I’m 59 and compete in national level figure (were like bodybuilders but smaller). I’ve been on testosterone over 10 years and it changed my life. I was hesitant…i believed in being a natural athlete…. But was suffering from chronic depression…. Testosterone gave me my life back.
Megan may I ask you where do you (your Dr) keep your total T at for optimization. On for ten years you have plenty of bio feedback. Very curious if you can share or reach out directly. Thank you
I feel like all of us 50 year plus olds from the 80s generation have now come of age and our moms just accepted “it was over “ and we aren’t accepting aging well so I’m so glad that a lot of the providers are educating themselves now that they are going thru this change! Love it!
Yassss. I’m 39, menopausal after a hysterectomy last year. My life and health was in the drain. My doctor could not figure out what it was. I finally went to a place that worked with women and men for hormone replacement and my bloodwork showed I was very deficient in all of my hormones. I started the pellets last week and can already tell a difference! I actually slept through the night recently!
I have my blood test from the past 4 years. My last period was at 55 yoa. I have been on full hrt since then. My testosterone naturally at age 54 was in the 150s I am a former pro figure competitor and have consistently worked out since I was 18. My last competition was as 56. I feel best with my testosterone not being less than 125. Also I’ve never done anabolic steroids or any hormones at all until I quit making them. My very lean 22 year young beautiful daughter who works out consistently also has higher than most testosterone levels. We have no negative sides associated with high testosterone. I’m a Chiropractor and Certified chiropractic nutritionist and work with patients everyday on metabolic health and I have the hormone conversion with all my patients! I will be sharing your video!!! I have have most my patients have a hormone panel along with expanded blood panel done. As it is difficult to get over inflammatory conditions without a proper diet and when they have nutritional and hormonal deficiencies.
I am convinced the commonly used reference range for testosterone in women is set far too low. Data was just gathered from a bunch of women without screening out those who were sick, on birth control or symptomatic of low testosterone. Athletes were probably not included.
Finally we are including conversation about testosterone being part of HRT! Thanks Dominique! To those that are using the cream, would you mind sharing the dosage that you’re currently on?
Talk about jaw dropping information. So many injustices towards women. Thank you so much for educating me.I am so grateful. Getting my ob/gyn to put my in HRT was like pulling teeth and I still feel horrible because she gave me the absolute lowest dosage she could give. I brought up testosterone therapy and she said absolutely not. So frustrating. I deserve to feel better. 🙏🏻💗
Ladies, beware of the pellets! I’m shocked they didn’t bring this up. I got them, and for me personally, the dose was way too high and I suffered terribly for many weeks because the pellets cannot be removed once they are inserted. If you’re using a cream and you find it’s too high of a dose you can back off the next day. But once those pellets are in your backside, they are a part of you until they are completely absorbed and you will be in complete misery during that time, if the dose is too high for you.
Same here...heart attack at 48 which threw me into menopause. It's the lack of energy that is so frustrating! I live on coffee and amino energy drinks. That's my o ly replacement therapy.😂
Very educational! I have learned something today. Thank you for this episode! Love that you are encouraging women to advocate for their health. We all deserve good health.
Many many thanks Dominique that you invited Susan and for all this amazing content and info! Thanful to both of you and also bravo for the precise and meaningful questions Dominique❣️
I too had NO testosterone when I was going through all of this. And it got me feeling great again and I don’t know how women live without it. I am VERY active and at that time I couldn’t hardly get out of bed. Thank you ladies for talking about this. God bless you both.
There are several gynecologists, some of whom have podcasts and are on TH-cam, that are adamantly against testosterone pellets because the absorption rates are unstable. I just heard a podcast of a gynecologist who said the pellet releases too much testosterone in the beginning and then lowers, but the release rates remain unstable throughout the duration of the pellet. From what they say there are no studies that show the release rate is stable.
Yes, I've seen those people too, and in fact that's not accurate. There have been a lot of studies done on pellet dose release, and the fact is that every form of administration has some up-and-down as I mentioned -and all of our life our hormones have been a little up-and-down ... that being said pellets are way more stable than the other options like creams or troches but yes, there's a bit of fluctuation for sure. The main problem is getting too much and I'm 100% in agreement with that.! so to be balanced, nothing is 100% stable, but pellets are more more stable than any of the other options -and having zero in my opinion is the worst of all options! In our office, we actually do check blood levels frequently and have a very good idea of what happens to a pellet overtime so drawing is important in my opinion
Dominique...I lost my Mom last week, she was my best friend (as was your Mom). The sadness is immeasurable. I just didn't expect this level of grief. How do you live with this pain?
I lost my mom 7 months ago. It's getting worse every day. I don't know when time will fade it. Till now, it's the contrary. I am a working mother, so I am always busy, I survive but I don't live.
My mom just passed away 3 months ago. I miss her terribly. I took care of her for the last 3 years before she died so we were together constantly. The only thing that gives me comfort is my faith. I believe we will be reunited again one day.🙏🙌💜
I’ve done Biote for past 5 years. I love the muscle tone and energy of the Testosterone, but I now know (thanks to this video) that I’m getting too much which explains why I can no longer hit my high notes (as a singer) and why I am getting dark hair on my face even though my hair has always been light. My hair is getting thin at the front too. My last test showed my testosterone was 188. Previously tests showed it’s been over 200. I will be lowering the dose when I go in next month for more pellets. Thank you for giving me a specific range to strive for where I feel well but don’t have the bad side effects! I soooo appreciate this discussion and hope our daughters benefit from it when they go through mid life.
@@dinanunez1610- side effects of too much testosterone-hair loss, pimples, facial hair, deeper voice, enlarged clitoris From what I understand…some of these side effects are not reversible
Starting @ 49:00-50:44. Very concerning that the doctor said what she said. I've taken HRT and the doctor I found, that was recommended from an HRT website, was horrible. I got off HRT after about 3 years of trying to adjust. It was a nightmare towards the end. Bottom line there are absolutely no good HRT doctors in the DFW(especially Fort Worth) area. *Edited to add that the pharmacy that made my Testosterone used a twist top dispenser to measure the cream I was to use on my skin. So many times the medicine would administer more or less than the last time I used it.
@@meredithlindley6882 No. I am very happy without HRT. Let's just chalk it up as an imprudent experiment. I'm focusing on my sons, grandsons, husband and worshiping Christ at Mass ... putting Him front and center in my life.
