The Umayyad Emirate of Cordoba (Part 03) | 852CE - 912CE
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 ก.ค. 2019
- Additional Facts:
1) Musa ibn Musa ibn Qasi - He was the head of the Banu Qasi, a famed Muwallad family that ruled over the Ebro Valley. More on him later in the video.
2) The three frontiers of the Emirate were called Marches. The Ebro valley in the north (called so because of the Ebro River) was called Upper March and was under the control of Berbers and local Iberian dynasties such as the Banu Qasi.
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Disclaimer: The maps and flags in the video are not 100% accurate. Some maps and flags are difficult to find and so, are estimations.
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/ almuqaddimah
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#UmayyadEmirate #AlAndalus
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Great video as always Al-Muqadimmah!I personally think it's a shame that Islamic history like Al-Andalus isn't taught as much as other parts of Islamic history but simply focus on the Jahiliyyah-Birth of Islam-Rashidun-Umayyad-Abbasid-Ottoman narrative of Islamic hiatory history
They teach about Al Andalus in Iraq but the way they write it makes it very confusing and boring
Yeah not fair for the most powerful european state in in the middle ages
@Danuta Grakowski The Emirate of Cordoba was literally a state that operated entirely within Europe...
Will ya do the fatimids after this?
Why cant the Ummayids just learn from their mistakes and Stop being racist for once ...seriously
Ikr! Like, dude, racism has destroyed you before, stop that crap already.
As far as I'm aware, this was due to the belief that the Arabics are the superior people as that would mean they're the descendants of the chosen people after the pervasion of Islam especially when compared to the darker skinned which may signify they aren't of Abrahmaic descent
I was about to say that but then wondered...what about the Arab-Persian-Turkic strife in the east?
Total War Timelapses; could you explain?
@@Ferroes
He mentioned in the video that in the Abbasid realm there were tensions between Arabs and Persians too
i dont get the high quality to subscriber ratio, your videos have alot of hardwork.keep it up.
Spanish New Converters: Now that we are Muslims we are equals just like the prophet "peace be upon him" said, right?
Ummayds: Well yes, but actually No
Great vid, love the unbiased tones in it
I had no idea that Berber Arab tensions continued into the Corduba emirate era, nor did I know they were this high to the point of massacres
Oh man it’d be so cool to see a series on the fatimids, Qarmatians, or the Berber empires of North Africa.
absolutely amazing overview of this obscure time in Spanish and the vestigial Omayyad history, thank you so much!
Loving these Al-Andalus videos! Keep them up!
been waiting for this :D
Great content _as always_
Well done! Keep them coming!
rising history channel. best of luck for your future
Another great video
Obrigado pelo upload!! 🤟
Excellent work!
Great video as always. Any chance you could also do a video/series on Salahuddin and the crusades sometime?
Your videos and narrating is awesome and very entertaining. The memes and gifs were not utilized optimally in the video though.
Bro really your sound has magic i lost when i saw your videos
Damn physics! :D I am so glad I found this channel a few weeks ago!
Physics always ruins things.
It seems as if every time an Umayyad is named Abdulrahman things are about to get interesting
Nice intro man!
okayyyyy binging this series
Hey al muqqiidamah sorry if I spelled your name wrong. Nice awesome video keep up the amazing work I just want to ask can the next video be on the Ottoman Empire and can you talk about the third and fourth sultans of the Ottoman Empire Murad I and Bayezid I please al muqqidamh anyways again nice awesome video have an amazing day peace.
You seem very knowledgeable, a video on the Mughals would be great, there’s hardly any videos on them
Brother can you do one on the assassins at the time of the crusaders because I normally play a game called assassins creed and I wanna see how this secret order evolved during that time please👍
Is there a netflix series set in this time and date???? Could be amazing
Thnx man 👌
Sehr interessant ❤️👌🏻
Gracias!
3:52 - Look out! He's got a gun!
