I Tried Simulating The Entire Ocean
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 ก.ย. 2024
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Games like No Man's Sky, Black Flag, and Sea of Thieves boast some very beautiful water! But, how does it work? Can I do better with current hardware?
Topics covered include: Fourier series, fourier transform, frequency and time domain, oceanographic spectra, discrete fourier transform, fast fourier transform, approximate subsurface scattering, simulating foam, leveraging multiple frequency bands
Check out Jump Trajectory's channel!
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Code: github.com/Gar...
References:
There are way too many references please just go to the code link above and scroll to the bottom of the readme for all my references there
Music:
Afternoon Break - Persona 3 OST
This Mysterious Feeling - Persona 3 OST
Midori Eyes - Paradise Killer OST
During The Test - Persona 3 OST
Junes Theme - Persona 4 OST
New Game - WORLD OF HORROR OST
In A Moment's Time - Skullgirls OST
A New Frontier - VA-11 Hall-A OST
Climactic Reasoning - Danganronpa 2 OST
Every Day Is Night - VA-11 Hall-A OST
Those Who Dwell In The Shadows - VA-11 Hall-A OST
Empty Ocean - Loop Hero OST
Joy - Persona 3 OST
Underground Club - VA-11 Hall-A OST
Your Love Is A Drug - VA-11 Hall-A OST
GO!GO!STYLE - Paradise Killer OST
Like A Dream Come True - Persona 4 OST
Thanks for watching!
This video is dedicated to my friend, Alotryx.
#acerola #graphics #gamedev #unity3d #graphics #shaders
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The Unity Awards nomination voting is live! It'd make me super happy if you submitted my name (if you think I am deserving).
unity.com/awards?
Wooo! My boy Acerola got. that. sponsorship. Lets gooooooo
thanks, employed "_t" Acerola, you brilliant goblin
is that the real Dan Salvato at 25:02?
@@NotGabe001 yeah we are moots on twt
@@Acerola_t done, thanks for the tutorial, I'll try to implement this myself!
99% of graphics programmers quit right before a 0.001% increase in performance
LOL
literally me except I quit when I get an opengl error before starting
release quote
@@NILLANEAB Or with vulkan/dx12, when you get a fatal memory error before you've even initialized the gpu device object.
I use the same logic for gambling.
next challenge. have the water sync with the weather. The Beaufort Scale is a good reference for windspeed - wave height. waves can be 70+ feet high, and there can also be zero waves. once you have successfully incorporated weather....and the moon, then you will have simulated the ocean.
As a physics major, I am simultaneously triggered and amused about you saying "Richard Faynmen" while displaying an image of Jack Quaid.
Putting a cat video on the ad is an amazing idea first ad i haven t skipped in a while
I'm really curious how good the new built-in water system is in Unity HDRP. It seems to do ....most of what you showed.
21:06
Dani:WHAT DID YOU SAY ABOUT UNITYS PARTICLE SYSTEMS?
Bro could be figuring this all out for a major game studio, or could be developing all this and patenting his coding or whatever this is. But instead he lays it all out on the table for all of us to watch and try to understand😂
Fun fact the fast fourrier transform could have prevented the cold war altogether if we knew about it sooner
I'm not sure how to articulate it, but I wonder if it's possible to sample the wave function in screen space? Only generate wave geometry for the portion of the ocean that is visible using the tessellation shader, and sampling the wave function for all of it instead of repeating textures?
simulating air/flight physics next XD
i got about 11 minutes in while listening intently before realising i'm almost completely lost
Get this man a Nobel Prize
What happened to your trailer/mobile home? You're just standing in the dark depths of mathematics now.
I moved into my own place and also my parents sold it lol
I like your funny words magic man
Yall think there is gonna be real time ocean simulation in subnautica 3?
thanks for the cat vid
I liked the video so far except the 1 billion unnecesary memes lol
6:32 maybe I am wrong here but shouldn't you get a delta peak instead of height one? Or did you normalise for the volume?