At 65, I have been on a low dose compounded testosterone as part of my BHRT for 10 years. It has worked great for me. I have to pay for it out of my own pocket, but it isn’t too expensive and definitely worth it.
I’m 42 and just started the same kind of testosterone. It’s really helping my energy levels and my chronic pain from autoimmune arthritis. I also take LDN and I think the combination of these two is what’s helped me most.
@@BA-tu5eb mine is a topical cream 30mg. I apply it 3-4 times a week using a click dispenser that equals .25ml or 7.5 mg per click. My doctor checks my lab levels every 6 months. I get mine compounded at Williamsburg Drug in VA. Hope this helps.
Love this podcast!!! I have been on estradiol and testosterone pellets for two years thanks to your show!! What a game changer it has been!! I wouldn’t be bearable without my HRT!! Thank you for putting this information out there! So important to gather info and make the decision that’s right for you!! The rest of the world is slowly catching up as far as HRT goes. We just have to keep searching for the solutions that are right for us!!
I’m just coming off my pellets after 10 yrs. My estrogen just kept rising and so much testosterone that my face has to be shaved daily and suffered from male pattern “thinness” because the doc didn’t keep a close watch on ky numbers and also started me way too high on testosterone. I felt great too for a while. No progesterone was ever discussed after my hysterectomy either. Just continue educating yourself. I loved the convenience.
Thank you this is fabulous! Could you possibly do an entire episode about progesterone too? Us ladies with no intact uterus/ovaries are confused if we should or shouldn’t be on progesterone.
Agree I no longer have uterus or ovaries and for 20 yrs was on estradiol patch only. I had endometriosis so couldn't be on any estrogen for almost a year after hysterectomy. In the end ended up with estrogen dominant BC and had a lumpectomy.
Thanks for covering this I've been lifting weights for a year and my muscle mass has been so slow I'm 54 my doctor recommend testosterone I was eerie about it
Love this podcast! Went through that with no support or doctors with this knowledge, thanks Dominique and btw, congratulations being the Jelly Bean Queen on Morning on Merit Street!
I had a very progressive doctor in my late 20’s, early thirties. I have been on estrogen and testosterone because of his wonderful training. Sadly, he moved back to Europe because of the LACK of progressive training and slowness of medicine in the U.S. I find a lot of doctors to be cowards.
I'm 68, never been on HRT and here where I live in South Eastern Pennsylvania, it's bio-identicals are sooooo darn expensive per month I just can't afford it. Of course insurance does not cover it so out of pocket is a little over $300 a month. Us retired senior citizens are screwed, we want to take bio-identicals but then get hammered by the cost so why bother even starting if we know we can't maintain the cost as we get older in the long run, so many women have said the same thing. HECK I'm a personal trainer for over 40 years who has lost strength, muscle mass and has a higher fat to muscle ratio than I evvver thought I'd have. Elasticity within the skin on my body is just awful. I am thankful for 40+ years in the gym or it would be worse. I'd love a STUDY on women my age using bio-identical , I'd volunteer as a subject for sure, lol. Thankfully I've used fabulous skincare over the years on my face and chest so no problem there, just the rest of me, hahahah. Oy!!! GREAT INFORMATION as always Dominique and Doctor Susan, thanks so much, appreciate this video.
I feel the same as you. I’m 65 and was on hrt pellets with testosterone and I felt great!!! No more aches and pains. But I had to stop because of the cost. It’s impossible to maintain. There’s no help from insurance company and it’s just not fair
Hi Dominique I adore your presence here online, as a 27 year old gal you are a true inspiration to me & your confident voice gives me a high bar to aim for, you're truly a star ! Would you consider hosting Alison Armstrong on your podcast? Id love to hear you two have a conversation about the differences between men & women. Thanks again much love 🫶
I’m 70 and last month had a week of bleeding so stopped HRT thinking that was it. Had ultrasound and doc said uterine lining very thin which is good thing - no biopsy needed, thinks it was from little blood vessels in lining bursting. But he didn’t like me being on HRT (been on about 10 years) and especially testosterone - says it’s unregulated and turns into estrogen. I think he’s just not up on research and I’m sticking to it.
I was on TH-cam and found your video, this was fantastic! I’m 62 and my doctor doesn’t agree with this . I’m praying I can find a doctor to help with this . Thank you so much for this information!
The problem isn't getting medical advice from TH-cam. It's getting medical advice from people on TH-cam who don't know what they're talking about so I assure you that I'm not one of those.! we'd love to see you in our office and really good idea to check the credentials of anybody that you listen to. I totally agree with that.
@@drsusanyou deleted my very lengthy comment correcting all your mistakes. You mixed up units repeatedly and your suggested estradiol levels at the lowest don’t even reach minimum levels to protect against osteoporosis. Sad you don’t take down the video because it confuses women when they get their blood test results and hear completely didn’t units by you.
Great information. I’ve been on trt for 5 years and I now know that my Dr. is keeping my dose too low. I will definitely try a higher dose to try and feel a little bit better.
I did HRT for a couple years before moving to AZ. I just had my first appt with a new MD (to me) who is a strong proponent of women's health, including HRT (she has conducted clinical research on HRT at NIH). I'm waiting for the results of my testing (saliva) now and will start once we know my levels. I can't wait! Her book is a treasure > 'The Gospel of Women's Health' / Kenna Stephenson, MD.
I hope I'm a candidate. My GYN made me get off of HRT.. bioidentical cream.. when I turned 60. My muscle mass and fat gain has made me miserable. Help! I'm a 68 year old very active female, widowed 2 years. Normal health. No history of cancer.
Hello Dominique🙋🏼♀️ VERY EYE OPENING INFO… I learn so much about this subject with your guest as it’s so needed especially during post menopause. I find as Dr Susan mentioned my Family Dr is very knowledgeable in many other areas and wonderful but he can’t elaborate in 15 minutes the necessary info pertaining to this issue. 🤔
Hi! Nice to see you two together again. I take a T injection once per week with a small painless insulin syringe. Curious why Dr. Susan didn't mention that method of digging T?
Hello ! Nothing terrible about it. In my opinion most of my patients don't want an injection every week and there is a lot of fluctuation up and down during the week but if it works for you, that's just fine.
