Write Your Own 64-bit Operating System Kernel #2 - Stack, long mode and printing using C code
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 14 ต.ค. 2024
- In the second episode of this series, we setup a basic stack, enable long mode, setup basic paging, and write some C code that prints any text onto the screen.
All the code is available on GitHub:
github.com/dav...
Consider becoming a Patreon supporter below if you'd like me to continue to spend time creating these videos:
/ codepulse
Thanks to the Patreon supporters since last episode: Helge Sverre Hessevik Liseth, Kaas, D L, Fernando Muinos
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Useful resources (in no particular order):
wiki.osdev.org/
First edition: os.phil-opp.co...
Latest edition: os.phil-opp.com/
en.wikipedia.o...
www.osdever.net...
And some youtube videos such as:
• 1 - How to make an ope...
• How to Write an Operat...
• Operating System Basics
Finally found a guy who answers our question in stack overflow
when the tech suppport needs tech support
A hacker trying to hack a hacker
I have Saphire Nitro PLUS - not PULS ! ITS DIFFERENT !!!
@@antoniofuller2331 yup
Windows : please activate your license
me: time to start my own os
Just burn arch onto a pendrive.
That's the very thing I wanted to say. Damn, you were faster.
@maDeveloper maybe in your dreams
@maDeveloper how so?
@@dbwt22if Windows is sniper,
Linux is nuclear weapon
please continue this series, we will watch it with great interest
@@sillygoose1030 because he is the average programming youtuber
what does it mean?@@x86debug
@@sastashroud7646 you lack any critical thinking and it shows
@@x86debug I'm in 12th just started programming though
Windows: *windows activation label appears*
CodePulse: Challenge accepted.
Fine, I'll just make my own operating system with Blackjack and hookers!
Or just use GNU :P
@@hariranormal5584 Its actuallt gnu/linux
@@echoptic775 GNU ain't Linux tho
@@echoptic775 systemd/gnu/linux
This is such an interesting project, I wish this stuff was taught in my operating systems course. I'm really glad you didn't give up on this little series.
Thank you :)
@@javidfarhan1675 it will obviously depend on your university/college and your professor, but at mine the os course was used for both computer science and computer engineering and so as a result it wasn't focused enough for either study because each study is wanting a different thing. In the beginning of the course we focused on hardware logic gates and the study of boolean math, while the latter part of the course we did some programming but we really just ran performance tests on code ran with and without using threads (using java in an os course and slightly talked about c and c++) and it finally got interesting when we were learning about piping the output of one program to the input of another.
@@CodePulse This series is just awesome, as the number of views on these videos shows. I really hope you continue, I can see this series inspire new people to enter into kernel programming.
Where did you get an operating system course, through a University or online 🤔
@Powersoft RIP
Watching this made me feel both smarter and dumber. It was glorious!
fell you bro!
Good education always has that double effect. The more you know the more you discover is still to learn.
Avoid the channels that make you feel like you've totally arrived
@@trueriver1950 and also avoid the channels that only make feel stupid
While fast, I find this style of presentation excellent! If something is unclear, I con always rewind or pause... but no time get wasted for explaining things over and over. Also I really liked the sentence "If you don't understand it yet, accept it as is for now, you can come back to this when you are ready" (paraphrasing), I think I steal it for my own courses
I agree entirely!
Yes! Just what I needed in lockdown.
Lol, lockdown isn't real bro, it was just a joke
Lockdown or lockup?
Please, don't stop making this series
The only coding TH-cam channel that doesn’t make me skip any parts like other ones. This guy needs a job at Google
Glad to hear that! I was worried that this episode had some boring and complicated parts in it.
Forget Google and having a Job at some already established corporation... I would suggest starting and building his own Corporation!
Next up, building a custom OS for Risc-V CPU architectures!
@@skilz8098 exactly
@@CodePulse no bro, you explained it beautifully. Waiting for the next part
@@yournemesis8232 i dont think there's gonna be a next part
Can’t wait for the next entry!
Wow, it's amazing. There are few videos on youtube explaining how to make an operating system, please, send more videos about projects like this with asm and c.
I'm so jealous. We had to wait for the card to signal that it was instructing the display to retrace the electron beam from right to left. We accomplished that by polling the CGA adapter's refresh I/O port to prevent the display from going all snowy if video RAM was written to while the card was painting a horizontal scan line on the tube. We had to do that because the RAM on those old CGA cards wasn't dual port. It was a breath of fresh air when the newfangled EGA adapters allowed us to skip that tedious step, and text printing rates tripled!