Penrose tilings ftw
It’s kind of ironic how Fourier actually invented his famous formula to predict when/how the tides of the ocean would occur and now in recent times people rediscovered that it could be used to simulate the very same thing it was meant to describe all along
Edit: What I meant to say was that one of the very first uses of the Fourier Series was to predict tidal motion (Sir Kelvin was the one who actually did the thing alongside the mechanical integrator! It's a very cool story too! )
My understanding is that Fourier created the method for solving the differential equations involved in modelling heat diffusion in metal plates? I don't think this is correct :/
Citation: Mémoire sur la propagation de la chaleur dans les corps solides (1807)
I think it was Kelvin that used the formula to predict waves
Well of course it could that's just basic correlation isn't it? Many mathematical formulas can work the same
@@_zedsdead_ Yes, Fourier invented the Fourier series to develop an equation for how heat diffuses through a metal plate, then for a general heat equation.
The Fourier transform is pretty ubiquitous in any situation dealing with waves, and a LOT of things can be broken down by describing them as waves.
I don't understand 95% of the things you say but I always find it fascinating.
Chilling with Persona songs and hard math
i like your funny words magic man
I understand maybe 75% of what he’s saying and I am still amazed by this guy’s creativity
I don't really care about any of this, my monkey brain just clicks on random videos.
@@DemoniteBL vibe
FFT really is like magic. I spent like two months understanding it a few years ago and now I've completely forgotten
Fr same as an electric engineering student
I've gotta hand it to you. You have some of the best shader content anywhere on the internet. It's digestible, entertaining, and informative.
not to mention his aesthetic
absolutely love his video style
@@stevenmathews7621_Black Scene_
Right!? I wish I had this when I was first getting into computer graphics in highschool.
The meme way of learning!
oh yes, digestible
Honestly, 2 things I very recently learned upon doing 3D are just how weak computers are compared to what I had in my mind (which was at the level of "just generate noise in real time and it will take 0.1% of CPU kek") and at the same time just how insanely optimized any game is and how many smart solutions have to be built in order to get gorgeous visuals while maintaining performance!
we need organic computers NOW! xD
donate your brains@@prismalglue
At the same time, computer game graphics had become realistic and lifelike drastically in the short time frame since the dawn of PC gaming. Only shortfall for most games are mostly physic like realistic object collision and voxel that makes objects "solid" since many game objects are just textured empty "box" or shell if that make sense? And lastly the AI or bots logic like npc that doesn't relied on developer's influences which has a long way to come yet imo.
You can apply almost the same FFT for waves for grass blowing in the wind without obvious tiling.
I can not thank you enough for your contributions to the Unity shader coding scene. I have been wanting to add more water/flooded areas to my game, but have been avoiding it due to the performance impact/obvious tiling issues that existing water simulations on the marketplace have.
I can't imagine how validating it must be to have your opinion backed by the Oceanographic Literature.
0:01 sorry i pe 2 much 😊
2 much lemanades
@@Shabaz430 im drinkes 2 mush pee
possibly the best comment ever made
are you fkn 12?
this comment is so stupidly funny
using Jack Quaid as the onscreen representation for Richard Feynman made me laugh harder than it had any right to
I know who neither of these people are 👍💯‼️💯
@@paninisauce6949 Richard Feynman was a physicist. Jack Quaid played him in Oppenheimer (albeit briefly) but is more known for playing Hughie in The Boys
@@jbritain Richard Feynman was such a guy. I'd recommend reading his memoir where he details breaking into classified desks at Los Alamos and leaving silly notes for fun, being obsessed with the bongos, and much more.
@@purple-flowers my physics teacher used to tell us stories about some of the funnier stuff he did, will look into that
came to say the same. I laughed way too much from it :D
I think you should continue to use your 1660 to benchmark your projects to prevent the rebound effect on optimization caused by newer and faster hardware
when i get a new pc yeah i'll keep the 1660 around hopefully
17:15 This image and the line "in truth, this is because our lighting model forgot how light works" Is making me laugh a lot
Another banger from the funniest technical artist on TH-cam. You do such a great job telling a story and providing dense info in a super digestible manner.