I feel like one of the most important symptoms of low testosterone that I experienced personally was an inability to cope. I was very depressed and felt like I could not handle the simplest things. I had testosterone pellets and all of those symptoms went away. I started estrogen therapy a year later and I’m still doing that and I am now considering going back on testosteroneas well
Me too! Just got the pellet yesterday and I really hope to feel better. It’s been brutal for the last few years and I ended up having to take time off from work for months as I was totally wiped. I figure that if this works, it’s cheaper than having to be on unpaid leave from work. Not to mention the huge loss in quality of life. I got to the point I’d have to sleep the whole weekend just to be able to do a normal work week. I thought maybe it was just leftover stress from the pandemic but even after doing therapy, being out on estrogen and progesterone, feeling a little better but not enough to feel like myself again. I asked my doctor about testosterone but she said women didn’t need it. So found a doctor specializing in women’s health. I’m feeling hopeful that within a month or so I’ll begin to feel like myself again.
I dont take testosterone, but i do have the dark hair that I now have to shave....its shameful. Also my hair is getting thinner on top. What do i do about THAT?
It's easy to say, keep looking for the right provider and you might have to "kiss a few frogs" but when you're retired and on a fixed income, you can't just keep hopping from one doctor's office to another, forking out a specialist copay each time, until you find the "right one"! I wish one could find out where a doctor stands BEFORE having to pay for the visit!
Hello Dominique, yes you sure are flourishing and beautiful as ever. Hope you’re doing and feeling well and your husband is a very lucky man. I am over 50 and right there with you. I’m so glad you are doing well
Could you clarify if the number she is recommending like in the example of 50-100 for ideal, is that number before or after multiplied by 10? Thank you for these wonderfully informative podcasts! ❤❤
I love the pod cast, great info, but when comes to the compound cream for $50,60 a month the pellets is nothing less than $500, 700 and the price keeping getting up all the time and cannot even compare the access for most off us real women 😢
Hello again I’m so glad you know and have the same secret that everyone should know about. Getting pelleted is the best thing that I ever invested in. Stay flourishing
I dont live in the US any more but when I was there, I did HRT and it was the worst thing ever. Then I went to an endocrinologist and that was wonderful. Now I live in Morocco and I have access to estrogen and progesterone replacement and that’s working, however, they don’t believe in testosterone for women at all! Only a shot is available. And my doctor does not recommend it. She’s Irish thankfully but she said it’s strong and painful. She recommended Androgel, which I got in Europe. I don’t see any difference. Any suggestions on the gel? I also have covid at the moment so that’s not helping!
First time visiting this channel and I am delighted to have found it, especially this program, because I have all the symptoms mentioned and like many other women we are lacking health professionals to guide us. Soon I´ll be 69 years young and I have a question for the doctor: since my youth I had to deal with a straight line of coarse hair on my belly, and a little of those in the pubic area on my thighs, they disappeared after menopause, I have a few left on my chin, my doctors never gave me a strait answer. My question is, if I take testosterone, is there any chance they could come back? And the scariest thing is what about if maybe I will grow a beard. Thank you. Subscribed and shared.
I’ve been warned away from pellets because of the high dosage. I was taking a male testosterone, just a piece size amount which actually made me feel great then changed doctors now I’m on a compounded testosterone and still not feeling like I had before. I’m hoping to get that settled at some point thank you for the information.
Fantastic Dominique🎉. I have been on BHRT for sometime now. I use the pellet method. Agree that blood levels should be checked . I get mine tested every year. My testosterone and estrogen have been dialed down due to some side effects. I feel great now!
Muscles pain, back pain and crying spells i found Testosterone also helped with. Dr Louis Newson in UK is a great specialist with menopause. She has lots of influence and resurge about it and very well known doctor in the field.
I have been on HRT pellets for 3 years. My last testosterone was 311. I started growing facial hair that I have to shave every other day, thank God it's blonde, but it's annoying. My hair also started getting really thin on top and my hairline was receding. Obviously it's too high. I'm going to be bringing that up at my next pellet appointment or switching to creams and patches.
@drsusan what would be some good verbiage to tell my doctor when I go back about this I'm on the biote pellet. Would you still even put testosterone in my next pellet or would you just apply the lowest dose possible or not do any at all?
The problem with pellets is their testosterone happy generally. You need less testosterone. I’d recommend finding a telemedicine hormone specialist and you’ll probably pay the same as pellets because pellets are expensive. Defy, Elevate, etc are good providers. I hope your estradiol and progesterone are good levels too.
You two wonderful women continue to amaze me. I thank you for your generosity ❤ my question is: I had my ovaries out at 50. I crashed hard. Unless my estrogen is in the 300 (pellets & gel) I feel horrible. Do you think surgical meno changes a women’s needs? I tired staying around 150-200 but I was such a mess.
I’m 47 got on testosterone by identical cream and felt absolutely amazing for about three months and then suddenly I developed high SHBG and cannot seem to feel normal again because it’s binding all my hormones and all my testosterone so I have basically zero again!! what would you do? Doctor has no clue.
I’m in the information gathering phase now and so much uncertainty! I do know that I’m done with all of these menopausal symptoms. I am seeing a gynecologist that specializes in menopause tomorrow and have been to a FNP who only does the pellets. Not sure what’s the best option,
I been on hrt for 14 years and I’m 64 and I feel great . But my blood test showed high testosterone, my doctor said that it’s ok it’s because I’m on hrt ?
Brilliant conversation❤ In the UK and due for a HRT year review soon. I plan to discuss testosterone with the doctor (young lady doc) whom I think would be very open to this information🙂
This is more work then it needs to be and is frustrating, upsetting and over whelming. I had a complete radical hysterectomy and the ovaries removed so I would guess I have 0 testosterone which would be why, even with being on estrogen topically and vaginally, is why I still feel meh, and have almost less then zero libido. I have seen a NAMS trained practitioner when there was finally one who opened a clinic in 2020. At the present time there is only 1 in the whole of south eastern Saskatchewan Canada.
Another amazing show!!!My husband and I found it very informative.I took notes and can't wait to speak to my GP next month about my testosterone level at 56.
We don't need to know the baseline number. It's a reasonable assumption that we started somewhere in the "average " range - and if it's zero now, we've got nowhere to go but in a good direction! Just not too high . Remember hormones have fluctuated throughout our lives so we're not trying to hit a target number like a bull's-eye it's a general range.
It is not bad for your liver. It’s the only hormone that can and should be taken orally. I use it rectally only because it has better absorption and less side effects for some women.
