The Gauls: Ancient Culture Analysis
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 24 ธ.ค. 2024
- A cultural overview of the Gauls, the Celtic culture of pre-Roman France.
Music used: "Rites" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
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Patreon:
/ historywithhi. .
I'm of the Zulu peoples of present day South Africa. I absolutely Love the Celtic and Old European tribes, especially those who stood up to Roman occupation! I count people like Boudicca and Vicengoritrix as heroes. One Love!
1 love
I’m just happy Éire(Ireland) wasn’t taken by the romans.but they were by the normans.some types of people(clans/tribes)just have better weapons.I’m proud to be Irish Celtic,and know the language
Everybody gets along when it comes to hating the Roman Empire❤️❤️❤️
Respect for the Zulu Warriors from Ireland.
Bongani Msubo. You are actual getting it. Props. I feel similar towards yours.
Gauls were, for a very long time in France, considered as an "inferieur" culture compared to the Romans. I feel like they are finally being given back little by little their place in History, not as dirty savages, but simply a culture that lost a war to another.
Inferior until Asterix came in!
Indeed this "inferior culture" battled with Rome for hundreds of years and in the end they even sacked Rome so its quite arguable to say that they destroyed each other.
Until they weren’t, the Frank’s, Gauls etc. ended up ruling a good chunk of the world. Everyone gets their 15
@@chuch541 The franks were german not gaulish
@@makadoz the franks were germanic assimilated to the gauls
About the Gauls' fighting style: We actually know that they almost always fought in formation. Although they were less trained than the Romans, the battles were far more of a confrontation of strong and cohesive formations than asymmetric assaults of barbarians howling and running straight down the Roman lines.
I saw a video from Metatron that touched upon that not too long ago, which I though interesting. I had previously thought that the Gauls fought like wild mobs against the Roman Legion which I suppose is just a reminder of Roman propaganda passed down over the years now that I think about it.
That's the excuse the Romans used to avoid facing the truth : Gauls used magic potion that gave super strength, everyone know that!
@@Game_Hero what kind of magic potion are you talking about?
@@htoosaw9012 A magic potion a druid from a small Gaul village used to protect the last remaining free Gaul village from Romans. A potion that gave temporal super strength to the folks of the village (well except one since he fell into the cauldron that countained it when he was just a lad, giving him permanent super strength but not allowed to take more of it to his annoyance). This tale was transmitted from druid to druid until it came to the ear of two french folks that decided to make a comic series about it!
They were extremely good warriors as well, the best at the time.
I like to mention to people that the french (and others) word for wales; au pays de galles, translates to country of gauls, it's funny how ancient ties remain even in modern language
incredible.
@Taretande No! but so close to be fair. Galois=a mathematical theory.
Gallois="Welsh"
Le gallois=(in lowercase)refers to the "Welsh language "
Un Gallois(capitalised)="Welshman "
Une Galloise (capitalised)="Welshwoman "
@jay d Brittany, or in Latin =Britannia minor (little Britain) and Britannia major (greater Britain) the French say Breton and the English say Briton. They were celts from Britain whose languages were related to Cornish and Cymraeg(Welsh language)
@jay d Did you also know that Paris got its name from the Celtic Parisii tribe who hailed from Yorkshire.
@jay d so true!!
You had me at "I'm going to try to avoid the Romans as much as possible."
Us Greeks still call France by its Celtic name that is Gallia (Γαλλία)
@Allô français canadien it is
I don't think Greek has has any major changes since the creation of the Christian Gospels.
@@Triferus they were forced to abandon their religion/spirituality and forcefully adopt Christianity. I believe that's a major change
@@daimonioshellene
Force?
Greek conversion happened from the bottom to the top of the hierarchy, first converts were peasants, noblemen the last.
It is hard for a peasant to forcefully convert a nobleman.
@@fisebilillah4406 I don't know where you got that information but I think that you are not aware that Christianity is just a tool that was created by Romans in order to keep their population tamed and under control. This had nothing to do with peasants and noblemen. It had to do with race and racial religion/spirituality. Hellenes were Pagan while Christians were not. And there was not a distinction between poor and rich. We are not talking about Communism.
By Toutatis, that was wonderful! I learned so much from this. Thank you.
It's my pleasure, I'm really glad you enjoyed it :) No worries at all, thanks for commenting :)
In Scotland among the Picts, possibly adopted by the highland scots, their stone forts/towers were called Brocks or Brock singular. A crannoch was a round house built on a man made island built up of stones and rocks with wood pilings hammered into the artificial island. They usually had a narrow causeway from the shore to the entrance of the roundhouse.
Sorry, it's actually spelled broch.
I thought brochs predated the Picts.
This really is quality content, and I'm stoked that you take your time to pronounce every little thing correctly. Your channel is a great supplement to other channels like Historia Civilis and Extra History, especially since you don't focus on war, and actually dive into the nitty gritty of day-to-day life and these lesser known civilizations and people. It works perfectly with HC's series on Caesar in Gaul and Vercingetorix, as a much needed addendum.
