I am a little crazy, which is OK, because that's in position-space; in momentum-space, I'm a fully free-floating lunatic - but only after watching one of these great videos!
I'm late to the party. Only an amateur in physics but that is definitely an aspect of the explanation which is often ignored (at least at the pop-sci level I have been consuming content at). Really interesting, I need to sit and think this through.
On a serious note, Your Enthusiasm and passion for science is refreshing. And your creativity is what makes this Channel Unique. Thanks for the hard work, Nick.
If you mean: What the heck does it mean "It expands in momentum space?" - it makes two of us. Does it mean we cannot predict how it is spinning? Well can we, if we cannot reach behind the events' horizon? Tell me something that's not obvious... :-)
@@adammarkiewicz3375 If it expands in momentum space, that means we know less about its velocity. Let's say you have a quantum cat. You can only take a quick snapshot of its position or take a long-exposure shot of its velocity. If you want to measure one, you can't measure the other (you only have one camera). If you know where the cat is, there's no motion blur, so you can't see where it's going, and vice versa. This means if the cat is in a box, guaranteed, you can't tell how it's moving, so you could say the cat has "expanded in momentum space." Did I take this analogy too far? Maybe. Did I pick cats because I like them? Also maybe.
anyone can show some equations and say "thats what the math says", but make physical concepts intuitive and fun to learn about its not easy. Congratilations and pls keep up the Good work
But at the rate we're going, he *could* become president (there is no White House Exclusion Principle, apparently)... ...especially if Pauly, like D.J.T., turned out to be American Evangelicals' *next* "Jesus's Candidate"... which I suggest is far less implausible, in logically *coherent* terms, anyway, than what we've already got. There are less destructive ways, hence "better" ones for the good of humanity, to be a slacker. And remember, there *is* a Kirk Cameron, from whom Pauly Shore at his worst is not exactly much of a stretch, in effect. Either one's movies can give you the feeling the brains are being sucked out of your skull. As always, science rules, crazies, and Nick is the messenger!
I don't understand how Science Asylum is still not among the most popular science channels on YT. Seriously, Nick is in minority of youtube creators that prefer to spread actual knowledge and REAL science than to just simply make views and subs by clickbaits and pseudoscientific BS. It's at the same time enjoyable (very much) and helps to understand equations - true fundament of physics. IMO the most valuable channel I ever subscribed. Nick, please, keep up the great job, you are doing! (I'm not an ass kisser, but I'm drunk enough I don't mind kissing that brilliant, scientific ass)
Tbh, and no offence to Nick here as i do like him and his videos, i think he comes across as slightly neurotic or eccentric in them and that turns off a lot of viewers (and it did that for me initially as well). I think he has the same problem as youtubers like the Completionist or some of the newer videos of the nostalgia critic as well, where a lot of the skits he does don’t seem to land comedically. Although i don’t really blame him since it seems an acquired taste. And overall his production qualities as well as his scientific accuracy are on point as you said, especially in comparison to the pseudoscientific BS often here on youtube.
Yes it is, but I always get Nick channel in suggestions before I subscribed. And to be honest Nick's videos are a bit better for the average IQ to understand, I also love PBS but its much "harder to digest" :)
I agree. While I also love PBS SpaceTime, this channel strikes the perfect balance of being as simple as possible, but not simpler than it can be without sacrificing correctness. And if sacrificing correctness is necessary to make a point, Nick makes it absolutely clear that he is doing so.
PBS space time are so boring....good content but very bland long and boring..i think they are not for the average physics/space enthusiasts Nicks videos are short..entertaining ..to the point and have great content
He's gone under-appreciated for a long time. This is one of my top 5 TH-cam productions. I totally understand that he doesn't have the time to make more content, but I wish so very much that he did.
Dude I’m sorry to burst your bubble, but he’s about to reach 100K not 1M. Still great though and this channel is one of the few that simplifies topics enough for ANYONE to understand so it definitely deserves the million.
Hands down, one of the best science channels on youtube. Nick has a talent most of us lack and that is explaining hard concepts in plain terms. I really hope he hits 1 million soon.
I was binge watching your channel a bit less night and had it on 1.5 speed. Then I watched this episode tonight on regular speed and at first was like "Wow, he seems really calm and mellow today."
TIL! "Matter never converts to energy", wow, that's literally what I was told over and over again, in the university and also internets and youtube! Thanks so much for making these great videos! you are one of the few science channels that actually makes sense!
