10:43 note that most (75-80%) of the recoil actually comes from the remaining surface tension, not the membrane. Great info, surprised to learn about all the negative effects of smoke on the lungs, given that we evolved around smoke/cooking. Not only damaging alveoli via the exploding macrophages: smoke reduces surfectant production, and also reduces the actual effectiveness of the remaining surfectant. Acute influence of cigarette smoke on secretion of pulmonary surfactant in rat alveolar type II cells in culture, 1996 The effect of smoke inhalation on pulmonary surfactant. 1980 Otoh, more recent research seems to be more ambivalent about the surfectant degrading quality of smoke. In particular, sulphur dioxide released from wood or tobacco burning is known to reduce water surface tension. So it probably has a similar effect on the lungs, at least that part of the smoke. Which would explain part of the addictiveness: on the one hand smoking reduces surfectant production, making it harder to breathe because of excessive force against inhalation, but then a hit of SO2 from a smoke would reduce that tension again. Makes sense to me from my dabbling in smoking, just guessing though.
Thank you for your videos! I started to think I wasn't smart enough to venture into a carer in medicine. I was close to leaving uni but your videos have helped me out alot! It has all started to come together.
Very very nice teaching techniques....not everybody is good at.... There are lots of medicos who are related to teaching but not all are good at even explaining simple things.... Very much apreciating...
THANK YOU SIR . nice microscopic explanation . i have still doubt how the rbc carries O2 and transfers, likewise Co2 which .between the respiratory membrane how the exchange occurs .and you said by diffusion gradient o 2 and co 2 is transferred.but not clear to me .for example the atmospheric o2 is higher than o2 in water why diffusion is not occurring.and in Pneumocytes its occurs easily
Thanks again Dr Campbell! ...I have a question O2 and CO2 exist is a relatively small percentage. Why don't we have a gaseous exchange with other elements, such as Nitrogen?....which is about 78% of the air we breathe. Is there any kind of filter inside the alveoli?
There is gaseous exchange with all of the gases including nitrogen. However, as it is insert, it reached equilibrium. However, if pressures change as in deep sea diving, it will come out of solution and cause the "bends' which is decompression sickness.
RE: Respiratory membrane physical expansion as relief for CoVid-19: As a former asthma sufferer; I had an experience with smoking pot that surprised me, because generally smoke and asthma don't mix well. The vascular diluting effect of something in pot (the reason your eyes get bloodshot) actually helped me breath better (I think) during an asthma attack. I was about 18 at the time, some 45 years ago! Maybe someone can extrapolate a relief for CoVid-19 lung debilitation effect from this information. e.g. can oxygenation be improved via dilation of the lungs alveoli; or, can the vascular dilution effect of some chemical in pot smoke affect the respiratory membrane so as to improve the gas exchange when CoVid-19 has attacked the lungs?
I am sorry Dr Campbell but this physiology is all wrong the Pulmonary Surfactants are the direct organelles of gas exchange. There is no diffusion as such across the alveoli. The surfactants have Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic proteins as such they change shape on inspiration and expiration. In effect they act like ultra microscopic valves and allow soluble gas in on inspiration which of course should be air. But it is not molecular but rather nanobubbles of air N2/O2. Expiration gives an excess of CO2/H20 expired some of this actually forms an nanobubble foam which acts as an immune shield in the ESL and glycocalyx. Ref work of Prof Barry Ninham and Prof Brandon Reines. Hence NO DIFFUSION through alveolar membrane.
10:43 note that most (75-80%) of the recoil actually comes from the remaining surface tension, not the membrane.
Great info, surprised to learn about all the negative effects of smoke on the lungs, given that we evolved around smoke/cooking. Not only damaging alveoli via the exploding macrophages: smoke reduces surfectant production, and also reduces the actual effectiveness of the remaining surfectant.