On that note: Would you consider doing a video that explained some of the things that are often said but seldom explained in history videos? I'm thinking specifically of the implications of raiding, pillaging and plundering, but explanations of trade, family/village/town/city units, landmarks, technology, agriculture and prejudice would be great as well.
Anyway, off to subscribe and watch all of your videos. Cheers!
Extra History is pretty awful
British people are naturally good like that.
Why?
This video is very very informative. Well done.
Leornende Eald Englisc Thanks very much, I'm glad you're enjoying the videos :)
@@historywithhilbert There's a small discrepancy here, which may make it worth checking some of your sources. Celts of Europe growing corn (9:08)? Corn was a grain found only in the Americas until Europeans brought it back post-renaissance. Even after obtaining corn, potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, spices, and many squashes from the Americas, only some of those crops really made a difference in European diets.
@@monsieurdorgat6864 for your old video for -year-old old comments 8 hours old reply
@@avus-kw2f213 I mean, this comment shows why I needed to make this comment. People still watch it - any new viewer should see and notice.
@@monsieurdorgat6864 Corn means/meant grain, not maize. It depends on the context.
“The Belgians were the bravest among the Gauls” - Julius Caesar
Happy to be a Belgae!
With our man Ambiorix 🇧🇪
*The Gauls* men in Cisalpine-Gaul
1:06 5)3 Arveni, Galli, Gauls
Vercangetrix
Gaul Population grows
3:32 Gaulish Language
4:34 Gaul Complection
• Clothes showed Rank/Status
5:38 Rectangle Houses
• Celtic Animism, Boar 🐗
• Celtic Druids provide Future Sight
Cows 🐄 Goats 🐐
Milk 🥛 , Cheese 🧀 Meat 🥩
10:00 Warrior Class, Champions
⚔️ Metal Killers 🛡
Farming, Food, Land, Famine, Shortages
12:09 Roman War vs Gaulic War
• 390 BCE Gallic Sacking of Rome
Drinking cups and mugs 🍺
Etruscan wine jugs
15:03 Tribal Consuls
Large Temples Appear
17:05 Gaul was attacked countless times
in greek the name of france is Gallia ( land of the Gauls )
That's interesting. I had no idea.
Done it again. Well researched and interestingly presented material. You're making a habit of watchable videos. Keep it up. I very much enjoy them.
Nice, I come from western Lombardy: this area is still named Insubria, after the insubri cisalpine-Gauls. In the natural park right next to my town there is an archaeological site with the ancient ruins of a Celtic village.
Sorry for the correction, but the Celtic Languages Tree (between 3:40 and 4:30) is partially wrong. Breton language is not a Gallic language by any means. It actually belongs with the Brittonic languages (and far closer to Irish and Scottish Gaelic for example). Breton people are not originally Gauls but Insular Celts (from Britain) who came ‘back’ on the continent in what is now known as ‘Bretagne’ in France (hence the concepts of ‘Great Britain’ versus continental ‘Britain’/‘Brittany’/‘Bretagne’). And Gaulish (in other parts of modern France) is from another branch of Celtic languages.
There might be other small details to update in the historical part, but it’s not my expertise. I think most of your video is still quite respectful of the main facts though.
Once again excellent and spectacularly amusing. Terrific race them gauls, incredible fighters. Valued by the ptolemy's dynasty gaul warriors served as royal guards in egypt, and more than once gaulic raiders attacked fiercely the hellenistic world, eventually achieving dominance in a part of asia minor called after them Galatia.
Thank you very much for your positive feedback Smarsha! I would agree, and I hope that history will start giving them the credit they deserve for it soon. I did not know about that at all but it's something I will look into, thanks for letting me know :) That's right, although in this one I only really talked about the Gauls from modern-day France, but the Gauls of Anatolia deserve a dedicated video in future I think :)
Nah they were defeated and a deal was made to settle in a territory in the middle of Anatolia which later was named Galatia
Something which should always be mentioned is transportation. The Romans recognised multiple vehicle types of the Gauls. I don't recall them offhand but they consisted of varying types of chariots and four wheeled wagons.
There are a few things that appear to have been invented by the Gauls - iron tyres - these are the iron rims on wagon wheels to add strength and longevity. Suspension chains on wagons and coopering - the industry that gives us barrels, butts, kegs. The barrel would eventually replace the amphorae of the classical world for transporting wine and Gaulish wagons would carry those barrels across Europe.
There was a cargo ship used by the Romans called a gaulus that seems to be based on the ships used along the Atlantic coast of Gaul, the ponto may be another of this type. Certainly they had large ships engaging in trade between Gaul and Britain and these ships seemed to have essentially been really large viking type ships with no oars but leather sails and chains instead of ropes.
