Homemade x-ray tube - how i made it ☢
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 ก.ย. 2024
- In this video i will show you the results of my homemade vacuum tube attempts. The greatest improvement is given by the use of a titanium getter pump to reach vacuum levels like in industrial x-ray tubes.
This was one of my dream projects when I was a kid. I was obsessed with X-rays and wanted to make an X-ray machine. It was so magical to me. Same with infrared night vision, radio waves and transmitters. Everything scientific was so amazing to me.
The invisible spectrum amazes me too
@Grim FPV such warnings are how I knew it would work as a kid, and books from the grown-up science section of the library ... and then little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
Thank God the thing I wired up from parts of an old tube TV and a broken radio cought fire and blew the fuses , could have been worse.. my dumbass smartass 10yr old self told a friend I could make gamma rays , so I just had to make something that would set off a gieger counter to be believable... Little did I know my friend just wanted to be the incredable hulk, he would have sat in front of it for hours if it worked .. yeah, could have been much worse...
When I got in trouble, I told my parents I was trying to charge batteries because they didn't buy enough for my toys...
A moment of silence in honor of my parents please...
@@petevenuti7355 imagine having your child die of radiation sickness because he wanted to become hulk lmao
@@GewelReal batteries I did actually have in it for the filaments, but we're getting inductively back fed the AC because I had no idea what I was doing exploding the batteries spraying hot caustic contents..
Please make a detailed video on how to build it!
Sure 😄 i think i will make some kind of step by step playlist soon
@@atominik3375 Thank you I’d really appreciate that 💯 could you write another reply to my comment once you’ve uploaded it so I don’t miss out on it?
@@THYZOID yep 😄 just for you 🥺
@@atominik3375 thanks you 👍
As you hoped, I loved the video. Especially loved the repurposing of commodity Pyrex glassware. Always hard to get small quantities of special glass stock for the hobbyist but lab-ware is more freely available from educational and second hand sources.
Look forward to any other process videos you decide to publish. Until one has the gear to practice in the physical world all examples that are available add to the knowledge base so many people watch videos and read books before lighting the first torch flame.
I was using an oxygen concentrator with a lamp working torch (glass bead enthusiasts do this often) to get high temperatures. When I get my workshop up again I will certainly try my hand at electrical feedthoroughs which are a special skill.
Thx 😊 when my exams are over i will continiue to upload Videos again where i will show it in detail how to make such tubes
The most expensive part is just the oxygen so maybe i have to switch over to a concentrator too in the future 🤔
Great video! I really enjoyed watching it! The glass work you did with only an oxy propane torch looks very impressive.
I would be very interested to see a video about the power supply you are using.
Have you tried imaging something with this tube? You get X-ray intensifying screens on eBay for very little money. Just be careful with the radiation.
By the way, are you from Germany?
Thanks 😄 i already prepared a Video about that supply not sure when i will upload it but one after the other ..how can i be not from schnitzelland 🥴😂
I have an intensifying screen but at that low tube current i already knew it is not worth to try (in the lower μA range if i remember correctly)
Awesome work! Also, I can feel the fear when I see the glow and hear the Geiger counter screech in the background
Nice work! But a geiger counter isn't a good tool for quantifying x-rays. It is too sensitive to high voltage emf and not sensitive enough in the gamma range. Lower "potential" rays wont excite the tube and you will not get an accurate reading. You need a victoreen 470a. I have one.
You can tell that the Geiger counter is picking up the X-rays just fine and doesn’t seem to be affected from the high voltage nearby. The HV was flowing and the Geiger counter didn’t start going crazy until the filament came on and started the thermionic emission.
But yeah it’s probably not very accurate.
I have discovered that you can use activated charcoal to make a vacuum, later I learned about sorption pumps and reached a pretty good vacuum by cooling it even more with LN. That might complement well with your getter pump.