You should have a million subscribers! Almost every time I watch one of your videos, I learn something new. This time it was about how the neutrons in neutron stars compress by expanding in momentum space, which is extremely cool. You often seem to go one step beyond other channels. Well done :)
This is now officially my all time favorite science channel. It brings the crazy, funny and super smart all together. It's an absolute shame you only have 500K subs. That number should be 5M subs. Keep up the insanity, and we will try to spread the word.
Ok. Brain proppa-blown this time....Nick, all I can say is tremendous effort. I can only imagine the time, research, editing to get to this level. Greatness awaits...
Subbed, love this channel, as someone who has problems with memory and math due to a brain tumour , you broke it down so I can understand, thank you so much, probably the greatest channel on YT.
By momentum-space, is this referring to the velocity/temperature of the neutrons? Such that the more movement (momentum) the neutrons have, the less physical space (position) they need to occupy because of the uncertainty principle?
"By momentum-space, is this referring to the velocity/temperature of the neutrons?" Yes. Velocity rather than temperature, because direction of motion is relevant--momentum space is a three-space, just like position space.
The Science Asylum Thanks for that quick explanation, my brain was starting to hurt trying to visualise momentum space. If I’ve got it right; their momentum means they have more quantum fuzziness, so you can pack more in because they’re acting like probability waves? I love learning about this stuff, but with quantum mechanics it seems you can know what particles do, but never fully understand or visualise why.
If by wider momentum space he just meant a wider range of velocities for each particle, why didn't he just say that then? I feel like that can't be right.
Can we visualize this in the "lowest state" illustration at 3:47 ? Does a high position uncertainty mean that one neutron sort of occupies more than one state and shoves other neutrons aside? If we allow for arbitrarily high uncertainty in momentum, can we find a theoretical absolute minimum size for a proper neutron star of a given mass?
Awesome video as usual. I keep them in a playlist to re-watch...it's like music to my ears. I guess I'm not the only one wondering why this channel is still so underrated and why it took me so long to find it...
Nick you are one of the best youtubers around ! Your videos are so funny, educational and also entertaining ! God Bless you for making the world a better place with your talent
5:43 I had never seen that representation for neutron stars before. Does this mean that, assuming general relativity and a non-rotating black hole, if the star is spatially condensed in one point then the star in the momentum-space has infinite size?
Neither quantum theory or relativity (both types) are qualified to make any predictions about the conditions of a black hole, since they're currently not compatible, and explaining a black hole would require both to work together.
It's the "Fourier Transform" (a searchable term) of position space. Depending on your math background, that may or may not be helpful, but at least it gives you another thread to pull.
@@bumpty9830 can we see the space ? Means how can we see the momentum space in real life. Where the neutron is now.? Is this some kind of 4D world. A extra dimension where some amount of neutron is.?
Momentum space is a different representation of position space, not a _separate space_. You can see it mathematically, but not with your eyes. No extra dimensions or anything like that. This will become more clear the better you come to understand Fourier Transforms.
Position-space (regular space we all are familiar with) is just a "thing", that has three different properties, and therefore anything that exists in space, has three numbers, assigned to those properties. Luckily it just so happens that we can perceive that thing with our eyes. So called momentum-space is just another thing with another (three?) properties, but this time we cannot see it. Nevertheless, anything, that exists in the momentum-space, has another (three?) numbers, assigned to those properties.
www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_31.html From the late great Richard Feynman. This goes in to some details on the topic. Its a bit harder to go through than your typical science asylum video, so perhaps he can simplify it further. Though it turns out that this kind of thing can get as complicated as it is interesting. (This also ties in to the nature of transparency itself, which even a lot of people who study physics get confused about.)
I have been down that curiosity rabbit hole before a couple of times... A surprisingly challenging question to answer. What I took away was that the lights "phase speed" (the speed at which crests/troughs progress through a medium) slows down because it induces new EM waves by oscillating the charged particles in the material. Because this reaction is not perfectly instantaneous the induced wave is retarded in phase. When these two waves are then added together the resulting wave is also slight retarded in its phase producing the slowing down of light that is observed. Anyone know there shit? Am I on the money?
@@PulseCodeMusic You are on the money. I would only add for clearification that no individual photon is actually slowing down, because otherwise there might be some misleading conclusions following. For me the key to understanding this was to nail down the difference between the "phase speed" and the speed of the individual photons.
Sorry to say that, but both 'child' and 'shield' are the wrong pronunciation. Here is a link with the correct pronounciation of 'Der Schwarzschild-Radius': dict.leo.org/pages/addinfo/addInfo.php?aiid=DW0rRdEwbUG&lang=en&lp=ende
"It's amazing these things even form in the first place." You know what is even more amazing? It's how humans are able to figure out HOW they form in the first place.