Something else that the Gauls were known for is coursing. Hunting with dogs was fairly common but the Gaulish dog the vertragus (uertragos) was famed for it's speed. It's likely the base breed that the greyhound is descended from.
The Roman victory on the Gauls was a cultural one long before a military one.
The Pictish stone tower is called a broch. The crannog is a round house built on a wooden platform out on a loch, found in Scotland and Ireland.
I looked up Roman Gaul but I’d rather learn about Gaul before too. They seemed very advanced and like you said at the end easier to conquer when they share culture and centralization. A great civilization, that fought alongside Hannibal.
The Gauls who first endangered, sacked and almost conquered Rome were the ones which had settled in Northern Italy: the ancestors of the modern Northern Italians (who are mostly of Gaulish descent).
Quite right, the Cisalpine Gauls I believe. It's interesting stuff :)
They where led by a Gallic king originated from Senones (middle of actual France) Brennus from 300 BC (their where others throughout history because Brenn only means "chief of war") who came down and allied those Northern Italy Gauls tribes to go downtown on those republicans turning them into a territory hungry Empire (which is when things get all decadent) so scared they where afterwards
but those northern italians are germans, noo? because of the lombards invasion?
Its a lie the italian gauls were . Not gauls from frances
χρονης κ.
The leader of the group that sacked Rome and the one that leaded the invasion of Greece were both named Brennus. Though they weren’t the same person just same name.
Very informative, good cadence, and good usage of appropriate imagery.
This is much better historical content than what some professional outfits are putting out these days.
Keep up the good work.
Thank you very much :)
I'm glad you've enjoyed the video :)
If you're interested I've stored all my Ancient Culture Analysis videos in a playlist for ease of viewing:
th-cam.com/play/PLWHb-MbcZ9kqKeUHr0yefGjotArmEsfwW.html
Hi Hilbert. One of the diagrams you used regarding the Celtic languages has it that Breton was developed from Gallic. Given that the Bretons were originally immigrants from Celtic England wouldn't their language have developed from Brythonic like Cornish?
Well I cant really tell the origin of the breton language, but one thing that is sure; there were gallic tribes that left gaul, to go in britannia.
Here because of the civ 6 update. It's insane how much history I am learning because of this game. Thanks for the upload! Really enjoyed your vid. Will definitely check out the rest of your content and sub!
I found this to be a really interesting video, Hilbert! I found it through researching the Irish-Gaelic and Scottish-Gaelic differences which I found on your channel under languages. Currently, I'm doing some research for a fictional story I'd like to write that is influenced by the cultures in these regions. I'm really trying to better understand what kind of societies they were and some of their folk lore and beliefs, so your videos have been really helpful on understanding the societal aspect so far!
I'm an American, but on both my mother's and father's side of the family we have Northern European, British, German, and French ancestry- So, it's possible I may be related to some extent to the Gauls or the Gaelic people. It would be really interesting to find out if I still have close relatives that I don't know (cousins) living in those countries still.
The Gauls have won quit a few battles vs the Romans and they even sacked Rome at one point I believe
francisco4ben the Gauls never made it that far south.
It was back when the Rome wasn't even a state just sanctuary for war refugees and investors
Not only Rome, the went to Greece and trashed Delphi, before some settled in central Anatolia. The Galatians (as in Epistle to ...)
yes the gauls did sack rome and the romans paid them to go away the gauls weighed the gold on dogy scales. the romans complained and the gaul leader tossed his sword on the scales and said woe be unto the vanquished. that earned the gauls the enmity of the roman until rome destroyed them.
@@SantomPh They sacked Rome in the 4th Century BC and inhabited Cisalpine Gaul. That is part of the reason the Romans feared and hated them.
My last name is Gaul. I enjoyed hearing about my roots.
Scott Gaul my grandmother on my dad’s side are Gaul’s as well. Spelt the same as your name. We are in Australia now
Scott Gaul I’ve heard it means the strangers in Irish/Scottish Gaelic and comes from the word Gauloglass. The strangers with the sword or axe. They were mercenaries hired by Celtic chieftains
These arent necessarily youre ancestors. Gaul sounds like it was just Anglocized, and your family might just be eastern european
Henry the Innocent VIII Gaul in Irish /Scottish Gaelic means stranger. So not much anglicisation there.
my last name is from northern Italy.. maybe my great nth grandpa fought against this guy Julius Caesar... :D
I cannot remember where I read it, but the Historian Tacitus wrote that if the Gauls had ceased to fight among themselves and had presented a united front, they would have been nearly invincible. This characteristic still prevails even today. Here in America, even in French areas, no politician openly seeks the "French vote," since his fellow Gaulois will be quick to vote against him.
Anarchie mon frère 🤌
I'm wanting to see one of the Picts or the Gaels.