That's what happens when you're losing on Age of Empires and start cheating.
Im very fascinated by the Normans and also Al-Andalus/Iberia, I cant stop watching and reading about it.
Brother mashaAllah. From witch book is this information. I whant to leran More...
8:23 where can i get this lanister playbook.
Coming soon to DFTBA.com
Were these towns that you mention like Badajoz, Seville, and Zaragoza still pronounced the same way as they are today?
No, the map shows both its arab and current name.
when will the next video on Abdur rahman 3 come
8:10 Background music plzz ??
"Various members of the Umayyad dynasty, like the Emir's uncle, Hisham ibn Abd al-Rahman, led small bands of loyalists to fight off their enemies." In this statement, you regard the Emir's Uncle as Hisham ibn Abd al-Rehman, (It make me complicated). Hisham ibn Abd al-Rehman is the son of Abdul Rehman(1) you mentioned in the previous episode. So that, Hisham ibn Abd al-Rehman could not be his Uncle, he must be his great grandfather of the Emir. (Could you please clarify the actual facts?)
So basically if they didn't fight amongst each other they'd still be there
If goths wouldn’t had fought each other, probably no alAndalus had existed.
He should do the rashedun caliphate
Why’d you blur his face at 7:40? Islamic rule I’m unaware of?
I am waiting for your answer tell us which country do you belong in start of next video
It’s so weird hearing someone with an Arab accent saying Spanish names. For the time period it makes sense but still I’m not use to hearing it.
Well my friend it was actually people with Spanish accents saying Arabic names, and that how you got the modern names of most Spanish and Portuguese cities.
@@ahmedsalek976 true, but I’m not accustomed to it.
The Pineapple is hard to find. Anyone found it yet ???
SHZ 0:19
by the way ummayads photo is cool
Lannister playbook haha
hello good job btw ... but i think your understanding of the word mawali is not accurate ... its true means a friend like u said but they were not arabs ..check the umaid dynasty they had a similar thing between the mwali and the arabs ..
Mawla in arabic has like 100 meanings.
Allah is our mawla.
A slave is mawla.
The master of the slave is mawla.
Afriend is mawla.
An allied tribe is mawla.
A lord is mawla.
In andalus however it meant syrians and yemenis.
Lesson of the day, don't discriminate and persecute the majority of people or you'll end up with anarchy or a revolution
Also "because....physics" lol religious fanatic DESTROYED with FACTS and LOGIC....and walls
The correct term is "religious deviant"
the Berbers were first ruled by the Phoenicians and their successors being Mauritania, Numidia, and the most famous of them, Carthage before being ruled by the Romans, the Vandals, Byzantines and the Caliphate. when the Caliphate fractured, the Berbers formed their own states leading up to the European colonization with France taking most of them.
Sub count is slow:!
pardon me but it sounds like you have a blocked nose or a cold in this video... XD
It's bad editing. A rare disorder that plagues many new TH-camrs.
@@AlMuqaddimahYT well any way thanks for the video's, they're very good
Ancapistan
Lisbon is Leshbunah NOT Al-Lixbuna
That is what the X was supposed to sound like. Lishbuna.
@@AlMuqaddimahYT OK you got me, but still, "Al" is not applicable.
متأكد مليون بالميه
I still didn't understand how can the Muslim andalusian gone.
by forced inquisition dude
It wasn't on solid ground, in my opinion. It wasn't going to stay.
@@AlMuqaddimahYT it is cruel that Muslim andalusian lost their identity.
@@AlMuqaddimahYT It was the most powerful state of the continent, most of it's population was muslim, the ground was solid.
The problem was the weak political system, the recurrent succession crisis and alligeance to cities rather than to the state.
If the Andalusian had developped a strong "national" identity (something that France managed to do during the 100 years war), Al andalus might have survived.
