying how good these illustrations and animations have become lately.
Right? I wonder if they're done in Blender
They’re exceptional.
You could put a larger flywheel on a bike and try do light up the entire room.
Anybody else expecting an Electroboom clip to jump out, “Full Bridge Rectifier”.
But alas a fine opportunity missed.
I’m mildly disappointed 😬
Agreed
th-cam.com/video/Di6rWvwy02I/w-d-xo.html
That would have been cool if it had. When I first saw his magnetic and wire configuration, Electroboom taught me the answer !!FULL BRIDGE RECTIFIER!!
I started scrolling down to the comments right after he said Full Bridge Rectifier. I was totally expecting a pinned Electroboom post. :|
Yes haha
Very Cool! This has inspired so many ideas in me....
As a machinist myself one thing I would note is you'll have allot more success getting tight mag/coil tolerance and higher rotational coefficient using a tool steel rod of 1/2" or so then after you get it splined through the flywheel turn the whole component on grandads lathe. I'm sure you have already had a similar idea and maybe there are issues Im to dense to factor in lol, but just in case I thought id throw it out there...