It would be an awesome way to die, if you could pick any way at all to go, (preferably, when you’re very, very old?) and if the black hole was Super Massive? You would then have plenty of, “time,” to watch the universe age and see it’s future unfold before your eyes, provided you entered with a super powerful telescope with a depth perception good enough to seethe CMB? Otherwise you’d only see the future of your own galaxy unfold, as the rest of the universe expanded faster and faster. But, even then, the aperture of view would start shrinking, until the whole view was compressed into an infinitely small dot, much like the singularity you are heading toward, at which point, I suggest you take your cyanide pill (you did remember your cyanide pill, right?) or you have nothing to look, ahem, “forward,” to but spaghettification. Oh, but those first few days of wonder . . . Worth it! 😁
I majored in physics in college. Almost every video's title makes me think the content will be simple and I won't learn anything. I am ALWAYS wrong. You have a very brilliant way of thinking and explaining concepts. I love and appreciate your videos!
Exactly what I thought before clicking on this one. "Why can't you escape a Black Hole?" didn't sound any special. But Nick's videos are always amazing, so I watched it anyway. Wasn't disappointed.
I’m in my 50’s and I watch this because my daughter recommended the channel to me, saying, (and I quote) “It helps with my studies.” Did I mention? She’s studying for her doctorate in physics and is about to publish her first paper. All to do with using light to see through people’s skin and organs, to identify and zap cancer cells. It really is ok to be a little crazy 😉✌️
@@haulin : Right? Most any other explanation you see talks about the topology (or, “shape”) of space and how it gets warped, which is intuitive and easier for lay-minds to grasp. This guy wants us to get past the lazier, intuitive explanations, which are so misleading a lot of the time, and to really, “get it.” It’s called, “Space-Time,” for a reason, right? I had never thought about it from the perspective of time, and, “no other future.” As a former trainer, I can tell you, the hardest part of teaching concepts is coming up with analogies and explanations to convey new ideas. This guy must work round the clock? But, why he condemned a squirrel to spaghettification is probably a topic for a separate discussion? 😉
I get (as much as anyone can REALLY get this stuff) the explanation of why all futures past a certain point WILL enter the black hole. But...why are "all possible futures" initially represented by 45 degrees left or right of the current time vector? Shouldn't that really be 90 degrees each way (assuming one could eventually reach the speed of light)? Of course that would throw a wrench in the works, as that parabolic curve will never be PERFECTLY perpendicular to the "x-axis", meaning there's always that slight, sliver of a chance of a possible future that doesn't enter the black hole. Hmmmmm....
"Black holes capture the future." That small simple sentence is absolutely the best example of why including time is necessary to the comprehension of relative motion.
But I wonder why it catches it at a fast rate and not at a slow or medium rate. It’s like time itself flows at the speed of light and in order for the black hole to work, it needs to go faster than the speed of light and causality (time).
I don't think time itself has a rate separate from space-time. "Gravity is geometry." Based upon the space-time diagram he used, appears to me that the future becomes captured at any speed. All perspectives are equally valid, so something can be "slowly" approaching yet the curvature of space-time due to the incredible mass of the black hole will still limit outside-the-event horizon destinations the closer that something gets to it until all possible futures are inside.
I’m literally on my third viewing and getting a bit more of it, each time I come back. I always thought of it as to do with the warping of space, but it’s not called, “space-time,” for nothing, right? Oh, the pain in my head 😵💫
Such a novel explanation, you've completely redefined black holes from a common man's perspective. The sentence "our future is curved into the black hole" just gives me goosebumps. As usual great job Nick...💚
Basically you can't escape because time stops inside a Black Hole. Speed is movement over time. Remove the time, you remove all movement......no matter how fast your ship is, you cannot move because no time has passed.
Having taught people myself, in a previous life, I second that. The hardest part is coming up with those analogies and simple (sounding) explanations that lock in your student’s intuition along with the conceptual content. When you hear, “there are no other futures beyond that boundary,” the sheer elegance and simplicity of that explanation belies all of the hard work and brain-sweating that went into creating it and teeing it up, just right, so that we all go, “Ahhh, right, I get it now.” This guy is a genius in his own right. 👍
Ok let's see if I can help here... The spacetime diagram and the "future cone" (4:30) represent where you are in a specific moment in time. Since you can't go faster than light in the future you can't be anywhere else than any point in the future cone. For example you can't be at Proxima Centauri tomorrow because that star is at more than 4 lightyears away from you. So you would take some time to reach it even at the speed of light. Now what gravity does isn't pulling you (tough it seems like it does) but deforming spacetime, so in the example of the squirrel entering the black hole the "future" isn't going straight forward but is bending toward the black hole so the squirrel future cone is more and more bent toward the black hole
All right I should have been supporting you on patreon a lot sooner. This one convinced me. I tought I was getting bored with physics videos after all this time, but I love how: 1- you put the emphasis on debunking the common misinterpretations 2-animations 3-fasssfasstt
But goes on to tell you the right answer which excludes the misinterpretation. If you now have both interpretations then you can go research them both and draw your own conclusion, which you should do.
The 2-d rubber sheet model is easier to demonstrate how gravity curves space time. But I do like how the 3-d model gives you a clearer visual understanding.