That's seriously crazy science stuff you explained Mr. Lucid. I will have to watch this video a few more times to even come up with a question about black holes. Keep driving us crazy with all that science.
Well damn... As much as I knew about Black Holes, I somehow never put 2 + 2 together and realized that the Black Hole is actually just compressed Neutron stars... How have I never concluded this. I am mad about it.
You are absolutely brilliant mate! Unbelievable how you can translate all those formulae, complicated theories into everyday language for us to understand...you’re like a rosetta stone!
Nice video as always. this is the most complicated video of this channel. if its gonna get harder by day, i am gonna have to start studying science seriously :)
Light, although hard to corral, is still pretty easy considering that if you were to focus enough of it, it would collapse into the black hole, because it does not obey the Pauli exclusion principle, nor do any other bosons. They do not OBEY
Thank you, thank you, thank you for the clarification that matter isn't converted to energy. Whenever the topic of antimatter comes up this ugly misconception shows up and I cringe so hard. And when I try to explain that it isn't correct and they use quotations from the movie "Angels and Demons" as source for their agument, my cringe reaches relativistic levels.
The misconception is that matter converts to energy in annihilation when matter meets antimatter. It doesn't. It converts to electromagnetic radiation, which *has* energy, not *is* energy. The correct thing to say would be that energy is a property that both matter and radiation have. So nothing converts to energy, energy is just transferred from one quantum field (matter) to another (electromagnetic), to put it simply.
Don't forget that matter and antimatter annihilation can result in matter and antimatter. Electromagnetic radiation isn't the only outcome. Gluons can be the result too. The following is always true for matter antimatter annihilation: Particle 1 + Antiparticle 1 --> Particle 2 + Antiparticle 2.
Great video as always. This reminded me of a question I thought about but hadn’t taken the time to really find an answer to, namely how much energy is required to create a blackhole that is relatively stable compared to a time span that humans typically observe. To clarify, the smaller a black hole is the faster it evaporates due to Hawking radiation. So while it might be possible for a cosmic ray colliding with a molecule to form a subatomic sized black hole for example the black hole would evaporate too quickly to have any lasting effect (which is probably for the best since our atmosphere is bombarded by cosmic rays all the time.) But if we did want to create a microscopic black hole in the lab, how large would it have to be in order to be observable for a sustained period and how much energy is required to produce it? Most likely creating any sort of black hole would require particle acceleration to collide matter into other matter since the bound energy in matter is already massively greater than the amount of energy in typical photons in the same volume of space. So I’m assuming a man-made kugelblitz using lasers would be completely impractical even for microscopic black holes. But is it possible in practical terms to make a collider that can force enough matter at high enough energy into a small enough space to create a hole that can stick around and be observed?
I'm not sure exactly how to start this off but I'm a huge fan and only stumbled upon your videos by chance. I have since become enthralled in the way you teach and am very entertained by the way you do it. I have a passion for all things universe related and I am wondering if you have or could point me or give me some sort of impromptu list of episodes I could start with to help me better understand the science that you explain in your videos that has so very much captivated me. Nick Lucid or The Science Asylum
I always wondered why the force of the “pull” of a black hole is directly proportional to the gravity’s speed. For example, there’s no such thing as a black hole that’s sucks things inevitably but slowly. It’s always at a fast rate. (Fast fast!) I read that in a black hole, space and time switch roles. So that means the “pull” is going at the speed of time?.. 🤷🏻♂️
1:50 This part was kind of glossed over. What makes it so difficult to get enough light to make a black hole? It sounds easier than trying to crunch down a star at least.
Love the channel. I'm going to be showing it to my son, who recently took college physics. Especially since he still doesn't think that kugelblitz are a thing. I also have a few questions about black holes. #1 Although the "big crunch" doesn't look like it will ever happen, what would the size of the "universe sized" black hole be? #2 Why do scientists believe that the "big bang" ever compressed to smaller than this size? Is there any evidence to say that it did? #3 If no events happen beyond the event horizon, and time doesn't exist there, according to General Relativity, how can they evaporate? If Hawking Radiation exists, it's an "event", right? I have other questions, but this might suffice.