I'll be making one on both in due course :) Thanks for the enthusiasm :D
Hot off the Historical Press:
th-cam.com/play/PLWHb-MbcZ9kouDPymw9zeG6ek7yrByvyL.html
Celtic Templar the Picts were overrun with Moores and Berbers.
@@fbnflaviusbroadcastingnetw6786 . Berber ?? You mean phénicien ppl ..thé berbere IS french invention from thé word barbare
ok
Breton is spoken in France, but is actually Brittonic. Brittonic speakers migrated to France in large numbers during the Anglo Saxon invasion and that region became modern Brittany. There are no living descendants of the Gaulish language.
Also Manx and Scots Gaelic are also descendants of Old Irish. Old Irish is the oldest known Goidelic language.
According to their own legends, the Gaels came to Ireland from NW Spain. Maybe a grain of truth in that ???
marconatrix the genetics studies done prove they came from Galicia. They also settled Britain as well.
marconatrix from Norte Portu Calli.
Breton is descended from Common Brittonic, which was described by Tacitus to being very similar to Gaulish, and we have actually have evidence for this, so even if Breton isn't descended from Gaulish, it and it's relatives are the closest languages to Gaulish we have, and Gaulish probably would look quite similar if it it was still around today IMO
I had searched "French Celts." Very informative and well done!
Been a fan of yours for some time, and came across this one when I was looking for research material for a culture on developing for my pathfinder game. Excellent video, I really appreciate the insights.
How's that going?
Their houses where not smoky because as I've just saw in a french documentary where people simulated a Gallic village, the roof made of thatch actually allowed for smoke to find a way out while rain would slide down on it (pretty clever) you don't have to speak french just look in this video at 3:20 th-cam.com/video/QUGtybOanTc/w-d-xo.html and see for yourself how it looks inside
And you can also see that they are not as dark as you may think for the opening in the upper part of the roof letting light come in from a high angle (probably more efficient than our body height windows except of course that they had no white paint on ceilings to reflect light in the room, but since they didn't write what was the use of having that much light inside) You can also see in the video around the same time or at 9:17 .
Also they were few kings and rather more chiefs because the Gauls valued their freedom and rejected centralised power. Higher kings as you said only appeared in times of need when their "freedom" or way of life was threaten by too big of a power, like when a megalomaniac Roman emperor wants to rule the world (because his mommy didn't love him enough probably) and is still praised while he got killed and actually stopped in his madness stabbed by his own son (which says a lot about a man in my opinion) when he established himself "Emperor of divine rights" which means "go fuck yourself everybody forever" if you'll excuse my french ;)
In such times men like Ambiorix and Vercingetorix arise an federate Gallic tribes to push back the fucker but it's only temporary as the idea is to bring back "freeeeedooooom!!!"
Your are the best dude, it would be great a video of Ibers, Iberic Celts or the great Viriato, greetings from Gallaecia!!
1:20 Galli, The Gauls, a collection of tribes, on there own, unless outside invaders came
4:33 Celtic Language Tree
1:30
Props on sticking to the classical Latin pronunciation.
Thank you one more time for this well made video.
Just two details: on the first map, the very powerful tribe of the allobroges is missing in the present day dauphiné and savoy and , quite surprisingly, the word gaul doesn’t come from galli but from the word used by the franks to design the gallo-Romans who lived there when they invaded this area. They used the same word ‘walh ’ than the other Germanic tribes meaning “foreigners “ ( mainly Celtic people) after the name of a Celtic tribe, the volques , who was in lasting contact with the Germanic peoples. This word gave also Wales and Wallonia.😉
I rarely subscribe and I certainly have never guzzled so many delicious history videos in succession. Good show, sir!
Thanks for being my substitute for learning about Guals. Textbooks always seem to complicate things and making it hard to understand what points are key.
You make very informative videos. I think I was first watching a brief video on Vikings,
I don't remember, where I 1st came there, it wasn't the starting point neither.
But this time it was through the Vikings I ended up looking at the histories of different ethnicities in Europe.
From a video of settling Iceland I guess next I went to Celts, and I think it was your video, then to 1 one your videos about the Picts, because they are for a strong part a mystery for us moderners, like Etruscans in Italy. It wasn't about the language, because that I found only after this one.
I'm especially interested in the time before the Roman conquests, because the Romans and Germanic + Slavic migrations, plus a few others after that mostly settled the ethnography of Europe until today.
Based o the videos on Picts, Celts and what I've earlier watched concerning Western Europe including the Basques, it would seem to me, that the Picts also spoke a (P) Celtic language, but it's possible they had kept some custom, religion etc. from previous eras.