The Science Asylum no excuses! If you really want to make that happen, you can make it happen. Its not that all your possible future timelines prevent you from doing it ;)
I've watched a lot (and I mean a LOT) of videos on space-time curvature and black holes, but your very last sentence just illuminated every explanations I've had until now : "black holes don't capture objects, black holes capture the future". This piece of explanation nailed it for me.
Been following your videos for quite some time. This one is exceptional for me as it helps me explain about black hole to my friends. The term is quite dangerous for many people as it has been loaded with irresponsible 'mystical' conceptions; something that also happens to the term 'quantum'. Thanks and keep it going (not into the black hole though I hope), Nick!
Back in the '50's and early '60's we had Professor Julius Sumner Miller, a teacher at Rio Hondo community college and frequent guest on the Mickey Mouse Club and Don Herbert, who had his own show (Mr Wizard). Both showed different principles in physics on a very fundamental level. Today we have you, teaching on an exponentially higher level, yet still entertaining. Thank you!
Just Me Miller was also on a weird 1970s Canadian variety show called the Hilarious House of Frightenstein. He learned me up (in reruns-I’m not that old!) in Bernoulli’s principle!
Finally someone made the singularity make sense in layman’s terms. Thanks! I’ve been wrestling with the apparent discontinuity for years. Decades even.
I like this! Greatly appreciate you showing the actual math instead of avoiding it. Also LOVE how you eschew those two-dimensional portrayals of gravity as a flat flexible sheet. Those always bugged me. Great video!
At the start of the video he said that you couldn't escape a black hole EVEN IF you could go faster than light. So he did contradict himself. Pay attention. Also, nobody knows if there will ever be a way to go faster than light. It seems unlikely given what we know, but that doesn't mean it's impossible.
Pay attention to where he describes the relativistic light cone path to see where you are incorrect. Beyond the event horizon you can never go back because you would literally need to go backwards in time not just accelerate to many times faster than light, both of which are impossible AFAWKI in normal (or even the abnormal of a singularity) "spacetime". Which is called that for a reason.
Well isn't going faster than light inevitably also going backwards in time? I mean, of course that's not really possible, but if he grants the assumption that a thing could go faster than light, then he also has to grant the assumption that this thing can go backwards in time.
Oh my goodness this cleared up so many misconceptions! Thank you! And just to clarify: does the light cone of the squirrel point toward the black hole because it's following the spacetime geometry? And could you use this wonderful tool of the spacetime diagram to explain the differences between the perspectives of an accelerated observer and an observer falling into the hole? That's never made much sense to me.
Great reply and questions, I've never heard the video content explained this way before; it makes so much actual sense compared to everything else I've seen on this topic. Hoping for a response that tackles your questions! This guy is the best astrophysics teacher I've ever seen.
I've considered myself a casual science nerd for most of my life now. As a kid I always loved going to the library to check out what science books I could find. But I was still left with so many misconceptions and unanswered questions that I've never really been able to understand. That is until I found this channel. Now Nick is slowly destroying all the misconceptions I had grown up with while also making me realize just how deep these topics go. I just want to say I wish I had known about this stuff years ago!
You sir are one of my favorites on TH-cam, I look forward to every single one of your videos. I know these videos are a ton of work, just know there are people out there who really do appreciate your time and effort - thank you for all your hard work. Ohh and thank you for making me feel like its ok to be a "little" crazy ;)
@@ScienceAsylum don't be discouraged by those black holes that don't appreciate your time and effort. If you don't be careful, they'll suck! Your future possibilities, that is.
The Science Asylum That's really crazy. You can point your ship "outwards" and accelerate and you'll only be going faster towards the center singularity (Even if you somehow survived entering the BH).
@@robinsuj I just understood you can not point outward as all spacetime paths point inward to the singularity at the center, there is no outward inside a black hole
This is “Alice through the looking glass” physics - I am sure Lewis Carroll would have been intrigued.The idea of space-time cones and future possibilities being used instead of think of black holes as gravitational ‘plug holes’ is pure genius and helps to address the preconceptions you describe beautifully. Mind if I use this video with my A level students?
I make these videos available to everyone through TH-cam. As long as you play/share the video _at this link using TH-cam,_ the views go to my video and there's no problem. Teachers play my videos in their classes through TH-cam all the time.
I always thought that PBS might be better because of there high level animations and all but YOU Nick proved me wrong and made me KNOW *" Don't judge a book by its cover "* you're the best and simplest explaner. Love you.... Keep making stuff and explaining simply....
"Black holes don't capture objects - they capture the future!" Mind. Blown. Your 3d animation of gravity was really good by the way. I literally paused the video and exclaimed "That is so cool!"
No, it's not clear enough. I'm having to yet again rethink everything I thought I knew even though I knew it needed rethinking. I think. You deserve a million subscribers, keep going.
Thanks so much for your clear explanation! There's still a part that is unclear to me though... Seen from the squirrel, nothing special happens when it crossed the horizon right? But what if it was able to hover just over the horizon and it sticks it's toes through it? At that moment the signals from its toes are not able to reach the rest of his body right? So when it pulls back, it'd have lost it's toes right? Also, from outside the horizon, you can't see fall anything through it right, cause all clocks stop there seen from outside. But what would the squirrel hovering above it see then when it tries to put it's toes through it?