1. Thats of course an entirely hypothetical thought experiment, but the universe is often considered to have 10^53 kg mass. If that was true and all of this mass hypothetically ended up in a black hole, according to the Schwarzschild-metric, the black hole would have a radius of 10^26 m. That is 17 billion lightyears across. 2. There is plenty of evidence. Your question seems to aim at how something that usually should form a black hole, was not forming a black hole. I am not qualified enough to go into any detail, but the expanding universe as a whole has a very different spacetime geometry than a small black hole forming from a stellar corpse. The universe is expanding after all and not slowly at that. It expands much faster than the speed of light. To put it bluntly, and formulate it scientifically totally wrong: a calculation meant to calculate where curved spacetime holds in things with the speed of light (aka the event horizon), is obviously not suited to make calculations about something that expands faster than the speed of light. 3. Hawking radiation is not coming from the inside of the black hole. It is generated outside of it. The entire information of the black hole is "stored" in the event horizon. Nothing that happens in this universe needs information from the inside of a black hole. You can treat the inside of a black hole as if its not even part of our universe anymore. The event horizon and the spacetime geometry outside of the black hole carry all the information anything will ever get from any black hole. And thats all thats needed.
What about this problem: while you are just about to get all that mass into the Schwarzschild radius, it will take an infinite amount of time (in your reference frame) for that last bit of mass to get inside the black hole, meaning it's not going to be easy to watch that black hole finish forming.
You are a great teacher and a true physicist. I really look forward to your recognition as the best educator in physics. I will definitely promote this channel among my friends. 😍😍😍
Wow! I've never heard that explanation of momentum space explained. Would you mind elaborating on what that expansion into momentum space means? Are the particles moving? What properties of the neutron star can be attributed to expansion in neutron space?
Most underrated science channel on TH-cam. That bit about neutron stars expanding in momentum space is fascinating!
Yeah I agree I never heard it like that.
True that
I am a little crazy, which is OK, because that's in position-space; in momentum-space, I'm a fully free-floating lunatic - but only after watching one of these great videos!
I'm late to the party. Only an amateur in physics but that is definitely an aspect of the explanation which is often ignored (at least at the pop-sci level I have been consuming content at). Really interesting, I need to sit and think this through.
Neutrons inside neutron stars increase in momentum, not the star itself. Minor nit-pick. (sorry).
On a serious note, Your Enthusiasm and passion for science is refreshing. And your creativity is what makes this Channel Unique. Thanks for the hard work, Nick.
I agree! Dont Change.
it remembers me to Beackman world when I was a child, and I love it!
You are very smart 👌
"Got any questions about black holes?"
Me: ::Stares in momentum space::
If you mean: What the heck does it mean "It expands in momentum space?" - it makes two of us. Does it mean we cannot predict how it is spinning? Well can we, if we cannot reach behind the events' horizon? Tell me something that's not obvious... :-)
@@adammarkiewicz3375 If it expands in momentum space, that means we know less about its velocity.
Let's say you have a quantum cat.
You can only take a quick snapshot of its position or take a long-exposure shot of its velocity.
If you want to measure one, you can't measure the other (you only have one camera).
If you know where the cat is, there's no motion blur, so you can't see where it's going, and vice versa.
This means if the cat is in a box, guaranteed, you can't tell how it's moving, so you could say the cat has "expanded in momentum space."
Did I take this analogy too far? Maybe. Did I pick cats because I like them? Also maybe.
anyone can show some equations and say "thats what the math says", but make physical concepts intuitive and fun to learn about its not easy. Congratilations and pls keep up the Good work
Not to be confused with the Pauly Exclusion Principle, which states that Pauly Shore is not allowed in any more movies.
Indeed!
But at the rate we're going, he *could* become president (there is no White House Exclusion Principle, apparently)...
...especially if Pauly, like D.J.T., turned out to be American Evangelicals' *next* "Jesus's Candidate"... which I suggest is far less implausible, in logically *coherent* terms, anyway, than what we've already got. There are less destructive ways, hence "better" ones for the good of humanity, to be a slacker.
And remember, there *is* a Kirk Cameron, from whom Pauly Shore at his worst is not exactly much of a stretch, in effect. Either one's movies can give you the feeling the brains are being sucked out of your skull.
As always, science rules, crazies, and Nick is the messenger!
Excellent!
@Brian. Unless it's one where All Pauley shore information is pulled into the singularity out of the universe forever.
I don't understand how Science Asylum is still not among the most popular science channels on YT. Seriously, Nick is in minority of youtube creators that prefer to spread actual knowledge and REAL science than to just simply make views and subs by clickbaits and pseudoscientific BS. It's at the same time enjoyable (very much) and helps to understand equations - true fundament of physics. IMO the most valuable channel I ever subscribed. Nick, please, keep up the great job, you are doing! (I'm not an ass kisser, but I'm drunk enough I don't mind kissing that brilliant, scientific ass)
If I can get over 100k subs, the algorithm should start to favor me a little more. We'll see. I'm not going to change just because an AI wants me to.