Thanks for the trip down memory lane. It's probably been 35 years since I created a .bss, .text, .code, .data, or .stack section.
I think keyboard input should be on part 3, its pretty important for an os to have an input method
You need an IDT and GDT befor that.
This is easy to follow and understand. I think the level of detail is just right!
Excellent work :)
Suggestions for the next videos:
-read keyboard input
-malloc
-hard disk driver
-32bit graphics
-multi tasking
Please come back to this series @CodePulse. You did incredible with it and taught many of us so much!
Can't wait for the next video on this topic, the editing is just amazing
I’ve followed multiple tutorials on how to do this but they all just stay in 16bit mode and or quit before anything interesting was made, thank you for this!
Support for some kind of keyboard input would be really nice!
Hey there man! I highly encourage you to continue this series and lead a way to create a full fledged OS with GUI, It's going to be hard, but i know it's gonna be worth it, cause you're the only one, who's actually working and teaching us to create things we use, from scratch, i really love that!
Amazing stuff!
A friend and me were writing our own OS back in 2000. It was using i386 protected mode, starting and returning to DOS, loading our own mouse driver and using some optimized memory allocation for internal needs.
We also got scheduler to work. Accessing HDD without any BIOS calls would be the next challenge for us...
I tried in 1994 but then Windows 95 showed up and I gave up ;-)
@@henson2k :) Windows 95 was actually the best motivation to build something new. Almost all, what you could build would be better :-D
I'm really glad I happened to stumble across this series of videos!
Man, this brought tears to my eyes. This is beautiful. You have restored my faith in humanity. True programmers still exist. I feel 20 again...
What do you mean by "true" programmers? Do you mean writing code in assembly language? Because if so, you have the wrong picture.
Awesome videos, thank you so much for sharing them.
Could you do an episode (or more) for ARM architectures? 🙏
Thanks, I'll get to that eventually
Good suggestion
Awesome! Looking forward to it!
These videos are amazing. They're concise, no bs and just anything you need to know without any open endings. Keep it up dude!
You are lit bro, please continue this series.
Thanks!
Donate if you want more !
Man, you made me want to get back to assembly language. I fiddled around with GDT, IDT and LDTs back in the late 1980s right before the 386 made things so much easier. Looking forward to the next episode.
please dont give up on this series, its pretty interesting despite me understanding not even a quarter of it
Very interesting first two episodes; thanks for doing this! I noticed at about 23:49 you call clear_row(NUM_COLS - 1) and that should be clear_row(NUM_ROWS - 1) to clear out the bottom row of the screen as the last step of scrolling things up. Looking forward to Episode 3!
CodePulse Please continue this Series it is really good and my os is barely done i only have some text on the screen
I'm a beginner C++ programmer and while I don't understand most of what's going on I appreciate the content because that's not an easy thing to do, even so while explaining it in such a way that makes it sounds so easy. Thanks for sharing this.
Thank you. Yeah I always try make it feel easy even if it's not.
Just to add something, instead of
MOV EAX,0
use -
XOR EAX,EAX
as XOR is more efficient and fast. (instead of moving zero, we can xor any register from itself so get same result faster.)
At 21:55, in the *print_char* function,
if (col > NUM_COLS)
should be:
if (col >= NUM_COLS)
because the col number starts from 0 and so is already past the screen border at 80.
this is speechless.... after watching.... i think i know something about the thing I use everyday. **PLESE CONTINUE THIS SERIES**
Great work broi, waiting for next episode. Hope, one day you would add network socket, assign an ip, create a listener service, and serve some web pages as well. Keep it up.
This looks nice. I was writing (and want to still write) my own operating system and was looking forward to try x64 mode. Great video!
Being that you already have the print function for output, it's time to setup the input. Implement the command line and the first command, echo. You should then implement a file system and move accessing the command line input and echo output into a shell program. After that you'll need to setup output redirection for your shell program so that you can echo to/from a file/program. Then maybe you'll want to create an assembler :)
Enjoying this series, looking forward to more. Will check out your other videos too! o7
I like this idea as this could be like good old DOS just an extremely simple one. Perfect for makers/tinkers to create their own customized OS. Like for instance OS which only purpose is to use the serial port data like from a multimeter/oscilloscope etc.