Hey Nick, I loooooooovvvvvvvveeeeeeee your channel. I haven't seen such a brilliant science channel in my whole life. The content is amazing. Videos are daily. Please continue doing these amazing videos. I watch all your new videos. I like the concept of talking to the viewers from concepts and turning them into videos. So, I want to ask about quantum gravity. I know I am asking too much but I have seen concepts of gravity done on this channel so easily the it was just a cake walk(but actually it is very very difficult to understand). I hope you see my comment. Again, love your channel. This channel deserves more subscribers than there are atoms in the whole of the observable universe.......
The Science Asylum wow! You just linked to another channel's video! Wow! You just want us to learn! I love that! I don't think you wanted me to think that and be manipulative 😂
Great vid! Lately, I've been starting to understand that modern physics is hard, but only because we try to understand it using layman/classical models. It's like trying to fit carpet that isn't designed to fit into your room! You gotta find the RIGHT model/viewpoint (i.e. the right interpretations needed to make sense of relativity and such), and most of these interpretations are just way skewed off from our normal, everyday intuitions and experiences. That is what I think of modern physics so far. It's like how everyone talks about the event horizon as needing to travel faster than light to escape it, but as you said, THAT is with *classical* reasoning! Thanks for the wisdom.
I sometimes think, that a cave man would find classical physics to be even more abstract, than modern physics is to us. Our classical thinking about the world is quit abstract, when you think about it. How would you tell the said cave man, what a "force" is? Something, that has a direction and can accelerate mass...? But we are used to it. And in some time, the society will get used to modern physics... which could give birth to new ideas. It's not, as if that cave man would be stupid or anything. He just lives in a different world, which doesn't serve as a good fundament for our view of the world.
Excellent video Nick. Now I gotta write a song about entering a black hole, never escaping, and that the future is a black hole one you've entered. Haha
this vid completely changed my view of black hole. Impressive. Now I can understand why scientists say after crossing event horizon, the space time would be swapped. U may move between time, but u may not move in space no more.
th-cam.com/video/qPKj0YnKANw/w-d-xo.html There you go, they not actually orginate from "below" the event horizon, but they more like a "surface" phenomenon, with some interesting twist.
What happens is when virtual particles take energy from the edge of the event horizon one particle falls into the black hole and the other goes the opposite direction, that energy from the edge of the black hold therefore is emitted in the form of those virtual particles “Hawking Radiation”
The thing about hawking radiation is it might make the idea of falling into a black hole a completely moot point. It theoretically creates a quantum firewall that basically atomizes any matter it comes into contact with. So any reference frame that falls into a black hole just gets obliterated, most of its energy radiating back out as extra hawking radiation. Nicks video about falling into a blackhole doesn't really take quantum effects into account. It's based almost entirely on relativity. I'm pretty sure he's basically right about the outside observer. They'd basically see you slow down in time and then red shift into black. The firewall model says that before you can hit the event horizon and fall through, you hit the hawking radiation which as you approach it is being red shifted but by the time you get really close to the event horizon the freshly created radiation has a huge amount of energy. Enough to destroy basically anything that falls in. So you don't benignly fall in and then spaghettify. The nature of relativistic time in relation to the singularity is interesting but nothing could survive to make the trip to actually experience it. The fact that nothing can escape it makes a lot of sense because no thing can actually fall into it.
Dude!!!.. Literally.. Your last sentence tied it altogether!.. I'm serious!..I was listening and trying to keep up.. But still hadn't understand.. Then you tied it all up!.. Very cool
I've seen this request many times, Nick has to be putting one together. He is just game-of-thrOwning us! (Though Nick would, perhaps, prefer a Star Wars-related gerund to describe it.)
I want to understand the nature of gravity, spacetime, and black holes. I keep coming back to this video. "black holes capture the future" was very enlightening. Thank you.
How would we know whether or not we already live inside a black hole (or inside a black hole inside a black hole, etc.)? What does the space-time curvature inside a black hole look like? does it spiral (if the black hole is spinning) is it "straight" down (as in defining the trajectory of light as "straight")? So many questions. Black holes truely are fascinating! Keep the good stuff going :)
@Gerben van Straaten Unless of course our perception is skewed. The reason there is still the question of if we are or not is because that logic has the reasoning of a place removed from spacetime, inside of the black hole. But if our perception of it is just perceiving the actual singularity all around us, we wouldn't really be able to tell. We have no frame of reference beyond inside the hole, so we could still be living in it. Not so easy, lol.
theglitchinthematrix Yes, a glimpse into completely altered (simply put - "shot") neural signaling which never stood next to "natural function". Nothing more, nothing less, no matter how astonishing it is.
We live in blackhole speculations come from holographic principle theory, problem is that when you actually study it you will see that information "preserved" is a mess or squashed matter millions of degrees hot. Its highly unlikely it allows something like universe inside a universe. Also the singularity comes from math. In reality there may not be any singularity whatsoever, its just that our math breaks, so we call it that.
However, what if we are inside of a physically extreme event that is analogous to a black hole that could only exist in a 4D universe? One that causes light to move in a path at a fixed velocity, rather than being able to "teleport" from point to point (think the doors in Monsters Inc.)? One where the fourth dimension is crippled into what we perceive as time, thus the reason light, and everything that has some velocity of some kind, does so on a path with no instantaneous jump between points in space? Singularities are points in space, 1D. That's two dimensions stripped away, and the closer you move towards the singularity, the more and more 2D your future becomes.