I'm on BIOIDENTICAL HORMONE THERAPY COMPOUNDED AND THEY TRIED TO Put testosterone in my cream it was low dose and my face got red from I don't understand why.......Can someone explain why my face got red....my libido is so low it causes problems with my husband and I cuz he dont understand and I try to tell him but what can I say he's a guy I'm 51 and I'm postmenopausal
Could be many answers to this - no way to know, but I'd be delighted to meet you as a patient and go into some detail. Many people can have a sensitivity to the cream itself, not the hormone that the cream is in for example, so sometimes you have to play around with it, but pellets might be good for a person as if they're sensitive to things they go on their skin.
DIM is a plant extract called di indol methane and there is some limited evidence that it supports stable hormone levels so we do offer it to our patients but it's not 100% necessary nor is there much science supporting it -but it's certainly not harmful. It's a broccoli extract. I made a TH-cam video about that sometime ago. If you search you will find it.!
When I got my testosterone checked it was at the very bottom of ‘normal’. My doctor said, well your testosterone is normal so that’s good, argggg. I’m in Canada and it feels like there is no recourse as doctors are the gatekeepers of hormones
What about Free testosterone? Someone can have very high total T but with super low Free T which means she’s not receiving benefits. High SHBG will bind up your T and prevent your body from utilizing it.
I had a total hyst in my mid 30's due to severe endometriosis. I was put on estrogen only, was never quite right. In my 50's my doc took my estrogen away citing heart disease(which I didn't have) Now at 69 I have a belly, and flabby even though I eat clean and walk 3 mile daily and lift weights. My doc still refuses to give me anything. would it be harmful at my age to start again?
Just because something makes you feel good does not mean it is good for you. I am a physician (using my teenagers TH-cam account) I see T causing hair loss and facial hair and acne in women and cardiovascular events in men in my practice.
If it’s too high, it will have adverse effects. Otherwise it relieves brain fog in men and promotes bone health, muscle mass. In women it promotes bone health, muscle mass, hair growth, and improves mood.
We don't know ... what we don't know. Our doctosr rarely know or tell us what we need to know, which is the Truth , regarding women's hormones and menopause. We all so need wholistic functional MDs to educate us and truly want to help us during this struggling and difficult time. Thanks Dominique for you and your guests talking about this important part and time in our lives. 🌞😯
I certainly wouldn't worry, but my personal opinion is that I would drop that a little bit -that's higher than it's ever been in your life as a female. We're very unlikely to have significant side effects unless it's over 200 but as I mentioned, I prefer it to be under 100.
What about when you are 20 years post menopausal. I have read that cells in these women don’t have the receptors for the hormones. Thank you. Please don’t say women can’t get get bulky . That’s not true. Depending on your body type, you certainly can.
I’m 59 and compete in national level figure (were like bodybuilders but smaller). I’ve been on testosterone over 10 years and it changed my life. I was hesitant…i believed in being a natural athlete…. But was suffering from chronic depression…. Testosterone gave me my life back.
Megan may I ask you where do you (your Dr) keep your total T at for optimization. On for ten years you have plenty of bio feedback. Very curious if you can share or reach out directly. Thank you
I feel like all of us 50 year plus olds from the 80s generation have now come of age and our moms just accepted “it was over “ and we aren’t accepting aging well so I’m so glad that a lot of the providers are educating themselves now that they are going thru this change! Love it!
I think in many cases they were glad "it was over"!
Yassss. I’m 39, menopausal after a hysterectomy last year. My life and health was in the drain. My doctor could not figure out what it was. I finally went to a place that worked with women and men for hormone replacement and my bloodwork showed I was very deficient in all of my hormones. I started the pellets last week and can already tell a difference! I actually slept through the night recently!
I have my blood test from the past 4 years. My last period was at 55 yoa. I have been on full hrt since then.
My testosterone naturally at age 54 was in the 150s I am a former pro figure competitor and have consistently worked out since I was 18.
My last competition was as 56.
I feel best with my testosterone not being less than 125. Also I’ve never done anabolic steroids or any hormones at all until I quit making them. My very lean 22 year young beautiful daughter who works out consistently also has higher than most testosterone levels. We have no negative sides associated with high testosterone. I’m a Chiropractor and Certified chiropractic nutritionist and work with patients everyday on metabolic health and I have the hormone conversion with all my patients!
I will be sharing your video!!!
I have have most my patients have a hormone panel along with expanded blood panel done. As it is difficult to get over inflammatory conditions without a proper diet and when they have nutritional and hormonal deficiencies.
I am convinced the commonly used reference range for testosterone in women is set far too low. Data was just gathered from a bunch of women without screening out those who were sick, on birth control or symptomatic of low testosterone. Athletes were probably not included.
I am fitted and slim all my life, think my test level is naturally high too.
Finally we are including conversation about testosterone being part of HRT! Thanks Dominique!
To those that are using the cream, would you mind sharing the dosage that you’re currently on?
Talk about jaw dropping information. So many injustices towards women. Thank you so much for educating me.I am so grateful. Getting my ob/gyn to put my in HRT was like pulling teeth and I still feel horrible because she gave me the absolute lowest dosage she could give. I brought up testosterone therapy and she said absolutely not. So frustrating. I deserve to feel better. 🙏🏻💗
Definitely find a new doctor
Time for a new provider for hormones!!! 😁
Ladies, beware of the pellets! I’m shocked they didn’t bring this up. I got them, and for me personally, the dose was way too high and I suffered terribly for many weeks because the pellets cannot be removed once they are inserted. If you’re using a cream and you find it’s too high of a dose you can back off the next day. But once those pellets are in your backside, they are a part of you until they are completely absorbed and you will be in complete misery during that time, if the dose is too high for you.
Dr. Susan did bring this up. She mentioned Biote, as an example-- their dosing is way too high.
At 58, I’ve never been able to have HRT. I’ve learned so much from you ladies that had no clue about. Thank you for such great information.😊
Sometimes women have to go to a specialty HRTMD. You can find listings on the NAMS website. Google.
Same here...heart attack at 48 which threw me into menopause. It's the lack of energy that is so frustrating! I live on coffee and amino energy drinks. That's my o ly replacement therapy.😂
Have you ever talked about Uterine Prolapse! As a women with this problem if you haven't, can you talk about this. So many of us have this problem.
Seriously! Mine dropped in my early twenties. An elective and several spontaneous abortions certainly didn’t help.
@@juliecassidy7353ask God to forgive you, break the covenant you made with Molech and you will be healed.