I am so ready for that principled BRDF video!
Excellent video as always!
It looks so impressive in the end and honestly working with enterprise software (that takes 45 second to load a single page of 20 customer requests) I tend to forget that computers can do this kind of magic! Your videos kinda make me motivated towards programming
On another note, that transition to sponsor is very good
Working in backend did that to you, but also I think acerola said in his pixel sorting algorithm video that a CPU, which you and I used everyday in enterprise software is Smarter Slower, but a GPU which he uses in the shader program is Stupid Faster (and yet it can still do a mind blowing approximation of an entire ocean waves in real time)
And then you have entreprise software which is Stupid Slower.
Really, running on the CPU is no excuse for modern software being slow.
@@yan-amarits probably due partly to network requests, which realistically is not something that can be solved. Many times even the server you make network requests to have to make other network/api request. But yes some software is just terrible as well
Especially since on a higher-range laptop's CPU, you can run a rough equivalent of a local ChatGPT now, and still have resources for other stuff. It's crazy what our chips are capable of when programs are optimized for them.
It would be cool to have this as a live wallpaper, with the wave parameters slowly changing over time (or perhaps using weather data?) so the ocean looks somewhat different every time you get to see it.
Nice wallpaper engine idea
That's absolutely doable, if I ever get around to installing Unity, maybe I could modify the project to pull weather data and package it up into a Wallpaper Engine wallpaper.
@@YdenPL is it done?
@@YdenPL is it done?
@@YdenPL is it done?
i just finished a class on numerical methods a few days ago and already i am getting flashbacks
also the way you "removed" tiling at the end was really impressive
it was quite clear what needed to be done to everyone who understood the topic.
@@stanleyyyyyyyyyyyGet off your high horse. There's no reason to put down other people's understanding, especially when the one in question was still learning.
@@stanleyyyyyyyyyyy no processor can efficiently calculate the size of the stick up your ass
Now do fire.
This video (and the previous) COMPLETELY sold me on Fourier Transforms and FFT. I'm going to Uni so I hope I'll have the opportunity to learn more about them (and maybe make an ocean a quarter as good as yours)
2:30
You can’t just say, “a normal person” and then show jerma, arguably the least normal person
was about to post this same thing.
Your videos became a lot easier to understand after going to college for a few semesters.
It’s so cool seeing these otherwise abstract tools of vector calculus and differential equations I’ve learned about or heard about throughout college in such a creative and artistic context. Never stop!
Babe wake up, acerola released a new video
I was looking if someone already said this, but I wasn't expecting it within *3 minutes* you're insane (in a good way)
This got me good
that was fast
why is bros name areola
this is the hardest my minor in applied math has ever had to work, and I'm not even trying to implement it myself yet...at least I actually recognized 90% of the terms you said without having to look them up! amazing video!
i think this counts as the best follow up video of all time
This is amazing! Reducing tiling by throwing more FFTs at it was really interesting as well. I’m now thinking about what could be done to further improve the sea foam, because the solution was (relatively) simple, so I think there’s room for some neat additions.
Maybe a vertical offset of some kind to give it the impression of having volume and adjusting the rate at which it appears and fades to make it a bit more ‘sticky’?
Probably experimenting with different decay functions would be the easiest way. I didn't really spend much time innovating the foam cause it's kinda tacked on. It is the same method that every game uses as far as I'm aware, the biggest difference between mine and others is that since I don't use a texture for the foam appearance I don't blur the accumulated foam tex in order to keep it noisy and pseudo detailed to prevent it from obviously being a flat color.
@@Acerola_t seems like you'd want to adjust the material properties for the foam as well. do you apply the compliment of the fresnel to your scattered light component of your surface material? i think that is warranted, but maybe it's all bs enough to not matter.
Your vids are genuinely great for falling asleep
only a little insulting!
@@Acerola_t ill be honest im using it to fall asleep rn but it seems interesting enough that i might rewatch it after i wake up and pay attention
I love how all the math I learned in my Physics studies shows up in unexpected places like real time rendering. Never thought I'd hear about the Jacobian outisde of my simulations and modeling course.