In my experiment I filled a borosilicate test tube with activated charcoal which I attached to a discharge tube like you did to yours with your getter pump, I used charcoal from a gas mask filter and used about the same volume as my discharge tube which was small about 50cm3 in volume, I heated it up with a blow torch as uniformly as possible until it stooped releasing steam then made a vacuum with a rotary vane pump and established a very faint discharge so the electrodes didn't overheated or sputtered too much. I kept heating the charcoal just before the glass begun to reach its annealing point so about 500C°, I keep it at that temperature for some minutes, then the most difficult part. I turned off the discharge then sealed the tube from the mechanical pump and stopped heating the charcoal to let it cool, then i turned on the discharge again. As it cooled it begun lowering even more the pressure, when it reached room temperature the discharge was like the one of a Crookes tube, then I cooled the charcoal tube with liquid nitrogen, the discharge completely stooped very fast it probably wasn't even at dry ice temperatures. I cannot measure vacuum below a couple of microns but ill say it might well be into the e-6 torr when the charcoal reaches LN temperature.
I will try your getter pump idea as well, maybe that will pull the ultimate vacuum well into the UHV if I bake well my tube and there is no leaks. Maybe finally I might make my own X-ray tube! making the anode is the hardest part. Sr. have you tried to make housekeeper glass to metal seals?
Scioglimi i sei gay internazionali mi chiamo Biagio di balsamo e famiglia e amici di scuola della 3e sono a via gargiulo vieni avanti a benedirmi le 3 case in cui abitiamo noi di balsamo e famiglia.
dammit!! making an X tube is one of my dreams!! i can barely melt hot glue, imagine working glass!!
anyways i made X with a trashy vacuum tube, fairly easy, it both triggers a geiger AND makes dots on a camera
Well constructed, very impressed with your glass to metal seals. I find it's difficult to get these reliable enough to hold a good vacuum long.
Yeah when i started i had really problems with over or underoxidized sealings 😄 after some more attempts it was getting easier to get the right Oxidation
😎
This is the most incredible TH-cam science i have ever seen. Have done chemistry glass working with vacuum before, I know how incredible it is to seal multiple tungsten rods like this. Very well done.
Would love a follow up or even just a written description of the seals especially
Thx !😊 there will be videos about how i make my seals soon (after the next one)
Like a radio tube. Maybe a diode tube. But a little dangerous.
Your presentation was very informative and intellectually stimulating. Thank you!
Great video! I remember trying to make gas discharge tubes from borosilicate glass in our science club in high school.. It's much trickier than it seems even to make a basic 2 electrode tube! I think I mainly failed when it came to making good glass-metal joints, as I was only using copper at the time.
Thx
Oh that sounds interesting. Do you tried making this knife edge seal/housekeeper seal with it ? This type of seal is still a mystery to me 😆
@@atominik3375 I've read copper doesn't seal well to glass. I also have problems melting more than two electrodes into the glass. But that's tungsten.
@@MyProjectsTV schreib mir mal auf insta (wenn du willst)😆 ich müsste hier sonst einen riesen text schreiben und bin mit dem vid dazu noch nicht so weit
@@atominik3375 Wie finde ich dich auf Insta? Sonst schreib mir mal, ich habs auf meinem Kanal verlinkt.
@@MyProjectsTV moment 😄
I was kinda able to reverse engineer the tube from the video but I was wondering what goes into the inert cilinder / cathode . It is just a metal 'cup" with the tungsten electrode as a filament or am I missing something
Its a former anode cup of a rectifier that is just put over the filament and is spotwelded to one pin of the filament
The other pin isnt touching the cup of course
Please make electron gun ....
cool stuff !
maybe glasslinger is a channel you want to take a peek into ? he does glass seals .. in the older videos.
Thx 😄 yeah i really like his videos too
even before i started with this here it made me almost envious seeing his xray tube haha 😆
Heated cathode produce x rays cold cathode produece röntgen rays
I'll stay with my Cobalt 60 thank you very much 🧐
Amazing video!
Amazing work !
how much the geiger counter was at the peak of µSv/h
This is awesome. Wish I had the stuff lying around to try this. I've been meaning to build an xray machine for a while now.