I'll probably leave the shell to be a userspace program, and userspace can't be implemented until there is memory and process management, and drivers. I'm considering making some test code though that takes keyboard input in the next episode, but it won't be anything permanent.
WE NEED PART 3! YOU ARE AWESOME!
Ohh that's really cool! I experimented a few years ago with writing a little bootsector program and putting it on a disk, making the partition bootable and then booting from it. But this goes quite a bit further. Please continue the series! You could make a memory manager, preemptive scheduler, graphics driver, mouse and keyboard support, sound, etc..
I wish this video existed when I hang around custom kernel 2 years ago.
Maybe the next episode could be about setup the interruptions for keyboard input, I never managed to get this to work.
Awesome video and good quality content!!
I think I will do keyboard input in the next episode
I always wanted to see code down to the bare level, so nice!
Please continue this series! I want to know how to add user input via keyboard!
Why didn't I find this video sooner? This is by far the best step by step OS prototyping I have seen on youtube.. Cheers!
You've gained yourself a new sub, incredibly valuable content for building a fundamental understanding of how an os actually operates to the core or kern :)
For those who really like to know what you've seen here: Your PC or QEMU or Bochs or Virtual PC or VMWare or whatever emulator you use, are FIRST booting up into the GRUB rescue boot-loader; _not_ CodePulse's "os". To see some of the GRUB stuff, in the "grub.cfg" file change timeout to: "set timeout=20" (There are other tutorials which will show you how to boot directly into your own code; most using a floppy disk image!)
I have been trying to make my own os using just an assembler and a c compiler. Which is pretty hard. So glad software makes this easier.
Just stumbled across your channel this morning, this and the language series are EXACTLY what I've been wanting to do recently - incredible videos, thank you and very much looking forward to more!
Please make ep3
This series is so helpful
This is a great series. I would love to see this continue and see the creation of an OS with a scheduler etc.
I think it would be cool to write a simple text editor :D Something like 'ed'. Anything interactive that needs to be responsive seems tough. And you'd need a file system before a file editor. A super basic shell would also be rad. Oh man! This is so cool! How lucky I am to own a computer!!
I'm thinking of doing basic keyboard input in the next episode along with implementing memory allocation functions. With that I could create a simple text editor or something along those lines. But no saving of course for now since there's no file system.
@@CodePulse WAIT, are you doing more YAY, when is it coming
@@thatgurkangurk pretty soon I guess
@@whoami6107 has it been soon yet
@@CodePulse Yes.
Comeon its been ages since this episode. We want the 3rd part!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
totally thrilled to know that assembly is still alive
I've been wanting to tinker with OSes for a while now, and you just cut the cost of entry (time) down to a point where I'm going to actually give it a go.
Thank you very much, keep up the great work mate :)
Thank you! Best of luck!
When can we expect episode 3? This is really awesome!
Thanks! In a few months
PLEASE CONTINUE THIS SERIES IT IS AWESOME PLEASE DO! Also u got a new sub! :D
This tutorial is amazing! Everything is easily understandable. I wanted to create my own OS, but I couldn't find any good tutorials, so this is very helpful. I think that next episode could be about input.
Thank you!
This was a very interesting project, and I learned a lot by copying down the code and debugging the unavoidable errors I made. Especially, I learned a lot about assembly programming for the X86_64, and I did not know how to bring it up to long mode before this. Wery well done, and Thank You!
Patiently wating for next episode. Hope you make this series a little faster. I am so hooked into this.
Excellent video. I like the fast pace. There are already PLENTY of great programming videos out there that explain all the nitty gritty details of this stuff, so it's refreshing to just blast through the topic start to finish like you do. If I miss stuff I can always go back and revisit, but so far it feels like Neo learning Jujitsu, and I'm loving it. Thanks!
I was thinking, the second part will never come. Thanks for video 😁
No problem 👍
Would definitely be interested in more videos in this series. The next step seems obvious to me: you need I/O. Probably RS-232 serial would make the most sense.
After that, maybe hardware timers.
Please continue this series. They are very interesting
Eagerly awaiting the part 3! Thanks for these Amazing videos.
I saw some other youtuber make an OS that can only play Tetris.