So to me they speak of the history of much of the Europe, where the Celts brought new advanced technology. It seems that they came from Anatolia through the Balkans and northern Italy to Spain, and there by the coast until the British Isles. A letter from the Scots to the pope in the 13th century reveals they still had a cultural memory (legend), that they came from Spain, and before that from 'Scythia', which probably meant Anatolia. Interestingly a study of the Celts' paternal lineage shows a genetic trail by the moving route I described above. It matches closely with the Scottish legend, or story of origin. That video is by a channel called Tomorrow's World Viewpoint, named: Where Did the Celts Come From?
th-cam.com/video/KqvdRN7gnWQ/w-d-xo.html
In the forested regions, bread was made from acorns. The acorns were harvested in Late Fall, processed into flower and went into storage. Like the cow as dairy producer has a holy status in India, the oak must have had that status with the Gauls.
Really great video, I'm going to check out the rest now
Thanks very much! Glad you enjoyed it, and I hope you enjoy the rest of my other videos too!
FINALLY! A video BEFORE the Romans!
The Gauls were quite wealthy from trade. Caesar, who was heavily in debt, was very keen to seize their coins. The merchants of the Curiosolitae buried coin boards on Jersey so he couldn’t find them. Meanwhile, the Veneti of Morbihan Bay gave Caesar’s navy some trouble. They had ocean-going ships with high sides and leather sails. The Britons came to their aid, which is one motive for Caesar’s invasion of Britain.
Exactly. And this solidarity between the Britons and the Armorican Gauls would certainly explain why the Cornish fled to Armorica = Brittany 4 centuries later during the Anglo-saxon invasions.
Great vid! Thanks for all the info you shared in it.
I would love to see a similar one of the Celts of the British Isles.
No problem, thank you for your feedback - it's my pleasure to make videos that people enjoy! :)
I am currently working on making one about the Picts but have several more Celtic peoples on the list :)
Nice work, Hilbert.
William Cooke Thanks very much William! Would you like to see more of these ancient culture analysis videos featuring other civilisations?
Sure, if you want to make them.
It is interesting that in many of the places where the Celts flourished the topography, even today, shares the syllable 'Gal...', 'Gael...' in its name. For instance, Galicia, Galatia and Gallia.
And the the P Celtic languages also share it, Gaeilge (Ireland), Gàidhlig (Scotland), Gaelg (Isle of Man).
For information on the structure of early Irish society, one could do worse that read the tales in the Ulster and Fiannaícht (anglice Fenian) mythological cycles, especially the Táin Bó Cuailgne (Ulster cycle). These cycles also highlight the position of women as the equal of men. Queen Medb of Connacht is a far stronger character than her husband and in the tale The Children of Lir, Fionuala is the strogest of the siblings; and consider Queens Cartimandua and Boudicca in Britain. Incidentally, although a P Celtic name, it contain a cognate (Boud....) with the modern Irish term (Buadh) for victory - in essence her name makes her an original Victoria.
Just sayin'
David Monks: Moreover, “Wal” is Breton for “valour”. It doesn’t mean “foreigner” at all.
You probably mean toponymy.
Family is from Bourgogne, specifically Yonne. The closest tribe I know of is the Senones. Brennus is noted for sacking Rome.
Fascinating stuff. Great scholarship. Thanks.
flawless pronunciation, AWESOME !
THOSE GAULS GOT BALLS. I REALLY ENJOY THE THE WAY YA LAY IT ON. GOOD STUFF.
HAVE FUN AND TAKE CARE GARE
They really did yes :) Thank you very much Gare, I'll keep making videos like this :)
Also you might like this video where I visit a Gallic Oppidum in the South of France:
th-cam.com/video/Q7RHNfTMcLM/w-d-xo.html
On the section "Celtic Languages Tree" around 3:44 onwards, Gaulish or Gallic is seen followed by Breton, which belongs to the Britonnic group (Southwestern Britonnic Language group to be more precise, just like Cornish). Whereas Gaulish/Gallic was part of the Continental Celtic languages. So Breton did not evolve from Gallic, because Bretons came from Britain to Armorica and the place became known as Bretagne (Brittany) ever since. One would think Breton is closely related to Gaulish because of geography, but no. It's confusing I admit, because now there is an Insular Celtic language spoken in Continental Europe.
Merci pour cette petite leçon sur mes ancêtres . one thing though , there was no such people as the Gauls , this was invented by the romans to describe the barbarians tribes living north of them , a patchwork of quarrelsome people trying to share the vast area we now call western Europe . My tribe was the Remis (Reims+Epernay) and there is no archeological evidence whatsoever that they called or considered themselves "Gauls". Nice introduction to French history though !!
That's true but I can hardly mention all the names of all the tribes every time xD
Thanks for the compliment!
My tribe was either the Tricasses (Troyes) or the Lingones (Bar-sur-Aube).
Assuming my family has always been there of course.
I’m of the Datu tribe.
Allobroges in my case.
Helvii for my own.
Does anyone know why Celtic Oppida’s (towns) fell out of use in Germania during the later half of antiquity. I also thought this seemed odd, as with all the opportunities for trade and plunder the Roman Empire represented for the German tribes you would think a demand for centralised centre’s of trade and industry would increase, not fall out of use.