Thx ! 😄
i really recommend using cold cathode tubes for this
Its easier to build and allows more current compared to the hot cathode tubes( i made until now 😅)
Its possible of course but needs more trying for a good version
ARE YOU DETSCH
As a comparison, how about trying the GY501 color tv HV rectifier tube in terms of x-ray output?
Oh i really like this tube 😄 the only thing that is difficult is to somehow prevent arcing over on the outside i experimented with it and found out that vaseline around the electrodes and something that gives the vaseline shape works fine. The tubes i tested were usually strong emitters for that it is so cheap (actually similar to my cold cathode tubes).
Hi. Can i use magnesium as getter, instead of titanium?
It should work, but you can't heat it up as much as titanium because it will melt otherwise
@@lawabidingcitizen5153 thx for reply, i found a titanium wire in ebay, so i can use it in my first tube :)
Fantastic, I wouldn't have imagined that a simple mechanical pump plus a getter would be good enough for a tube like this. I may be able to try it out in the future, maybe I'll use the cathode and glass pass-throughs from a fluorescent lamp, as they are readily fused and sealed.
I wonder if ehating the whole tube before yo flash the getter helps it get more from the rest of the tube.
@@jhoughjr1 you're right it does, tubes are usually baked while they are pumped as this helps release trapped gases in the solid parts of the tube, the envelope and elements. If you watch some glasslinger videos you may see him doing it.
The rays of good ☢️
Please watch out! It seems like you don’t have any lead shielding around the tube! Also scattered radiation could be harmful!
Dont worry i actually wear protective gear for this 😄 but my best argument is still the low anode current(+kind of low voltage) and the limited amount of time
fuck, do you wear any protection???
you use copper anode or wolfram in copper?
If Chernobyl creatures made a light bulb
😂
I also woud like to make X ray tube but not just for concept proof but for practical use.
It seems to be ultra simple device which is for some unknown reason way overcomplicated so maybe you will try some other sipler designs later?
One thing to make it practical is to provide good cooling for anode or else it will melt.
also beam has to be focused into a very tiny dot to make this tube usable for imaging.
A very simple usable tube is a cold cathode tube that uses a gas discharge (the cathode can be curved to focus the beam)
In my other video i demonstrated such tubes and soon i will upload a video where i show how to make one 😄
Thank you for sharing
Nice! Awesome, question what happened if you replace a anode with some radioactive material
Mhh could be very interesting i guess it would mostly just give off the characteristic xrays of the isotope
On the other hand it could outgass during the baking procedure and contaminate my pump + whole work space 😅😂 just imagine this mess
@@atominik3375 😂
please tell us you wore some protection my friend... take care of yourself. all in all very cool. gou done a neat job there, got to say 👏
Thanks ! 😄 luckily in energy and power it is not comparable to real industrial or medial tubes(super low current here) so one doesnt have to be worried about a too high dose ..sure all these experiments are done anyway with atleast lead glasses + short exposure time
Someone tag William Osman
Are you selling it?
great work
Often on TH-cam, such projects look like rat nests, but this one is is beautiful! Excellent craftsmanship.
Thx ! 🥺
Good job man :)
I absolutley love it, also im collecting materials and stuff to make my first tube, more videos plisss
Thx 😄 sure there will be more videos
i would also be be interested to see your design when you try it 😊
*THANKS * *********
Try making a focusing cup around the cathode, also a bit of TIG rod works well as the anode. Cut to about 23 degrees and have the angle parallel to the long axis of the filament. Low powered incandescent lamps work great as filament donors. Also baking out the tube, then backfilling the tube with a reactive gas mixture like oxygen then evacuating, then firing the getter with some modest HV on the anode relative to your getter will get an extremely deep vacuum in the tube. Titanium zirconium magnesium and aluminum all work well for getters. The lower melting ones like mg or al should be heated indirectly. Zirconium is the GOAT of getter materials. They use that in extreme reliability helium neon laser tubes like the ones for metrology or ring laser gyroscopes.❤
Very interesting 👍
Incredible work!
at the end of the video, the tube on the left is a fuser? and it works?