Very educational! I have learned something today. Thank you for this episode! Love that you are encouraging women to advocate for their health. We all deserve good health.
wow I listened to it all and I truly appreciate the wealth of knowledge. I am 54 and exploring it all.
What an interesting and informative conversation !
Thank you !!!
Many many thanks Dominique that you invited Susan and for all this amazing content and info!
Thanful to both of you and also bravo for the precise and meaningful questions Dominique❣️
I too had NO testosterone when I was going through all of this. And it got me feeling great again and I don’t know how women live without it. I am VERY active and at that time I couldn’t hardly get out of bed. Thank you ladies for talking about this. God bless you both.
There are several gynecologists, some of whom have podcasts and are on TH-cam, that are adamantly against testosterone pellets because the absorption rates are unstable. I just heard a podcast of a gynecologist who said the pellet releases too much testosterone in the beginning and then lowers, but the release rates remain unstable throughout the duration of the pellet. From what they say there are no studies that show the release rate is stable.
Yes, I've seen those people too, and in fact that's not accurate. There have been a lot of studies done on pellet dose release, and the fact is that every form of administration has some up-and-down as I mentioned -and all of our life our hormones have been a little up-and-down ... that being said pellets are way more stable than the other options like creams or troches but yes, there's a bit of fluctuation for sure. The main problem is getting too much and I'm 100% in agreement with that.! so to be balanced, nothing is 100% stable, but pellets are more more stable than any of the other options -and having zero in my opinion is the worst of all options!
In our office, we actually do check blood levels frequently and have a very good idea of what happens to a pellet overtime so drawing is important in my opinion
Yes. I had to discontinue the pellets. Transdermal creams work great for me; stable.
That's why I take the compounded troches that dissolve right under the tongue. 2x a day keeps it balanced!
Dominique...I lost my Mom last week, she was my best friend (as was your Mom). The sadness is immeasurable. I just didn't expect this level of grief. How do you live with this pain?
Lost mine the last part of Jan so I sympathize
Lost mine seven years ago. The painful pain does get better. I still cry for my mom. Knowing I’ll see her again someday helps.
I lost my mom 7 months ago. It's getting worse every day. I don't know when time will fade it. Till now, it's the contrary. I am a working mother, so I am always busy, I survive but I don't live.
@@angelamouzaki9063 the first years the worst!
Sadness is replaced with happy memories. Someone said the deeper the love the harder we grieve!
My mom just passed away 3 months ago. I miss her terribly. I took care of her for the last 3 years before she died so we were together constantly. The only thing that gives me comfort is my faith. I believe we will be reunited again one day.🙏🙌💜
I’ve done Biote for past 5 years. I love the muscle tone and energy of the Testosterone, but I now know (thanks to this video) that I’m getting too much which explains why I can no longer hit my high notes (as a singer) and why I am getting dark hair on my face even though my hair has always been light. My hair is getting thin at the front too. My last test showed my testosterone was 188. Previously tests showed it’s been over 200. I will be lowering the dose when I go in next month for more pellets. Thank you for giving me a specific range to strive for where I feel well but don’t have the bad side effects! I soooo appreciate this discussion and hope our daughters benefit from it when they go through mid life.
Does the high testosterone give you side effects? I started biote 3 months ago. I was at 70 and received a 125 pellet on top of it.
Same here…188!. Going to ask for a lower dose of Testosterone next time.
@@dinanunez1610- side effects of too much testosterone-hair loss, pimples, facial hair, deeper voice, enlarged clitoris
From what I understand…some of these side effects are not reversible
Starting @ 49:00-50:44. Very concerning that the doctor said what she said. I've taken HRT and the doctor I found, that was recommended from an HRT website, was horrible. I got off HRT after about 3 years of trying to adjust. It was a nightmare towards the end. Bottom line there are absolutely no good HRT doctors in the DFW(especially Fort Worth) area. *Edited to add that the pharmacy that made my Testosterone used a twist top dispenser to measure the cream I was to use on my skin. So many times the medicine would administer more or less than the last time I used it.
Have you tried the Fem Centre?
@@meredithlindley6882 No. I am very happy without HRT. Let's just chalk it up as an imprudent experiment. I'm focusing on my sons, grandsons, husband and worshiping Christ at Mass ... putting Him front and center in my life.
At 65, I have been on a low dose compounded testosterone as part of my BHRT for 10 years. It has worked great for me. I have to pay for it out of my own pocket, but it isn’t too expensive and definitely worth it.
I’m 42 and just started the same kind of testosterone. It’s really helping my energy levels and my chronic pain from autoimmune arthritis. I also take LDN and I think the combination of these two is what’s helped me most.
Do you mind sharing your dose? I can't seem to get to a low enough dose to not end up with side effects with my hair. Thanks.
@@BA-tu5eb mine is a topical cream 30mg. I apply it 3-4 times a week using a click dispenser that equals .25ml or 7.5 mg per click. My doctor checks my lab levels every 6 months. I get mine compounded at Williamsburg Drug in VA. Hope this helps.
Excellent ❤
@@BA-tu5eb… Same. I was losing my hair because my dose of testosterone pellet put me at 348 on lab levels
Love this podcast!!! I have been on estradiol and testosterone pellets for two years thanks to your show!! What a game changer it has been!! I wouldn’t be bearable without my HRT!! Thank you for putting this information out there! So important to gather info and make the decision that’s right for you!! The rest of the world is slowly catching up as far as HRT goes. We just have to keep searching for the solutions that are right for us!!
I’m just coming off my pellets after 10 yrs. My estrogen just kept rising and so much testosterone that my face has to be shaved daily and suffered from male pattern “thinness” because the doc didn’t keep a close watch on ky numbers and also started me way too high on testosterone. I felt great too for a while. No progesterone was ever discussed after my hysterectomy either. Just continue educating yourself. I loved the convenience.
I'm in a small town where the doctors know NOTHING ! Thank goodness we have shows like this to help us understand!!
welcome to Germany 😎
Hey even the big cities are clueless...
Love seeing you again Dominique we sure miss seeing you on channel 2 news, but it looks like you are much happier here. Keep up the good work.
I love dr Susan she is the best. Thanks for the episode
Excellent interview / chat 👌 great topic & very insightful information 💖
THANK YOU Dominique your content is FABULOUS!