Sat waiting for this
Haha :D
Corn is a general term for grain, nothing to do with Zea mays. Perhaps barley. Presently in the land of the Petricore : Périgord.
Metatron is great!
Very fine video
... and mead is fermented honey ;-)
Wait is this metatron?
This was great! The detailed information along with your great layout of facts in the video really taught me a lot haha
It's always a awesome moment whenever I see one of your videos in my sub box xD
Thank you! I'm glad you enjoyed the video :) That's what I was hoping for with this video so I'm really happy to hear this from you! That's quite the compliment you know!
The name Gaul was given to the Portuguese, they had a port and the Romans call it port of Gaul, port of Gaul.
French History 🇫🇷 🔥
Every time you pronounce something correctly it's like extreme ASMR! It's so rare on youtube!
In today's France the only remains of celtic culture are in Britain (Bretagne), France has way more of a Germano-Roman culture.
Nice and Marseille were founded by Greeks from Phocéa, Pyrenees mountains were Bask, before the Romans arrived.
There's been the Franks of course , but also the Burgonds (Burgundy), the Lombards(savoy), the Wisigoths (Aquitaine.
And some Vikings established in Normandy.
Funktastic Ed no I would say France is Gallo-Romance in way of life not germano-Roman.
Funktastic Ed: the Britons also settled in Normandy, Maine, Anjou, Poitou, Blois, Berry, the Somme, Gascony and the Basque country. The Y-DNA of Navarre is mostly British!
First duke of normady was viking
you mean Brittany, not Britain.
@@ppaaccoojrf they are sort of right, brittany =Britannia minor (in Latin as little Britain) and Britannia major (in Latin as greater Britain)
Pretty sure Breton isn't descended from Gallic/Gaulish, it's a Brittonic language brought over by Britons fleeing the Anglosaxon invasion right? According to Wikipedia anyway
The Britains, (Iceni tribe for example) were native to the area waaay before the Gauls ever got driven west by the Romans.
Breton is indeed Brythonic
I have been to Alesia un Auvergne, Where Vercingetorix was besieged by Caesar. Sunning place on a plateau with a sharp cliff overlooking the plains below. Lots and lots of ruins, stone slabs and monuments there. Worth visiting.
Thank you. Really interesting.
What is fascinating is that the Senons managed to beat the Romans in 390 BC. Everybody knows what Brennus said : « Vae victis ».
I only imagine what would have happened if all the gaulish tribes joined the Senons. History is a very tragedy.
And this roman defeat fostered their fear of the Gauls and their willingness to erase the threat they embodied.
Love all ur videos. Awesome job...
I want to know one thing .. that Caesar caused death to one million Gauls and another million were enslaved and brought back to Rome ... Please make a video of losses of Gauls due to the conquest of JULIUS CAESAR.
Thank you for another great video!
Thanks very much Jossie, I'm glad you enjoyed it!
Also i propose givin a look at the life and journeys of Pytheas, perhaps the most famous citizen of Massalia! As a Greek and a lover of the celtic culture, it allways excites me to hear about Massalia, which prior to roman occupation, as a Greek colony of Phoceans was a trading and cultural meeting point for the two civillizations.
I shall take a look at it, I've seen bits and pieces but never more than a glancing peak. Yes same here, although minus the Greek part, I think the Romans get so much credit for their role in colonising the ancient world that the others who did it before like the Greeks and the Phoenicians aren't given the limelight they deserve. Thanks for the information Smarsha!
History With Hilbert Thank you my friend! I would definitely watch that video about the Gauls of Anatolia and would love anything phoenician like Carthage ! Keep up the good work!
No problem at all, thank you for getting involved in the historical discussion :D I certainly have one planned on both Carthage and the Phoenicians in the future, but the Anatolian Gauls does sound like an enticing topic for a video, so I'll most likely make content based on all three :D Thank you again for the enthusiasm!
Sweet post, thanks.
If you're looking to do the restored classical pronunciation of Julius Caesar's time, everything you're doing now sounds good, but your v's should sound like w's
Thank you very much! I'm glad you enjoyed it :D
Ah okay, thank you so much for telling me this! I'll endeavour to do this when next pronouncing Classic Latin :)
At 3:54 your diagram shows Breton (Brezhoneg) being derived from Gaulish. In fact it seems to have evolved from British, having been brought back to the continent by immigrants escaping the Saxon expansion into Dumnonia. It is closest to Cornish, but has of course been influenced by French. As far as is known, Gaulish died out completely during the Roman period, the entire province was thoroughly Romanised. Britannia obviously less so, or we wouldn't have Welsh & Cornish, we'd have some kind of Romance language in their place.
Breton is a Cymric language and most closely related to the Cornish language. The other Cymric languages were Welsh and the now extinct Cumbric.
