Why Some INTERVALS Are Major Or Minor While Others Are Perfect?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 29 ก.ย. 2024
- Why are some intervals called major or minor, while others are called perfect, augmented, or diminished? Keep watching to find out!
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Academically interesting Tommaso, you've really researched this one!
Xenharmonic devil on your shoulder: you know, if you just add a few more notes, you can have major/minor/perfect EVERYTHING...
"But they were, all of them, deceived, for another third was made. In the land of Mordor, in the fires of Mount Doom, the Dark Lord Sauron forged in secret a Perfect Third, to control all others. And into this interval he poured his cruelty, his malice and his will to dominate all life."
As I mentioned, there are augmented octaves in some of Bela Bartok's pieces. And the augmented 2nd shows up in the Harmonic Minor scale.
Hi, thanks for this very informative lesson. I have a question- can you determine the quality of an interval regardless of context, say in a major scale? for example, will the distance between C to D always be a 'Major'? Is the quality determined purely based on the semitones (or tones) between notes? And, if that is so, then we'll have to memorize the distance between notes in terms of semitones?
"Is the quality determined purely based on the semitones (or tones) between notes?": YES
"And, if that is so, then we'll have to memorize the distance between notes in terms of semitones?": YES
Interesting! I had always assumed the 4th and 5th were perfect because they are so close (in 12-TET) to a 3:2 ratio…. Where as the major and minor intervals are much “less good” approximations (in 12-TET) of their harmonic counterpoints…
The names were used before equal temperament tuning was a thing.
@@nstrug Indeed people's ears & minds so much better than machines & programs that are programed to make the machines do what they can't ever do >>> be human...
It's like autotune... just play some Karen Carpenter Songs & you will break any auto tuner that involves AI
Can't wait for the revolution against the AI machines that enslave humanity... and they haven't even taken all of our jobs... yet!
@@nstrugDo you have an example?
@@b10w33vl Rameau refers to in Traité de l’harmonie and I can’t imagine he was the first.
@@nstrugInteresting, thanks for the quick answer!
Wow. Completely fascinating and so incredibly well explained. Thanks!
Thanks for sharing. Another very interesting video. It is so nice to look at music from a different point of view and this has solidified my understanding.
But in my country we have 4th perfect and 4th raised and 4th decreased and same with 5th
Great Video.
This confused me for years. I'll have to watch this again. Are you going to make a 'Part 2' for this showing the chords that are made from these intervals and any differences between the modern era and the Baroque?
I may already have done it! Watch this playlist, and let me know if you have questions: th-cam.com/video/WSB3iIkDy7o/w-d-xo.html&pp=gAQBiAQB
Thanks I love that background historic information.
Absolutely amazing
Great video. Very interesting!
0:35 And an augmented octave! (I found one in a Bartok piece.)
3:06 Also, the Phrygian and Locrian modes have a minor 2.
6:33 Also slowed down because there was no Internet. (Perish the thought! 8-) )
7:37 I wonder ... If the octave had been divided into 13 steps, would the major/minor 4th/5th terminology survived? (Of course, that would mess up consonance and dissonance, because a perfect ("major") 5th wouldn't sound right.) And did Baroque musicians not bother altering the octave?
10:17 One thing that should be changed is that the tonic should be the 0th degree, the next note the 1st degree, etc. That way we won't say silly things like "a third plus a third is a fifth", or 3+3=5. Instead, we'd have "a second plus a second is a fourth" or 2+2=4.
10:45 Bonus question: Did viewing 4ths and 5ths as major and minor have an effect on the music theory of Baroque music? And how did this show up in compositions?
Hi Tommaso, really thank you!! it was a question I had in the background of the brain, fearing that it would probably remain unanswered!!
And here comes another one:
"Why is that in both major and minor scale, the 2nd is major?"
I think this is explained far easier like this: If one looks at the cycle of Fourths and Fifths, laid out as the Circle of Fourths and Fifths, Then working from "C' as the root, (at 12 o clock) any Major interval travels clockwise from the root, and any Minor interval travels anti clockwise (counterclockwise). So, "F" (located at 11 o'clock) , is the fourth of "C" and is a Minor interval and therefore one is traveling anti clockwise, one place from C. On the other hand, the note "G" (located at 1 o'clock) is the Fifth of "C" and is located one place clockwise of C, (C being located at 12 o'clock). This predates music theory books as this is from Pythagoras and predates the roman empire. So, why perfect fourth and fifth I hear you ask??? Well if one plays C as the root, and C an octave above, then, in between these two notes is both F and G. From C to F is a fourth interval. Now from the note F to the C (octave) is a fifth interval. Similarly, C root to G is a fifth, and G to C (octave) is a fourth. These intervals were said to be perfect because in the olden times, all music was played using either a root 5 (C and G) , which is a powerchord. Alternatively, using G to C (octave), which is a stacked fourth and although C is not the lowest note, C still owns the G note. So, with the notes C, F, and G, one can see that G has a fourth (C), however, it has no fifth (D). F is the b7 of G, and therefore G is the major 2rd of F. Neither F, or G are perfect in the same way that C is. Although, all the intervals add up to nine. If one wishes the study the Universe, then one will discover the magnificence of The Three (3), The six (6) and the Nine (9) ~Tesla~ The word "Music" comes from two words 'Muse" and Magic" and it's far greater than most musicians can imagine!!! 2 years ago I made a video of The Rule of Nine. th-cam.com/video/Z3nb_WKIyBs/w-d-xo.html I'm a student of yours Tomazillo. I ordered your Master of the Modes course several years ago...keep up the good work!!! #MusicTheoryForGuitar.
consonance - most rational ratios like 2:3, 3:4 (p5th, p4th)
minor 2nd (a half step) and tritone (between 4th and 5th) are as dissonant as they come (the most irrational ratios)
And then equal temperament entered the picture and changed these ratios slightly. 8-)
La Monte Young wrote several piano pieces in well-tempering.
0:09 You are aware that synonyms for "perfect fourth" and "perfect fifth" are "minor fourth" and "major fifth" ... right?
You've seen the rest of the video... right? ;-)
@@MusicTheoryForGuitar I'm beginning to do so ... just curious on when I shall or shall not add that "minor 4" is the natural state of a fourth and "major fifth" the natural state of a fifth and that in Pythagorean theory all major intervals are derived by going fifths up (and sometimes fourths down), and all the minor ones by going fourths up (and sometimes fifths down) (when the intervals are going up, of course) ...
Equivalently, all major intervals are "clockwise" on the circle of fifths, and all minors are "counterclockwise", which is also ultimately why Negative Harmony works (at least vertically). I haven't made that point explicit in this video, I was planning to dedicate another video to that.
Wonderful, Tommaso!
Hope I don't miss that one!