FFT's are still continues to amaze me, seriously. Our life would be very different without them. Also your channel amazes me too! Your use of math with Unity is insane. There are few questions i want to ask, how did you learn all of this? At school or all by yourself? If at school what was your major?
I have a bachelors in computer science but I taught myself most of this stuff
@@Acerola_t Thanks for the reply! Your channel is really amazing, so much to learn.
All I want is a nice ocean to render in the background of a scene, but I failed algebra 😢
Thank you for being a technical artist to all of us!
What you're doing will enable the rest of us to make MUCH better games!
You're by far the most entertaining resource on how complex shaders and simulations work but you still maintain a very professional quality in results. There are others who make the same kind of content but you have knowledge and skills on par with AAA devs when it comes to what you do.
To be fair it's cause I was a AAA dev
@@Acerola_t I know, I just wanted to say that you're giving people free education on things that take years of school and industry experience. It's a real talent to make graphics optimization and math as entertaining as you do. 👍
Okay, the notification Acerola: Simulating the Entire Ocean
definitely looked to me at a glance like 'Stimulating the entire Areola'
i need that tutorial
2:39 Your definition of a normal person is Jerma???
It’s been like ten years since I first heard about Fourier Transforms and because of you I finally know what they are ❤
its insane how much better it looks while also improving the performance
as a music producer its really interesting to me how working in the frequency domain is so much better than the time domain as when working with music you have to sample the waveform in time before you can start working in frequency, so i would have initially assumed the exact opposite. thinking about it now though, it definitely makes sense why its so powerful since any conceivable wave can be represented by a set of frequencies and phases
i'd love to see more like this, its really interesting to see how waves can be used in graphics and not just audio
WOW this is beautiful.
thanks king
someone once said, "If you want to simulate every particle in the ocean, you must have a computer the size of the ocean."
Black Flag had the first ocean in a videogame that felt believeable to me
25:08 I feel personally attacked by ”I have had like one hundred tabs open this whole month for this project alone”. Can relate.
Very impressive and fascinating. And it explaines why oceans in movies and games always look so fundamentally wrong. I have been sailing for my entire life and leanred how to read waves. True waves are curved from above too and have directional waves in different regions all of which you can see from pretty far away to the smallest detail.
Warning : Adult Mathematics
(That's some tasty water right there)
@0:33 I’m having a stroke
Great video Rōra Hime
if you could do river water flow shader stuff in the future that would be epic!
and maybe even how to have it flow seamlessly into oceans
Amazing video acerola! Every video I watch makes me want to learn more about shader programming!
Seen a comment that said “ 0:01 sorry I pe too much” bro what 💀
i love pe
I appreciate the effort you put into your videos Acerola
Damn you for putting a cat on the side during your ad read, literally forcing me to not skip it.
(╯°□°)╯︵ ┻━┻
so much of this happens to line up with what i'm learning in my digital audio theory class
Yes another acerola video
The Va-11 Hall-A music in the background was a nice touch.
putting a cat video to the side of an ad is genius
2 WEEKS?!? This shit would take me like 2 years to fucking read, understand, and implement. Wow. Amazing work. Subscription added!
24:12, you could dig a little deeper on the frequencies used here. If you use prime numbers for frequencies, they will tile on a much larger square, because prime numbers have the biggest LCM (Least Common Multiple). I use this trick for procedurally generate huge tiling textures from tiny samples.
the tiling is actually gated by the resolution of the textures, since all of this is being precomputed into textures that the ocean mesh then samples.
If GPUs are ever fast enough to calculate the fft per vertex, then yeah this would be applicable knowledge, but we'll probably die first.
@@Acerola_t No, you got it wrong. There's no need for FFT. If you sample the textures, such that for each vertex v, for each texture t, the height of the vertex, or color of the pixel, is equal to the sum of t_i mod t_i_len, the size of the "tiles" is equal to LCM(t_1, ..., t_n). If the sizes of the textures are prime number length, which is the optimal length for this technique, you can get huge tiles with tiny textures. It's a well known technique.