Thank you this is fabulous! Could you possibly do an entire episode about progesterone too? Us ladies with no intact uterus/ovaries are confused if we should or shouldn’t be on progesterone.
If you have a uterus and you take estrogen you MUST take progesterone at least for part of the month. If you do not you will raise your cancer risk.
Agree I no longer have uterus or ovaries and for 20 yrs was on estradiol patch only. I had endometriosis so couldn't be on any estrogen for almost a year after hysterectomy. In the end ended up with estrogen dominant BC and had a lumpectomy.
Thanks for covering this I've been lifting weights for a year and my muscle mass has been so slow I'm 54 my doctor recommend testosterone I was eerie about it
A really educational video! Thank you for choosing the right people to explain these things to us, women.
Thank you for sharing! I’m currently working with an independent doctor and will definitely ask about this topic.
Love this podcast! Went through that with no support or doctors with this knowledge, thanks Dominique and btw, congratulations being the Jelly Bean Queen on Morning on Merit Street!
I had a very progressive doctor in my late 20’s, early thirties. I have been on estrogen and testosterone because of his wonderful training.
Sadly, he moved back to Europe because of the LACK of progressive training and slowness of medicine in the U.S.
I find a lot of doctors to be cowards.
I'm 68, never been on HRT and here where I live in South Eastern Pennsylvania, it's bio-identicals are sooooo darn expensive per month I just can't afford it. Of course insurance does not cover it so out of pocket is a little over $300 a month. Us retired senior citizens are screwed, we want to take bio-identicals but then get hammered by the cost so why bother even starting if we know we can't maintain the cost as we get older in the long run, so many women have said the same thing. HECK I'm a personal trainer for over 40 years who has lost strength, muscle mass and has a higher fat to muscle ratio than I evvver thought I'd have. Elasticity within the skin on my body is just awful. I am thankful for 40+ years in the gym or it would be worse. I'd love a STUDY on women my age using bio-identical , I'd volunteer as a subject for sure, lol. Thankfully I've used fabulous skincare over the years on my face and chest so no problem there, just the rest of me, hahahah. Oy!!! GREAT INFORMATION as always Dominique and Doctor Susan, thanks so much, appreciate this video.
I feel the same as you. I’m 65 and was on hrt pellets with testosterone and I felt great!!! No more aches and pains. But I had to stop because of the cost. It’s impossible to maintain. There’s no help from insurance company and it’s just not fair
Prescription estragen and progesterone available with goodrx coupon for less than $40 a month in u.s.(not using insurance or prescription plan)
YES !!!@BA-tu5eb I use the goodrx coupon too !.
Anyone in the US can use it !
I used to get my bioidentical hormones from a pharmacy in Indiana $59 each. Westmoreland Pharmacy in Indiana.
@@BA-tu5eb Those aren't bio-identical though right?
Wow knocked it out of the park! Again! Great video! Thank you so much. ❤
Hi Dominique I adore your presence here online, as a 27 year old gal you are a true inspiration to me & your confident voice gives me a high bar to aim for, you're truly a star ! Would you consider hosting Alison Armstrong on your podcast? Id love to hear you two have a conversation about the differences between men & women. Thanks again much love 🫶
I’m 70 and last month had a week of bleeding so stopped HRT thinking that was it. Had ultrasound and doc said uterine lining very thin which is good thing - no biopsy needed, thinks it was from little blood vessels in lining bursting. But he didn’t like me being on HRT (been on about 10 years) and especially testosterone - says it’s unregulated and turns into estrogen. I think he’s just not up on research and I’m sticking to it.
Thank you for good information! I've chosen the HRT pellet and feel good! Best choice for me!😊
I was on TH-cam and found your video, this was fantastic! I’m 62 and my doctor doesn’t agree with this . I’m praying I can find a doctor to help with this . Thank you so much for this information!
I would be careful about getting medical advice from TH-cam.
The problem isn't getting medical advice from TH-cam. It's getting medical advice from people on TH-cam who don't know what they're talking about so I assure you that I'm not one of those.! we'd love to see you in our office and really good idea to check the credentials of anybody that you listen to. I totally agree with that.
@@drsusanyou deleted my very lengthy comment correcting all your mistakes. You mixed up units repeatedly and your suggested estradiol levels at the lowest don’t even reach minimum levels to protect against osteoporosis. Sad you don’t take down the video because it confuses women when they get their blood test results and hear completely didn’t units by you.
Can I just say Amen Amen !!! Thank you both for very good information. Very interesting and great advice.
Great information. I’ve been on trt for 5 years and I now know that my Dr. is keeping my dose too low. I will definitely try a higher dose to try and feel a little bit better.
I did HRT for a couple years before moving to AZ. I just had my first appt with a new MD (to me) who is a strong proponent of women's health, including HRT (she has conducted clinical research on HRT at NIH). I'm waiting for the results of my testing (saliva) now and will start once we know my levels. I can't wait! Her book is a treasure > 'The Gospel of Women's Health' / Kenna Stephenson, MD.
I hope I'm a candidate. My GYN made me get off of HRT.. bioidentical cream.. when I turned 60. My muscle mass and fat gain has made me miserable. Help! I'm a 68 year old very active female, widowed 2 years. Normal health. No history of cancer.
Find another GYN, why not get the medication that helped you! Good luck!
Sorry to hear this. Definitely find another doctor that knows more about HRT. New studies came out showing women over 65 can still take HRT safely.
our FDA (and all other gov departments) are an abject failure at doing the primary purpose WE fund them for
Thank you for this enlightening conversation & information! Xx 🎉🎉🎉
Loved this podcast ❤
Hello Dominique🙋🏼♀️ VERY EYE OPENING INFO… I learn so much about this subject with your guest as it’s so needed especially during post menopause. I find as Dr Susan mentioned my Family Dr is very knowledgeable in many other areas and wonderful but he can’t elaborate in 15 minutes the necessary info pertaining to this issue. 🤔
Looking forward to watching this!! (After work.)
Hope you enjoy! (after work 😊)
Hi! Nice to see you two together again. I take a T injection once per week with a small painless insulin syringe. Curious why Dr. Susan didn't mention that method of digging T?
Hello ! Nothing terrible about it. In my opinion most of my patients don't want an injection every week and there is a lot of fluctuation up and down during the week but if it works for you, that's just fine.
What is your dose? I got 25 cc’s and 65mgs
Thank you Dominique!!! I feel so much better knowing you're out there advocating for us women on this subject. Great interview! Susan is great. ❤
So thankful for this information. Thank you.