4:50 You could say they were quite... Gaudy.
I'll see myself out.
I found this video very entertaining and enlightening, thank you very much. However, I would like to point out that corn (maize) is a native american plant and was introduced to the european continent after 1492. Consequently it was impossible for Gauls to grow and harvest it. I would think that they grew different varieties of wheat, buckwheat, barley, eincorn, however this is just a speculaton. Thank you once again for this informative video.
9:10 Corn?
Have you ever had Gaulish fries (French fries) or Gaulish toast (French toast).
French fries (or more correctly just french [sic] fries) have nothing to do with the country or people - to french was an archaic English word for the process of cutting vegetables into long thin strips.
France probably invented it, but even we concede that the belgians make the better Fries, and you know how hard it is for us French to admit thah
Thankyou very much for the explanations. I appreciated them very much. Outstanding work!
Mgtow much ?
What were some sources for this video? I am interested in reading about Ancient Gaul and the people, however most of everything I find are titles like "the conquest of Gaul" and other Roman perception writings. Any Suggestions?
I found the video extremely detailed and clear. Thank you.
Hello! Came across your channel and love it! I did sub. I do have a question. In my DNA test it said the highest percentage I have is Western Europe. Of course my surname is originally an old Yorkshire name of old Anglo- Saxon roots from what I keep reading, but is also found in Scotland and has been found in Ireland too through migration over there. There's also two ways of spelling my last name.... Anyhow, when I look at the color map chart on ancestry web site it show in a dark blue as "Western Europe" western France going up to Belgium and the Netherlands and circles around to part of England. So is my background probably of old Celtic gaul that would have mixed with Germanic tribes and there started speaking Germanic language? After that it says "Great Britain" and shows Germany and eastern and southern France highlighted and it shows some of that color in England too. What would your thoughts be on this? As far as I can see and read About my background would basically be what basically is mentioned in this video- Celtic Gauls.
Also my mother is of the Border Reivers stock! From the Anglo-Scottish borders. Her surname is an old Scottish name but was found in Cumbria before coming to America! You really should do a video on the border people/reivers and their genetic background mix and with who they are and what they did. Thanks and keep up the good work!
I should also add my "French" mix also had part of northern Spain.
ok maybe one more thing. when I click on "Europe west" it has all of France and Germany, Belgium, Netherlands highlighted. it's summing up everything that they find in my dna and concluding that I have the most western Europe in my blood. the other map showed very specifically a certain part of western Europe highlighted. maybe I'm just not understanding this. I got a grasp of how it works, but those two maps threw me off. Sorry for the long comments.
Thank you very much for your kind words! Welcome to the horde! :D
In response to your questions on your DNA Test, I'm by no means an expert on genealogy but these would be my guesses as to what they are showing.
The dark blue in North-western France, Belgium and the Netherlands could be showing Norman ancestry as Normandy was around the central-northern French coastline and would also explain these colours in England because of the Norman influx slightly prior to and certainly after 1066. I don't think your hypothesis would work because the Gauls stopped speaking Gaulish (Celtic language from Gaul) during and slightly after the Roman Conquest in favour of Vulgar Latin which would evolve into French, hence why modern French is closely related to Spanish, Italian and Latin but not so much to Cornish, Breton or Irish for example. I'm not sure about your other colour in southern France, Great Britain and Germany. Possibly a travelling group such as gypsies or Jews?
Ah the border reivers are fascinating, I'll certainly make a video about them!
Thank you for your enthusiasm and comments!
Ah well that then could likely be Celtic because of the Celtic region of Galicia in Northern Spain being very Celtic :)
No problem about the comments; it's interesting to read!
Unfortunately I don't know much about what these results would correlate to so I can only give my rather uninformed opinion and guesses as to what they could show from historical migrations and movements of people :)
You can always consult someone who does know more about this and get their take on it :)
Great video! Thank you. I found it by searching for info on the Gauls (other than the wars with Rome).
Cool vid my man
This video is very interesting! Sometimes i think that when we speak of Gaul we talk about France and show France but, we don’t often talk about Belgium. It’s as if the Belgae arent that important. 🥲 Is it because there was also a small germanic part? Thank you for the video!
At 9:07 you say "corn"... is this right? was there corn available in that time?
Here from reaction videos to Civilization 6 Frontier Pass update, that will introduce Byzantium and Gaul to the game this month. This will be the first time Gaul has shown up officially. Under the leader, Vercinegetorix.
No actual corn was cultivated in Europe until 1492 but grain was referred to as corn before actual corn was grown in Europe.
Another Great Video !!! I wanted to ask, do you do any historical wargaming ? If so what army/time period do you enjoy playing most. TY again & looking forward to your next video
You mention one advantage of a smoky house, but the other - from experience - is that the smoke annoys and deters vermin from living in your thatch. Which I guess would be especially important if you were dangling hams from your rafters.