Acute influence of cigarette smoke on secretion of pulmonary surfactant in rat alveolar type II cells in culture, 1996
The effect of smoke inhalation on pulmonary surfactant. 1980
Otoh, more recent research seems to be more ambivalent about the surfectant degrading quality of smoke. In particular, sulphur dioxide released from wood or tobacco burning is known to reduce water surface tension. So it probably has a similar effect on the lungs, at least that part of the smoke. Which would explain part of the addictiveness: on the one hand smoking reduces surfectant production, making it harder to breathe because of excessive force against inhalation, but then a hit of SO2 from a smoke would reduce that tension again. Makes sense to me from my dabbling in smoking, just guessing though.
Thank you for your videos! I started to think I wasn't smart enough to venture into a carer in medicine. I was close to leaving uni but your videos have helped me out alot! It has all started to come together.
Very very nice teaching techniques....not everybody is good at....
There are lots of medicos who are related to teaching but not all are good at even explaining simple things....
Very much apreciating...
So much amaze on how you simplify the explanation. You are gifted. Thank you Dr. God bless you
You’re such a great teacher, your knowledge is treasure thanks gor sharing it❤️
Simply amazing... a knack for making things understandable and a joy to learn.
What an amazing explanation!! thank you so much Dr!!
Thanks dr john Campbell sir for explaining this difficult topic in such easy manner good wishes 17/05/2021
Ur lectures are wonderful sir thank u so much
Thanks very much Dr, your teachings are clearly understandable. I will be glad if you can lecture us on stroke and renal colic. 🙏
This great explanation makes me love the amazing human body even more
Thank you DR! The videos are amazing and so helpful !
Thank you for the video! Is fantastic!
Thanks doctor ..excellent🙂
THANK YOU SIR . nice microscopic explanation . i have still doubt how the rbc carries O2 and transfers, likewise Co2 which .between the respiratory membrane how the exchange occurs .and you said by diffusion gradient o 2 and co 2 is transferred.but not clear to me .for example the atmospheric o2 is higher than o2 in water why diffusion is not occurring.and in Pneumocytes its occurs easily
Dr John, love your content! Can you please explain how an airborne virus (such as coronavirus) can pass into the blood stream through the alveoli?
thank you sir your my hero
Thank u very much i learn alot from you thank u again
This is very helpful, i can't thank you enough 💚💚
One gets almost dizzy thinking of all the body 'does' on a daily basis and what a super machine it really is...
God made all this. Nothing or one would have figure out something so super how it does it all work.
Thanks again Dr Campbell! ...I have a question
O2 and CO2 exist is a relatively small percentage. Why don't we have a gaseous exchange with other elements, such as Nitrogen?....which is about 78% of the air we breathe. Is there any kind of filter inside the alveoli?
There is gaseous exchange with all of the gases including nitrogen. However, as it is insert, it reached equilibrium. However, if pressures change as in deep sea diving, it will come out of solution and cause the "bends' which is decompression sickness.
I love it.
RE: Respiratory membrane physical expansion as relief for CoVid-19: As a former asthma sufferer; I had an experience with smoking pot that surprised me, because generally smoke and asthma don't mix well. The vascular diluting effect of something in pot (the reason your eyes get bloodshot) actually helped me breath better (I think) during an asthma attack. I was about 18 at the time, some 45 years ago! Maybe someone can extrapolate a relief for CoVid-19 lung debilitation effect from this information. e.g. can oxygenation be improved via dilation of the lungs alveoli; or, can the vascular dilution effect of some chemical in pot smoke affect the respiratory membrane so as to improve the gas exchange when CoVid-19 has attacked the lungs?
❤ Thank you
Thanks u are perfect
this is cool!
I am sorry Dr Campbell but this physiology is all wrong the Pulmonary Surfactants are the direct organelles of gas exchange. There is no diffusion as such across the alveoli. The surfactants have Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic proteins as such they change shape on inspiration and expiration. In effect they act like ultra microscopic valves and allow soluble gas in on inspiration which of course should be air. But it is not molecular but rather nanobubbles of air N2/O2. Expiration gives an excess of CO2/H20 expired some of this actually forms an nanobubble foam which acts as an immune shield in the ESL and glycocalyx. Ref work of Prof Barry Ninham and Prof Brandon Reines. Hence NO DIFFUSION through alveolar membrane.
I didn’t undrstn this consept
do you now?