You deserve more subscribers. At least a million. But silly pranks and cat videos and k-pops will get to the millions club faster than your channel. That's genuinely sad and makes me pessimistic about the "future" of all of us.
Beautiful explanation! I really got a better understanding of the black hole and inability to escape it. U see, it is not about "inability to escape" but your very "future in spacetime" gets redefined to stay within the BH horizon!! Thank you sir.
That's the most confusion video! You just shattered half my knowledge about space! But I am glad you did, room for more information. Wait! What is information?
I kinda knew that the problem wasn't about mass and velocity, but space-time curvature. But the actual explanation still blew my mind. gonna search for more on this
THANK YOU!! While trying to get info into this topic I watched a bunch of vids talking about the speed of gravity, as if it was grabbing stuff and pulling it in. But you answered my question, and perfectly broke it down.... F'in right subbed and bell.
Finally! Someone shows the full 3-D shape of a body in the Space-Time Continuum! I've liked the 2-D rubber sheet thing, as it gives a misconception of the reality. Thank-you. and Thumbs-up. :-)
"Black holes capture the future"
The moment real physics trascend even the craziest sci-fi concepts.
right. star tek verse can watch a sce fi about earth's universe and be amazed
Hm?
@@elcidgaming i guess warp speed might escape a black hole i think that happened in star trek
@@jorgepeterbarton Only if you can warp spacetime inside yes its possible. I need someone to do the math part for me tho
It would be an awesome way to die, if you could pick any way at all to go, (preferably, when you’re very, very old?) and if the black hole was Super Massive? You would then have plenty of, “time,” to watch the universe age and see it’s future unfold before your eyes, provided you entered with a super powerful telescope with a depth perception good enough to seethe CMB? Otherwise you’d only see the future of your own galaxy unfold, as the rest of the universe expanded faster and faster. But, even then, the aperture of view would start shrinking, until the whole view was compressed into an infinitely small dot, much like the singularity you are heading toward, at which point, I suggest you take your cyanide pill (you did remember your cyanide pill, right?) or you have nothing to look, ahem, “forward,” to but spaghettification. Oh, but those first few days of wonder . . . Worth it! 😁
I majored in physics in college. Almost every video's title makes me think the content will be simple and I won't learn anything. I am ALWAYS wrong. You have a very brilliant way of thinking and explaining concepts. I love and appreciate your videos!
Exactly what I thought before clicking on this one. "Why can't you escape a Black Hole?" didn't sound any special. But Nick's videos are always amazing, so I watched it anyway. Wasn't disappointed.
Me too!! I love this guy!!
I’m in my 50’s and I watch this because my daughter recommended the channel to me, saying, (and I quote) “It helps with my studies.” Did I mention? She’s studying for her doctorate in physics and is about to publish her first paper. All to do with using light to see through people’s skin and organs, to identify and zap cancer cells. It really is ok to be a little crazy 😉✌️
@@haulin : Right? Most any other explanation you see talks about the topology (or, “shape”) of space and how it gets warped, which is intuitive and easier for lay-minds to grasp. This guy wants us to get past the lazier, intuitive explanations, which are so misleading a lot of the time, and to really, “get it.” It’s called, “Space-Time,” for a reason, right? I had never thought about it from the perspective of time, and, “no other future.” As a former trainer, I can tell you, the hardest part of teaching concepts is coming up with analogies and explanations to convey new ideas. This guy must work round the clock? But, why he condemned a squirrel to spaghettification is probably a topic for a separate discussion? 😉
I get (as much as anyone can REALLY get this stuff) the explanation of why all futures past a certain point WILL enter the black hole. But...why are "all possible futures" initially represented by 45 degrees left or right of the current time vector? Shouldn't that really be 90 degrees each way (assuming one could eventually reach the speed of light)? Of course that would throw a wrench in the works, as that parabolic curve will never be PERFECTLY perpendicular to the "x-axis", meaning there's always that slight, sliver of a chance of a possible future that doesn't enter the black hole. Hmmmmm....
"Black holes capture the future." That small simple sentence is absolutely the best example of why including time is necessary to the comprehension of relative motion.
Exactly this sentence was a revelation for me as well. I heard it before but failed to grasp it. This video enabled my brain to wrap arounf it.
@@TheHesseJames yes!
But I wonder why it catches it at a fast rate and not at a slow or medium rate. It’s like time itself flows at the speed of light and in order for the black hole to work, it needs to go faster than the speed of light and causality (time).
I don't think time itself has a rate separate from space-time.
"Gravity is geometry." Based upon the space-time diagram he used, appears to me that the future becomes captured at any speed. All perspectives are equally valid, so something can be "slowly" approaching yet the curvature of space-time due to the incredible mass of the black hole will still limit outside-the-event horizon destinations the closer that something gets to it until all possible futures are inside.
@@Bassotronics Go on ... 🤔
"Let me guess: you saw that video again".
My psychiatrist.
Dude, same!! We should get in contact
I’m literally on my third viewing and getting a bit more of it, each time I come back. I always thought of it as to do with the warping of space, but it’s not called, “space-time,” for nothing, right? Oh, the pain in my head 😵💫
Such a novel explanation, you've completely redefined black holes from a common man's perspective. The sentence "our future is curved into the black hole" just gives me goosebumps. As usual great job Nick...💚
You are beyond any doubt the best at "simplifying" complex physics, without dumbing-down all the rest of us non-physicists. Thank-you.