If rockstar games don’t perfect the ocean then imagine how lame gta6 would be forreal. Florida = WATER
I'm playing through Danganronpa 2 again and in the middle of the video I just started hearing music from the game. Definitely wasn't expecting that but it is a great song. In the credits though you write it as Climatic Reasoning when the title is actually Climax Reasoning.
it's so odd being an audio producer while watching this because i understand almost all of the terms being used in this video but i know none of the math behind all of these terms as i just instinctively know what each term means because of what it does to sounds in real life and in a daw. everything i see makes sense to me but also just doesn't and it hurts my brain lmao. also i have seen both the "time domain" and "frequency domain" graphs before as one is a spectrogram and the other is the visual aspect of an EQ. like i said everything here i have seen before except the math... now i'm thinking i should learn the math so i can have an even better understanding of what everything in my daw does...
When you initially introduced Fourier transforms, you compared it to DnD, which ironically i know less about lmao
i haven't watched the video completely yet, but you caould look into single tile tessalation. It was recently proved that you can, using only one tile, create a non-recurring surface.
Erm actually when I think of the best looking water I think of subnautica.
I like the monogatari type of intro
I just love your humor
Can't have your cake and eat it too? Just bake more cakes of course!
Keep it up Acerola
Richard Feynman is pronounced FINE-man, not FAYN-man. Also, you included a picture of Jack Quaid, not Richard Feynman.
i am ngl i love your videos, but this is probably the first time i have almost no idea what is going on. i think i'll have to watch this video when i'm more knowledgeable in math.
I love you mentioned Euler's formula, because you also took the reference from Monogatari Series as your brand and Euler was mentioned in Zoku Owarimonogatari too. Cool video btw, I like it (despite I studied in food technology field lmao)
Allegory of the Cave and $14.32 at a 5-star restaurant but you get $1 more every two years.
Tell them to simulate the whole ocean!
Tell them to simulate the whole ocean!
Tell them to simulate the whole ocean!
TELL EM TO SIMULATE THE WHOLE OCEAN
24:33 I won't fall for your gaslighting treachery!!!
Idk when I discovered your channel but I've been watching for a pretty decent time.
I think what got me hooked at first was the Persona 2 music in one of your videos. Then the Monogatari styled editing pulled me in even further. What sealed the deal was the topics you talked about. Hope you keep it up, Acerola. Frfr
3:23 This is actually called disintegrate in dnd 5e and its a level 6 spell. but go on.
Ready for a greater challenge?
Take a Fourier transform of a heightmap and then recreate the style as a procedurally generated infinite map. Imagine an infinite BOTW map that has the signature of the original.
☝🤓ACTUALLY... You can only recompose waves that are infinite and periodic, because that's one of the premises of the Fourier transform, with many implications. One of them is that at any point in the wave all frecuencies must have the same presence, so a reconstructed piano key would sound ghostly and monotonous, without punchy transients or fading out over time.
Watchdogs will forever have the best water render I have ever seen in my life. Not really related just needed to say it lmao
I like the title "I Tried Simulating The Entire Ocean" much more than "Here's How Much Smarter I Am Than You" 😆
Nah.. all joking aside, this is quite amazing.
You did an amazing job w/ tackling this material, and even explaining it all in an easy-to-understand manner.
Uhh, my first thought was "hey that water looks like the gta5 water!
Today I saw a function that had a jump in math class which made me think of you
I dunno why that happened
Simmulate piss
How can you say sea of thieves water is the best looking it's a bloody cartoon effect and looks like a SOLID MASS with NO volume no depth with transparency 100% no reflecting . I Dont really see the point of watching the rest of the video if these are your 3D standards Well below the bar mate. video ends 0:13
lol
1:13 SLIME!
I LOL'd at "Mr Rola"...
In Brazil it's another name for dick...
Minecraft 🗿
Just Cause 3 uses Nvidia Waveworks for its ocean simulation, and it looks *really* good.
yeah my simulation works the exact same way
@@Acerola_tyeah, doesn’t waveworks do buoyancy too?