I am descended of gaul and brigantine tribes from Ireland. fascinating.
Right on, very interesting, thanks for sharing.
Thank you for writing about my ancestors.
Excellent. Thought-provoking. Thanks!
Just linguistic tidbit: "Gaul" is not cognate with "Galli". The word "Gaul" actually comes from a Germanic word for "foreigner". Also the linguistic tree is inaccurate. Breton is not descended from Gaulish/Gallic. It is descended from language spoken by immigrants from the Isles. Plus, Scottish Gaelic should be stemming from Old Irish, as it was spoken by Irish Gaels that migrated to Scotland and replaced the Picts.
Was about to post exactly this, but you did it for me. Personally I would also contest the "Gallo-Brithonic" group, but I suppose that's arguable.
Ceorla Cyng I used to very much favor the Gallo-Brithonic grouping but I've come to take it with a grain of salt. It's hard to contest similarities between attested words in the languages, especially in personal names, but it is also hard to tell if these are true similarities or just a byproduct of interpretatio romana. There are also the accounts that the language of the Britons was mutually intelligible with Gaulish, but these reports are also not corroborated, so I agree with you, it is very much debatable.
That's just it, the lack of indisputable proof is frustrating and seemingly insurmountable. I too was a Gallo-Brithonic supporter, but I found that annoyingly Brithonic shares innovations with Goidelic as well as Gaulish. The problem of the interpretatio romana and the general lack of Roman sources on Celtic language make the debate practically unending. Hopefully we'll eventually find something that conclusively puts Brithonic closer to Gaulish or proves the similarities as merely proto-celtic.
Ceorla Cyng Agreed, I completely forgot about the innovations shared between Brythonic and Goidelic, good point. Hopefully some light will be shed on the relationship between these languages soon.
Ceorla Cyng I also think it's worth noting that there is also another debatable aspect of the language tree represented in the video. Some scholars argue that Lepontic is an early dialect of Gaulish, not an independent Celtic language. I don't really know enough about Lepontic to firmly sit on either side of the debate, but thought the fact that there is one was worth noting.
Nice video!
Just realizing why 14:30 Western France was not as romanized as the Eastern... the Rhône...!
(Later, much later in the early 1500's the Reformed church would be spread through the Loire....)
Thanks for watching! Et oui, l'histoire de France c'est trés interesante!
I know next to nothing about the French language, but you managed to use all of the words I happen to know. So, thanks for making me feel multicultural for a spell. :'D
Just on thing: the breton langage descents from Brithonic, more than Gallic. The welshs of the Vth century bringed their language when they landed in brittany after they migrated accross the English Channel.
Excellent and very informative!
I love your sweaters!
Really value your videos!
My understanding is that DNA research confirmed that the population of France is Gallic in its origin. Some Roman DNA, but descendants of the Franks constitute minute percentage. Then why is it called France and not Gaul?
Why England and not Saxland? Why Nederland and not Frisiland? It's an interesting question, but I think the answer lies in which group holds the power. Take Normandy as an example. Historians don't think the Norse inhabitants of the French Duchy ever outnumbered the native Frankish population, but they rather think that they were ruling class hence why it became the province of the "Northmen." In the same way I don't think when the Franks invaded Gaul the Gallic population overnight became Frankish, in fact I think most never really became very Frankish at all. But the ruling classes were now Frankish, and spoke Frankish, so people from other countries would refer to it as Francia, "that place them Franks are from." When the Frankish Empire was split into three following the custom of dividing one's property in correlation with the amount of sons a man had after Louis (sole son of Charlemagne and last ruler of a united Francia) the two halves that survived were in the east (Germany) and the west (France). Following this division, the nobility of West Francia abandoned their traditional Frankish (Germanic) language that had been spoken throughout Charlemagne's united Francia by the nobles for cohesion's sake, and instead started to speak the native (Romance) language which would eventually lead to French. With the crowning of Otto in 962 AD as Holy Roman Emperor, East Francia becomes known as the Holy Roman Empire, whereas the West Franks still call their kingdom Francia which would then evolve with the Romance pronunciation to "France."
Hope this somewhat answers your question! Just ask if something I typed doesn't make sense, a history nerd such as myself gets easily carried away :D
I guess Gallic humor still reminds us of their origin.
Pupsick Pow Quite possibly :)
P Pow
In Greek, "France" is named "Γαλλία" which is "Gallia". So we call them correct.
P Pow it should be called Land of Great chefs
5:40 Iberian celts also used round houses (look up Castrexo) while the celtiberians (Celts influenced by iberian tribes) were more advanced and had some rectangular houses afaik. Also celtiberians are not the same as just "celts" nor "iberians", wich reffer to more specific things. Iberians are tribes with a common language from the mediterranean coast of Spain for instance, more advanced than celts.
"They reared cattle in the form of sheep"
Ahh the old witchcraft to fool cow thieves trick ;)