You're welcome 😊
You can't escape what does not exist.
Basically you can't escape because time stops inside a Black Hole. Speed is movement over time. Remove the time, you remove all movement......no matter how fast your ship is, you cannot move because no time has passed.
You have an amazing ability as a teacher. Thank you for using it.
Having taught people myself, in a previous life, I second that. The hardest part is coming up with those analogies and simple (sounding) explanations that lock in your student’s intuition along with the conceptual content. When you hear, “there are no other futures beyond that boundary,” the sheer elegance and simplicity of that explanation belies all of the hard work and brain-sweating that went into creating it and teeing it up, just right, so that we all go, “Ahhh, right, I get it now.” This guy is a genius in his own right. 👍
The wisdom after 5:50 is continuing to blow my mind. "It's not that you can't escape, it's that you won't"...
So to escape you can’t be fast, fast. You have to be in the past,past. I’ll see myself out
Ha!
But you can get out...
Yes you have to stay in the past. Meaning you just never go in. I guarantee that if you d that, you will be out. Right.
Please do more on the future being captured part. I completely got lost there.
Ok let's see if I can help here...
The spacetime diagram and the "future cone" (4:30) represent where you are in a specific moment in time.
Since you can't go faster than light in the future you can't be anywhere else than any point in the future cone. For example you can't be at Proxima Centauri tomorrow because that star is at more than 4 lightyears away from you. So you would take some time to reach it even at the speed of light.
Now what gravity does isn't pulling you (tough it seems like it does) but deforming spacetime, so in the example of the squirrel entering the black hole the "future" isn't going straight forward but is bending toward the black hole so the squirrel future cone is more and more bent toward the black hole
The ultimate pep-talk: "It's not that you can't escape, it's simply that you WON'T escape!" Hahaha :D
blueckaym I kinda like it in here
'what good is an escape, if you don't have...time....mister anderson....'
All right I should have been supporting you on patreon a lot sooner. This one convinced me. I tought I was getting bored with physics videos after all this time, but I love how:
1- you put the emphasis on debunking the common misinterpretations
2-animations
3-fasssfasstt
Thank you for your support :-)
Well, he does not really debunk them, he just says they are not the right answer. This keeps the videos short.
But goes on to tell you the right answer which excludes the misinterpretation. If you now have both interpretations then you can go research them both and draw your own conclusion, which you should do.
This is the best explaination I found on internet. I have watched it last year and I'm watching again.
Master piece of science, thank you.
I agree! It's time to ban the 2-d rubber sheet model!
Same thing with 2-d rubber sheet black hole funnel model.
Its still a useful depiction to teach small children and politicians.
The 2-d rubber sheet model is easier to demonstrate how gravity curves space time. But I do like how the 3-d model gives you a clearer visual understanding.
Well, politicians anyway. I bet children could learn from a 4d model if they weren't confused with a misleading 2d model first.
I throw my rubber sheets away soon as someone shows me how to bend 3D rubber cube in 4th dimention (space or time I don't care).
it makes more sense with the ways youve explained gravity on other ways. this was actually very helpful.
I expect more videos from this channel than PBS Space Time actually. You got my like again!
If only I could post as often as Matt does...
The Science Asylum
Matt's clock is relativistic, he is slower in everything, so he has more time to post
The Science Asylum no excuses! If you really want to make that happen, you can make it happen. Its not that all your possible future timelines prevent you from doing it ;)
@@Zhardamon You are the one that can make it happen actually by helping removing the need for other jobs and become a generous supporter on Patreon.
@steelmesh
Sole or soul? There is a bit of a difference, though. 😉
This vid is so refreshing, again. Things are explained faulty over and over again, and you make that right. Big thumb up!
you are such a legend! you make me laugh so hard and its very amazing how u explain complex things in such a simple way!!
I've watched a lot (and I mean a LOT) of videos on space-time curvature and black holes, but your very last sentence just illuminated every explanations I've had until now : "black holes don't capture objects, black holes capture the future". This piece of explanation nailed it for me.
You're welcome :-)
Best explanation ever!!
Yep! "Black holes capture the future." Pretty much sums up what others take an age trying to explain.
Been following your videos for quite some time. This one is exceptional for me as it helps me explain about black hole to my friends. The term is quite dangerous for many people as it has been loaded with irresponsible 'mystical' conceptions; something that also happens to the term 'quantum'. Thanks and keep it going (not into the black hole though I hope), Nick!
Back in the '50's and early '60's we had Professor Julius Sumner Miller, a teacher at Rio Hondo community college and frequent guest on the Mickey Mouse Club and Don Herbert, who had his own show (Mr Wizard). Both showed different principles in physics on a very fundamental level. Today we have you, teaching on an exponentially higher level, yet still entertaining.
Thank you!
Just Me
Miller was also on a weird 1970s Canadian variety show called the Hilarious House of Frightenstein.
He learned me up (in reruns-I’m not that old!) in Bernoulli’s principle!
That was the absolute best description of a black hole I've ever seen thank you so much.
Great lesson again! First time I've seen the space time diagram applied at the event horizon. That really put things in their right perspective
Finally someone made the singularity make sense in layman’s terms. Thanks! I’ve been wrestling with the apparent discontinuity for years. Decades even.