Yes and no the gas discharge worked but the fuel storage was outgassing too much over time so the pressure was too high (was filled with a small portion of D2O in coppersulfate )
In future i will continiue with the experiments to this tube
very god
super
Scioglimi i sei gay internazionali mi chiamo Biagio di balsamo e famiglia e amici di scuola della 3e sono a via gargiulo vieni avanti a benedirmi le 3 case in cui abitiamo noi di balsamo e famiglia
Loved very nice
Can you please make a vedio on how to make this 🙏
Sure there will be a Video soon 😄
Ausgezeichnet! 🤗
Holly shit! I have literally every single tool and raw material needed to do this in the garage!
I new my inability to throw away leftover material would pay off one day 😅
What is the construction of the getter? How many amperes per square mm are needed to evaporate the titanium wire?
Looks fairly easy, now i only need a 20,000 volts generator
Amazing!!!! More videos please!!
Thx ! i will continiue very soon 😄
at what angle is the piece of copper or wolfram(anode) cut?
Making the filament must be one of the most difficult parts. Did you harvest it from some other device and reuse it, or made it from scratch?
(edit) oh I see. I've re-watched the video and I think you made it from those 0.5mm thoriated tungsten electrodes. Correct? :)
Yes exactly 😄 i just sacrified my lungs a bit for a cheap source of thoriated filaments ..it was worth it 😎
Next time i will use an old filament from a broken tube
@@atominik3375 TBH I think even plain, non-thoriated tungsten rod would have worked here. You don't want the filament emissivity to be too high in a X-ray tube or else you can't raise the voltage too much without the current skyrocketing. Yes you get more current across the tube, but weaker X-rays.
Or else, coat the plain tungsten in a layer of barium carbonate before installing in the tube; then when the tube evacuation is almost complete but you haven't sealed it yet, heat the filament to orange-yellow to convert the barium carbonate to barium oxide and barium metal, which are the best thermionic enhancers. After that pump the tube some more to get rid of the carbon dioxide gas that the conversion generates before sealing it.
@@stamasd8500 mh yeah makes sense i think i will use pure tungsten in the next xray tube like you said then 🤔 and the barium oxide one day in triodes or crt's
I will now subscribe because you said the magic word 'CRT'. Would very much like to see one with electrostatic deflection, please!
@@StochasticJeffthx
sure but how i make the seals comes first 😄
Loved this! Thank you
Why not use bismuth as an anode material?
Would probably work really good for creating xrays but i guess the low melting point would be a great Problem during the baking procedure (and im not sure about the outgassing)
bismuth is a really low melting point metal, and those anodes get HOT. It would melt. Commercial X-ray tubes even have forced water cooling of the anodes.
(edit) one way to overcome that would be to coat a copper anode with bismuth. Bismuth would diffuse inside the outer layer of the copper anode making a superficial layer of bismuth bronze. That would have a lower melting point than the copper, but considerably higher than the bismuth alone.
Does it pit the target?
electrons do
Jenz is that you?😄
Add captions because it's impossible to understand you
His English is perfectly understandable.
Nice, amazing video!! i would love to try build one
Thx would be nice to see others attempts 😄 like i said in an other comment i will make a more detailed vid about the seals and feedthrough and so on. Especially at the beginning it is very annoying with leaking seals.
Can not uderstand what you are saying.
I understand
What are you saying? You speak very softly sound level.
Ich muss immer so lachen, wenn deutsche TH-camr ihre Videos statt auf deutsch, in holprigem Englisch machen. Was soll das sein? Entwicklungshilfe für Amerikaner? Für das große Land ohne Kultur, das seine Ingenieure schon immer aus Deutschland, Russland und anderswoher geholt hat?
You have almost no audio. I cannot turn my volume up so high without ads ruining my speakers. I thought this was going to be interesting, Too bad !
L + Ratio
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HE İS GERMAN %100
Schnitzelbritzel
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