Hi doctor, how about side effects of testosterone affecting the heart?
So good, thank you!!!
I feel like one of the most important symptoms of low testosterone that I experienced personally was an inability to cope. I was very depressed and felt like I could not handle the simplest things. I had testosterone pellets and all of those symptoms went away. I started estrogen therapy a year later and I’m still doing that and I am now considering going back on testosteroneas well
Me too! The symptoms can be really rough
Me too! Just got the pellet yesterday and I really hope to feel better. It’s been brutal for the last few years and I ended up having to take time off from work for months as I was totally wiped. I figure that if this works, it’s cheaper than having to be on unpaid leave from work. Not to mention the huge loss in quality of life. I got to the point I’d have to sleep the whole weekend just to be able to do a normal work week. I thought maybe it was just leftover stress from the pandemic but even after doing therapy, being out on estrogen and progesterone, feeling a little better but not enough to feel like myself again. I asked my doctor about testosterone but she said women didn’t need it. So found a doctor specializing in women’s health. I’m feeling hopeful that within a month or so I’ll begin to feel like myself again.
Great info, Domonique did you shadow the tip of your nose it looks different :)
i take a compounded hormone nightly..it contains estrogen,testosterone,progesterone and dhea..if I did not take it i do not know where i would be
Thank You both!
Good info, but no mention of starting testosterone 10 yrs post menopausal. Do the benefits outweigh the risks or is it still just “trial and error”?
There's never been any risk associated with testosterone other than if the dose is too high unrelated to age
I dont take testosterone, but i do have the dark hair that I now have to shave....its shameful. Also my hair is getting thinner on top.
What do i do about THAT?
Susan, I shave everyday just to help my face look more radiant. Women with age, do get more chin hairs anyway. Don’t feel bad. It’s normal.
Low estradiol, low testosterone along with low ferritin are all possible causes of thinning hair.
It's easy to say, keep looking for the right provider and you might have to "kiss a few frogs" but when you're retired and on a fixed income, you can't just keep hopping from one doctor's office to another, forking out a specialist copay each time, until you find the "right one"! I wish one could find out where a doctor stands BEFORE having to pay for the visit!
Totally agree it's not easy. It's a very sad situation. That is so difficult and I'm so sorry that it is.!
Hello Dominique, yes you sure are flourishing and beautiful as ever. Hope you’re doing and feeling well and your husband is a very lucky man. I am over 50 and right there with you. I’m so glad you are doing well
Great information !!! Thank you
Could you clarify if the number she is recommending like in the example of 50-100 for ideal, is that number before or after multiplied by 10? Thank you for these wonderfully informative podcasts! ❤❤
I love the pod cast, great info, but when comes to the compound cream for $50,60 a month the pellets is nothing less than $500, 700 and the price keeping getting up all the time and cannot even compare the access for most off us real women 😢
Hello again I’m so glad you know and have the same secret that everyone should know about. Getting pelleted is the best thing that I ever invested in. Stay flourishing
I checked my progesterone and it is 0,5
I am 47, not in menopause yet
No symptoms
I dont live in the US any more but when I was there, I did HRT and it was the worst thing ever. Then I went to an endocrinologist and that was wonderful. Now I live in Morocco and I have access to estrogen and progesterone replacement and that’s working, however, they don’t believe in testosterone for women at all! Only a shot is available. And my doctor does not recommend it. She’s Irish thankfully but she said it’s strong and painful. She recommended Androgel, which I got in Europe. I don’t see any difference. Any suggestions on the gel? I also have covid at the moment so that’s not helping!
First time visiting this channel and I am delighted to have found it, especially this program, because I have all the symptoms mentioned and like many other women we are lacking health professionals to guide us. Soon I´ll be 69 years young and I have a question for the doctor: since my youth I had to deal with a straight line of coarse hair on my belly, and a little of those in the pubic area on my thighs, they disappeared after menopause, I have a few left on my chin, my doctors never gave me a strait answer. My question is, if I take testosterone, is there any chance they could come back? And the scariest thing is what about if maybe I will grow a beard. Thank you. Subscribed and shared.
The dosing is critical. Just make sure you don't get too much.!
I’ve been warned away from pellets because of the high dosage. I was taking a male testosterone, just a piece size amount which actually made me feel great then changed doctors now I’m on a compounded testosterone and still not feeling like I had before. I’m hoping to get that settled at some point thank you for the information.
Greetings from Greece!!
Your under eye area looks amazing!
Is it Sculptra or have you done anything else??
Please share!!!
She did! She did an episode on that.
@@nancycaron8227 Really??
Can you send me the link of the video??
Fantastic Dominique🎉. I have been on BHRT for sometime now. I use the pellet method. Agree that blood levels should be checked . I get mine tested every year. My testosterone and estrogen have been dialed down due to some side effects. I feel great now!
What kind of side effects please
@@angelinaesposito3058 breast tenderness, headaches
Muscles pain, back pain and crying spells i found Testosterone also helped with. Dr Louis Newson in UK is a great specialist with menopause. She has lots of influence and resurge about it and very well known doctor in the field.
I agree she is amazing
I have been on HRT pellets for 3 years. My last testosterone was 311. I started growing facial hair that I have to shave every other day, thank God it's blonde, but it's annoying. My hair also started getting really thin on top and my hairline was receding. Obviously it's too high. I'm going to be bringing that up at my next pellet appointment or switching to creams and patches.
Yikes. 😮
@drsusan what would be some good verbiage to tell my doctor when I go back about this I'm on the biote pellet. Would you still even put testosterone in my next pellet or would you just apply the lowest dose possible or not do any at all?
The problem with pellets is their testosterone happy generally. You need less testosterone. I’d recommend finding a telemedicine hormone specialist and you’ll probably pay the same as pellets because pellets are expensive. Defy, Elevate, etc are good providers. I hope your estradiol and progesterone are good levels too.
Superb, and I'm 77!
You two wonderful women continue to amaze me. I thank you for your generosity ❤ my question is: I had my ovaries out at 50. I crashed hard. Unless my estrogen is in the 300 (pellets & gel) I feel horrible. Do you think surgical meno changes a women’s needs? I tired staying around 150-200 but I was such a mess.
I’m 47 got on testosterone by identical cream and felt absolutely amazing for about three months and then suddenly I developed high SHBG and cannot seem to feel normal again because it’s binding all my hormones and all my testosterone so I have basically zero again!! what would you do? Doctor has no clue.