Arek Nowak its adwertaising, i think
Tbh, and no offence to Nick here as i do like him and his videos, i think he comes across as slightly neurotic or eccentric in them and that turns off a lot of viewers (and it did that for me initially as well). I think he has the same problem as youtubers like the Completionist or some of the newer videos of the nostalgia critic as well, where a lot of the skits he does don’t seem to land comedically. Although i don’t really blame him since it seems an acquired taste. And overall his production qualities as well as his scientific accuracy are on point as you said, especially in comparison to the pseudoscientific BS often here on youtube.
@@ScienceAsylum u won
It makes me happy when I see you are about to pass 100k.
144k
340k
380k
414k
500k
When a video pops up from The Science Asylum, PBS Space Time or Kurzgesagt I simply can't miss it. But your channel is so underrated compared to those
Yes it is, but I always get Nick channel in suggestions before I subscribed. And to be honest Nick's videos are a bit better for the average IQ to understand, I also love PBS but its much "harder to digest" :)
I agree. While I also love PBS SpaceTime, this channel strikes the perfect balance of being as simple as possible, but not simpler than it can be without sacrificing correctness. And if sacrificing correctness is necessary to make a point, Nick makes it absolutely clear that he is doing so.
Rodoks42 ikr
PBS space time are so boring....good content but very bland long and boring..i think they are not for the average physics/space enthusiasts
Nicks videos are short..entertaining ..to the point and have great content
Did you watch the latest video Kurzgesagt made on Moon bases?
That's some crazy-crazy mixed-in with your fast-fast. And you compressed three suns right on top of my house in that map. Awesome lesson once again!
This is definitely the best science channel ever! You have a talent for making difficult concepts clear. Thanks, Nick!
I love how much effort you put into really explaining these principles - because it works!
Thank you and keep expanding our horizons
You will hit 1 million soon your content is awesome
He's gone under-appreciated for a long time. This is one of my top 5 TH-cam productions. I totally understand that he doesn't have the time to make more content, but I wish so very much that he did.
Dude I’m sorry to burst your bubble, but he’s about to reach 100K not 1M. Still great though and this channel is one of the few that simplifies topics enough for ANYONE to understand so it definitely deserves the million.
Hands down, one of the best science channels on youtube. Nick has a talent most of us lack and that is explaining hard concepts in plain terms. I really hope he hits 1 million soon.
Fast!Fast! is back :D It's nice to see how many of your videos came together in this one. Like you planned it or something... :)
This channel is awesome!!!
I was binge watching your channel a bit less night and had it on 1.5 speed. Then I watched this episode tonight on regular speed and at first was like "Wow, he seems really calm and mellow today."
That animated position vs. momentum space grid is amazing.
Thanks!
TIL! "Matter never converts to energy", wow, that's literally what I was told over and over again, in the university and also internets and youtube!
Thanks so much for making these great videos! you are one of the few science channels that actually makes sense!
You should have a million subscribers! Almost every time I watch one of your videos, I learn something new. This time it was about how the neutrons in neutron stars compress by expanding in momentum space, which is extremely cool. You often seem to go one step beyond other channels. Well done :)
This is now officially my all time favorite science channel. It brings the crazy, funny and super smart all together. It's an absolute shame you only have 500K subs. That number should be 5M subs. Keep up the insanity, and we will try to spread the word.
Thank you Nick, you are an inspiration for people majoring in Physics.
Absolutely brilliant Nick. Loved the video. It was worth the wait.
Your videos are so quality. The animations are sooooo good.
And his face and voice is cool and not annoying
Thanks for visualising the position-momentum space .
There is one thing harder than that... replicating the greatness of Science Asylum.
Ass-kisser.
Me sad 😳
I'm just being a smart ass. (Look at the icon and my pseudonym).
;p
@@schitlipz Lol😂
@@FGj-xj7rd You think that's hard? Try understanding women. That has been proven to be impossible.
I love your explanation and humour. You simplify complicated science and make it accessible to everyone. Than you
Ok. Brain proppa-blown this time....Nick, all I can say is tremendous effort. I can only imagine the time, research, editing to get to this level. Greatness awaits...
dude! what a great video. i love your channel so much. your's and anton's channels, are my favorites
PBS Space Time and The Science Asylum on the same day. This will create a knowledge singularity.
Subbed, love this channel, as someone who has problems with memory and math due to a brain tumour , you broke it down so I can understand, thank you so much, probably the greatest channel on YT.
Thanks so much for your channel! You make these topics approachable! I'm proud to be a crazy!
Very clean and concise explanation of momentum expansion and position contraction.
This is awesome content, again :)
This channel and its explanations/visualizations are a great stepping stone toward understanding the PBS Spacetime’s video topics!