@@naelaoun3311 exactly. Of all the success of the Arabs, they fail miserably when it comes to political succession. We see that till this day, Arabs have no figured out a way out of politics crisis
Love from pakistan which country you belong
He is from Pakistan
What an absolute disaster this era of Al-Andalus was
You got this completely wrong 2:13 to 2:30, it is the other way around Jizya is less than Zakah, which means more Muslims more taxes for the Umayyad Caliphate.
I would like you to read about the difference between Jizya & Zakah,
As far as I know, Jizya paid by non-Muslims males who can afford to pay it (not the women, not the old and not the kids ...etc) basically, it is paid by the men who can fight and can afford to pay it. the value was not fixed but historically (as far as I know) Jizya was always less than Zakah.
While Zakah must be paid by all Muslims who can afford it, (men, women, old men), the value of Zakah is 2.5% yearly (it has more complicated rules like if you have grains or sheeps or whatever you have to give zakah for all these things too, but for the sake of argument I'm talking about only money).
He will not respond to this question.
theres differences of how many percentage of zakat or jizya should be payed among sect and school of jurisprudence within islam, theoritically on paper it may sounds good but in practices these dynasties can tax their subjects very differently from what you have believe.
one of the reasons why umayyads got overthown by the abbasids was because they implemented racist tax to non arab, even if they're muslim to cover up and possibly slowdown mass convertion to islam by conquered people because they only want to avoid jizya, in this case lower jizya means lower revenue.
"No no, not so much. Jizya's goal was never really to replace zakat per se. Zakat is charitable giving to the poor, a 2.5% tithe on a Muslim's yearly income which is intended for the less fortunate in society. A wealthier Muslim can also create a waqf (pious endowment); this could be something like building a mosque, or establish a business to which all of the profits will go towards a local mosque, or food for the poor, etc. Zakat is also one of the five pillars of Islam, making it a hugely important part of the religion and one that is not really up for debate, unless you are below an certain income threshold, in which case you dont pay at all.
Jizya on the other hand has a more complicated history and opinions on it have varied throughout history. The verse in the Quran which mentions it (Quran 9:29) does not actually specify what jizya is, it only mentions that it is something that people of the book (Christians and Jews) living in Muslim lands must do.
'Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled.'
We thus must look at the Hadith as well to get an actual definition of what jizya is. We have Hadith regarding Muhammad and the early Rashidun Caliphs collecting jizya payments from people of the book living in Muslim lands, and there is a history of Islamic legal commentary deciding what is and is not acceptable jizya practice based upon the four legal schools.
We also have to look at what jizya's historical use was. If jizya was merely a form of zakat, then it would, like zakat, be designated as for the poor. However, jizya was always, even in Muhammad and the Rashidun Caliphate's times, given to the "state", such as it existed at the time. As the Islamic empire expanded, different jizya "deals" were constantly being made with different groups as they were conquered; as such there was never any uniform jizya payment for Dhimmi (Non-Muslim) populations across the Islamic world (important note: HOWEVER, IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT, UNLIKE ZAKT, JIZYIA MUST ALWAYS BE PAID, POVERTY STILL REQUIRE DHIMMI TO PAY JIZYA)Some Islamic empires would rely heavily on jizya payments, and some (such as the Ummayads) would even discourage conversion to keep populations paying an increasingly crucial tax. The Ottomans would apply jizya differently in different regions, and the Eastern European Christian slave boys that were taken to become the elite Janissaries were a form of jizya, organized through the devshirme system.
So to sum up, I would have to say that the fundamental difference between jizya and zakat is its intention: zakat is a more personal tithe for the Muslim faithful to be given to the poor; jizya is a tax, not even necessarily monetary, levied upon non-Muslim populations to be given to the state to further the aims of the state. Zakat is an expression of religious piety, whereas jizya is more of an expression of submission to the state."
-Quote from someone smarter than me
I'm gonna post this on the other comments referencing this as well.