I’m in the information gathering phase now and so much uncertainty! I do know that I’m done with all of these menopausal symptoms. I am seeing a gynecologist that specializes in menopause tomorrow and have been to a FNP who only does the pellets. Not sure what’s the best option,
Be open about being inverted if you are so open and honest
I been on hrt for 14 years and I’m 64 and I feel great . But my blood test showed high testosterone, my doctor said that it’s ok it’s because I’m on hrt ?
Brilliant conversation❤ In the UK and due for a HRT year review soon. I plan to discuss testosterone with the doctor (young lady doc) whom I think would be very open to this information🙂
I'm also in the UK. Normal NHS GPS are dreadful on This subject X
This is more work then it needs to be and is frustrating, upsetting and over whelming. I had a complete radical hysterectomy and the ovaries removed so I would guess I have 0 testosterone which would be why, even with being on estrogen topically and vaginally, is why I still feel meh, and have almost less then zero libido. I have seen a NAMS trained practitioner when there was finally one who opened a clinic in 2020. At the present time there is only 1 in the whole of south eastern Saskatchewan Canada.
Another amazing show!!!My husband and I found it very informative.I took notes and can't wait to speak to my GP next month about my testosterone level at 56.
Your GP will likely be against it. Seek out a functional medicine professional (usually a nurse practitioner) who specializes in HRT.
Great video.
In order to replace we need to know what was there. How do you know the base line number for replacement?
We don't need to know the baseline number. It's a reasonable assumption that we started somewhere in the "average " range - and if it's zero now, we've got nowhere to go but in a good direction! Just not too high . Remember hormones have fluctuated throughout our lives so we're not trying to hit a target number like a bull's-eye it's a general range.
@@drsusan Thank you so much for clearing that up.
Great information! Need to get on testosterone which is the missing part for me.
Is a dutch test necessary ?
That's one way to test hormones in the urine, but you can get very accurate information and blood tests these days
Can a diet promote testosterone in a woman?
Unfortunately, not we wish it was. There are some supplements that can elevate testosterone a little little bit like DHEA but only a little bit.
Does anybody know if Prometrium is tough on liver as its being taken by mouth? Thank you !
It is not bad for your liver. It’s the only hormone that can and should be taken orally. I use it rectally only because it has better absorption and less side effects for some women.
@@lisao3041
Thanks Lisa!
I'm on BIOIDENTICAL HORMONE THERAPY COMPOUNDED AND THEY TRIED TO Put testosterone in my cream it was low dose and my face got red from I don't understand why.......Can someone explain why my face got red....my libido is so low it causes problems with my husband and I cuz he dont understand and I try to tell him but what can I say he's a guy I'm 51 and I'm postmenopausal
Could be many answers to this - no way to know, but I'd be delighted to meet you as a patient and go into some detail. Many people can have a sensitivity to the cream itself, not the hormone that the cream is in for example, so sometimes you have to play around with it, but pellets might be good for a person as if they're sensitive to things they go on their skin.
@@drsusan I'm in USA I live in ohio where do you live at
I took 25mg DHEA, increased it to 50mg, and had to decrease it because my testosterone rose to 400.
I had uterine cancer and have the BRCA gene. Dont believe i am a candidate
Do you have to take dim with Hrt ?
My wonderful doctor suggested taking Dim with HRT, I've been taking it for 15 yrs no problem.
DIM is a plant extract called di indol methane and there is some limited evidence that it supports stable hormone levels so we do offer it to our patients but it's not 100% necessary nor is there much science supporting it -but it's certainly not harmful. It's a broccoli extract. I made a TH-cam video about that sometime ago. If you search you will find it.!
When I got my testosterone checked it was at the very bottom of ‘normal’. My doctor said, well your testosterone is normal so that’s good, argggg. I’m in Canada and it feels like there is no recourse as doctors are the gatekeepers of hormones
What about Free testosterone? Someone can have very high total T but with super low Free T which means she’s not receiving benefits. High SHBG will bind up your T and prevent your body from utilizing it.
Can you explain more about this? What is Free T etc and how do you know what your free is VS numbers ?
I had a total hyst in my mid 30's due to severe endometriosis. I was put on estrogen only, was never quite right. In my 50's my doc took my estrogen away citing heart disease(which I didn't have) Now at 69 I have a belly, and flabby even though I eat clean and walk 3 mile daily and lift weights. My doc still refuses to give me anything. would it be harmful at my age to start again?
This is a very personalized conversation based on all of your personal health history would be delighted to see you in Houston or remotely to discuss
Just because something makes you feel good does not mean it is good for you. I am a physician (using my teenagers TH-cam account) I see T causing hair loss and facial hair and acne in women and cardiovascular events in men in my practice.
If it’s too high, it will have adverse effects. Otherwise it relieves brain fog in men and promotes bone health, muscle mass.
In women it promotes bone health, muscle mass, hair growth, and improves mood.
I am on estrogen and estrogen but I’m not sure where to get testosterone
In my area, a lot of the Medi spas will have a doctor that does it. That’s where I go to get my testosterone pellet.
We don't know ... what we don't know. Our doctosr rarely know or tell us what we need to know, which is the Truth , regarding women's hormones and menopause. We all so need wholistic functional MDs to educate us and truly want to help us during this struggling and difficult time. Thanks Dominique for you and your guests talking about this important part and time in our lives. 🌞😯
I’m on HRT for 14 years now, I’m 64 feel great , my testosterone blood test showed 140 H , should I be worried?
I certainly wouldn't worry, but my personal opinion is that I would drop that a little bit -that's higher than it's ever been in your life as a female. We're very unlikely to have significant side effects unless it's over 200 but as I mentioned, I prefer it to be under 100.
@@drsusan thank you so much 🙏❤️
I have to much testosterone! I’m losing my hair I’m on medicine to lower it. Still to high!!! Ugh!
If you increase oestrogen and progesterone does this lower testosterone? X
@@Bexiboo.I wish they would answer the questions here. All of them . I mean that should be a part of the service here since we subscribe to them
These are all fine points. However pellet dosing is dangerous.
That red on you is 🔥!!
What about when you are 20 years post menopausal. I have read that cells in these women don’t have the receptors for the hormones.
Thank you.
Please don’t say women can’t get get bulky . That’s not true. Depending on your body type, you certainly can.