By momentum-space, is this referring to the velocity/temperature of the neutrons? Such that the more movement (momentum) the neutrons have, the less physical space (position) they need to occupy because of the uncertainty principle?
"By momentum-space, is this referring to the velocity/temperature of the neutrons?"
Yes. Velocity rather than temperature, because direction of motion is relevant--momentum space is a three-space, just like position space.
If they have more uncertainty in momentum, then gravity can pull them in closure (lowering their uncertainty in position).
The Science Asylum Thanks for that quick explanation, my brain was starting to hurt trying to visualise momentum space. If I’ve got it right; their momentum means they have more quantum fuzziness, so you can pack more in because they’re acting like probability waves?
I love learning about this stuff, but with quantum mechanics it seems you can know what particles do, but never fully understand or visualise why.
If by wider momentum space he just meant a wider range of velocities for each particle, why didn't he just say that then? I feel like that can't be right.
Can we visualize this in the "lowest state" illustration at 3:47 ? Does a high position uncertainty mean that one neutron sort of occupies more than one state and shoves other neutrons aside? If we allow for arbitrarily high uncertainty in momentum, can we find a theoretical absolute minimum size for a proper neutron star of a given mass?
This is topic i have to watch over and over again.
And i like the deep analysis topic such as this, thank you
I think you should take active steps to advertise your channel. It is grossly underrated.
As always, your videos are a pleasure to watch Nick!
You are such a nice thoughtful man, how you're answering nearly everybody's questions. ✌😁
Awesome video as usual. I keep them in a playlist to re-watch...it's like music to my ears.
I guess I'm not the only one wondering why this channel is still so underrated and why it took me so long to find it...
Nick you are one of the best youtubers around !
Your videos are so funny, educational and also entertaining !
God Bless you for making the world a better place with your talent
Best science channel on TH-cam....
Thanks you literally ruled out many of my misconceptions...
5:43 I had never seen that representation for neutron stars before. Does this mean that, assuming general relativity and a non-rotating black hole, if the star is spatially condensed in one point then the star in the momentum-space has infinite size?
It should be right? Also if it's made of neutrons or quantum waves, it should just be a probability not a reality. That'll keep a person awake.
Neither quantum theory or relativity (both types) are qualified to make any predictions about the conditions of a black hole, since they're currently not compatible, and explaining a black hole would require both to work together.
Great explanation and visualisation of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle - made it that much clearer to me!
Bell's inequality and EPR paradox please 🙏🙏
"Inequality"
What a great channel! Good work your videos are entertaining and educational at the same time.
what is momentum-space ...?!!!!!
It's the "Fourier Transform" (a searchable term) of position space. Depending on your math background, that may or may not be helpful, but at least it gives you another thread to pull.
@@bumpty9830 can we see the space ?
Means how can we see the momentum space in real life.
Where the neutron is now.?
Is this some kind of 4D world. A extra dimension where some amount of neutron is.?
Momentum space is a different representation of position space, not a _separate space_. You can see it mathematically, but not with your eyes. No extra dimensions or anything like that. This will become more clear the better you come to understand Fourier Transforms.
@@bumpty9830 ok thank you sir.
Position-space (regular space we all are familiar with) is just a "thing", that has three different properties, and therefore anything that exists in space, has three numbers, assigned to those properties. Luckily it just so happens that we can perceive that thing with our eyes.
So called momentum-space is just another thing with another (three?) properties, but this time we cannot see it. Nevertheless, anything, that exists in the momentum-space, has another (three?) numbers, assigned to those properties.
Nick, I'll still see you with millions of views, I don't get tired of your videos. Amazing in fact!
I just love the "fast fast!!" thing xd
thank you so much! a was always fascinated about neutron stars once I learned about them. This taught me a lot, i am so glad this channel exists.
Hey Nick. Plzz explain bending of light known as refrection of light and why does it occur. Plzzz
www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/I_31.html From the late great Richard Feynman. This goes in to some details on the topic.
Its a bit harder to go through than your typical science asylum video, so perhaps he can simplify it further. Though it turns out that this kind of thing can get as complicated as it is interesting. (This also ties in to the nature of transparency itself, which even a lot of people who study physics get confused about.)
I have been down that curiosity rabbit hole before a couple of times... A surprisingly challenging question to answer.
What I took away was that the lights "phase speed" (the speed at which crests/troughs progress through a medium) slows down because it induces new EM waves by oscillating the charged particles in the material. Because this reaction is not perfectly instantaneous the induced wave is retarded in phase. When these two waves are then added together the resulting wave is also slight retarded in its phase producing the slowing down of light that is observed.