I like this! Greatly appreciate you showing the actual math instead of avoiding it. Also LOVE how you eschew those two-dimensional portrayals of gravity as a flat flexible sheet. Those always bugged me. Great video!
The rubber sheet portrayal of gravity is OK to get the idea across for people who have no idea at all?
Such a great way of defining black holes. This has given me a whole new way to think about them.
The idea of "An event horizon has an escape velocity faster than light" always confused me. Thanks for clearing that up.
But that means that by going infinitely faster than light, you could indeed escape the black hole. He contradicted himself.
But you can't. So he didn't.
At the start of the video he said that you couldn't escape a black hole EVEN IF you could go faster than light. So he did contradict himself. Pay attention.
Also, nobody knows if there will ever be a way to go faster than light. It seems unlikely given what we know, but that doesn't mean it's impossible.
Pay attention to where he describes the relativistic light cone path to see where you are incorrect. Beyond the event horizon you can never go back because you would literally need to go backwards in time not just accelerate to many times faster than light, both of which are impossible AFAWKI in normal (or even the abnormal of a singularity) "spacetime". Which is called that for a reason.
Well isn't going faster than light inevitably also going backwards in time? I mean, of course that's not really possible, but if he grants the assumption that a thing could go faster than light, then he also has to grant the assumption that this thing can go backwards in time.
This channel is cool! Subscribed
Oh my goodness this cleared up so many misconceptions! Thank you! And just to clarify: does the light cone of the squirrel point toward the black hole because it's following the spacetime geometry?
And could you use this wonderful tool of the spacetime diagram to explain the differences between the perspectives of an accelerated observer and an observer falling into the hole? That's never made much sense to me.
Great reply and questions, I've never heard the video content explained this way before; it makes so much actual sense compared to everything else I've seen on this topic. Hoping for a response that tackles your questions! This guy is the best astrophysics teacher I've ever seen.
Great vid man I'm addicted to your channel
This video is mind-blowing, Nick. You were very hyped about the animations and they do look really good. Well done to you, my friend.
Thanks!
I've considered myself a casual science nerd for most of my life now. As a kid I always loved going to the library to check out what science books I could find. But I was still left with so many misconceptions and unanswered questions that I've never really been able to understand. That is until I found this channel. Now Nick is slowly destroying all the misconceptions I had grown up with while also making me realize just how deep these topics go. I just want to say I wish I had known about this stuff years ago!
Yet another fantastic video!
For an amatör physics nerd like myself, I must say, I always learn something groundbreaking (for me) from your videos.
Glad you like them :-)
One of your best videos to date, loved this explanation of black holes.
"WHOA DUDE"
Mindblowing, indeed.
Nick, your explanation is absolutely amazing.
"Black holes capture _the future_ "
*6:01*
You do truly amazing work here. Keep it up. You are an inspiration (coming from somebody that will be entering a physics doctorate program next year).
Loved the video! You deserve more subscribers
long time viewer, I bloody love you. This is a great watch
You sir are one of my favorites on TH-cam, I look forward to every single one of your videos. I know these videos are a ton of work, just know there are people out there who really do appreciate your time and effort - thank you for all your hard work. Ohh and thank you for making me feel like its ok to be a "little" crazy ;)
Thanks :-)
@@ScienceAsylum don't be discouraged by those black holes that don't appreciate your time and effort. If you don't be careful, they'll suck! Your future possibilities, that is.
Superrr cool video. Totally new way to look at a black hole explanation.... u r a genius !!
So... if once passed the event horizon all possible paths in space-time lead you to the center of the black hole, then better not to speed up ;)
Indeed!!!!!! Any acceleration would just take you to the central singularity faster!!
The Science Asylum That's really crazy. You can point your ship "outwards" and accelerate and you'll only be going faster towards the center singularity (Even if you somehow survived entering the BH).
@@robinsuj I just understood you can not point outward as all spacetime paths point inward to the singularity at the center, there is no outward inside a black hole
and what happens when you reach singularity?
@@ScienceAsylum What is at the central singularity?
I crack up every time this channel uses the “whoaw” sound! Also, it deserves far more than 100k followers. Keep up the good work!
This is “Alice through the looking glass” physics - I am sure Lewis Carroll would have been intrigued.The idea of space-time cones and future possibilities being used instead of think of black holes as gravitational ‘plug holes’ is pure genius and helps to address the preconceptions you describe beautifully. Mind if I use this video with my A level students?
I make these videos available to everyone through TH-cam. As long as you play/share the video _at this link using TH-cam,_ the views go to my video and there's no problem. Teachers play my videos in their classes through TH-cam all the time.
Solved many doubts and gave a different view on the black holes...
Nice work
it just changed my whole perspective towards black hole
I always thought that PBS might be better because of there high level animations and all but YOU Nick proved me wrong and made me KNOW *" Don't judge a book by its cover "* you're the best and simplest explaner. Love you.... Keep making stuff and explaining simply....
"Black holes don't capture objects - they capture the future!"
Mind. Blown.
Your 3d animation of gravity was really good by the way. I literally paused the video and exclaimed "That is so cool!"
Thanks! I worked really hard on that.
@@ScienceAsylum You did a good job!
@@ScienceAsylum it shows!
Top notch explaining, as always!