Source: Hourani. A History of the Arab Peoples
P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C.E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W.P. Heinrichs. The Encyclopedia of Islam
Kennedy, Hugh. The Prophet and the Age of the Caliphates, 2nd Edition
This guy can’t difference between ideals and reality.
Ideally, muslims can’t kill each other.
In reality...
I would like to point out that the jizya wasn't higher than the zakaat (Muslim) tax, the jizya also had many exemptions, whereas the zakaat was compulsory.
He is not responding to this question
theres differences of how many percentage of zakat or jizya should be payed among sect and school of jurisprudence within islam, theoritically on paper it may sounds good but in practices these dynasties can tax their subjects very differently from what you have believe.
one of the reasons why umayyads got overthown by the abbasids was because they implemented racist tax to non arab, even if they're muslim to cover up and possibly slowdown mass convertion to islam by conquered people because they only want to avoid jizya, in this case lower jizya means lower revenue.
2:14 anyways lol. Converting to religion to avoid taxes isn't exacting not forcing someone to convert, but as I see with most of your videos it's biased towards one case. Your jizz tax or whatever is clearly a pressure built into a system that undeniably will cause conversion.
Ignorance is bad your health
"Apostasy is punished by death in Islam."
I understand where you were going with this but come on.
Yeah.
Traitors will be killed.
Long live islam❤.
its more than apostasy even if in case a secular state such thing is punishable by death since they betrayed central governent, im too would personally kill anyone who betray me in case of war.
Yes apostates are to be killed, problem?
@@apalahartisebuahnama7684so, you think you sre in war with all other religions.
And you wonder why world hates you.
Is the logical answer to you hating them.
Amazighe civilisation for islam !!!
Arab*
Stfu berber
The emirate of Cordoba was Arab and pan-arabist.
I hate when narator was reading the letter
It wasn’t forced tho
Lol yeah okay the book says otherwise
what??
@@laraib1 don't bother with him, he's a smartass.
They don't want any one to convert, they will lose taxes
Useful info...But It would be great if you could make a video without music..
Music is prohibited in islam..
And i think most of these videos are watched by Muslims...
thats why this video didnt have many watchers as kings and generals cuz most viewers were muslims, also who tf say music is prohibited in islam, what kind of sect youre following?
And that's why Allah forbade racism ladies and gentlemen so don't do that at home
Convert to Islam and pay lower taxes. Ding ding ding! There's your "why"!!
while it did play a role in conversion, I don't Christians are willing to abandon their religion just to lower their taxes
@@iihamed711people does what they need to scape poverty.
At this time christians had bern banned from administration and army, so, doomed to poverty.
Thank God for the reconquasta Spain 🇪🇸become a Christian nation again
I never knew that nations have religious faiths. Also which camp do you think is better? The one who coexisted with different cultures and religions? Or the one who decimated everyone different from them and committed genocides and mass conversions?
@@TheUnique69able are you talking about the almoravids? Or maybe the almohads?
@@javierzapatersanjuan1506 talking about the Spaniards
@@TheUnique69able what I try to say is that as much as you despise the spaniards, you have to admit that no muslim kingdom/ empire in iberia cared much about the non-muslims (or even the non berbers/arabs). This is even explained in the series, where it is explained that every muslim unifier of iberia was more intolerant and fundamentalist than the previous one, even to the point of alienating and expulsing christians and jews. Depopulating entire areas and weakening muslim iberia and in turn strenghening the christian kingdoms is not a very smart move, and to be honest, i consider all muslim rulers after the caliphate no better or straight up worse than their christian counterparts.
@@javierzapatersanjuan1506 it was probably a reaction to the encroaching Latin Christian threat. Arabs themselves didn’t discriminate between different groups especially in the beginning. If anything Arabs were at each other’s throats rather than in animosity with other groups under their rule.
The arab will rule Spain again 🏳🏴🇸🇦⚔🌴❤🕌🕋