Anyone know there shit? Am I on the money?
@@PulseCodeMusic You are on the money.
I would only add for clearification that no individual photon is actually slowing down, because otherwise there might be some misleading conclusions following.
For me the key to understanding this was to nail down the difference between the "phase speed" and the speed of the individual photons.
That was amazing! I feel physics enlightened right now!
i like the whoop when the black hole is formed
They do that in real life. Except the "whoop" is a burst of gamma rays. Gamma rays don't render very well on most monitors...
Great video as always. Mind blown with position space vs momentum space for the neutron star.
Thank you for saying 'shield' instead of 'child' when pronouncing 'Schwarzschild'.
Sorry to say that, but both 'child' and 'shield' are the wrong pronunciation. Here is a link with the correct pronounciation of 'Der Schwarzschild-Radius': dict.leo.org/pages/addinfo/addInfo.php?aiid=DW0rRdEwbUG&lang=en&lp=ende
Try "Shw-arts-shilled-radius" xD
Actually, it's pronounced "Schwarzschild."
Another awesome video, I expected nothing less! Keep up the good work, stay crazy...
"It's amazing these things even form in the first place."
You know what is even more amazing? It's how humans are able to figure out HOW they form in the first place.
It's pretty cool, huh?
Great work !
I just like the result.
Bravo!
Poor singularity, it must be alone "down" there...
No there is A LOT of stuff down there keeping it company with more added all the t i m e .
+Horia Loan You should come "Down Under". The whole place is a flipping singularity...
The singularity is _everything_ down there.
That's seriously crazy science stuff you explained Mr. Lucid. I will have to watch this video a few more times to even come up with a question about black holes. Keep driving us crazy with all that science.
Well damn... As much as I knew about Black Holes, I somehow never put 2 + 2 together and realized that the Black Hole is actually just compressed Neutron stars... How have I never concluded this. I am mad about it.
As always interesting and fun to watch. Instant like.
first 5 minute viewers like here crazies
You are absolutely brilliant mate! Unbelievable how you can translate all those formulae, complicated theories into everyday language for us to understand...you’re like a rosetta stone!
I need some “Vanta Black” Holes.
Nice video as always. this is the most complicated video of this channel. if its gonna get harder by day, i am gonna have to start studying science seriously :)
This video is filled with lies
My room is a black hole, and it’s not hard to turn it into one.
Light, although hard to corral, is still pretty easy considering that if you were to focus enough of it, it would collapse into the black hole, because it does not obey the Pauli exclusion principle, nor do any other bosons. They do not OBEY
Thank you, thank you, thank you for the clarification that matter isn't converted to energy. Whenever the topic of antimatter comes up this ugly misconception shows up and I cringe so hard. And when I try to explain that it isn't correct and they use quotations from the movie "Angels and Demons" as source for their agument, my cringe reaches relativistic levels.
I cringe every time someone asks me about it. It's a misconception that just won't die.
Sorry. What is the misconception you are talking about?
The misconception is that matter converts to energy in annihilation when matter meets antimatter. It doesn't. It converts to electromagnetic radiation, which *has* energy, not *is* energy. The correct thing to say would be that energy is a property that both matter and radiation have. So nothing converts to energy, energy is just transferred from one quantum field (matter) to another (electromagnetic), to put it simply.
The misconception that matter can be converted to energy.
Don't forget that matter and antimatter annihilation can result in matter and antimatter. Electromagnetic radiation isn't the only outcome. Gluons can be the result too. The following is always true for matter antimatter annihilation: Particle 1 + Antiparticle 1 --> Particle 2 + Antiparticle 2.
Most under rated TH-cam channel ever.
hahahaha! Pop culture clone slayed me!
Really Nick, you have a penchant for making us look at Quantum physics in a really different way, one that's not just simple but wierd!!
Very well edited, very informative, you should have 10x the subs you have.
That graph in an absolutely fantastic way to show the uncertainty principle!
Great video as always. This reminded me of a question I thought about but hadn’t taken the time to really find an answer to, namely how much energy is required to create a blackhole that is relatively stable compared to a time span that humans typically observe. To clarify, the smaller a black hole is the faster it evaporates due to Hawking radiation. So while it might be possible for a cosmic ray colliding with a molecule to form a subatomic sized black hole for example the black hole would evaporate too quickly to have any lasting effect (which is probably for the best since our atmosphere is bombarded by cosmic rays all the time.) But if we did want to create a microscopic black hole in the lab, how large would it have to be in order to be observable for a sustained period and how much energy is required to produce it?