No, it's not clear enough. I'm having to yet again rethink everything I thought I knew even though I knew it needed rethinking. I think. You deserve a million subscribers, keep going.
That's proof that knowledge is an illusion
I love your videos. I don't understand much but they're fun to watch.
Love the explanation,got tired of those lines “not even light can escape it”
seriously, you crack me up. great video!......AGAIN!!!!
Thanks so much for your clear explanation!
There's still a part that is unclear to me though...
Seen from the squirrel, nothing special happens when it crossed the horizon right?
But what if it was able to hover just over the horizon and it sticks it's toes through it? At that moment the signals from its toes are not able to reach the rest of his body right? So when it pulls back, it'd have lost it's toes right?
Also, from outside the horizon, you can't see fall anything through it right, cause all clocks stop there seen from outside.
But what would the squirrel hovering above it see then when it tries to put it's toes through it?
Visualizing events inside black holes is a tough mind experiment. For me, your explanations provide very useful tricks to do it 😃. Thx.
No squirrels were harmed in the making of this video.
That really was an elegant explanation. Cheers.
Hey Nick, I loooooooovvvvvvvveeeeeeee your channel. I haven't seen such a brilliant science channel in my whole life. The content is amazing. Videos are daily. Please continue doing these amazing videos. I watch all your new videos. I like the concept of talking to the viewers from concepts and turning them into videos. So, I want to ask about quantum gravity. I know I am asking too much but I have seen concepts of gravity done on this channel so easily the it was just a cake walk(but actually it is very very difficult to understand). I hope you see my comment. Again, love your channel. This channel deserves more subscribers than there are atoms in the whole of the observable universe.......
Quantum gravity is speculative at the moment. Physicists are trying, but failing over and over.
Why are they failing i meant to ask
PBS Space Time actually just did a great video about this: th-cam.com/video/YNEBhwimJWs/w-d-xo.html
Thanks a lot Nick
The Science Asylum wow! You just linked to another channel's video! Wow! You just want us to learn! I love that!
I don't think you wanted me to think that and be manipulative 😂
Great Video! So entertaining and educational.
Great vid! Lately, I've been starting to understand that modern physics is hard, but only because we try to understand it using layman/classical models. It's like trying to fit carpet that isn't designed to fit into your room! You gotta find the RIGHT model/viewpoint (i.e. the right interpretations needed to make sense of relativity and such), and most of these interpretations are just way skewed off from our normal, everyday intuitions and experiences. That is what I think of modern physics so far.
It's like how everyone talks about the event horizon as needing to travel faster than light to escape it, but as you said, THAT is with *classical* reasoning! Thanks for the wisdom.
I sometimes think, that a cave man would find classical physics to be even more abstract, than modern physics is to us.
Our classical thinking about the world is quit abstract, when you think about it. How would you tell the said cave man, what a "force" is? Something, that has a direction and can accelerate mass...? But we are used to it. And in some time, the society will get used to modern physics... which could give birth to new ideas.
It's not, as if that cave man would be stupid or anything. He just lives in a different world, which doesn't serve as a good fundament for our view of the world.
Laying 3d carpet in 4d room.
Excellent video Nick. Now I gotta write a song about entering a black hole, never escaping, and that the future is a black hole one you've entered. Haha
Absolute fantastic!!! I'm always de "Whoa Dude" dude!
this vid completely changed my view of black hole. Impressive. Now I can understand why scientists say after crossing event horizon, the space time would be swapped. U may move between time, but u may not move in space no more.
Yea!!! A new Science Asylum! Thank you Nick!
Loved the content.
It really blowed my mind!!!
You haven't talked about hawking radiation !!!
Good video though =D
th-cam.com/video/qPKj0YnKANw/w-d-xo.html
There you go, they not actually orginate from "below" the event horizon, but they more like a "surface" phenomenon, with some interesting twist.
What happens is when virtual particles take energy from the edge of the event horizon one particle falls into the black hole and the other goes the opposite direction, that energy from the edge of the black hold therefore is emitted in the form of those virtual particles “Hawking Radiation”
@@shpageltheduck6098 Thx =)
The thing about hawking radiation is it might make the idea of falling into a black hole a completely moot point. It theoretically creates a quantum firewall that basically atomizes any matter it comes into contact with. So any reference frame that falls into a black hole just gets obliterated, most of its energy radiating back out as extra hawking radiation.
Nicks video about falling into a blackhole doesn't really take quantum effects into account. It's based almost entirely on relativity. I'm pretty sure he's basically right about the outside observer. They'd basically see you slow down in time and then red shift into black. The firewall model says that before you can hit the event horizon and fall through, you hit the hawking radiation which as you approach it is being red shifted but by the time you get really close to the event horizon the freshly created radiation has a huge amount of energy. Enough to destroy basically anything that falls in.
So you don't benignly fall in and then spaghettify. The nature of relativistic time in relation to the singularity is interesting but nothing could survive to make the trip to actually experience it. The fact that nothing can escape it makes a lot of sense because no thing can actually fall into it.
Dude!!!.. Literally.. Your last sentence tied it altogether!.. I'm serious!..I was listening and trying to keep up.. But still hadn't understand.. Then you tied it all up!.. Very cool
That sentence was....Black holes capture the future..!
Could you make a video about Hawking radiation pls? I love your videos!! You are GREAT!!!