Another cool set of videos never being finished
I would like to watch more of this. For example keyboard inputs and so on
It's so helpful but there's no EP3, so I'll have to continue on my own. Thanks for helping me code the basic stuff, cheers! +CodePulse👐
Please start assembly tutorials for beginners🙏🙏🙏
Good idea!
don't put one foot in this country... or you never come back... I falled in love with asm
U deserve much more! Please make new series!Also can you add Gui?
This series is focused on the kernel, so if I do get around to gui it would be very basic, and probably wouldn't happen until a much later point.
I'm feeling really good that I actually (at a very basic level) mostly understood what was going on lol.
Can’t wait to see the next episode!
I am totally amazed that how clearly you are giving these tutorials. New sub :D . Can you please guide me that which language should I learn first for this
idk if you're already working on the next episode but I think adding user input and basic commands would be the next logical step
This is the craziest youtube tutorial project i’ve seen! Good luck to you!! I won’t be following this, i’m quite happy in my comfy C#/C++ chair 😂
I think every low-level programmer should be able to read CPU datasheets and write machine code. This is a great introduction and a great compliment to ben eater’s more hardware-side endeavors.
This project is really cool, can't wait to see what's next
Honestly this is so cool. Please continue with this series!
Dude, this is amazing! Clear, concise and respects the viewer's time and intelligence. These videos are RARE! I was ready to binge through these, turns out there are only 2 episodes. :"(
These videos combined have more than 600k views, why did you stop? Clearly these are the gems of your channel.
Please can you continue this series... I am finding the knowledge to be very useful and valuable.
Really cool series. Never intended to write an operating system but now I wanna give it a shot.
Your knowledge has HUGE POTENTIALS to free people from the TECHNOCRACY and MEDIEVAL view over people.
I'll learn what you know to free people from COMMUNICATION SLAVERY!
Thank you dude ;)
Hi! you should consider putting the playlist link on all videos! Thank you very much for the contribution!
I will do that.
@3:55 underhanded way to set the colour byte. For what's next, you could do a simple cooperative thread switch. Or something I'd really want to see (since I have not done so), bring up another core.
Wow. Episode 1 just popped up in my recommendations. And I already like it as a CS student :) I never thought about how OS works under the hood. Even though it will take you a few months for the next episode, I'll be glad to wait :) Keep going!
We are still hoping this apprentice OS can be a yoda one day. Please continue, your stuff is amazing.
Code Pulse Do you have free time like someone comment why don't you help people having error in code like @TUTO - REAL and @Team Investigators pls help everybody out
Oh man I was loving this series. I know it's only a 2 month gap, but do you have any more episodes planned, or are you still curious what to do next? Personally I'd say anything with keyboard input, or File R/W.
I was waiting for this
The next episode should be about how to draw pixels on the screen.
I just can't wait for the next episode on the series... :)
Man .. I’m definitely subscribing.. the way you just explain it is mind blowing.. keep up the good work please
Boi if I wrote mine you could feel those Kernel Panics from the other side of the world
these 2 videos were way too cooler than i expected. hope you keep going with this series.
i guess as next steps you could show how to integrate keyboard (maybe mouse), write text editor, maybe embed a simple program compiler. this is how computers have evolved, but you will need to deal with modernities such as 64 asm and modern protections.
another idea is to port something like android with support for screen. obviously there is already thr gold fish, but maybe it can be interesting
very very nice video man!!!
Hope you continue the series! Well done
Hope there will be an episode 3 soon. Is the next step actual process scheduling and privilege separation or is that a jump too far? Episodes 1 and 2 were already packing quite a lot of information that I'll have to read upon separately. "Modern Operating Systems" by Andrew Tanenbaum?
Love this series
I'd like to suggest a couple of topics.
1) bootloader from scratch (although this might be a separate series)
2) adding a common driver ie usb io device (keyboard?) To the kernel
3) interfacing the kernel with partitions on the hdd
4) launcing binary executables using the custom kernel, ie pressing 'F' key will execute a simple helloworld.o binary, rather than printing the helloworld in the kernel code itself.
5) custom bios/uefi - also potentially a separate series
6) graphics ie display a logo
7) combine #2 (drivers) with #6 (graphics) - graphics using a video card
@CodePulse please continue this series
Please continue the series i litearlly learned a lot just from these series
Please please keep this series up. I don't want another half-made operating system on my computer 😂
I definitely will! But I haven't much spare time at the moment and I try to keep the quality high so it'll be a few months until the next episode
Please continue this series.
this is one of the youtube vids that you always like and wont skip a part of
nice job lad