Most likely creating any sort of black hole would require particle acceleration to collide matter into other matter since the bound energy in matter is already massively greater than the amount of energy in typical photons in the same volume of space. So I’m assuming a man-made kugelblitz using lasers would be completely impractical even for microscopic black holes. But is it possible in practical terms to make a collider that can force enough matter at high enough energy into a small enough space to create a hole that can stick around and be observed?
This is the most fascinating explanation of black hole I've ever seen !!!
Awesome Channel. Awesome Explanation.
i hope you keep explaining concepts like this.
I'm not sure exactly how to start this off but I'm a huge fan and only stumbled upon your videos by chance. I have since become enthralled in the way you teach and am very entertained by the way you do it. I have a passion for all things universe related and I am wondering if you have or could point me or give me some sort of impromptu list of episodes I could start with to help me better understand the science that you explain in your videos that has so very much captivated me. Nick Lucid or The Science Asylum
Greatest channel about science about science ever, thank you so much
I always wondered why the force of the “pull” of a black hole is directly proportional to the gravity’s speed. For example, there’s no such thing as a black hole that’s sucks things inevitably but slowly. It’s always at a fast rate. (Fast fast!)
I read that in a black hole, space and time switch roles. So that means the “pull” is going at the speed of time?.. 🤷🏻♂️
Greetings from Vienna - we love your channel here...
1:50 This part was kind of glossed over. What makes it so difficult to get enough light to make a black hole? It sounds easier than trying to crunch down a star at least.
Love the channel. I'm going to be showing it to my son, who recently took college physics. Especially since he still doesn't think that kugelblitz are a thing.
I also have a few questions about black holes.
#1 Although the "big crunch" doesn't look like it will ever happen, what would the size of the "universe sized" black hole be?
#2 Why do scientists believe that the "big bang" ever compressed to smaller than this size? Is there any evidence to say that it did?
#3 If no events happen beyond the event horizon, and time doesn't exist there, according to General Relativity, how can they evaporate? If Hawking Radiation exists, it's an "event", right?
I have other questions, but this might suffice.
1. Thats of course an entirely hypothetical thought experiment, but the universe is often considered to have 10^53 kg mass. If that was true and all of this mass hypothetically ended up in a black hole, according to the Schwarzschild-metric, the black hole would have a radius of 10^26 m. That is 17 billion lightyears across.
2. There is plenty of evidence. Your question seems to aim at how something that usually should form a black hole, was not forming a black hole. I am not qualified enough to go into any detail, but the expanding universe as a whole has a very different spacetime geometry than a small black hole forming from a stellar corpse.
The universe is expanding after all and not slowly at that. It expands much faster than the speed of light.
To put it bluntly, and formulate it scientifically totally wrong: a calculation meant to calculate where curved spacetime holds in things with the speed of light (aka the event horizon), is obviously not suited to make calculations about something that expands faster than the speed of light.
3. Hawking radiation is not coming from the inside of the black hole. It is generated outside of it.
The entire information of the black hole is "stored" in the event horizon. Nothing that happens in this universe needs information from the inside of a black hole. You can treat the inside of a black hole as if its not even part of our universe anymore. The event horizon and the spacetime geometry outside of the black hole carry all the information anything will ever get from any black hole. And thats all thats needed.
What about this problem: while you are just about to get all that mass into the Schwarzschild radius, it will take an infinite amount of time (in your reference frame) for that last bit of mass to get inside the black hole, meaning it's not going to be easy to watch that black hole finish forming.
Your channel will definitely one day spike high...and from that day it will go very fast..FAST FAST..!!!
You are a great teacher and a true physicist. I really look forward to your recognition as the best educator in physics. I will definitely promote this channel among my friends. 😍😍😍
Wow! I've never heard that explanation of momentum space explained. Would you mind elaborating on what that expansion into momentum space means? Are the particles moving? What properties of the neutron star can be attributed to expansion in neutron space?
An expansion in momentum space means there are more possible _random_ motion state available to the neutrons. (Some of them can move/wiggle faster).
I am interpreting that to mean some form of temperature or entropy?
you definitely deserve more subscribers.
Thank you. It blew my mind.
I just found you thanks to Up and Atom, you are so good!!
Adoro sua maneira de explicar !
What's up, Shroom? Glad to see you've found success in life. :) I stumbled on your videos when looking for science stuff with my son. Cheers.
Super good. Helped made sense of a few things that didnt' for me about neutron stars for awhile now
best science channel on youtube
Need more information on the esplusion principle pls.
Mind blown yet again!
What an amazing teacher! Your energy level is something else!
I have 1 speed: Intense.
Awesome video!
I was thinking about the uncertainty principle, but I'm still not sure... Great video! Go 100,000!