I've seen this request many times, Nick has to be putting one together.
He is just game-of-thrOwning us! (Though Nick would, perhaps, prefer a Star Wars-related gerund to describe it.)
I want to understand the nature of gravity, spacetime, and black holes. I keep coming back to this video. "black holes capture the future" was very enlightening. Thank you.
I'm starting to question the existence of gravitons now.
YES! YES! YES!
Loop Quantum Gravity??? (I'm a String Theory guy, but ... THIS. VIDEO. AND. THIS. COMMENT!)
Cheers 🍻
Well, but under quantum field theory there is no particles anyway, just fields, and spacetime is kinda like a field
This actually made sense, great work
How would we know whether or not we already live inside a black hole (or inside a black hole inside a black hole, etc.)? What does the space-time curvature inside a black hole look like? does it spiral (if the black hole is spinning) is it "straight" down (as in defining the trajectory of light as "straight")? So many questions. Black holes truely are fascinating!
Keep the good stuff going :)
The geometry we see across our whole universe is very flat. It is the _exact opposite_ of what you'd expect to see inside a black hole.
@Gerben van Straaten Unless of course our perception is skewed. The reason there is still the question of if we are or not is because that logic has the reasoning of a place removed from spacetime, inside of the black hole. But if our perception of it is just perceiving the actual singularity all around us, we wouldn't really be able to tell. We have no frame of reference beyond inside the hole, so we could still be living in it. Not so easy, lol.
theglitchinthematrix Yes, a glimpse into completely altered (simply put - "shot") neural signaling which never stood next to "natural function". Nothing more, nothing less, no matter how astonishing it is.
We live in blackhole speculations come from holographic principle theory, problem is that when you actually study it you will see that information "preserved" is a mess or squashed matter millions of degrees hot. Its highly unlikely it allows something like universe inside a universe. Also the singularity comes from math. In reality there may not be any singularity whatsoever, its just that our math breaks, so we call it that.
However, what if we are inside of a physically extreme event that is analogous to a black hole that could only exist in a 4D universe? One that causes light to move in a path at a fixed velocity, rather than being able to "teleport" from point to point (think the doors in Monsters Inc.)? One where the fourth dimension is crippled into what we perceive as time, thus the reason light, and everything that has some velocity of some kind, does so on a path with no instantaneous jump between points in space?
Singularities are points in space, 1D. That's two dimensions stripped away, and the closer you move towards the singularity, the more and more 2D your future becomes.
Just got your book in the mail, so excited to read it! Definitely going to be a challenge though!
Good luck! 🤓
4:22 roses are red
i can't do rhyme
nick lucid will win the nobel prize,for his work on space and time
therealnightwriter - please make a video and enlighten us. ;)
therealnightwriter - seriously I have no idea what you mean
@@spongebrainsqueezepants7175 Flat Earth won't allow it?
Great video, thanks for explaining these things, I love your work!
I am so fascinated by all this while my scientific understanding is extremely limited. Moth to a flame kind of thing? :) Thanks again.
Insaner than usual! Sweet.
Lol wow this is like the most kind blowing philosophical thing I’ve ever learned.
Kind blowing
Do a physics degree and study Quantum mechanics, particularly Quantum Information, it can make General Relativity seem straightforward
Kind blowing! (Ya ya lol)
Good content.
As usual.
blackhole is a permanent delete button.
Wow! great explanation! and great video! thanks!
You deserve more subscribers. At least a million. But silly pranks and cat videos and k-pops will get to the millions club faster than your channel. That's genuinely sad and makes me pessimistic about the "future" of all of us.
Aaaahhhhaaaa 😍😍😍😍😍😍.... Mind blowing Explanation dude ♥️♥️♥️♥️
your explanations are revolutionary. --- awesome and thanks.
2:37 finally, an illustration that is exactly what i've been thinking of in my head. I just didn't know where to find it online.
What an awesome channel!!! Physics explained so perfectly with humour.
Beautiful explanation! I really got a better understanding of the black hole and inability to escape it. U see, it is not about "inability to escape" but your very "future in spacetime" gets redefined to stay within the BH horizon!! Thank you sir.
You're very welcome :-)
man,i love your videos!!!!
That's the most confusion video! You just shattered half my knowledge about space! But I am glad you did, room for more information. Wait! What is information?
I kinda knew that the problem wasn't about mass and velocity, but space-time curvature. But the actual explanation still blew my mind. gonna search for more on this
I’m chilling today by watching all your videos again!
Best explanation i have ever seen about it. Thank you.
4:44 -- "...that's where its *future* goes"... Wow! Nick, thanks!
I FREAKING LOVE THIS CHANNEL
Mindfck.. Black holes space universe and beyond are concepts that only a chosen few can truly understand.. Respect to those who do..
THANK YOU!! While trying to get info into this topic I watched a bunch of vids talking about the speed of gravity, as if it was grabbing stuff and pulling it in. But you answered my question, and perfectly broke it down.... F'in right subbed and bell.
Glad you found it!
Finally! Someone shows the full 3-D shape of a body in the Space-Time Continuum! I've liked the 2-D rubber sheet thing, as it gives a misconception of the reality. Thank-you. and Thumbs-up. :-)
Best of the best and authentic one...
You drive me crazy. All concepts I learned about physic, you always tore apart. :-)